WO2005040565A1 - Compression and turbine wheel for a secondary air conveying device for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Compression and turbine wheel for a secondary air conveying device for an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005040565A1 WO2005040565A1 PCT/EP2004/009998 EP2004009998W WO2005040565A1 WO 2005040565 A1 WO2005040565 A1 WO 2005040565A1 EP 2004009998 W EP2004009998 W EP 2004009998W WO 2005040565 A1 WO2005040565 A1 WO 2005040565A1
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- Prior art keywords
- compressor
- turbine wheel
- impeller
- wheel according
- turbine
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/04—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being fluid-driven
- F04D25/045—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being fluid-driven the pump wheel carrying the fluid driving means, e.g. turbine blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/08—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
- F01N3/32—Arrangements for supply of additional air using air pump
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the invention is based on a compressor and turbine wheel for a secondary air delivery device according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a secondary air delivery device for an internal combustion engine is already known (DE 199 37 781 AI), which has a compressor driven by a turbine via a shaft in order to use the compressor, in particular in the starting phase of the internal combustion engine, to introduce additional air to the exhaust gas side of the internal combustion engine to enable. This is accompanied by an oxidation of the hydrocarbons and carbon monoxides, which leads to an improvement in the exhaust gas values of the internal combustion engine.
- the compressor is driven by the turbine, which is driven to the surroundings by the pressure difference in the intake system caused by the throttle valve.
- the compressor and the turbine each have an impeller with appropriate blading, which are each attached to a shaft of the secondary air delivery device.
- the compressor and turbine wheel according to the invention for a secondary air delivery device with the characteristic Features of claim 1 in contrast, has the advantage of a simple, inexpensive design, which also allows a simplified wheel assembly.
- the achievable weight reduction is particularly advantageous, so that the secondary air conveying device has a very low overall weight, which also leads to a high dynamic response and good response of the combined compressor and turbine wheel.
- a simplified balancing process for the combined compressor and turbine wheel is also possible.
- Another advantage is that a simplified sealing of the compressor and turbine blades towards the housing is achieved, so that gap losses can be significantly reduced.
- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an impeller of a combined compressor and turbine wheel with a view of the turbine side according to a first exemplary embodiment according to the invention
- 2 is a perspective view of the impeller of the combined compressor and turbine wheel looking towards the compressor side according to a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a sectional illustration of the impeller with a fixed shaft according to a second exemplary embodiment according to the invention
- FIG. 5 shows a sectional illustration of an end region of the impeller, which is introduced into a housing and sealed in the housing via a piston ring,
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view of an end portion of the impeller housed in the housing and sealed in the housing by a brush seal;
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an end portion of the wheel, which is housed in the housing and sealed in the housing via a labyrinth seal,
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the impeller with a sealing ring running radially around the end face and a guide grille with a view towards the turbine side,
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the impeller according to FIG. 8 in the assembled state, looking towards the turbine side
- 10 is a perspective view of the impeller according to FIG. 8 looking towards the compressor side
- FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of the impeller according to FIG. 8 in the assembled state, looking towards the compressor side.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an integral impeller 1 according to the invention for a secondary air conveying device, which has a compressor blading 3, a turbine blading 4 and a shaft 6.
- the connection between impeller 1 and shaft 6 is rotationally fixed, for example by shrinking the impeller 1 onto the shaft 6.
- the impeller 1 has a cylindrical support body, which faces the shaft 6, the turbine blades 4 and the shaft 6, which carries the compressor blades 3.
- FIG. 2 shows in more detail, a shaft end of the shaft 6 is dome-shaped on one side 12 of the compressor blading 3.
- the design of the shaft end as a dome 10 results in an optimized introduction of air into the compressor, which is known to take place from radially inside to radially outside.
- the flow to the turbine blading 4 from the radially outside to the radially inside towards the shaft 6 is correspondingly opposite.
- Turbine blading 4 like compressor blading 3, has, for example, an airfoil profile, as is the case with a cross section through an airfoil.
- Turbine blading mode it is also possible to change to a conventional, spatial, three-dimensional blading mode, as is also common in exhaust gas turbochargers.
- DE 100 50 161 AI reference is made to DE 100 50 161 AI.
- the turbine blading 4 extends in the axial direction transversely to a side face 11 of the impeller 1 of the turbine blading 4.
- the compressor blading 3 extends in the axial direction from the side face 12 of the impeller 1 opposite the side face 11
- Turbine blading 4 have a larger width than the wing profiles of the compressor blading 3 and are therefore thicker and more curved.
- the hook-shaped curved turbine blades 4 are evenly distributed in the circumference of the impeller 1 and are oriented with their longest extension approximately in the radial direction towards the shaft 6.
- the compressor blades 3, on the other hand, have an elongated, narrow, arcuate shape, a longer blade being followed by a shorter blade.
- the compressor blades 3 are also aligned with their longest extension approximately radially to the shaft 6.
- the impeller 1 with compressor blading 3 and turbine blading 4 is made from one piece or from one material.
- Suitable manufacturing processes for providing this design are: Injection molding [plastics, for example PEEK (polyether ether ketone, a further development from polyether sulfones), PA (polyamide), PPS (polyphenylene sulfide), PFA (perfluoroalkoxy copolymer) and alloys based on Al (aluminum ) or Mg (Magnesium)], investment casting (alloys based on Al or Mg), die casting (alloys based on of AI or Mg) or milling, where a variety of machinable and light materials are possible.
- plastics for example PEEK (polyether ether ketone, a further development from polyether sulfones), PA (polyamide), PPS (polyphenylene sulfide), PFA (perfluoroalkoxy copolymer) and alloy
- a hybrid construction of the integral impeller 1 is also possible by combining at least two assemblies made of identical or different materials.
- metallic alloys based on Al, Mg, Ti (titanium), Fe (iron), Ni (nickel) in the form of sheets, foils or cast parts or in combination with plastics, for example PEEK, PA (polyamide), PFA (Perfluoro alkoxyalkane) and / or foams, such as PU (polyurethane) come into question.
- the plastics can be with or without additional fiber reinforcement, e.g. B. with glass fibers (40%).
- Such an example of an impeller 1 can be seen in FIG.
- the impeller 1 has two blade plates 15, which can be made of sheet metal or a steel or aluminum alloy, for example. Embossing, deep-drawing or electrochemical etching are possible as possible manufacturing processes for structuring the blade plates 15.
- the space between the two blade plates 15 is injection-molded or foamed with plastic, which forms the blade carrier 16. This results in an inseparable combination of the compressor blading, the blade plates 15 and the blade carrier 16.
- the impeller 1 is connected to the shaft 6 via a, for example, metallic bushing 20.
- the blade carrier 16 should not have sufficient creep resistance, for example because it is made of a foamed or non-foamed plastic, it may be necessary to insert the blade carrier 16 in To reinforce the area of its transition between impeller 1 and shaft 6 with a metallic bushing 20.
- the bushing 20 can be designed as a separate component but can also be an integral part of at least one blade plate 15.
- the bearing of the impeller 1 is preferably only on one side. At its end, the shaft 6 is guided both axially and radially in a bearing, not shown, preferably a ball bearing.
- the combined turbine-compressor impeller 1 is located at the other end of the shaft 6.
- the compressor Since the design of the air path in the compressor has a more critical behavior compared to the air outflow from the turbine, the compressor is provided on the side of the impeller 1 facing away from the ball bearings. A one-sided bearing support of the impeller 1 is only possible if the forces acting on the bearing remain comparatively low. It is important to ensure that the length of the cantilever is kept short. Due to the compact design of the impeller 1 according to the invention, such a cantilevered mounting of the impeller 1 is possible since it can be made of light materials.
- FIG. 4 shows a third exemplary embodiment of the impeller 1 in section, in which the blade plates 15 are connected directly to one another, so that no separate blade carrier is required.
- these can be glued or thermally joined, for example by welding or soldering.
- the two embossed plates 15 can also be made of the same material. A further connection to the socket 20 may be required.
- the invention provides for the turbine and compressor wheel to be combined into a single, combined, integral component 1. This requires the air spaces to effectively seal against each other between the turbine and compressor side. A small leakage can be tolerated, but this would have an unfavorable impact on the overall efficiency of the secondary air conveyor.
- FIG. 5 shows a first variant of the seal, in which the impeller 1 has on its radial circumference 22 a piston ring 23 which is accommodated in a groove 24 in the radial circumference 22 of the impeller 1. It is also conceivable to provide the groove 24 in a radial land area 30 of the housing 26 of the secondary air delivery device.
- the compressor blading 3 as well as the turbine blading 4 are surrounded on both sides by housing sections 27 of the housing 27 of the secondary air conveying device.
- FIG. 6 shows a further seal variant, in which a radial brush seal 28 is provided.
- the brush seal 28 is accommodated in the radial land area 30 of the housing 26 of the secondary air conveying device and acts with its brushes 28 on a radial groove 31 provided on the radial circumference 22 of the impeller 1.
- FIG. 7 shows a further seal variant in which a radially circumferential labyrinth seal is provided for sealing the impeller 1 in the housing 26.
- a labyrinth-shaped groove course 33 is provided in the radial web area 30 of the housing 26 of the secondary air conveying device and surrounds an end area 22 of the impeller 1 with the compressor blading 3.
- FIGS. 8 to 11 show in more detail, it is also possible to use grinding pads 35 for sealing, which can be arranged radially and / or on the end face.
- the grinding pads for example in the form of a slip ring 35 surrounding the impeller 1, are received in a corresponding receiving groove 37 on the impeller 1 and correspondingly in a receiving groove 38 in the housing or in a guide vane 40 radially surrounding the impeller 1.
- FIGS. 8 to 11 show in more detail, the slip ring 35 is received between the impeller 1 and the fixed guide vane 40.
- a guide vane 40 can be provided in order to further improve the flow onto the turbine blades 4.
- the guide vane 40 is in turn accommodated in the subsequent housing 26 of the secondary air conveying device, which is not shown in detail.
- a sealing surface 29 for the slip ring 35 is also provided in FIG. 4, for example, radially above the turbine blading 4 on the impeller 1.
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Abstract
Description
VERDICHTER- UND TURBINENRAD FÜR EINE SEKUNDARLUFTFORDEREINRICHTUNG FÜR EINE BRENNKRAFTMASCHINECOMPRESSOR AND TURBINE WHEEL FOR A SECONDARY AIR FEEDING DEVICE FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verdichter- und Turbinenrad für eine Sekundärluftfördereinrichtung nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1.The invention is based on a compressor and turbine wheel for a secondary air delivery device according to the preamble of claim 1.
Es ist bereits eine Sekundärluftfördereinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine bekannt (DE 199 37 781 AI) , die einen von einer Turbine über eine Welle angetriebenen Verdichter aufweist, um mittels des Verdichters, insbesondere in der Startphase der Brennkraftmaschine, die Einleitung zusätzlicher Luft auf die Abgasseite der Brennkraftmaschine zu ermöglichen. Damit geht eine Aufoxidation der Kohlenwasserstoffe und Kohlenmonoxide einher, was zu einer Verbesserung der Abgaswerte der Brennkraftmaschine führt. Der Antrieb des Verdichters erfolgt über die Turbine, welche durch den durch die Drosselklappe bewirkten Druckunterschied im Ansaugtrakt zur Umgebung angetrieben wird. Der Verdichter wie auch die Turbine weisen jeweils ein Laufrad mit entsprechender Beschaufelung auf, welche jeweils an einer Welle der Sekundärluftfördereinrichtung befestigt sind.A secondary air delivery device for an internal combustion engine is already known (DE 199 37 781 AI), which has a compressor driven by a turbine via a shaft in order to use the compressor, in particular in the starting phase of the internal combustion engine, to introduce additional air to the exhaust gas side of the internal combustion engine to enable. This is accompanied by an oxidation of the hydrocarbons and carbon monoxides, which leads to an improvement in the exhaust gas values of the internal combustion engine. The compressor is driven by the turbine, which is driven to the surroundings by the pressure difference in the intake system caused by the throttle valve. The compressor and the turbine each have an impeller with appropriate blading, which are each attached to a shaft of the secondary air delivery device.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Das erfindungsgemäße Verdichter- und Turbinenrad für eine Sekundärluftfördereinrichtung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil einer einfachen, kostengünstigen Bauweise, die außerdem eine vereinfachte Radmontage erlaubt. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die erzielbare GewichtsrecLuzierung, so dass sich ein sehr geringes Gesamtgewicht der Sekundärluftfördereinrichtung ergibt, was außerdem zu einer hohen Dynamik und gutem Ansprechverhalten des kombinierten Verdichter- und Turbinenrades führt. Darüber hinaus ist neben der vereinfachten Radmontage auch ein vereinfachter Wuchtprozess des kombinierten Verdichter- und Turbinenrades möglich.The compressor and turbine wheel according to the invention for a secondary air delivery device with the characteristic Features of claim 1, in contrast, has the advantage of a simple, inexpensive design, which also allows a simplified wheel assembly. The achievable weight reduction is particularly advantageous, so that the secondary air conveying device has a very low overall weight, which also leads to a high dynamic response and good response of the combined compressor and turbine wheel. In addition to the simplified wheel assembly, a simplified balancing process for the combined compressor and turbine wheel is also possible.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des in Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Verdichter- und Turbinenrades für eine Sekundärluftfördereinrichtung möglich.The measures listed in the subclaims allow advantageous developments and improvements of the compressor and turbine wheel specified in claim 1 for a secondary air delivery device.
Von Vorteil ist außerdem, dass eine vereinfachte Abdichtung der Verdichter- und Turbinenbeschaufelung zum Gehäuse hin erreicht wird, so dass Spa.ltverluste deutlich verringert werden können.Another advantage is that a simplified sealing of the compressor and turbine blades towards the housing is achieved, so that gap losses can be significantly reduced.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert .Embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Fig . 1 eine perspektivi sche Ansicht eines Laufrades eines kombinierten Verdichter- und Turbinenrades mit Blickrichtung auf die Turbinenseite gemäß einem ersten erf indungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiel , Fig. 2 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Laufrades des kombinierten Verdichter- und Turbinenrades mit Blickrichtung auf die Verdichterseite gemäß einem ersten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiel,Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an impeller of a combined compressor and turbine wheel with a view of the turbine side according to a first exemplary embodiment according to the invention, 2 is a perspective view of the impeller of the combined compressor and turbine wheel looking towards the compressor side according to a first embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 3 eine Schnittdarstellung des Laufrades mit befestigter Welle gemäß einem zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiel ,3 shows a sectional illustration of the impeller with a fixed shaft according to a second exemplary embodiment according to the invention,
Fig. 4 eine Schnittdarstellung des Laufrades mit befestigter Welle gemäß einem dritten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiel ,4 shows a sectional illustration of the impeller with a fixed shaft according to a third exemplary embodiment according to the invention,
Fig. 5 eine Schnittdarstellung eines Endbereichs des Laufrades, das in einem Gehäuse eingebracht und im Gehäuse über einen Kolbenring abgedichtet ist,5 shows a sectional illustration of an end region of the impeller, which is introduced into a housing and sealed in the housing via a piston ring,
Fig. 6 eine Schnittdarstellung eines Endbereichs des Laufrades , das in dem Gehäuse untergebracht und im Gehäuse über eine Bürstendichtung abgedichtet ist,6 is a sectional view of an end portion of the impeller housed in the housing and sealed in the housing by a brush seal;
Fig. 7 eine Schnittdarstellung eines Endbereichs des Lau rades , das in dem Gehäuse untergebracht und im Gehäuse über eine Labyrinthdichtung abgedichtet ist,7 is a sectional view of an end portion of the wheel, which is housed in the housing and sealed in the housing via a labyrinth seal,
Fig. 8 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Laufrades mit stirnseitig radial umlaufenden Dichtring und einem Leitgitter mit Blickrichtung auf die Turbinenseite,8 is a perspective view of the impeller with a sealing ring running radially around the end face and a guide grille with a view towards the turbine side,
Fig. 9 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Laufrades gemäß Figur 8 im montierten Zustand mit Blickrichtung auf die Turbinenseite, Fig. 10 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Laufrades gemäß Figur 8 mit Blickrichtung auf die Verdichterseite,9 is a perspective view of the impeller according to FIG. 8 in the assembled state, looking towards the turbine side, 10 is a perspective view of the impeller according to FIG. 8 looking towards the compressor side,
Fig. 11 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Laufrades gemäß Figur 8 im montierten Zustand mit Blickrichtung auf die Verdichterseite.11 shows a perspective view of the impeller according to FIG. 8 in the assembled state, looking towards the compressor side.
Beschreibung der AusführiαngsbeispieleDescription of exemplary embodiments
In Figur 1 ist eine perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen integralen Laufrades 1 für eine Sekundärluftfördereinrichtung gezeigt, das über eine Verdichterbeschaufelung 3 , eine Turbinenbeschaufelung 4 und eine Welle 6 verfügt. Die Verbindung zwischen Laufrad 1 und Welle 6 erfolgt drehfest, beispielsweise durch Aufschrumpfen des Laufrades 1 auf die Welle 6. Das Laufrad 1 weist einen zylindrischen Tragerkorper auf, welcher der Welle 6 zugewandt die Turbinenbeschaufelung 4 und der Welle 6 abgewandt, die Verdichterbeschaufelung 3 trägt. Wie die Figur 2 näher zeigt, ist ein Wellenende der Welle 6 an einer Seite 12 der Verdichterbeschaufelung 3 domförmig ausgeführt. Durch die Ausführung des Wellenendes als Dom 10 ergibt sich eine optimierte Lufteinleitung in den Verdichter, die bekanntermaßen von radial innen nach radial außen erfolgt . Entsprechend entgegengesetzt erfolgt die Anströmung der Turbinenbeschaufelung 4 von radial außen nach radial innen zur Welle 6 hin.1 shows a perspective view of an integral impeller 1 according to the invention for a secondary air conveying device, which has a compressor blading 3, a turbine blading 4 and a shaft 6. The connection between impeller 1 and shaft 6 is rotationally fixed, for example by shrinking the impeller 1 onto the shaft 6. The impeller 1 has a cylindrical support body, which faces the shaft 6, the turbine blades 4 and the shaft 6, which carries the compressor blades 3. As FIG. 2 shows in more detail, a shaft end of the shaft 6 is dome-shaped on one side 12 of the compressor blading 3. The design of the shaft end as a dome 10 results in an optimized introduction of air into the compressor, which is known to take place from radially inside to radially outside. The flow to the turbine blading 4 from the radially outside to the radially inside towards the shaft 6 is correspondingly opposite.
Die Turbinenbeschaufelung 4 weist wie die Verdichterbeschaufelung 3 beispielsweise ein Tragflächenprofil auf, wie es sich bei einem Querschnitt durch eine Tragfläche ergibt. Neben der dargestellten, quasi flächigen, zweidimensionalen Beschaufelungsweise ist es auch möglich, auf eine konventionelle, räumliche, dreidimensionale Beschaufelungsweise überzugehen, wie sie auch bei Abgasturboladern üblich ist. Beispielhaft wird hierzu auf die DE 100 50 161 AI verwiesen.Turbine blading 4, like compressor blading 3, has, for example, an airfoil profile, as is the case with a cross section through an airfoil. In addition to the illustrated, quasi flat, two-dimensional blading mode, it is also possible to change to a conventional, spatial, three-dimensional blading mode, as is also common in exhaust gas turbochargers. For example, reference is made to DE 100 50 161 AI.
Die Turbinenbeschaufelung 4 erstreckt sich in axialer Richtung quer zu einer Seitenfläche 11 des Laufrades 1 der Turbinenbeschaufelung 4. In gleicher Weise erstreckt sich in axialer Richtung entgegengesetzt zur Turbinenbeschaufelung 4 die Verdichterbeschaufelung 3 von der der Seitenfläche 11 gegenüberliegenden Seitenfläche 12 des Laufrades 1. Die Tragflächenprofile der Turbinenbeschaufelung 4 weisen eine größere Breite als die Tragflächenprofile der Verdichterbeschaufelung 3 auf und sind somit dicker und stärker gekrümmt. Die hakenförmig gekrümmten Turbinenschaufeln 4 sind im Umfang des Laufrades 1 gleichmäßig verteilt und sind mit ihrer längsten Erstreckung in etwa in radialer Richtung zur Welle 6 hin orientiert . Die Verdichterschaufeln 3 hingegen haben eine längliche, schmale bogenförmige Form, wobei einer längeren Schaufel eine kürzere Schaufel folgt. Auch die Verdichterschaufeln 3 sind mit ihrer längsten Erstreckung in etwa radial zur Welle 6 ausgerichtet.The turbine blading 4 extends in the axial direction transversely to a side face 11 of the impeller 1 of the turbine blading 4. In the same way, opposite to the turbine blading 4, the compressor blading 3 extends in the axial direction from the side face 12 of the impeller 1 opposite the side face 11 Turbine blading 4 have a larger width than the wing profiles of the compressor blading 3 and are therefore thicker and more curved. The hook-shaped curved turbine blades 4 are evenly distributed in the circumference of the impeller 1 and are oriented with their longest extension approximately in the radial direction towards the shaft 6. The compressor blades 3, on the other hand, have an elongated, narrow, arcuate shape, a longer blade being followed by a shorter blade. The compressor blades 3 are also aligned with their longest extension approximately radially to the shaft 6.
Gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Laufrad 1 mit Verdichterbeschaufelung 3 und Turbinenbeschaufelung 4 aus einem Stück beziehungsweise aus einem Werkstoff hergestellt . Geeignete Fertigungs-verfahren zur Bereitstellung dieser Bauform sind: Spritzguss [Kunststoffe, zum Beispiel PEEK (Polyetheretherketon, eine Weiterentwicklung aus Polyethersulfone) , PA (Polyamid) , PPS (Polyphenylensulfid) , PFA (Perfluoralkoxy-Copolymer) auch Legierungen auf Basis von AI (Aluminium) oder Mg (Magnesium) ] , Feinguss (Legierungen auf Basis von AI oder Mg) , Druckguss (Legierungen auf Basis von AI oder Mg) oder Fräsen, wobei eine Vielzahl von zerspanbaren und leichten Werkstoffen in Frage kommen. Neben der beschriebenen einteiligen Ausführung des Laufrades 1 ist auch eine Hybrid-Bauweise des integralen Laufrades 1 durch Kombination von mindestens zwei Baugruppen aus identischen oder jeweils unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen möglich. Hierzu können metallische Legierungen auf Basis von AI, Mg, Ti (Titan) , Fe (Eisen) , Ni (Nickel) in Form von Blechen, Folien oder Gussteilen oder auch in Kombination mit Kunststoffen, zum Beispiel PEEK, PA (Polyamid) , PFA (Perfluoro Alkoxyalkan) und/oder Schäumen, wie zum Beispiel PU (Polyurethan) , in Frage kommen. Die Kunststoffe können mit oder ohne zusätzliche Faserverstärkung, z. B. mit Glasfasern (40%) , ausgestattet sein. Ein derartiges Beispiel eines Laufrades 1 ist der Figur 3 entnehmbar, die einen Schnitt durch das Laufrad 1 mit Verdichterbeschaufelung 3 und Turbinenbeschaufelung 4 sowie Welle 6 zeigt. Das Laufrad 1 weist zwei Schaufelplatten 15 auf, die zum Beispiel aus Blech oder einer Stahl- oder Aluminiumlegierung bestehen können. Als mögliche Fertigungsverfahren zur Strukturierung der Schaufelplatten 15 sind Prägen, Tiefziehen oder elektrochemisches Ätzen möglich.According to a first embodiment, the impeller 1 with compressor blading 3 and turbine blading 4 is made from one piece or from one material. Suitable manufacturing processes for providing this design are: Injection molding [plastics, for example PEEK (polyether ether ketone, a further development from polyether sulfones), PA (polyamide), PPS (polyphenylene sulfide), PFA (perfluoroalkoxy copolymer) and alloys based on Al (aluminum ) or Mg (Magnesium)], investment casting (alloys based on Al or Mg), die casting (alloys based on of AI or Mg) or milling, where a variety of machinable and light materials are possible. In addition to the described one-piece design of the impeller 1, a hybrid construction of the integral impeller 1 is also possible by combining at least two assemblies made of identical or different materials. For this purpose, metallic alloys based on Al, Mg, Ti (titanium), Fe (iron), Ni (nickel) in the form of sheets, foils or cast parts or in combination with plastics, for example PEEK, PA (polyamide), PFA (Perfluoro alkoxyalkane) and / or foams, such as PU (polyurethane), come into question. The plastics can be with or without additional fiber reinforcement, e.g. B. with glass fibers (40%). Such an example of an impeller 1 can be seen in FIG. 3, which shows a section through the impeller 1 with compressor blading 3 and turbine blading 4 and shaft 6. The impeller 1 has two blade plates 15, which can be made of sheet metal or a steel or aluminum alloy, for example. Embossing, deep-drawing or electrochemical etching are possible as possible manufacturing processes for structuring the blade plates 15.
Der Zwischenraum zwischen beiden Schaufelplatten 15 ist mit Kunststoff ausgespritzt oder ausgeschäumt, welcher den Schaufelträger 16 bildet. Damit ergibt sich ein untrennbarer Verbund aus der Verdichterbeschaufelung, den Schaufelplatten 15 und dem Schaufelträger 16. Über eine zum Beispiel metallisch ausgebildete Buchse 20 erfolgt die Anbindung des Laufrades 1 an die Welle 6.The space between the two blade plates 15 is injection-molded or foamed with plastic, which forms the blade carrier 16. This results in an inseparable combination of the compressor blading, the blade plates 15 and the blade carrier 16. The impeller 1 is connected to the shaft 6 via a, for example, metallic bushing 20.
Falls der Schaufelträger 16 über eine nicht ausreichende Kriechbeständigkeit verfügen sollte, zum Beispiel weil er aus einem geschäumten oder ungeschäumten Kunststoff gefertigt ist, kann es erforderlich sein, den Schaufelträger 16 im Bereich seines Übergangs zwischen Laufrad 1 und Welle 6 mit einer metallischen Buchse 20 zu verstärken. Die Buchse 20 kann sowohl als separates Bauteil ausgeführt sein aber auch ein integraler Bestandteil mindestens einer Schaufelplatte 15 sein. Die Lagerung des Laufrades 1 erfolgt vorzugsweise nur einseitig. Die Welle 6 wird an ihrem Ende sowohl axial als auch radial in einem nicht näher dargestellten Lager, vorzugsweise einem Kugellager, geführt. An ihrem anderen Ende der Welle 6 befindet sich das kombinierte Turbinen- Verdichterlaufrad 1. Da die Gestaltung des Luftpfades im Verdichter im Vergleich zur LuftausStrömung aus der Turbine ein kritischeres Verhalten aufweist, ist der Verdichter auf der der Kugellager abgewandten Seite des Laufrades 1 vorgesehen. Eine einseitig tragende Lagerung des Laufrades 1 ist nur möglich, wenn die Kräfte die auf das Lager wirken vergleichsweise gering bleiben. Es ist darauf zu achten, dass die Länge des Kragarms gering zu halten ist. Durch die kompakte Bauweise des erfindungsgemäßen Laufrades 1 ist eine derartige kragende Lagerung des Laufrades 1 möglich, da es aus leichten Werkstoffen gefertigt werden kann.If the blade carrier 16 should not have sufficient creep resistance, for example because it is made of a foamed or non-foamed plastic, it may be necessary to insert the blade carrier 16 in To reinforce the area of its transition between impeller 1 and shaft 6 with a metallic bushing 20. The bushing 20 can be designed as a separate component but can also be an integral part of at least one blade plate 15. The bearing of the impeller 1 is preferably only on one side. At its end, the shaft 6 is guided both axially and radially in a bearing, not shown, preferably a ball bearing. The combined turbine-compressor impeller 1 is located at the other end of the shaft 6. Since the design of the air path in the compressor has a more critical behavior compared to the air outflow from the turbine, the compressor is provided on the side of the impeller 1 facing away from the ball bearings. A one-sided bearing support of the impeller 1 is only possible if the forces acting on the bearing remain comparatively low. It is important to ensure that the length of the cantilever is kept short. Due to the compact design of the impeller 1 according to the invention, such a cantilevered mounting of the impeller 1 is possible since it can be made of light materials.
Die Figur 4 zeigt ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel des Laufrades 1 im Schnitt, bei welchem die Schaufelplatten 15 direkt miteinander verbunden sind, so dass kein eigener Schaufelträger erforderlich ist. Zur Verbindung beider Schaufelplatten 15 können diese verklebt oder thermisch gefügt sein, zum Beispiel durch Schweißen oder Löten. Die beiden geprägten Platten 15 können auch aus dem gleichen Material hergestellt sein. Gegebenenfalls ist eine weitere Verbindung mit der Buchse 20 erforderlich.FIG. 4 shows a third exemplary embodiment of the impeller 1 in section, in which the blade plates 15 are connected directly to one another, so that no separate blade carrier is required. To connect the two blade plates 15, these can be glued or thermally joined, for example by welding or soldering. The two embossed plates 15 can also be made of the same material. A further connection to the socket 20 may be required.
Die Erfindung sieht vor, das Turbinen- und Verdichterrad zu einem einzigen, kombinierten, integralen Bauteil 1 zusammenzufassen. Hierzu ist es erforderlich, die Lufträume zwischen der Turbinen- und Verdichterseite wirkungsvoll gegeneinander abzudichten. Eine geringe Leckage kann zwar toleriert werden, diese hätte jedoch einen ungünstigen Einfluss auf den GesamtWirkungsgrad der Sekundärluftfördereinrichtung. Im Folgenden werden verschiedene Dichtungskonzepte näher dargestellt . Die Dichtung ist im Utnfangsbereich zwischen Verdichter und Turbinenseite vorgesehen. Die Figur 5 zeigt eine erste Variante der Abdichtung, bei der das Laufrad 1 an seinem radialen Umfang 22 einen Kolbenring 23 aufweist, der in einer Nut 24 im radialen Umfang 22 des Laufrades 1 untergebracht ist. Denkbar ist auch, die Nut 24 in einem radialen Stegbereich 30 des Gehäuses 26 der Sekundärluftfördereinrichtung vorzusehen. Die Verdichterbeschaufelung 3 wie auch die Turbinenbeschaufelung 4 sind beidseitig von Gehäuseabschnitten 27 des Gehäuses 27 der Sekundärluftfördereinrichtung umgeben.The invention provides for the turbine and compressor wheel to be combined into a single, combined, integral component 1. This requires the air spaces to effectively seal against each other between the turbine and compressor side. A small leakage can be tolerated, but this would have an unfavorable impact on the overall efficiency of the secondary air conveyor. Various sealing concepts are presented in more detail below. The seal is provided in the central area between the compressor and the turbine side. FIG. 5 shows a first variant of the seal, in which the impeller 1 has on its radial circumference 22 a piston ring 23 which is accommodated in a groove 24 in the radial circumference 22 of the impeller 1. It is also conceivable to provide the groove 24 in a radial land area 30 of the housing 26 of the secondary air delivery device. The compressor blading 3 as well as the turbine blading 4 are surrounded on both sides by housing sections 27 of the housing 27 of the secondary air conveying device.
Die Figur 6 zeigt eine weitere Dichtungsvariante, bei der eine radial umlaufende Bürstendichtung 28 vorgesehen ist. Die Bürstendichtung 28 ist in dem radialen Stegbereich 30 des Gehäuses 26 der Sekundärluftfördereinrichtung untergebracht und wirkt mit ihren Bürsten 28 auf eine am radialen Umfang 22 des Laufrades 1 vorgesehene Radialnut 31.FIG. 6 shows a further seal variant, in which a radial brush seal 28 is provided. The brush seal 28 is accommodated in the radial land area 30 of the housing 26 of the secondary air conveying device and acts with its brushes 28 on a radial groove 31 provided on the radial circumference 22 of the impeller 1.
Die Figur 7 zeigt eine weitere Dichtungsvariante, bei der eine radial umlaufende Labyrinthdichtung zur Abdichtung des Laufrades 1 im Gehäuse 26 vorgesehen ist. Wie in Figur 7 entnehmbar, ist in dem radialen Stegbereich 30 des Gehäuses 26 der Sekundärluftfördereinrichtung ein labyrinthförmiger Nutverlauf 33 vorgesehen, welcher einen Endbereich 22 des Laufrades 1 mit der Verdichterbeschaufelung 3 umgibt . Denkbar ist aber auch, die Turbinenbeschaufelung 4 über eine Labyrinthdichtung zum Gehäuse hin abzudichten. Möglich ist aber auch, wie die Figuren 8 bis 11 näher zeigen, Einschleifbeläge 35 zur Abdichtung zu verwenden, die radial und/oder stirnseitig angeordnet sein können. Die Einschleifbeläge, zum Beispiel in Form eines das Laufrad 1 umgebenden Schleifrings 35, werden in einer entsprechenden Aufnahmenut 37 am Laufrad 1 und korrespondierend in einer Aufnahmenut 38 im Gehäuse beziehungsweise in einem das Laufrad 1 radial umgebenden Leitgitter 40 aufgenommen. Wie die Figuren 8 bis 11 näher zeigen, wird der Schleifring 35 zwischen dem Laufrad 1 und dem feststehenden Leitgitter 40 aufgenommen. Durch Einschleifen des Schleifrings 35 erfolgt eine Abdichtung zum feststehenden Leitgitterring 40 und damit zum Gehäuse. Ein Leitgitter 40 kann vorgesehen sein, um die Anströmung auf die Turbinenschaufeln 4 weiter zu verbessern. Das Leitgitter 40 ist wiederum im anschließenden, nicht näherer dargestellten Gehäuse 26 der Sekundärluftfördereinrichtung aufgenommen. Eine Dichtungsfläche 29 für den Schleifring 35 ist in Figur 4 zum Beispiel auch radial oberhalb der Turbinenbeschaufelung 4 am Laufrad 1 gegeben.FIG. 7 shows a further seal variant in which a radially circumferential labyrinth seal is provided for sealing the impeller 1 in the housing 26. As can be seen in FIG. 7, a labyrinth-shaped groove course 33 is provided in the radial web area 30 of the housing 26 of the secondary air conveying device and surrounds an end area 22 of the impeller 1 with the compressor blading 3. However, it is also conceivable to seal the turbine blades 4 to the housing via a labyrinth seal. However, as FIGS. 8 to 11 show in more detail, it is also possible to use grinding pads 35 for sealing, which can be arranged radially and / or on the end face. The grinding pads, for example in the form of a slip ring 35 surrounding the impeller 1, are received in a corresponding receiving groove 37 on the impeller 1 and correspondingly in a receiving groove 38 in the housing or in a guide vane 40 radially surrounding the impeller 1. As FIGS. 8 to 11 show in more detail, the slip ring 35 is received between the impeller 1 and the fixed guide vane 40. By grinding in the slip ring 35, a seal is made to the fixed guide vane ring 40 and thus to the housing. A guide vane 40 can be provided in order to further improve the flow onto the turbine blades 4. The guide vane 40 is in turn accommodated in the subsequent housing 26 of the secondary air conveying device, which is not shown in detail. A sealing surface 29 for the slip ring 35 is also provided in FIG. 4, for example, radially above the turbine blading 4 on the impeller 1.
Neben der dargestellten Verdichterbeschaufelung und Turbinenbeschaufelung als Tragflächenprofil (quasi zweidimensional) ist es auch möglich, auf eine herkömmliche, dreidimensionale, räumliche Beschaufelung zurückzugreifen. Bei allen Varianten für die Beschaufelung, flächig oder räumlich, ist diese nicht lösbar mit dem Schaufelträger 16 verbunde . In addition to the compressor blading and turbine blading shown as an airfoil profile (quasi two-dimensional), it is also possible to use conventional, three-dimensional, spatial blading. In all variants for blading, flat or spatial, it is not detachably connected to the blade carrier 16.
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/399,686 US7438529B2 (en) | 2003-10-10 | 2006-04-06 | Compressor and turbine wheel for a secondary air feed device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10347842A DE10347842A1 (en) | 2003-10-10 | 2003-10-10 | Compressor and turbine wheel for a secondary air delivery unit is constituted as a single component with compressor and turbine blades |
| DE10347842.6 | 2003-10-10 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/399,686 Continuation-In-Part US7438529B2 (en) | 2003-10-10 | 2006-04-06 | Compressor and turbine wheel for a secondary air feed device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005040565A1 true WO2005040565A1 (en) | 2005-05-06 |
Family
ID=34399509
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2004/009998 Ceased WO2005040565A1 (en) | 2003-10-10 | 2004-09-08 | Compression and turbine wheel for a secondary air conveying device for an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7438529B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE10347842A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005040565A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7665439B2 (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2010-02-23 | Ingersoll Rand Company | Single piece rotor |
| DE102008018863A1 (en) * | 2008-04-15 | 2009-10-22 | Daimler Ag | Device for air supply |
| US20100290942A1 (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2010-11-18 | Gm Global Technolgoy Operations, Inc. | Systems and methods to produce forged powder metal parts with transverse features |
| US9091172B2 (en) | 2010-12-28 | 2015-07-28 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Rotor with cooling passage |
| DE102011009620A1 (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2012-08-02 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Exhaust treatment device with an injector for supplying a fluid |
| CN103890318B (en) | 2011-11-15 | 2016-09-28 | 博格华纳公司 | Flow rotors, especially turbine wheels |
| IN2013DE01690A (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2015-07-10 | Caterpillar Global Mining Expanded Products Pty Ltd | |
| US10393134B2 (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2019-08-27 | Borgwarner Inc. | Polymeric compressor wheel with metal sleeve |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1959703A (en) * | 1932-01-26 | 1934-05-22 | Birmann Rudolph | Blading for centrifugal impellers or turbines |
| GB740682A (en) * | 1950-11-06 | 1955-11-16 | W H Allen Sons & Company Ltd | Improvements in or relating to gas turbines and turbine wheels or rotors thereof |
| US2975959A (en) * | 1958-09-30 | 1961-03-21 | Berry W Foster | Back-to-back centrifugal compressor and centripetal turbine having an integral rotordisc |
| GB1021303A (en) * | 1963-11-16 | 1966-03-02 | Dowty Technical Dev Ltd | Internal combustion engines |
| US3299629A (en) * | 1964-12-22 | 1967-01-24 | Ford Motor Co | Engine intake manifold air driven compressor |
| JPH04112957A (en) * | 1990-08-31 | 1992-04-14 | Hino Motors Ltd | Egr device of turbo-supercharger engine |
| DE19641467A1 (en) * | 1996-10-09 | 1998-04-16 | Mann & Hummel Filter | Secondary air system for IC engine |
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| EP1154133A2 (en) * | 2000-05-11 | 2001-11-14 | BorgWarner Inc. | Charged internal combustion engine |
| US6334436B1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2002-01-01 | Filterwerk Mann & Hummel Gmbh | Secondary air system for an internal combustion engine |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1000189B (en) * | 1955-06-28 | 1957-01-03 | Bmw Studiengesellschaft Fuer T | Gas turbine, in particular small gas turbine |
| FR2411300A1 (en) * | 1977-12-07 | 1979-07-06 | Cem Comp Electro Mec | Turbo-compressor with single cantilever rotor - has centrifugal compressor and axial flow turbine between which is seal with dia. chosen to equalise pressures |
| US4260339A (en) * | 1978-03-22 | 1981-04-07 | British Aerospace | Turbo compressor |
| US4991390A (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1991-02-12 | Sundstrand Corporation | Mounting and cooling turbine nozzle vanes |
| DE19630792A1 (en) | 1996-04-04 | 1997-10-09 | Jung Nadine | Gas turbine unit |
| US6062028A (en) * | 1998-07-02 | 2000-05-16 | Allied Signal Inc. | Low speed high pressure ratio turbocharger |
| DE19937781A1 (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2001-02-15 | Mann & Hummel Filter | Internal combustion engine with secondary air intake system |
| DE20009004U1 (en) * | 2000-05-18 | 2000-08-03 | Schmidtgen, Ulf, 90768 Fürth | turbocharger |
| US6502398B2 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2003-01-07 | Davorin D. Kapich | Exhaust power recovery system |
-
2003
- 2003-10-10 DE DE10347842A patent/DE10347842A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-09-08 WO PCT/EP2004/009998 patent/WO2005040565A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2006
- 2006-04-06 US US11/399,686 patent/US7438529B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1959703A (en) * | 1932-01-26 | 1934-05-22 | Birmann Rudolph | Blading for centrifugal impellers or turbines |
| GB740682A (en) * | 1950-11-06 | 1955-11-16 | W H Allen Sons & Company Ltd | Improvements in or relating to gas turbines and turbine wheels or rotors thereof |
| US2975959A (en) * | 1958-09-30 | 1961-03-21 | Berry W Foster | Back-to-back centrifugal compressor and centripetal turbine having an integral rotordisc |
| GB1021303A (en) * | 1963-11-16 | 1966-03-02 | Dowty Technical Dev Ltd | Internal combustion engines |
| US3299629A (en) * | 1964-12-22 | 1967-01-24 | Ford Motor Co | Engine intake manifold air driven compressor |
| JPH04112957A (en) * | 1990-08-31 | 1992-04-14 | Hino Motors Ltd | Egr device of turbo-supercharger engine |
| DE19641467A1 (en) * | 1996-10-09 | 1998-04-16 | Mann & Hummel Filter | Secondary air system for IC engine |
| US6082975A (en) * | 1997-05-27 | 2000-07-04 | Lahens; Albert | Cold turbocharger consisting of a low mass turbine single disk unit |
| US6334436B1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2002-01-01 | Filterwerk Mann & Hummel Gmbh | Secondary air system for an internal combustion engine |
| EP1154133A2 (en) * | 2000-05-11 | 2001-11-14 | BorgWarner Inc. | Charged internal combustion engine |
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| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 0163, no. 63 (M - 1290) 5 August 1992 (1992-08-05) * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7438529B2 (en) | 2008-10-21 |
| US20060222503A1 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
| DE10347842A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
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