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WO2004111275A1 - Cooling element and method of manufacturing a cooling element - Google Patents

Cooling element and method of manufacturing a cooling element Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004111275A1
WO2004111275A1 PCT/FI2004/000354 FI2004000354W WO2004111275A1 WO 2004111275 A1 WO2004111275 A1 WO 2004111275A1 FI 2004000354 W FI2004000354 W FI 2004000354W WO 2004111275 A1 WO2004111275 A1 WO 2004111275A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shoulder
housing
cooling element
copper
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI2004/000354
Other languages
Finnish (fi)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pertti MÄKINEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Outokumpu Oyj
Luvata Oy
Original Assignee
Outokumpu Oyj
Outokumpu Copper Products Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Outokumpu Oyj, Outokumpu Copper Products Oy filed Critical Outokumpu Oyj
Priority to DE112004000914T priority Critical patent/DE112004000914T5/en
Publication of WO2004111275A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004111275A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/10—Cooling; Devices therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/24—Cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/24—Cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0002—Cooling of furnaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling element defined in the independent claims and a method of manufacturing the cooling element.
  • cooling elements that are generally made of copper.
  • the cooling elements are water-cooled, and thus provided with a cooling water channel system.
  • the cooling elements are used for protecting the reactor linings of reactors for pyrometallurgical prosesses, wherein the heat emitted on the lining surface is transferred to water through the cooling element and thus wearing of the lining is essentially reduced in comparison with a reactor that is not cooled.
  • the reduction in the wearing is contributed by a so-called autogeneous lining that is solidified on the surface of the fireproof lining due to the cooling process, said autogeneous lining being composed of slag and other matter separated from the molten phases.
  • the working conditions in the reactor are extreme, when the cooling elements are subjected to intensive corrosion and erosion strains caused by the furnace atmosphere and by contacts with the molten material. Also gas circulations in the reactor can be harmful for the linings on the reactor wall.
  • gas circulations in the reactor can be harmful for the linings on the reactor wall.
  • the object of the present invention is to introduce a novel cooling element.
  • the object of the invention is to introduce a durable cooling element that, apart from cooling, also supports the linings on the reactor wall and improves gas circulation in the reactor.
  • Fl 109233 teaches a cooling element particularly for such furnaces where a corrosion-resistant surface layer is formed on the element surface by a diffusion joint, which corrosion-resistant surface is made of steel.
  • the arrangement according to the invention When a shoulder is connected to the cooled housing of the cooling element, the internal gas circulation in the reactor, such as a furnace, is essentially improved by this structure; in addition, the cooling element at the same time supports and cools the lining of the reactor wall.
  • the cooling element When the cooling element is arranged essentially underneath the reactor wall lining, the housing and the shoulder support the wall lining. If a shoulder is arranged in the cooling element only at the top edge of the housing, and not along the whole height of the housing, more room is left in the reactor to be utilized in the width direction thereof, i.e. in principle the reactor diameter is extended. Advantageously there is reached the necessary cooling effect for the cooling element.
  • the shoulder turns the direction of the gas circulation preferably away from the wall lining, which means that its corroding effects in the lining are reduced.
  • the cooling element supports the lining in a better way.
  • the metallurgical joint is made as a diffusion joint, by which an extremely wear- resistant and long-lasting joint is created between the shoulder and the housing, said joint being well resistant to the demanding process conditions in the pyrometallurgical reactor.
  • the joint between the shoulder and the housing can be reinforced with welding the shoulder at its edge to the housing.
  • the method according to the invention is a fast, easy and low-cost way to interconnect elements made of copper or copper alloy, for example in comparison with a situation where the shoulder would be made in the housing by forging.
  • the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the appended drawings.
  • FIG. 1 A cooling element according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 A cooling element according to the invention
  • FIGs 1 and 2 illustrate a cooling element 1 according to the invention, to be employed in the structure of a pyrometallurgical reactor, such as a furnace, used in metal processes, said cooling element comprising a housing 2 made of copper or copper alloy, provided with a channel system 3 for the cooling agent circulation.
  • the cooling element 1 illustrated in figures 1 and 2 is an element used in a furnace.
  • Figure 2 shows the embodiment of figure 1 , viewed in the direction A.
  • a shoulder 6, made of copper or copper alloy is joined to the housing 2 and arranged essentially underneath the lining 5 of the reactor wall 4, so that a metallurgical joint is created in the junction 7 between the housing 2 and the shoulder 6.
  • the shoulder 6 is formed in connection with the cooled housing 2 of the cooling element 1 , so that the shoulder 6 guides the gas circulation in the reactor, as well as supports and cools the lining 5 of the reactor wall 4.
  • the housing 2 according to the invention made of copper or copper alloy, is formed for instance by casting a plate billet that is rolled when necessary.
  • a channel system 3 for the cooling agent circulation is arranged in the plate billet for example by drilling or by some other known means.
  • the channel system 3 is connected to a channel 12 for feeding the cooling agent to the channel system.
  • the shoulder 6 is produced by forming an object of copper or copper alloy for example by casting or rolling.
  • the metallurgical joint between the housing and the shoulder is made as a diffusion joint.
  • the formation of the joint takes place as a result from a molten and solid substance diffusion and the successive phase change reactions, when the housing 2 and the shoulder 6 are pressed together, and the junction area 7 is heated at least in one step.
  • soldering agent containing at least silver, copper or tin In the junction area 7 between the housing 2 and the shoulder 6, there is fed soldering agent containing at least silver, copper or tin.
  • the soldering agent arranged between the housing 2 and the shoulder 6 is essentially a thin silver film. The silver film can also be tin- coated.
  • the creation of the joint requires a temperature of about 600 - 800 degrees, and the thickness of the junction is of the order of tens of micrometers.
  • the shoulder 6 is advantageously beveled at the bottom edge 8, so that the shoulder is thicker on the side of the housing 2.
  • the reactor gas circulations proceed in the direction of the arrow marked in the drawing, i.e. advantageously away from the reactor wall linings.
  • the shoulder is arranged at the top edge of the housing 2, i.e. at that edge that is located upper in the reactor.
  • the shoulder extends essentially along the whole width of the top edge 9 of the housing, and only along part of the height of the housing.
  • the depth 10 of the shoulder 6 according to the invention is advantageously 130 - 180 millimeters.
  • the total thickness 11 of the shoulder 6 and the housing 2 is at least as large as the thickness of the lining 5 of the wall above.
  • the cooling element 1 preferably supports the wall lining 5 located above it.
  • the shoulder 6 may also be provided with cooling agent circulation, which means that the cooling effect of the cooling element is increased.
  • the shoulder 6 is located in the reactor on that side of the housing element that is in contact with the melt.
  • a shoulder according to the invention could also be located on that side of the housing element that is in contact with the wall.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Blast Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a cooling element (1) to be used in the structure of a pyrometallurgical reactor, such as a furnace, employed in metal processes, said cooling element comprising a housing (2) made of copper or copper alloy, provided with a channel system (3) for the cooling agent circulation, so that in the housing (2) there is connected a shoulder (6) made of copper or copper alloy and arranged essentially underneath the lining (5) of the reactor wall (4), so that a metallurgical joint is created at the junction (7) between the housing and the shoulder. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a cooling element to be used in the structure of a pyrometallurgical reactor, such as a furnace, employed in metal processes.

Description

COOLING ELEMENT AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A COOLING ELEMENT
The invention relates to a cooling element defined in the independent claims and a method of manufacturing the cooling element.
In connection with industrial reactors, in particular reactors used in the manufacturing of metals, such as flash smelting furnaces, blast furnaces and electric furnaces, there are used massive cooling elements that are generally made of copper. Typically the cooling elements are water-cooled, and thus provided with a cooling water channel system. Often the cooling elements are used for protecting the reactor linings of reactors for pyrometallurgical prosesses, wherein the heat emitted on the lining surface is transferred to water through the cooling element and thus wearing of the lining is essentially reduced in comparison with a reactor that is not cooled. The reduction in the wearing is contributed by a so-called autogeneous lining that is solidified on the surface of the fireproof lining due to the cooling process, said autogeneous lining being composed of slag and other matter separated from the molten phases.
The working conditions in the reactor are extreme, when the cooling elements are subjected to intensive corrosion and erosion strains caused by the furnace atmosphere and by contacts with the molten material. Also gas circulations in the reactor can be harmful for the linings on the reactor wall. For an efficient operation of the cooling element, it is important, among others, that the joint between the fireproof bricks and the cooling element is good, so that an effectively heat transferring contact is obtained.
The object of the present invention is to introduce a novel cooling element. In particular, the object of the invention is to introduce a durable cooling element that, apart from cooling, also supports the linings on the reactor wall and improves gas circulation in the reactor. Fl 109233 teaches a cooling element particularly for such furnaces where a corrosion-resistant surface layer is formed on the element surface by a diffusion joint, which corrosion-resistant surface is made of steel.
The invention is characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing parts of the independent claims. Other preferred embodiments of the invention are characterized by what is set forth in the rest of the claims.
Remarkable advantages are achieved by the arrangement according to the invention. When a shoulder is connected to the cooled housing of the cooling element, the internal gas circulation in the reactor, such as a furnace, is essentially improved by this structure; in addition, the cooling element at the same time supports and cools the lining of the reactor wall. When the cooling element is arranged essentially underneath the reactor wall lining, the housing and the shoulder support the wall lining. If a shoulder is arranged in the cooling element only at the top edge of the housing, and not along the whole height of the housing, more room is left in the reactor to be utilized in the width direction thereof, i.e. in principle the reactor diameter is extended. Advantageously there is reached the necessary cooling effect for the cooling element. Owing to its shape, the shoulder turns the direction of the gas circulation preferably away from the wall lining, which means that its corroding effects in the lining are reduced. When the total thickness of the shoulder and the housing is equal to the thickness of the lining provided above, the cooling element supports the lining in a better way. By forming a metallurgical joint between the shoulder and the housing, a good heat transfer is achieved between the different elements. According to the invention, the metallurgical joint is made as a diffusion joint, by which an extremely wear- resistant and long-lasting joint is created between the shoulder and the housing, said joint being well resistant to the demanding process conditions in the pyrometallurgical reactor. In addition, the joint between the shoulder and the housing can be reinforced with welding the shoulder at its edge to the housing. The method according to the invention is a fast, easy and low-cost way to interconnect elements made of copper or copper alloy, for example in comparison with a situation where the shoulder would be made in the housing by forging. The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the appended drawings.
Figure 1 A cooling element according to the invention
Figure 2 A cooling element according to the invention
Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a cooling element 1 according to the invention, to be employed in the structure of a pyrometallurgical reactor, such as a furnace, used in metal processes, said cooling element comprising a housing 2 made of copper or copper alloy, provided with a channel system 3 for the cooling agent circulation. The cooling element 1 illustrated in figures 1 and 2 is an element used in a furnace. Figure 2 shows the embodiment of figure 1 , viewed in the direction A. According to the invention a shoulder 6, made of copper or copper alloy is joined to the housing 2 and arranged essentially underneath the lining 5 of the reactor wall 4, so that a metallurgical joint is created in the junction 7 between the housing 2 and the shoulder 6. According to the invention, the shoulder 6 is formed in connection with the cooled housing 2 of the cooling element 1 , so that the shoulder 6 guides the gas circulation in the reactor, as well as supports and cools the lining 5 of the reactor wall 4. The housing 2 according to the invention, made of copper or copper alloy, is formed for instance by casting a plate billet that is rolled when necessary. A channel system 3 for the cooling agent circulation is arranged in the plate billet for example by drilling or by some other known means. The channel system 3 is connected to a channel 12 for feeding the cooling agent to the channel system. The shoulder 6 is produced by forming an object of copper or copper alloy for example by casting or rolling.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the metallurgical joint between the housing and the shoulder is made as a diffusion joint. In that case the formation of the joint takes place as a result from a molten and solid substance diffusion and the successive phase change reactions, when the housing 2 and the shoulder 6 are pressed together, and the junction area 7 is heated at least in one step. In the junction area 7 between the housing 2 and the shoulder 6, there is fed soldering agent containing at least silver, copper or tin. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the soldering agent arranged between the housing 2 and the shoulder 6 is essentially a thin silver film. The silver film can also be tin- coated. Typically the creation of the joint requires a temperature of about 600 - 800 degrees, and the thickness of the junction is of the order of tens of micrometers.
According to the invention, the shoulder 6 is advantageously beveled at the bottom edge 8, so that the shoulder is thicker on the side of the housing 2. Thus the reactor gas circulations proceed in the direction of the arrow marked in the drawing, i.e. advantageously away from the reactor wall linings. The shoulder is arranged at the top edge of the housing 2, i.e. at that edge that is located upper in the reactor. The shoulder extends essentially along the whole width of the top edge 9 of the housing, and only along part of the height of the housing. The depth 10 of the shoulder 6 according to the invention is advantageously 130 - 180 millimeters. The total thickness 11 of the shoulder 6 and the housing 2 is at least as large as the thickness of the lining 5 of the wall above. Now the cooling element 1 preferably supports the wall lining 5 located above it. The shoulder 6 may also be provided with cooling agent circulation, which means that the cooling effect of the cooling element is increased. According to the example, the shoulder 6 is located in the reactor on that side of the housing element that is in contact with the melt. A shoulder according to the invention could also be located on that side of the housing element that is in contact with the wall.
For a man skilled in the art it is obvious that the various different embodiments of the invention are not restricted to the examples presented above, but may vary within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cooling element (1) to be used in the structure of a pyrometallurgical reactor, such as a furnace, employed in metal processes, said cooling element comprising a housing (2) made of copper or copper alloy, provided with a channel system (3) for the cooling agent circulation, characterized in that a shoulder (6) made of copper or copper alloy is joined to the housing (2) and arranged, essentially underneath the lining (5) of the reactor wall (4), so that a metallurgical joint is created at the junction (7) between the housing and the shoulder.
2. A cooling element according to claim 1 , characterized in that the shoulder (6) is advantageously beveled at the bottom edge (8), so that the shoulder is thicker on the side of the housing (2).
3. A cooling element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shoulder is arranged at the top edge of the housing (2).
4. A cooling element according to claim 1 - 3, characterized in that the shoulder (6) extends essentially along the whole width (9) of the top edge of the housing (2), and only along part of the housing height.
5. A cooling element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the depth (10) of the shoulder is advantageously 130 - 180 millimeters.
6. A cooling element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the total thickness (11) of the shoulder (6) and the housing (2) is at least as large as the thickness of the lining (5) of the wall above it.
7. A cooling element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shoulder (6) is provided with cooling agent circulation.
8. A cooling element according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shoulder (6) is arranged on that side of the housing element that is in contact with the melt.
9. A cooling element according to claim 1 - 7, characterized in that the shoulder (6) is located on that side of the housing element that is in contact with the wall (4).
10. A method for manufacturing a cooling element employed in a pyrometallurgical reactor, such as a furnace, used in metal processes, said cooling element comprising a housing (2) made of copper or copper alloy and provided with a channel system (3) for the cooling agent circulation, characterized in that to the housing (2) there is connected a shoulder (6) made of copper or copper alloy and arranged, essentially underneath the lining (5) of the reactor wall (4), so that a metallurgical joint is created at the junction (7) between the housing and the shoulder.
11. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that the housing (2) and the shoulder (6) are interconnected by a diffusion joint.
12. A method according to claim 10 or 11 , characterized in that between the housing (2) and the shoulder (6), there is fed soldering agent, and that the junction area is heated at least in one step.
13.A method according to claim 12, characterized in that the soldering agent contains at least silver, copper or tin.
14. A method according to claim 10 - 13, characterized in that the employed soldering agent is silver film.
PCT/FI2004/000354 2003-06-12 2004-06-10 Cooling element and method of manufacturing a cooling element Ceased WO2004111275A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112004000914T DE112004000914T5 (en) 2003-06-12 2004-06-10 Cooling element and method for producing a cooling element

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20030882 2003-06-12
FI20030882A FI116317B (en) 2003-06-12 2003-06-12 Cooling element and process for producing a cooling element

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004111275A1 true WO2004111275A1 (en) 2004-12-23

Family

ID=8566245

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2004/000354 Ceased WO2004111275A1 (en) 2003-06-12 2004-06-10 Cooling element and method of manufacturing a cooling element

Country Status (8)

Country Link
KR (1) KR20060039858A (en)
CN (1) CN100357455C (en)
AR (1) AR044654A1 (en)
CL (1) CL2004001385A1 (en)
DE (1) DE112004000914T5 (en)
FI (1) FI116317B (en)
PE (1) PE20050002A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004111275A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI121429B (en) * 2005-11-30 2010-11-15 Outotec Oyj Heat sink and method for making the heat sink

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3881860A (en) * 1972-12-19 1975-05-06 Jan Hendrik Brandenburg Cooled shaft-furnace and stave-cooler to be used therefor
US4157815A (en) * 1978-04-28 1979-06-12 Inland Steel Company Furnace bottom construction with seal
SU1035069A1 (en) * 1978-01-20 1983-08-15 Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский И Проектный Институт По Очистке Технологических Газов,Сточных Вод И Использованию Вторичных Энергоресурсов Предприятий Черной Металлургии Cooler for metallurgical furnaces
US4437651A (en) * 1980-11-07 1984-03-20 Union Siderurgique Du Nord Et De L'est De La France Cooling plate for blast-furnaces
US5676908A (en) * 1995-02-07 1997-10-14 Man Gutenoffungshutte Aktiengesellschaft Plate for cooling shaft furnaces
WO2001063192A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-30 Outokumpu Oyj Cooling element and method for manufacturing cooling elements
WO2002037044A1 (en) * 2000-11-01 2002-05-10 Outokumpu Oyj Cooling element

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2215492Y (en) * 1994-06-28 1995-12-20 冶金工业部重庆钢铁设计研究院 Convex platform inclined cooling wall

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3881860A (en) * 1972-12-19 1975-05-06 Jan Hendrik Brandenburg Cooled shaft-furnace and stave-cooler to be used therefor
SU1035069A1 (en) * 1978-01-20 1983-08-15 Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский И Проектный Институт По Очистке Технологических Газов,Сточных Вод И Использованию Вторичных Энергоресурсов Предприятий Черной Металлургии Cooler for metallurgical furnaces
US4157815A (en) * 1978-04-28 1979-06-12 Inland Steel Company Furnace bottom construction with seal
US4437651A (en) * 1980-11-07 1984-03-20 Union Siderurgique Du Nord Et De L'est De La France Cooling plate for blast-furnaces
US5676908A (en) * 1995-02-07 1997-10-14 Man Gutenoffungshutte Aktiengesellschaft Plate for cooling shaft furnaces
WO2001063192A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-30 Outokumpu Oyj Cooling element and method for manufacturing cooling elements
WO2002037044A1 (en) * 2000-11-01 2002-05-10 Outokumpu Oyj Cooling element

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 198420, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1984-125381, XP002981480 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CL2004001385A1 (en) 2005-05-13
PE20050002A1 (en) 2005-03-08
KR20060039858A (en) 2006-05-09
FI116317B (en) 2005-10-31
FI20030882L (en) 2004-12-13
FI20030882A0 (en) 2003-06-12
DE112004000914T5 (en) 2006-05-11
CN100357455C (en) 2007-12-26
CN1806056A (en) 2006-07-19
AR044654A1 (en) 2005-09-21

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