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WO2004039230A1 - Mobile biological toilet - Google Patents

Mobile biological toilet Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004039230A1
WO2004039230A1 PCT/GR2003/000050 GR0300050W WO2004039230A1 WO 2004039230 A1 WO2004039230 A1 WO 2004039230A1 GR 0300050 W GR0300050 W GR 0300050W WO 2004039230 A1 WO2004039230 A1 WO 2004039230A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
toilet
wastes
fact
mobile biological
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GR2003/000050
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Theodoros Apoussidis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU2003271990A priority Critical patent/AU2003271990A1/en
Priority to EP20030753830 priority patent/EP1567038A1/en
Publication of WO2004039230A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004039230A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
    • A47K11/02—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C05F3/04—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure from human faecal masses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

Definitions

  • the invention refers to a mobile biological toilet unit, figure 1, which processes human wastes biologically, functions without water, electricity, or sewerage, utilises atmospheric oxygen and solar energy (heat and radiation), and can be transported to a different location at any time, using a trailer or truck.
  • the mobile toilets available today are either of the chemical variety, which require continuous cleaning and which also pollute the environment, or of the. biological- variety, which are either limited to very few daily uses, or are -comr-d ated thek ⁇ or are not practical in their maintenance. '
  • the toilet unit consists of the septic tank for collection of the wastes (1), the ventilation - evaporation system (2), th ⁇ cabin (3), and the water tank (4).
  • the wastes initially fall through the toilet hole (la) onto a metal surface (lb).
  • a swab (lc) moves back and forth over this m ⁇ tal surface with the movement of the door of the cabin (3).
  • the swab, figure 3 and 4 cleans the surface (lb), so that the next user will not have visual contact with the- wastes; in other words, it replaces the flush of a conventional toilet.
  • FIG. 5 shows the lid of the tank (1), which is the same surface as the floor of the cabin (3), where the toilet hole (la) and the lid (If) for the removal of solids can be. discerned.
  • the processing of the waste requires oxygen, heat and humidity.
  • the oxygen is transported to the interior of the tank with the aid of two fans, figure 2, which operate with air currents (2a), and two other fans, which operate with solar energy (2b) (solar fans), which store energy during the day and operate at night as well.
  • These fans are placed on pipes, which end in the tank (1), and they create a steady air current from the cabin through the toilet hole(la) towards the tank (1) and from there through the pipes out to the atmosphere.
  • FIG 2 The arrows in figure 2 show the direction of the air current.
  • figure 6 we-see-a-ground-plan of the toilet, where we can distinguish the fans (2a) that operate with air currents, and the fans (2b) that operate with solar radiation.
  • the continuous air current evaporates the water in the septic tank, thus reducing the volume of the wastes.
  • the sun heats up thepip ⁇ s of the fans and the septic tank (1), figure 2, thus accelerating the oxidation of the wastes, as well as the evaporation of water, and boosting the air current.
  • the toilet unit can be supplied with warm air from an appliance that operates with solar radiation, a solar panel that can heat the air (2c) and pressurise it into the tank. In these areas, antifreeze liquid is addedinto the tank to avoid freezing.
  • the cabin (3), figure L, of the toiletis placed-over the septic tank which can have various shapes, allowing for different requirements of space and aesthetics.
  • a water tank (4) is placed for hand washing if that is necessary.
  • This toilet can be easily converted into a conventional one.
  • the toilet is connected to a power current network, the fans are replaced by electri ⁇ ones, heating-is acAievedwith an electric resistance (lg), at point (3 c) the toilet is connected to a water network-and through the sluice valve (le) to a sewerage network.
  • the toilet now functions as a normal, conventional toilet. Hcan-also be-easily convertedinto a chemical toilet. Disinfecting and cleaning chemical fluids can be placed in the wa,ter tank (4), figures 1 and 4, and by using a flush the toilet can be flushed clean after every use. These chemical fluids are collected in the septic tank (1), figure 2, from where they should be transferred to a biological sewage processing installation for processing.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
  • Vehicle Waterproofing, Decoration, And Sanitation Devices (AREA)
  • Non-Flushing Toilets (AREA)

Abstract

The mobile biological toilet unit consists of the septic tank for the collection of wastes (1), the cleaning swab (1c), the grid for the separation of liquid and solid wastes (1 d), and the ventilation and water evaporation system (2a), (2b) and (2c), which transports oxygen from the environment into the tank and from there back to the atmosphere, thus rendering the toilet odourless, as well as diminishing the volume of the wastes. It can be easily converted into a chemical toilet, with the use of cleaning and disinfecting fluids, and into a conventional toilet, by connecting it to water, electrical power, and sewerage networks, and it can be transported to any location by trailer or truck. It utilises well-grounded straw (lh), figure 7, for the binding of liquids and the neutralisation of odours when it is constantly being moved. With the addition of antifreeze fluid into the septic tank (1), it can be used in areas with low temperatures.

Description

MOBILE BIOLOGICAL TOILET
The invention refers to a mobile biological toilet unit, figure 1, which processes human wastes biologically, functions without water, electricity, or sewerage, utilises atmospheric oxygen and solar energy (heat and radiation), and can be transported to a different location at any time, using a trailer or truck.
The mobile toilets available today are either of the chemical variety, which require continuous cleaning and which also pollute the environment, or of the. biological- variety, which are either limited to very few daily uses, or are -comr-d ated thek^ or are not practical in their maintenance. '
The mobile biological toilet comes to solve all these problems. As can be seen in figure 1, the toilet unit consists of the septic tank for collection of the wastes (1), the ventilation - evaporation system (2), th^ cabin (3), and the water tank (4). In the septic tank for collection of the wastes (1), in figure 2, the wastes initially fall through the toilet hole (la) onto a metal surface (lb). A swab (lc) moves back and forth over this mφtal surface with the movement of the door of the cabin (3). With each opening/| closing of the door, the swab, figure 3 and 4, cleans the surface (lb), so that the next user will not have visual contact with the- wastes; in other words, it replaces the flush of a conventional toilet. This swab pushes the wastes over a .grid, (Id), which separates solids from liquids, which end up at the bottom of the tank (1). The solids remain on the grid. The tank is equipped with a sluice valve (le) for the removal of liquids,- and with aJid-(lf) for the removal of solids from the grid (Id); this renders the maintenance, cleaning, and disinfecting of the toilet a simple and speedy process. Figure 5 shows the lid of the tank (1), which is the same surface as the floor of the cabin (3), where the toilet hole (la) and the lid (If) for the removal of solids can be. discerned.
The processing of the waste requires oxygen, heat and humidity. The oxygen is transported to the interior of the tank with the aid of two fans, figure 2, which operate with air currents (2a), and two other fans, which operate with solar energy (2b) (solar fans), which store energy during the day and operate at night as well. These fans are placed on pipes, which end in the tank (1), and they create a steady air current from the cabin through the toilet hole(la) towards the tank (1) and from there through the pipes out to the atmosphere.
They provide abundant oxygen to the wastes, they do not permit the return of noxious vapours into the cabin, and they render the toilet odourless.
The arrows in figure 2 show the direction of the air current. In figure 6, we-see-a-ground-plan of the toilet, where we can distinguish the fans (2a) that operate with air currents, and the fans (2b) that operate with solar radiation. At the same time, the continuous air current evaporates the water in the septic tank, thus reducing the volume of the wastes.
Taking into account that 95% of human wastes is water, it is easy to on-pr-shend thattto uses. The introduction of oxygen commences the process of oxidation of the wastes, a fermentation that increases the temperature of the tank by 10 degrees Celsius in relation to its surrounding environment, a fact that boosts the air current towards the atmosphere.
At the same time, the sun heats up thepipςs of the fans and the septic tank (1), figure 2, thus accelerating the oxidation of the wastes, as well as the evaporation of water, and boosting the air current.
In addition, two more fans (2a), which operate with air currents, are placed in the toilet; the pipes of these fans penetrate intoj the septic tank (1) at a distance of 5 centimetres from its bottom, so that after the first few uses the embouchures of the pipes are covered by the liquids and by creating underpressure they evaporate the water. In areas where low temperatures prevail, the toilet unit can be supplied with warm air from an appliance that operates with solar radiation, a solar panel that can heat the air (2c) and pressurise it into the tank. In these areas, antifreeze liquid is addedinto the tank to avoid freezing.
The cabin (3), figure L, of the toiletis placed-over the septic tank, which can have various shapes, allowing for different requirements of space and aesthetics.
On the roof of the cabin- figures 1 and4, a water tank (4) is placed for hand washing if that is necessary.
This toilet can be easily converted into a conventional one. At point (3a), figure 2, the toilet is connected to a power current network, the fans are replaced by electriαones, heating-is acAievedwith an electric resistance (lg), at point (3 c) the toilet is connected to a water network-and through the sluice valve (le) to a sewerage network. 1
The toilet now functions as a normal, conventional toilet. Hcan-also be-easily convertedinto a chemical toilet. Disinfecting and cleaning chemical fluids can be placed in the wa,ter tank (4), figures 1 and 4, and by using a flush the toilet can be flushed clean after every use. These chemical fluids are collected in the septic tank (1), figure 2, from where they should be transferred to a biological sewage processing installation for processing.
Straw that has been well-ground, so that its external rind is broken, has the property to bind liquid wastes, the ammonia and hydrogen sulphide combinations that are the main cause of odours. These properties can be utilised by the mobile biological toilet unit. In the septic tank (1), figure 8, below the grid, is placed the straw (lh), on which the liquid wastes land. These are then processed by the straw, with the aid of atmospheric air. The use of straw is particularly practical especially when the toilet is in continuous movement, for example on a trailer, a truck, or a boat, because it helps avoid the undulation of the liquid wastes. For practical reasons, the straw is placed in a porous plastic bag, which has the shape and dimensions of the septic tank, in order to absorb the liquids easily and to facilitate its removal dυringihe .cleaning of ihe -toilet.

Claims

1. The mobile biological toilet consists of aseptic tank for waste collection (1), the ventilation and liquid evaporation system (2), the cabin (3), and the water tank (4), and it is characterised by the fact that it! processes wastes biologically, it diminishes their volume by evaporating their water content because it is equipped with the ventilation and evaporation system (2a), (2b), with the warm air supply appliance (2c), with he grid for separating solid and liquid wastes (Id), and with the cleaning swab|(lc); it makes use of straw for the binding of liquids and the neutralisation of odours; it can be washed, disinfected, andtransportedto any location by truck or trailer, and it can be converted by choice .and depending .on needs into either a conventional or a chemical toilet. '
2. The mobile biological toilet, according to claim 1, is characterised by the fact that it is equipped with fans that operate with air currents (2a), (2b), and fans that operate with solar energy (2c),)which evaporate the water contained in the wastes, thus diminishing- the volume of the wastes and rendering the toilet odourless.
3. The mobile biological toilet, according to claim 1, is characterised by the fact that it is equipped with a cleaning swab (lc), which operates with the opening/closing of th toiletdoor, replacing- tjie flush of a conventional toilet, and which moves back and forth over the surface (lb) where the wastes fall.
4. The mobile biological toilet, according to claim 1, is characterised by the factmatitis equippedwith a-grid(lb) that separates the solid and liquid wastes, and which contributes to the speedy processing of the wastes.
5. The mobile biological toilet, according to claim 1, is characterised by the fact that it is equipped with a lid (If) for the septic tank (1), for the removal of solidwastes, anda- sluice valve (le) for the removal of liquid wastes, both of which render the cleaning and disinfecting of the toilet very simple.
6. The mobile biological toilet, according to claim 1, is characterised by the fact that it can be connected to a sewerage network through sluice valve la, to a- water network through point (3g), and to a power current network through point (3a), and thus be converted into a conventional toilet.
7. The mobile biological toilet, according to claim 1, is characterised by the fact that with the addition of antifreeze liquid in the tank and the warm air supply appliance (Id), it can be used in areas where low temperatures prevail.
8. The mobile biological toilet, according to claim 1, is characterised by the fact that by using cleaning and disinfecting fluids, which are placed in the water tank (4), it can be converted into a chemical toilet.
9. The mobile biological toilet, according to claim 1, is characterised by the fact that it utilises well-grounded straw (lh) for the neutralisation of odours, - n J9r- 3_e4-ttαdi;og and processing of liquid wastes.
PCT/GR2003/000050 2002-10-31 2003-10-23 Mobile biological toilet Ceased WO2004039230A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003271990A AU2003271990A1 (en) 2002-10-31 2003-10-23 Mobile biological toilet
EP20030753830 EP1567038A1 (en) 2002-10-31 2003-10-23 Mobile biological toilet

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GR20020100472 2002-10-31
GR2002100472A GR1004242B (en) 2002-10-31 2002-10-31 Transportable biological toilet.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004039230A1 true WO2004039230A1 (en) 2004-05-13

Family

ID=29559947

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GR2003/000050 Ceased WO2004039230A1 (en) 2002-10-31 2003-10-23 Mobile biological toilet

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1567038A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003271990A1 (en)
GR (1) GR1004242B (en)
WO (1) WO2004039230A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR1009192B (en) * 2016-11-09 2018-01-11 Θεοδωρος Μενανδρου Απουσιδης Conversion of chemical toilets and moving urinals into odorless and ecological ones

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4254515A (en) * 1978-11-21 1981-03-10 Torao Kiyama Compost-type toilet equipment
DE3237866A1 (en) * 1982-09-20 1984-03-22 Geberit AG, 8645 Jona, St.Gallen DRY TOILET
US5192428A (en) * 1991-04-18 1993-03-09 Clivus Multrum, Inc. Portable system for treating human waste

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4254515A (en) * 1978-11-21 1981-03-10 Torao Kiyama Compost-type toilet equipment
DE3237866A1 (en) * 1982-09-20 1984-03-22 Geberit AG, 8645 Jona, St.Gallen DRY TOILET
US5192428A (en) * 1991-04-18 1993-03-09 Clivus Multrum, Inc. Portable system for treating human waste

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003271990A1 (en) 2004-05-25
EP1567038A1 (en) 2005-08-31
GR1004242B (en) 2003-05-15

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