WO2004035829A1 - 遺伝子検出用プローブと電気化学的遺伝子検出方法 - Google Patents
遺伝子検出用プローブと電気化学的遺伝子検出方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004035829A1 WO2004035829A1 PCT/JP2003/013176 JP0313176W WO2004035829A1 WO 2004035829 A1 WO2004035829 A1 WO 2004035829A1 JP 0313176 W JP0313176 W JP 0313176W WO 2004035829 A1 WO2004035829 A1 WO 2004035829A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
- C12Q1/6816—Hybridisation assays characterised by the detection means
- C12Q1/6825—Nucleic acid detection involving sensors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hairpin probe capable of electrochemically detecting a nucleic acid, a target gene detection chip having the probe immobilized thereon, and a method for electrochemically detecting a nucleic acid using the same.
- electrochemical detection has come to be used as a detection means instead of fluorescence measurement.
- the method disclosed in the specification of Japanese Patent No. 25733443 uses a nucleic acid probe immobilized on the surface of an electrode, and specifically binds to a double-stranded nucleic acid and electrochemically It is characterized by adding an active double-stranded recognizer (intercalating agent) to the reaction system, and measures the redox current derived from the intercalating agent bound to the double-stranded nucleic acid consisting of the nucleic acid probe and the target gene. is there.
- the present invention is a simple and convenient method that does not require a special procedure (labeling of a nucleic acid to be tested, addition of an intercalating agent, addition of an enzyme, etc.) besides adding a nucleic acid to be tested to a probe for gene detection immobilized on an electrode. Another object is to provide a method with a good S / N ratio. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method in which a plurality of types of gene detection probes are immobilized on a single electrode, and which can simultaneously detect these target genes.
- a change from a hairpin structure (closed structure) to a double-stranded structure (open structure) accompanying recognition of a target gene was positively utilized. That is, a DNA molecule containing an inverted repeat sequence complementary to each other in the molecule and a recognition sequence of a target gene sandwiched between these sequences was used. In the absence of the target gene, the DNA molecule forms a stable intramolecular double strand by complementary inverted repeats, and the whole molecule has a hairpin-like closed structure. When the target gene is present, the target gene is recognized by the recognition sequence located in the loop in the hairpin structure, and forms a double strand with each other, resulting in an open structure. In this process, the higher-order structure of the DNA molecule is greatly changed from a single molecule in a hairpin state to a double strand with the target gene (hairpin collapse).
- a redox unit was bound to one end of the DNA molecule to develop a system for detecting the above-mentioned collapse state of the hairpin using an electrochemical reaction.
- a probe consisting of a single-stranded nucleic acid having the above hairpin structure
- a redox unit is bonded to one end, and the other end is fixed to an electrode.
- the hairpin structure is disrupted, and the electrochemical reaction on the electrode is stopped. The system changes.
- This change is due to the fact that the probe immobilized on the electrode takes on a hairpin structure in the absence of the target gene, so the redox unit attached to the end is close to the electrode surface, but the target gene When a double strand is formed by recognizing this, it is considered that the hairpin structure is opened and the redox unit is caused to move away from the electrode surface.
- This change can be measured as a change in an electric signal such as a current to confirm the presence of the target gene.
- the present invention was completed by developing a method for changing the electric response derived from the unit.
- the present invention is as follows.
- a probe for detecting a target gene comprising: a linear molecule comprising a recognition sequence capable of recognizing a target gene, and comprising at least one of a nucleic acid and a nucleic acid analog; and a redox unit.
- the single-stranded loop forms a hairpin structure closed by the double-stranded stem, and the detection sequence indicating the presence of the target gene and the recognition sequence Form a double strand, the hairpin structure is opened, and a portion of the probe has a sequence necessary for forming a double-stranded portion with the sequence to be detected, and
- the probe for detecting a target gene wherein the redox unit is bound to one of two adjacent chains other than the single-stranded loop when the hairpin structure is formed.
- a sequence capable of forming the hairpin structure is a target gene recognition sequence comprising two inverted repeat sequences complementary to each other and a sequence complementary to the sequence to be detected provided between these repeat sequences.
- the probe for detecting a target gene according to the above (1) comprising: (3) The probe for detecting a target gene according to the above (1) or (2), wherein at least a part of the single-stranded molecule is DNA or RNA.
- redox unit is a quinone compound, a meta-mouth compound, a flavin compound, a porphyrin compound, a metal or a metal compound. probe.
- a chip for detecting a target gene comprising: a carrier having an electrode surface; and a probe for detecting a target gene according to any one of the above (1) to (6) bound to the electrode surface.
- the terminal region of the chain other than the single-stranded loop, to which the reducing unit is not bonded, of the two bonded or adjacent chains is bonded to the electrode.
- a chip for detecting a target gene comprising:
- a plurality of different probes capable of specifying each of a plurality of different target genes are fixed to the electrode surface for each probe, and the redox properties of the electrical response differ for each of the plurality of target genes.
- a sample and the probe are combined by hybridization of the probe and the sequence to be detected when the sample contains the sequence to be detected. Reacting under conditions that allow the hairpin structure of the probe to open and convert to a single strand,
- a method for detecting a target gene comprising:
- the probe and the detected Forming a double strand by hybridization with the sequence and reacting under conditions that allow the hairpin structure of the probe to be opened and converted to a single strand having no double-stranded portion;
- a method for simultaneous detection of a plurality of target genes comprising:
- the above-mentioned hybridization state usually indicates whether the hairpin structure is broken due to the formation of a double strand or the hairpin structure remains.
- the target gene can be easily and rapidly obtained without any special operation other than preparing the nucleic acid to be a sample. It becomes possible to detect.
- the SZN ratio of detection is large, and a highly reliable detection result is provided. be able to. Therefore, it is effective for detecting a small amount of gene, detecting SNP, and the like.
- redox units having different electrical responsiveness for each probe having a different target gene
- the method of the present invention does not require any special treatment except for modifying the end of a DNA molecule capable of forming a hairpin structure with a redox unit, and is extremely simple. By setting the conditions for hybridization between the probe and the target gene, it becomes possible to detect a slight sequence difference or the like of the target gene with high sensitivity.
- redox unit can be changed depending on the type of the sequence
- a plurality of target genes can be immobilized on a single electrode by immobilizing probes having various sequences linked to units having different redox potentials. Can be easily detected.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical gene detection probe according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a flow of typical gene detection in the present invention.
- Figure 3 shows a single-electrode / multiple-detection type D using the gene detection probe of the present invention.
- Probe 1 has redox unit 1 and probe 2 has redox unit 2.
- FIG. 4 is a synthesis flow chart of an anthraquinone-modified peridine nucleotide.
- FIG. 5 shows a differential pulse portamogram when ODN 2 (WT) is used as a sample (in the case where a sequence completely matches the recognition sequence of the target gene of ODN 1).
- Figure 6 shows the differential when ODN 3 (G178MU) was used as the sample.
- 5 shows a lupulse portamogram (in the case of a sequence that does not match the recognition sequence of the target gene of ODN1).
- FIG. 7 shows a differential pulse voltammogram when ODN4 (F508) is used as a sample (in the case of a sequence that does not match the recognition sequence of the target gene of ODN1).
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing relative amounts of current in differential pulse portography for three samples of WT, G178MU, and F508.
- FIG. 9 is a graph in which the peak current values in differential pulse portamography for the three samples WT, G178MU, and F508 are made relative.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the production process of ODN 5, where DMS O represents dimethyl sulfoxide and DTT represents dithiothreitol.
- FIG. 11 shows the DPV results when ODN 2 (WT) was used as a sample using the probe DN5.
- FIG. 12 shows the DPV results when the probe ODN5 was used and ODN3 (G178MU) was used as the sample.
- FIG. 13 shows the DPV results when the probe ODN5 was used and the sample was ODN4 (F508).
- Figure 14 shows the results of calculating the SZN ratio.
- FIG. 15 shows the result of the current value when 10 cycles were repeated in Example 4.
- the “probe for detecting a target gene” in the present invention is to detect the presence of a nucleic acid molecule having a sequence for specifying a target gene to be detected in a sample, based on a hybridization reaction.
- Molecule for The probe for gene detection according to the present invention may be a linear molecule containing a redox unit.
- a single hair has a closed hairpin structure consisting of a double-stranded stem and a single-stranded loop, but in the presence of a target gene, it forms an open structure by forming a double-stranded structure with the target gene. It has sequence characteristics. Examples of the structure capable of forming such a hairpin structure include those having, in the molecule, an inverted repeat sequence complementary to each other, and a sequence capable of recognizing a target gene between the repeat sequences. be able to.
- Linear molecules include nucleic acids such as oligonucleotides (DNA or RNA), nucleic acid analogs composed of chemically modified nucleotide units (modified nucleic acids), and so-called DNA and RNA
- nucleic acids such as oligonucleotides (DNA or RNA)
- nucleic acid analogs composed of chemically modified nucleotide units (modified nucleic acids)
- DNA and RNA DNA and RNA
- PNA peptide nucleic acids
- the linear nucleic acid can be synthesized by, for example, a DNA synthesizer or the like, and if necessary, the synthesized nucleic acid may be amplified by PCR. Molecules similar to linear nucleic acids can also be prepared in a manner known per se.
- double-stranded stem refers to a double-stranded molecule formed in a molecule
- single-stranded loop refers to a portion of a single-stranded loop that forms a loop with the formation of a double-stranded stem.
- “Closed structure” refers to a hairpin-like structure consisting of a double-stranded stem and a single-stranded loop
- “open structure” refers to a state in which the double-stranded stem is dissociated.
- Single-stranded loops do not necessarily have to be loop-shaped and can take on random structures, but do not contribute to the stabilization of “closed structures”.
- “Complementary inverted repeat sequence” refers to any sequence that is capable of forming a stable duplex within a molecule by Watson-Crick base pairing and is unrelated to the target gene. It is preferably a sequence set, and the repeating unit is preferably 3 bases or more, and more preferably 5 to 8 bases in length. In some applications, a longer repeating unit is suitable. In addition, it is preferable that the repeating units are arranged at both ends or near the ends of the probe molecule for gene detection.
- the “recognition sequence capable of recognizing the target gene” or the recognition sequence of the target gene refers to a sequence complementary to the sequence to be detected (base sequence) that specifies the gene to be detected.
- a preferred length range is 7 to 40 bases.
- the recognition sequence of the target gene is placed between each repeating unit of the complementary inverted repeat sequence. From the characteristics of such a sequence, the probe for detecting a gene of the present invention can be used in the case where the target gene does not exist or the conditions for hybridization with the target gene are not sufficient. It forms a closed molecular structure consisting of a double-stranded stem structure formed by hybridization of the sequences to each other and a single-stranded loop structure consisting of the target gene recognition sequence.
- the sequence capable of recognizing the target gene is preferably located in a single-stranded loop structure, and a part or all of one or both of the above-described repetitive sequences (portions constituting the stem) can recognize the target gene. May be included in part of the array.
- the detected sequence that specifies the target gene is a sequence that includes a molecule that is actually used in a hybridization reaction with a probe.
- the target sequence may be the target gene itself to be detected, or may be a complementary sequence of a part of the target gene that is unique to the target gene.
- Such a partial sequence may be a fragment directly obtained from the isolated gene, or may be a fragment synthesized based on a partial sequence selected from the base sequence of the target gene.
- Such a structure consisting of a double-stranded stem structure and a single-stranded loop is generally called a hairpin structure, but its stability is related to the formation of an intramolecular double strand when the probe molecule is DNA or RNA.
- the type and length of the complementary repeat sequence it is affected by the temperature and salt concentration of the buffer in which the probe exists.
- the Tm value related to intramolecular duplex formation is estimated to be about 54 in a buffer containing 50 mM NaCl based on the measured value.
- the Tm value in the formation of a double strand between the probe molecule and the target gene the same as the Tm value in the formation of the double strand in the probe molecule? It is preferable to set more.
- the preferred length of the recognition sequence of the target gene is 15 to 18 mer, but shorter or longer ones can be used depending on the purpose.
- the reaction between the sample and the probe is performed under the condition that the hairpin structure is maintained by the probe alone and the hairpin structure is eliminated when the molecule having the sequence to be detected and the probe are hybridized.
- the probe molecule is DNA or RNA, it will affect hybridization. Since the duplex is stabilized by the presence of the cation, the Tm value generally increases at high ionic strength. On the other hand, when the probe molecule is composed of peptide nucleic acid, the effect of ionic strength is reduced.
- sequence information such as the base sequence of the target gene itself or the consensus sequence of the gene family to which the target gene belongs is required.
- the complementary inverted repeat sequence can be arbitrarily set regardless of the target gene.
- sequences that contribute to the formation of a stable hairpin structure That the sequence is not complementary to the recognition sequence of the target gene, and that the Tm value for intramolecular double strand formation is the same as the Tm value for duplex formation with the target gene.
- a sequence giving a lower value, but depending on the purpose, part or all of one or both of the repetitive sequences may be included in a part of the target gene recognition sequence. .
- primer design programs can calculate the complexity of intramolecular double-strand formation and can be used as a guide for sequencing.
- the redox unit is bound to one of the strands constituting the double-stranded stem in a state where the double-stranded stem is formed.
- the two strands constituting the double-stranded stem have an extension from the double-stranded stem on the side opposite to the single-stranded loop of the double-stranded stem, one of the extensions is a redox unit. May be combined.
- the redox unit is preferably included in any of the following a) and b) positions.
- the probe for gene detection of the present invention can take a closed structure consisting of a double-stranded stem and a single-stranded loop by itself, but it can be used as a target sequence under the condition that a target sequence for specifying a target gene exists. It is characterized by having an open structure by forming a double strand. Before and after such recognition of the target gene, the region where the structural change is the largest is the region forming the double-stranded stem.
- the present invention is characterized by utilizing such structural changes as changes in electrical signals. Therefore, the redox unit is preferably contained on one of the strands forming the double-stranded stem in the probe for detecting a gene of the present invention.
- the probe for gene detection of the present invention is arranged on one of the repeating units of the sequence.
- inverted repeat sequences complementary to each other are arranged at both ends of the probe. Therefore, it is more preferable to include a redox unit at either end of the linear nucleic acid constituting the probe or a molecule similar thereto.
- the terminus does not need to be exactly the terminus, and a width of 3 to 5 nucleotides is allowed. That is, the case where a redox unit is bonded to the fifth nucleotide from the terminal of the molecule is also considered to be included in the “terminal”.
- a linker molecule or the like is bound to the end of a linear nucleic acid or a molecule similar to the nucleic acid depending on the purpose, a redox unit may be included in the linker.
- the preferred form in which the redox unit is contained in the probe molecule is a covalent bond to a linear nucleic acid or a molecule similar thereto (nucleic acid analog) directly or via a single linker molecule.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the redox unit to be bound to the probe for gene detection of the present invention is a substance having a redox potential of +1.0 to -1.0 V in a single measurement (measurement in a state not bound to a probe or the like). It is preferable that More preferably, organometallic complexes typified by quinone compounds such as quinone and its derivatives, flavin compounds such as flavin and its derivatives, porphyrin compounds such as porphyrin and its derivatives, and meta-mouth compounds such as fuecopene And those selected from metals and metal compounds.
- the quinone compound include anthraquinone and quinoline quinone having a pyro opening. If necessary, a plurality of redox units may be bound to one probe.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure and a general chemical formula of a typical gene detection probe of the present invention.
- N represents an arbitrary nucleotide
- A represents an adenosine nucleotide
- U represents a peridine nucleotide.
- X represents a redox unit.
- 1 indicates the probe molecule itself, and 2 and 8 indicate complementary inverted repeat sequences.
- 3 is a recognition sequence for the target gene, which forms a single-stranded loop in the formation of a hairpin structure.
- 10 is a molecule consisting of oligonucleotides, while 9 is 6-mercaptohexano 1 shows a linker composed of a plurality of linkers.
- the redox unit shown in Fig. 4 indicates that the redox unit is covalently bonded to the peracyl base of peridine nucleotide.
- the probe molecule (the portion of the probe for gene detection of the present invention that does not contain the redox unit) is composed of DNA or RNA, it can be synthesized using a commercially available DNAZRNA synthesizer. Even in the case of a nucleic acid containing various modified nucleotides similar to DNA or RNA nucleotides, in many cases, it can be synthesized using a commercially available DNAZRNA synthesizer.
- a peptide molecule When a peptide molecule contains a peptide nucleic acid, it can be synthesized by a liquid phase method or a solid phase method as in the case of the peptide, and the synthesized one is commercially available.
- the synthesis method of peptide nucleic acids is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-509063, US Patent No. 2,758,988, PE Nielsen et al., Journal of American Chemical Society, 114, 1895-1987. (1992)> PENielsen et al., Journal of the American Chemical Society, 114, 9677-9678 (1992).
- FIG. 2 illustrates a typical electrochemical gene detection method of the present invention.
- the most preferred form of gene detection in the present invention is a method in which the probe for gene detection of the present invention is immobilized on the surface of an electrode. More preferably, a plurality of types of probe for gene detection are arranged on a carrier or a substrate. The test is performed with the DNA chip fixed to the electrode.
- the probe molecule is bound to the electrode surface of 5 through the 6 thiol group located at the end of a linker composed of 9 6-mercaptohexanols.
- Recognition of target gene 7 opens the hairpin structure and forms a duplex consisting of 7 and 1.
- the redox unit 4 changes the distance from the electrode surface, and the change in the distance is measured as a change in the current value.
- chip for detecting a target nucleic acid refers to a probe for detecting a gene of the present invention comprising a single species or a plurality of species on an electrode surface arranged on a suitable carrier, for example, a substrate or a substrate of various shapes.
- a suitable carrier for example, a substrate or a substrate of various shapes. Fixed type, using multiple types of probes If so, they can be fixed to a single electrode, or they can be fixed to individual electrodes in an orderly arrangement so that the position information of each probe can be traced. .
- the electrical response of the redox unit is changed for each of a plurality of different probes recognizing different target genes. Whether it has hybridized or not can be detected, and the target gene can be identified based on the target sequence and information on the target gene recognition sequence of the hybridized probe. For example, in order to obtain a system capable of detecting the first and second target genes, a first system having a sequence complementary to a nucleic acid molecule having a first sequence to be detected capable of identifying the first target gene is used.
- the change in the electrical response of the redox unit of the first probe enables the detection of the first target gene
- the sample When a nucleic acid molecule having the second sequence to be detected is present therein, a change in the electrical response of the redox unit of the second probe enables detection of the second target gene.
- the probe for gene detection of the present invention is preferably immobilized on the electrode surface by bonding any one of the following c) and d) to the electrode surface.
- the probe for gene detection of the present invention alone has a closed structure consisting of a double-stranded stem portion and a single-stranded loop portion. And a double-stranded structure to form an open structure.
- the DNA chip of the present invention is characterized in that, before and after recognition of a target gene, a gene is detected by reading a change in the distance of the redox unit to the electrode as a current value. Therefore, it is preferable to fix the probe so that the change in the distance is the largest. To this end, one of the two chains constituting the double-stranded stem does not contain the redox unit.
- the terminal of the linear nucleic acid constituting the probe or a molecule similar thereto, which does not contain the redox unit, to the electrode is preferable to fix the terminal of the linear nucleic acid constituting the probe or a molecule similar thereto, which does not contain the redox unit, to the electrode.
- the terminus does not have to be exactly the terminus, and a width of 3 to 5 nucleotides is permissible.
- the linker can be fixed to the electrode surface by bonding.
- immobilization is performed by binding the SH group of 6-mercaptohexanol bound to the 3 'end of the nucleotide chain to the electrode surface.
- the method of immobilizing a plurality of types of probes on a single electrode is a feature of the present invention. This can be achieved by using redox units having different responses.
- the peak of the current value in the hairpin state in differential pulse voltammography Is found around 10.5 V for probe 1 and around +0.3 V for probe 2. Therefore, even if these probes are immobilized on the same electrode, the target gene 1 or target gene 1 can be obtained by reading the peak current value corresponding to each probe without changing the measurement conditions individually.
- the children 2 can be identified and detected from each other.
- Such a single-electrode type / multi-element analysis DNA chip is expected to be able to simplify the structure of the chip, and to reduce the cost of chip production and the cost of measurement.
- Examples of the electrode material used in the electrochemical gene detection method of the present invention include carbon electrodes such as graphite and glassy carbon, noble metal electrodes such as platinum, gold, palladium and rhodium, titanium oxide, tin oxide, and the like.
- Oxide electrodes such as manganese oxide and lead oxide; semiconductor electrodes such as Si, Ge, ZnO, and CdS; and electronic conductors such as titanium can be used, but gold or glassy carbon is used. Is particularly preferred.
- These electron conductors may be covered with a conductive polymer or may be covered with a monomolecular film.
- a hydrophobic or low hydrophilic electric insulating material examples include ceramics such as glass, cement, and ceramics, or new ceramics, and polyethylene terephthalate. , Cellulose acetate, Bisphenol A poly-polyponate, Polystyrene, Polymethyl methacrylate and other polymers, Silicon, Activated carbon, Porous glass, Porous ceramic, Porous silicon, Porous activated carbon, Woven and knitted fabric, Non-woven cloth, Examples thereof include porous materials such as filter paper, short fiber, and membrane filter, and various polymers, glass, and silicon are particularly preferable. This is due to the ease of surface treatment and the ease of analysis by electrochemical methods.
- the thickness of the electrically insulating carrier or substrate is not particularly limited.
- each electrode before it is provided preferably t electrodes disposed on the I sea urchin and regularly carrier or substrate, not in contact with each other, the carrier or substrate
- a layer made of a charged hydrophilic polymer material or a layer made of a crosslinking agent may be provided.
- unevenness of the carrier or the substrate can be reduced.
- Various methods can be used for fixing the probe to the electrode surface, but a method via a covalent bond is preferable.
- An example of such an immobilization method is a method in which the end of the probe is modified with a compound containing a thiol group, for example, 6-mercaptohexanol, and immobilized on the surface of the activated gold electrode by thiol bonding. At the time of such binding, it is possible to interpose a spacer molecule of an appropriate size between the probe molecule and the active group on the electrode surface.
- the fixation of the probe molecules is performed by dropping an aqueous liquid in which the probe molecules are dissolved or dispersed on the electrode surface.
- the aqueous liquid containing the probe molecule may contain an additive for increasing the viscosity of the aqueous liquid.
- Such additives include sucrose, polyethylene glycol, glycerol and the like.
- the probe molecule is fixed by leaving it at a given temperature for several hours. The spotting can be performed by manual operation, but can also be performed using a spotlight provided in a general-purpose DNA chip making apparatus. After spotting, incubation may be performed. After the incubation, it is preferable to wash and remove unfixed probe molecules.
- the DNA chip prepared as described above can be used immediately for a nucleic acid to be tested.
- various genes can be detected by changing the recognition sequence of the target gene in the probe for gene detection.
- a gene detection probe that has a sequence complementary to the base sequence of all or a part of the microorganisms contained in the food is used as a recognition sequence, direct detection of the microorganisms contained in the food is possible. Detection can be performed and food hygiene inspection can be performed. Examples of microorganisms contained in such foods include pathogenic Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella.
- the plant virus W In the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, it can be used to detect pathogenic microorganisms or viruses in crops, livestock animals and fish, and to verify the production areas and brands of agricultural and livestock products. It can also be used to detect genetically modified crops and livestock products.
- a probe that has a recognition sequence complementary to a part of the nucleotide sequence of a plant virus or viroid is used, the plant virus W
- Detection is possible, and infectious disease diagnosis in the agricultural field becomes possible.
- examples of such a plant virus or viroid include tobacco mosaic virus and cauliflower mosaic virus.
- a probe that has a recognition sequence complementary to the base sequence of the whole or a part of the pathogenic microorganism or virus that infects livestock animals or fish is used, the pathogenic microorganism or virus that infects fish can be detected. Detection can be performed, and infectious disease diagnosis in the livestock and fisheries fields becomes possible.
- pathogenic viruses and microorganisms include, for example, hoof disease virus and pathogenic vibrio.
- pathogenic microorganisms or viruses that infect the human body and cause infectious diseases genes that cause genetic diseases, and activated proto-oncogenes.
- a probe that recognizes a sequence complementary to the base sequence of the whole or a part of a pathogenic microorganism or virus that infects the human body and causes infectious diseases, etc. is used as a nucleic acid probe, infectious disease diagnosis can be made Will be possible.
- pathogenic microorganisms that cause infection by infecting the human body include, for example, the pathogenic microorganisms Streptococcus, Mycoplasma, Clostridium, Chlamydia, Salmonella, Herpes simplex, and Cytomegalovirus. Can be.
- the causative gene of such a genetic disease include a causative gene of adenosine deficiency and sickle cell anemia.
- the causative gene of a genetic disease, the susceptibility to other diseases, and the availability of drugs may be determined by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene.
- SNPs single nucleotide polymorphisms
- the presence of the gene itself or the gene instead of detecting the expression level, it is necessary to identify slight structural differences in the gene from sample to sample.
- a nucleic acid to be tested is prepared by an extraction operation from various materials and biological tissues.
- various DNA kits provided by reagent manufacturers, etc., such as Get pure DNA Kit-Blood (manufactured by Dojindo) suitable for preparation from blood, and hair I S0HAIR (manufactured by Futtsubon Gene Co., Ltd.) or the like suitable for the preparation of is available.
- the prepared nucleic acid can be amplified, if necessary, for example, by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), or, in the case of RNA, can be converted to the corresponding DNA by reverse transcription and used.
- PCR polymerase chain reaction
- the nucleic acid obtained by the above operation and the probe for gene detection of the present invention are hybridized.
- chemical treatment such as labeling of nucleic acid is not required before hybridization, but when the nucleic acid sample is double-stranded DNA, it is denatured by heat treatment and hybridized as a single strand. Is preferably used.
- Hybridization is carried out by bringing a probe for gene detection of the present invention into contact with a sample solution in which a nucleic acid is dissolved or dispersed. Hybridization is preferably carried out in a temperature range of 20 to 40 hours and for a period of 1 to 24 hours.
- the current value can be measured immediately after hybridization with the nucleic acid sample without any special operation.
- the current amount may be measured by any method as long as the current amount flowing between the electrode and the redox unit can be measured. Cyclic portography (CV), differential pulse voltammography (DPV), linear sweep porography, potentiostat, etc. are preferably used. It is particularly preferable that the electrode on which the counter electrode and the gene detection probe are fixed is immersed in an electrolyte solution to form a pair of electrolytic systems, and the differential pulsation imaging is measured. It is particularly preferred to measure the far-end pulse porography.
- a peak current at a potential specific to the probe is obtained according to the redox potential of the redox unit used for the probe. This peak current is highest when the probe has a hairpin structure and is lowest when the probe and target gene are forming a double strand.
- a DNA chip using a redox unit with multiple types of gene detection probes immobilized on a single electrode using redox units with different electrical responses for each target gene give a peak current to each individual probe Due to the existence of unique potentials, detection of each target gene can be performed by tracing changes in peak current at these potentials in DPV.
- the solvent in the reaction system that forms the duplex with the target sequence while maintaining the hairpin structure of the unreacted probe, and the change in the current for the duplex formation between the probe and the target sequence It is desirable to use a neutral to weakly basic buffer containing 1 to 100 mM MgCl 2 as a solvent in the detection based on PEG. l Omm Tris - HCl, using a buffer consisting of ImMEDTA the (. pH 8 0), employed in the range of 3 to 10 mm and MgC l 2 concentration particularly desirable.
- Figure 4 shows the synthesis route
- An acid chloride (compound 2) was obtained from 2-anthraquinonecarboxylic acid (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) by thionyl chloride treatment.
- Compound 2 and propargylamine (1, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) in the presence of (1: 1 by weight) 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (1 equivalent, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
- the reaction was performed. Purification by chromatography gave product 3 (21%).
- the products 3 and 5 (1: 1 by weight) were converted to N, in the presence of (tetrakistriphenylphosphine) palladium (0.15 equivalent, Wako Pure Chemical Industries) and triethylamine (1 equivalent, Wako Pure Chemical Industries).
- the mixture was stirred and reacted at room temperature for 12 hours in N-dimethylformamide, extracted, and purified by column chromatography to obtain a product 6 (74%).
- the product 6 and 2-cyanoethyltetraisopropyl phosphorodimite (manufactured by Aldrich) (1: 1 by weight) were added to acetonitrile in the presence of tetrazole (1 equivalent, manufactured by Dojin Kagaku).
- the reaction was carried out by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour, and the obtained product 8 was directly used for DNA synthesis.
- the probe ODN1 has the nucleotide sequence (TGAGTATCATCTTTGGTGTTTCTCAA) shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 in the sequence listing.
- This oligonucleotide was synthesized using a DNA synthesizer, and the anthraquinone-modified peridine, prepared in (1), was added to the 5 'end. After purification of the synthesized product, 6-mercaptohexanol was added to the 3 'end.
- ODN 2 to ODN 4 consist of the sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 2 to 4 in the sequence listing, and were synthesized using a DNA synthesizer.
- 0DN4 3'-CCTATAGTAACCACAAAGGAA-5 '(F508) (SEQ ID NO: 4)
- a gold electrode having a surface area of 2 mm was boiled in a 2 M hydroxide solution for 3 hours, washed with pure water, immersed in a concentrated nitric acid solution at room temperature for 3 hours, and further washed with pure water.
- 1 L of 1 M ⁇ DN 1 solution was dropped on the surface of the gold electrode treated as above, and It was covered with a cap and left at room temperature for 3 hours. Thereafter, the electrode was washed lightly with pure water, 1 L of 1 mM mercaptohexanol was dropped, covered with a rubber cap, and left at room temperature for 3 hours.
- the measurement by differential pulse porometry was performed using an ALS Model 660A Electrochemical Analyzer.
- the reference electrode was a saturated calomel electrode (SCE), and the counter electrode was a platinum electrode.
- the measurement was performed at room temperature in a solution of 5 mM sodium phosphate, 50 mM sodium chloride, pH 7.0, and the pulseperiod was set to 200 ms, the seanrate was set to 100 mVZs, the pulse amp litude was set to 50 mV, and the pulsewidth was set to 50 ms. . For each sample oligonucleotide, two measurements were performed and the values were averaged.
- FIG. 5 shows the results of DPV when ODN2 containing a sequence completely matching the recognition sequence in probe ODN1 was used as a sample. It can be seen that the peak current value observed when no sample was added (hairpin) was significantly reduced when the sample was added (WT).
- FIGS. 6 and 7 show the DPV results of the fields of 0 DN 3 and ODN 4 consisting of a sequence that does not match the recognition sequence in probe ODN 1, respectively.
- a current response was observed in both the state without the sample (hairpin) and the state with the sample added (G178MU or F508). is decreasing. This seems to suggest that the addition of the sample slightly affected the hairpin structure of the probe.However, by adjusting the hybridization conditions, the change in the current value was suppressed. It seems to be possible.
- Figures 8 and 9 show the relative changes in the amount of current and peak current before and after addition for each sample.
- the flavin analog was synthesized by the method described in Ikeda et al., Tetrahedron Letters 42, 2529 (201).
- the reaction solution was purified by HPLC to obtain oligo DNA having a flavin analog added to the 5 'end. Furthermore, this was stirred in a 0.1 M DTT solution (50 mM Na phosphate, pH 8.4) for 30 minutes to reduce the SS bond, and then purified by HPLC to obtain an oligo-thiol-thiolated oligo at the 3 'end. DNA (0DN5) was obtained (FIG. 10).
- Probe ⁇ DN3 (G178MU) complementary to the recognition sequence in ODN5 Figure 12 shows the DPV results when used as. It can be seen that the peak current value observed with no sample added (hairpin) is significantly reduced with the sample added (G178MU).
- FIGS. 11 and 13 show the DPV results when ODN 2 (WT) and ODN 4 (F508), which are not complementary to the recognition sequence in the probe ODN 5, were used as samples. In each case, the current response hardly changed between the state without the sample (hairpin) and the state with the sample added (WT or F508).
- the S / N ratio in gene detection was calculated and compared between the anthraquinone-modified probe used in Example 1 and the flavin-modified probe used in Example 2.
- the amount of current before hybrida I See Chillon the S / N ratio the amount of current after hybrida I See Chillon from (Ap bef re.) (Ap afeter) Haiburidize a minus - Chillon previous current amount ( Ap bef , defined as the value divided by re ).
- the calculation results are shown in Table 1 and Figure 14.
- flavin-modified probes Compared to anthraquinone-decorated probes, flavin-modified probes have higher S / N ratios for complementary sequences, and non-complementary sequences. Thus, an ideal result with a low S / N ratio was obtained.
- the hybridization was repeated to examine the change in the current value.
- a complementary target, 0DN3 (G178MU), or 0DN2 (WT) or 0DN4 (F508) was added to the 0DN5 modified electrode, and the hybridization was performed.
- the current value was measured by DPV.
- the electrode was immersed in a 90% formamide Z 10% TE buffer solution for 1 minute to dissociate the double-stranded state.
- the current value was measured by DPV.
- the results of the current value when the above operation was defined as one cycle and the cycle was repeated 10 times are shown in FIG.
- Etc. can be provided.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2003275552A AU2003275552A1 (en) | 2002-10-15 | 2003-10-15 | Probes for detecting gene and method of electrochemically detecting gene |
| JP2004544956A JPWO2004035829A1 (ja) | 2002-10-15 | 2003-10-15 | 遺伝子検出用プローブと電気化学的遺伝子検出方法 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006182757A (ja) * | 2004-10-06 | 2006-07-13 | Japan Science & Technology Agency | π共役型電気化学活性非天然ヌクレオシドを用いる相補鎖核酸分子配列検出方法及びSNP検出方法 |
| JP2011107125A (ja) * | 2009-09-09 | 2011-06-02 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology | 電気化学分子認識プローブ及びそれを用いた分子認識センサ並びにそれらを用いた電気化学的検出方法 |
| US8003374B2 (en) | 2003-03-25 | 2011-08-23 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Reagentless, reusable, bioelectronic detectors |
| CN105675687A (zh) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-06-15 | 安徽师范大学 | 一种电化学生物传感器的制备方法及检测dna甲基转移酶活性的方法 |
| WO2016136033A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-01 | 株式会社 東芝 | 標的核酸検出法、アッセイキットおよびプローブ固定基体 |
| JP2021185812A (ja) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-13 | BioSeeds株式会社 | 標的配列核酸の検出方法、ウイルスの検出方法、及び、ウイルスの検出キット |
-
2003
- 2003-10-15 WO PCT/JP2003/013176 patent/WO2004035829A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2003-10-15 JP JP2004544956A patent/JPWO2004035829A1/ja active Pending
- 2003-10-15 AU AU2003275552A patent/AU2003275552A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| DATABASE MEDLINE [online] XP002976242, accession no. STN Database accession no. (12954784) * |
| HUANG J. T. ET AL.: "An electrochemical detection scheme for identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms using hairpin-forming probes", NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH, vol. 30, June 2002 (2002-06-01), pages E55, XP002976239 * |
| IMOOS E. C. ET AL.: "Characterization of immobilized DNA hairpins containing tethered redox probes", ABSTRACTS PAPERS AM. CHEM. SOC, vol. 224, no. 1-2, August 2002 (2002-08-01), pages INOR.104, XP002976237 * |
| KANATANI KEIICHIRO ET AL.: "DNA shushoku denkyoku o riyo shita denki kagakuteki idenshi kaisekiho no kaihatsu (2)", THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN KOEN YOKOSHU (3 G8-01), vol. 83, March 2003 (2003-03-01), pages 1113, XP002976240 * |
| MAO Y. ET AL.: "Studies of temperature-dependent electronic transduction on DNA hairpin loop sensor", NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH, vol. 31, September 2003 (2003-09-01), pages E108 * |
| SAITO ISAO: "Post genome ni muketa drug design -genomu kagaku saizensen", NIPPON NOGEI KAGAKU KAISHI, vol. 77, no. 7, 2003, pages 647 - 649, XP002976241 * |
| TAKENAKA S. ET AL.: "Electrochemistry of ferrocenyl naphthalene diimide derivative and its behavior on hairpin DNA immobilized electrode", DENKI KAGAKU, vol. 66, 1998, pages 1329 - 1334, XP002976238 * |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8003374B2 (en) | 2003-03-25 | 2011-08-23 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Reagentless, reusable, bioelectronic detectors |
| JP2006182757A (ja) * | 2004-10-06 | 2006-07-13 | Japan Science & Technology Agency | π共役型電気化学活性非天然ヌクレオシドを用いる相補鎖核酸分子配列検出方法及びSNP検出方法 |
| JP2011107125A (ja) * | 2009-09-09 | 2011-06-02 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology | 電気化学分子認識プローブ及びそれを用いた分子認識センサ並びにそれらを用いた電気化学的検出方法 |
| WO2016136033A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-01 | 株式会社 東芝 | 標的核酸検出法、アッセイキットおよびプローブ固定基体 |
| JPWO2016136033A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-27 | 2017-04-27 | 株式会社東芝 | 標的核酸検出法、アッセイキットおよびプローブ固定基体 |
| CN105675687A (zh) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-06-15 | 安徽师范大学 | 一种电化学生物传感器的制备方法及检测dna甲基转移酶活性的方法 |
| CN105675687B (zh) * | 2016-03-23 | 2018-04-13 | 安徽师范大学 | 一种电化学生物传感器的制备方法及检测dna甲基转移酶活性的方法 |
| JP2021185812A (ja) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-13 | BioSeeds株式会社 | 標的配列核酸の検出方法、ウイルスの検出方法、及び、ウイルスの検出キット |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2004035829A1 (ja) | 2006-02-16 |
| AU2003275552A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
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