WO2004035880A1 - Machine for the continuous production of laminated structures, composite yarns and strands - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine for the continuous production of laminated structures, composite yarns and strands. The inventive machine comprises a production line which is used to treat artificial, animal or vegetable fibres, the latter being taken from seeds, stems, leaves and fruits, using an assembly of industrial units comprising feed modules which can be changed depending on the materials to be treated. The invention comprises the following steps: joining, dampening, soaking, drying, intermediate bulking, cutting of strands, winding, separating of strands and coning of strands and/or twisting.

Description

 MACHINE FOR THE CONTINUOUS OBTAINING OF LAMINATED STRUCTURES, DATES AND COMPOSITE THREADS

D E S C R I P C I Ó N

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present specification refers to a machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, whose obvious purpose is to be configured as a machine capable of continuous production with artificially twisted fibers, of animal, vegetable or artificial, obtaining laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, allowing to produce, in laminar form, masses of non-twisted fibers, weighing from 4 grams per square meter, producing a single sheet or a sheet with fibers between two structured surfaces in reticular shape with meshes, that is, nets and threads from conventional spinning.

The sheet produced can be used without further manipulation or wicks can be obtained with fibers arranged in the direction of their length, staggered one above the other in the same direction, so that they form a set of indefinite length, joined by the caking without mechanical union and without twisting, composite threads, twisted or untwisted cords, intended to be processed in conventional weaving, knitting, braiding or direct use as links of different section and resistance. FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention has its application within the industry dedicated to the manufacture of machinery for the textile industry.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

On the part of the applicant, the existence of several manufacturing processes of cohesive and laminated fiber structures, intended for nonwoven fabrics, product of the different unwoven technology, with a cost generally lower than those produced in a weaving process is known conventional, although with obvious results of lower quality.

Machinery for the manufacture of paper pulp is known, usually using higher weights of the incorporated materials.

It is known the machinery to process hairs of animal origin from having them or industries of the skin sector.

Separate methods of spinning, weaving, finishing, dyeing or incorporating additives are known.

Knitting is known incorporating in a warp and weft direction, a greater or lesser density of the number of threads in one direction or another, with or without alternating the number of threads of different characteristics and TEX numbering, although said threads are always manufactured with many twists and different technologies, in previous processes common in the textile industry that incorporate one or more twisted ends.

It is also known the principle of weaving that uses composite threads, formed by ribbons with a cotton veil attached to a gravity-bearing thread of the same material by means of a water-soluble glue, destined only to produce low resistance and single use fabrics, although for this In principle, there is no development of the now how of the indispensable machinery to produce said composite threads with an industrially profitable method.

It is known the difficulty to join a layer of veil of low weight from a card to a few threads by means of a water-soluble glue with a cost-effective industrial method.

The difficulty of using water-soluble binders is known due to its great thermoplasticity and adhesion on surfaces.

The waterjet technique of producing unwoven fabrics is known, produced with high-cost machines and with results of at least 10 grams per square meter for cotton.

The difficulty of processing fluids with a mass of fibers with a low weight is known, for example: cotton 4 grams per square meter, due to its disintegration when submerged and transported continuously through a moisturizing bath with water-soluble glue. It is unknown machinery or machines forming a single set that working continuously, allows the contribution of materials, threads, fibers, veils, reticular or woven structures, with its passage in the direction of travel as if it were the direction of warping on a loom , which can be processed by incorporating a pass of thread in a transverse direction as if it were the weft passage in a loom, joining the set of woven structures with binders and additive contribution, subsequently proceeding to drying and delivery in sectioned bobbins, cheaper enormously the formation of special fabrics with wide meshes, or other type of accompaniment, when performing the process in a single operation.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads object of the invention, is configured from various parts or elements forming two sets of manufacturing units and consisting of a first stage with interchangeable feeding modules, depending on the materials to be treated, a second stage of joining said materials, a third stage with interchangeable modules according to the materials to be treated in the humidification or bath with or without additives and binders, a fourth soaking stage, a fifth drying stage, a sixth stage of intermediate accumulation, a seventh stage of cutting of wicks to facilitate the subsequent manipulation, an eighth stage for the winding, a ninth stage for the separation of wicks of smaller section and a tenth stage for the process of frosting of the wicks and / or torsion. Specifically, the machine or set of constituent elements allows the use of a mass of fibers with different arrangements, obtaining a regular laminated mass of a variable weight depending on the amount of material incorporated per square meter, thickness, section, or according to the resistance of the production that is desired to be obtained, incorporating or not additionally products of various materials, usually from previous industrial textile processes, wire structures, grid structures or networks, laminated structures and additives or binders of animal, vegetable or chemical origin.

The machine allows the passage of various structures in the direction of travel with optional passage of threads in a transverse direction to that of the march.

The resistance of the fabric obtained, incorporating in its manufacture the composite wicks and threads with density and variable section produced with the machine, is obtained by passing said wicks or threads composed by a knitting machine, in the sense of the weft or warp, horizontal or vertical, alternating if necessary as usual in weaving, various threads with different TEX numbering in one way or another, which confers a novel contribution that is identified as a weaving process with fiber wicks and not only with twisted threads or ribbons , as was usual in the textile industry, facilitating during the weaving processes, the fact of carrying out greater productions, as well as the saving of materials and energy.

The invention is capable of increasing the resistance of the fabric produced, accompanying the wick produced by the machine, multifilar structures or incorporating prefabricated nets or manufactured in the same machine, joined by binders, which allow a plurality of combinations in the production of high strength fabrics, as well as many uses, uses and destinations, with the contribution of less or greater resistance, by incorporating them below, above or on both sides at the same time with optional use of binders for adhesion, excluding the provision of placing the fibers by simple gravity on carrier wires.

The wicks of materials cohesive together with binders confer a greater volume to the tissues.

The composite threads produced have a higher cost than the conventional ones that incorporate the same weight of materials, but facilitate savings and great productivity during weaving processes with an enormous profitability obtained in the final process, using the fact of knitting with bonded fiber wicks with binders, formed by artificially twisted fibers with a total weight less than usual compared to other threads of equal volume.

The manufactured fabrics have multiple uses and destinations, being able to cover the products made in low-cost weaving, those used in ropes for ligatures, for covers with or without special impregnations without the need for additional processes, in geotextile applications, in the footwear industry, or be perfected with usual finishing, dyeing, calendering and tailoring processes.

The machine can reach a production of up to 30,000 linear meters of wick per minute, depending on the built-in device for feeding materials, the section of wick to obtain and length of the drying oven.

The density of the passage of wires in the direction of travel depends on the speed of the pass and the speed in the direction of travel.

For a set drag speed of 100 meters per minute and a cross-pass speed of 400 passes per minute, one pass is produced every 25 cm. which can be extended to one pass every 12.5 cm., if two superimposed cross-pass devices are incorporated by performing the passes alternately.

It should be noted that the impregnation of fibers in continuous destined for a profitable industrial process requires a specialized system that allows a variable, superficial or deep humidification of the fibers or elements that make up the different supports to be impregnated with fluids, with or without chemical additives or of natural origin, with or without binders, depending on the result you want to obtain in each case.

The individual or combined use of fabrics, nonwoven fabrics (unwoven), or materials of different composition arranged in sheets or reels, from rolling mills or cards, together with other structures with arrangement of different layers, or reticular tissues (nets or meshes), all arranged in coils or feeding cones, it allows to obtain variable results depending on whether the product used as a humectant additive is intended to provide a simple bath or additives and / or binders are used whose purpose is to bathe, fix or consolidate the different elements or surfaces treated.

The arrangement and assembly of the elements of the assemblies that make up the invention, allow to process any of the variants presented according to the results that are desired to be obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, this descriptive report is attached, as an integral part thereof, a set of drawings in which for illustrative purposes and not limiting, the following has been represented:

Figure number 1.- Represents a general scheme of production, rolling and wicking, forming together the elements that form the machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads object of the invention.

In the figures numbers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.- The different feeding systems that can be used in the first stage of the invention are observed. Figure 9 shows the different elements that make the joining of materials, as well as the impregnation center.

Figure number 10.- Reflects the center of wetting, soaking and additives.

Figures 11, 12 and 13.- Reflect the invention in its corresponding configuration for feeding, routing, joining, roller movement and continuous impregnation.

Figures numbers 14 and 15.- They show a schematic view of the product obtained '.

Figure number 16.- Reflects a diagram of fluid movements in a centralized station for providing moisturizers.

Figure number 17.- Corresponds finally to the general scheme of wick cutting and twisting with optional torsion.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

The machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads and in accordance with the above described, is formed by different elements that configure, as shown in figure number 1, successive stages of feeding, joining, wetting , soaking, drying, accumulation, cutting, winding, wicks and festering.

Referring first to the feeding stage generally referenced with (1), the In this stage, the invention has several modules to be used according to the structures to be processed.

Specifically, in this first feeding stage a modular and interchangeable system is used for the use of various laminated products with different consistencies, absorptions and expansions, which facilitate the contribution or union of the products to the wetting or wetting stage.

Following the figure number 2, it is observed how in the first stage two coils can be used superimposed with material of laminar structure, mesh or net, with insertion between both of material coming from a card or machine that supplies continuous laminated material.

In figure 3 corresponding to the first feeding stage, two superimposed fillets can also be used to supply threads from cones, with intermediate insertion of material from a card or similar machine that supplies material continuously, forming a set of three structures.

Figure 4 shows a previously laminated surface with thread connection from two fillets.

Figure 5 shows a surface with a structure formed by wires, with joining of material from a coil of material with laminar structure, net or mesh. Figure number 6 reflects the use of two surfaces formed by laminated structures from two superimposed coils.

Figure number 7 corresponds to the use of a card or similar machine producing a continuous laminated structure of fibers of very low weight per square meter (from 4 grams per square meter), without wires, nets or other additional materials or structures.

Figure 8 shows a coil with material of laminar structure, mesh or net and a fillet providing threads from cones with insertion between both of material from a card or machine that supplies continuous laminated material forming a set of three structures

In general and without inclusion of other types of materials, the following types of materials and joints are used in the invention. Namely:

- One or more structures of sheets or layers, arranged in reels or any arrangement of material from another machine with production of laminated material.

- One or more reticular structures (networks, meshes).

- One or more laminated structures or flat surface provided continuously, with one or more reticular structures (nets, meshes). One or more laminated or reticular structures with one or more textile thread structures.

The order or placement of the layers of the materials provided may be different and only affects the disposition of the structures to be treated, depending on the results that are desired.

In any case the contribution of materials is always produced continuously and never by simple gravity of one structure over another.

The bench modular input or set of devices that support the various materials will be different for each of the procedures described, serving all for the provision or delivery of various materials to the joining device or clamping Variable referred to in step 2 ^to prior to the wet or wet stage.

The set is formed by coil supports, or supports for other machines or devices that facilitate the continuous contribution of the necessary material in the form of laminated structures, veils, flat surfaces, wires or reticular structures.

In the case of the contribution of networks or reticular structures, an advance device is used in the direction of travel and a positioning guidance device in the translation, perpendicular to the direction of travel, which allows to modify the outdated or offset positioning or desired overlapping of the crossings and meshes of the reticular structure.

By way of illustrative example and not excluding other possibilities, the contribution of a structure with textile threads is described below, as there are currently no devices that allow the contribution of said accompanying threads, with automatic insertion thereof for In case of breakage of any of them, without the need to stop the process to proceed to its reinsertion, which represents in itself a singularity that allows continuous production.

The accompanying textile threads are driven to the point of attachment by conveyor guides or tubular conduits to facilitate their final positioning, through ceramic rings or by tubular guidance with air conduction, by suction and subsequent accompaniment by expulsion, making the routing Initial by suction.

The breakage of one or more wires is detected by the stop control during transport from the cone or coil element that stores the wire to be supplied, automatically producing an air shot in the conductive tube that causes the wire to drag through the layer of materials that are being transported in continuous, incorporating the thread to the process of drag in operation, by the speed and union with the surface that is being processed.

Depending on the mass of the thread, the function is carried out in two phases, the first being suction for transport to near the surface that is circulating at that time and the second with the force of expulsion sufficient to pierce the layer to which it must be reinstated, being dragged from that moment by the moving assembly.

In the initial load the set of structures is picked up by a collector element that positions them, guides through the rest of the machine and additionally serves to perform the function of threading or routing the assembly inside the humidifying device and subsequent dragging, without the need of using a "blanket sheet".

The multifilar structures to be joined with other laminated materials are located below and above these materials, stripped or placed in planes superimposed on both sides of the materials with which they wish to join, forming three layers of differentiated structures prior to joining.

Following the figure number 9 in which the union of materials and impregnation center is contemplated and in relation to the stage of union of the materials to be treated, it should be indicated that once the different layers are combined, they are taken to the pressing unit for a greater physical union of them.

The unit facilitates a pressure on the structures of any of the described combinations, with four rollers located two of them in a fixed bed and two rollers in a second mobile bed, which is raised by a pneumatic or mechanical mechanism to pass the structures or initially load the machine, then descend on the lower ones on the fixed bench and join the materials to be processed that circulate between the rollers that rotate by the traction provided by a variable frequency motor.

It should be noted that the pressing unit is referenced with (1).

From the joining processor to the delivery to the next stage, the tensions of the different elements are compensated to avoid undesirable effects, incorporating self-regulating rollers (2) and individual tension controls controlled by computer systems.

Before the joining device there is a cross-wire pin fed by a lateral cone with adjustable insertion depending on the transport speed, to form the network or weft passage for the same with the threads that circulate in the direction of travel forming the net mesh that wraps around the laminated structure with weft pass (20).

Said threads that are cut at their ends at each pass and deposited between the laminated structures, act as if it were the weft passage in a loom, producing a cross-linked union of the entire set of threads that are assembled in the reticular laminar structure transported , whose use is planned in the case of a feeding of multifilar structures, to configure fabrics, fabrics in the machine itself.

The transverse passage device allows the passage of threads directly through below the upper external structure or above the lower external structure or both at the same time if two devices that act alternately are arranged.

The transverse passage of the threads in this device can be carried out by placing the pass in the structures that circulate in the direction of travel or between any of the threads of an ultifilar structure if their feeding is arranged at an angle, allowing the intercrossing with them through the opening of the passage of the threads in the direction of the march incorporating the pass to the set in movement.

The transverse step is carried out in three stages, the first one corresponding to the pass of the thread, the second one to the cut at its ends and the third one to the placement on the dragged structures.

With respect to the third stage, that is to say the wetting, it should be noted that the uniqueness of the resulting wetting process consists in solving in a variable way the difficulty existing in the wetting or inclusion of chemical additives and binders of the different types of fibers or materials to use according to its different absorption characteristics, by means of a system that facilitates immersion and emersion above the level of the fluids in the cuvette, so that the fibers are subjected to a continuous process of alternating decompression pressure, wetted and processed in continuous, excluding the use of electrostatic or electrical methods for the cohesion of the different materials. The impregnation tank has a bottom with inclined planes to facilitate its emptying, retain the turbulence generated by the movement of the wetting fluid and cause compression of the fluid on the surfaces to be treated.

Figure 10 shows the wetting, soaking and additive center.

The humidification stage consists of speed and voltage regulating elements, addressing regulators, routing device, bath cuvette or wetting only by immersion, bath with adjustable level, accompanying cylinders located on a fixed bench, for immersion of the materials, non-traction accompanying rollers interspersed between the fixed height cylinders, with variable height positioning, to regulate the level of wetting and emersion.

It also incorporates injection of the additive products with variable positioning by means of curtain on the cylinders and never on the materials, as well as contribution, filtering, recovery and recycling of the additives or wetting products.

Likewise, there are level and temperature control devices depending on the humidification and additives to be used, cleaning and emptying devices with the use of different fluids, final humidification regulating device and an additive treatment device, for the initial mixing, contribution and recovery thereof, in impregnation tray and related deposits, to allow continuous work without requiring a stop in the process, as reflected in figures 11, 12 and 13, without interfering with the functions of each deposit, mixing, contribution, filtering and recovery.

The structures gathered by the collector pass through a voltage controller (2) and are submerged in the impregnation bowl (13), which has several fluid outlets controlled by valves (16).

The submerged structures pass through a roller (9) movable in height, which guides them to a first cylinder (12) positioned on the general support bench (8), passes immersed below and emerges towards a roller (17) located above of the level of fluids in the cuvette and mounted on a mobile support (18), for the inversion of the direction of rotation of the materials towards a new cylinder (12).

This function of immersion and emersion of the materials and reversal of rotation between the rollers of smaller diameter (17) located above the level of the wetting fluid, rising and falling to the next cylinder (12), is repeated until the exit of the last cylinder ( 12), delivering the moistened structures to a set of two pressing rollers (6), which eliminate the excess of entrained fluid and return it to the impregnation bowl (13), then passing through a roller with variable lateral translation to maintain the address and subsequent final delivery to the soaking stage.

The reversing rollers (17) are supported on columns with variable vertical immersion (18), allowing a tension compensating effect thanks to the device (5) for damping the tensions produced by the transported materials, as well as a different level of humidification due to the time that the structures remain outside the level of the wetting fluids and the time they remain immersed around the cylinders (12).

The impregnation bowl is fed with fluids from the mixing station located on the upper floor, by means of a pump (15) that injects the fluid through flexible hoses connected to injectors (14) that distribute the pressurized fluid by curtain on the cylinders (12), facilitating that the curtain of the fluids on the cylinders (12) can move horizontally and vertically.

The traction is carried out by belts along all the cylinders (12) on the bed (8) by means of variable frequency motor (11), which facilitates the opposite alternating traction of the cylinders

(12) and has brakes to facilitate an emergency stop.

The traction of the cylinders (12) only facilitates the accompaniment of the structures, since these are delivered from the feeding stage and collected in coils at the end of the line, with elimination of intermediate tensions regulated by means of the devices (5) and dancers

The valves (16) for closing and opening the fluid passage are driven by an electric motor, equipped with an electronic circuit that sends to the center process the physical positioning signal of the valve shaft and allow its manual operation in anticipation of a cut of electrical fluid for drainage to the sanitation network (10), controlling the content of the impregnation bowl, the mixing tanks and contribution of humectants or their recycling to a deposit for later recovery.

There is a second cuvette (7) that collects by decantation or transfer the excess fluid level of the cuvette (13), which incorporates a filter and a fluid return pump to the upper floor where the mixing and preparation station is located of fluids, as shown in figure number 12, which incorporates an arrangement of the pipes with preset slopes that facilitates the passage of fluids in both directions, to be able to carry out the transfer between deposits, the contribution of humectants and the constant cleaning of the ducts without stopping the process.

The loading of the structures to be processed through all the cylinders and rollers can be carried out by means of a blanket sheet or with a pressing strip or collector that holds the principle of the structures, the small untracted rollers (9) and (17) are lowered ), up to a level below the cylinders (12), the collector is attached to endless chains (3) that drag it to the exit in the direction of the soaking station, reflected in figure number 11.

To perform the maintenance of the rollers (9) and (17) the inverse function is performed, with elevation above the usual level of work, allowing maintenance and cleaning.

The different level of humidification of the materials is achieved through the inversion of rotation and pressure exerted on the materials circulating between the cylinders (12) of greater diameter with fixed height and the rollers of smaller diameter (9) with variable height from the bench ( 8) fixed, as reflected in figures 14 and 15, which provides a different pressure exerted depending on the working angle, lower diameter of the rollers with respect to the cylinders, the variable immersion / emersion ratio and endows the assembly of a pressure-decompression system in continuous operation, which facilitates the opening of the fiber arrangement for better wetting at the time of circulation on the rollers (17), that is, an open fan effect without compression of the fibers, as shown in figure number 15, convex upper emerging crest and compression of the fiber arrangement at the time of circulation immersed around r of the cylinders (12), that is, fan effect with compression on the cylinders, concave bottom immersed crest, with wetting in the opposite direction of the materials.

The singularity in the variable positioning of the movable rollers (17) and turning inverters located between the cylinders with fixed positioning (12), allows to vary the immersion / emersion time ratio before soaking and subsequent drying, as well as the general and easy repair or maintenance of any of the mechanical elements involved.

For continuous immersion and humidification of a sheet with fibers arranged in the sense of its length, staggered one above the other in this same direction, so that they form a set of indefinite length, joined by caking without mechanical bonding and without twisting, the module that is replaced It allows the immersion-emersion process, by a device for the continuous transport of fibers, with complete immersion of the fibers through fluids contained in a bucket with binders and / or additives, which accompanies the mass of fibers through the fluids, preventing its disintegration and accompanying the sheet until the end of the drying process.

The uniqueness in the treatment of the additive circuit consists in the preparation and contribution of additives to achieve a variable humidification according to the materials to be processed, without stopping the running or continuous operation, allowing the preparation and mixing of new additives in a central tank, that feeds a work or feed tank located to the right of the central tank in the direction of travel, from where it flows to the humidification tank, by decantation to the filtrate tank (7), reflected in figure number 9, next to the impregnation bowl (13) and its recycling to the bin or additive contribution tank, or optionally to a tank located to the left of the central tank in the direction of travel, to proceed with its temporary storage if a maintenance performance.

The reservoirs and the humidification bowl are provided with outlets and interconnections arranged with a decisive inclination, controlled by valves that facilitate the passage of fluids in both directions by impulsion through recirculation pumps, to allow continuous operation and permanent cleaning of the pipe assembly, without stopping the processes and functions of each tank.

An interconnection of several continuous production lines allows the transfer of additives between them, with a use of the products used, as shown in Figure 16.

With respect to the fourth stage or process of soaking and incorporation of additives, it should be indicated that the soaking process as a function of the absorption of the fibers used provides the time necessary for its soaking or saturation, variable depending on them and related to the distance or length of the laminated structure between the wetting process and the subsequent drying process, as shown in figure 10 and specifically - on its right side, in which it is observed how the device (21) allows the passage through fixed rollers (24) and movable height (25), which gives the assembly a variable length of the material to be treated before the drying process, providing at the same speed and different length processed, or both at the same time, a variable amount of soaking time depending on the absorption needs required by the materials.

Next and prior to the drying stage, a pressing is produced through two rollers

(22) with a pre-tension control (27), incorporating discharge tanks (23), pump recovery (26) of discarded fluids to the filtrate reservoir in the previous stage of wetting and an optional device for providing special additives (28), easily absorbed due to the moisture content of the entrained material.

With respect to the fifth stage or drying process, it should be indicated that properly soaked materials are conducted to a continuous drying oven, with different characteristics and controls depending on the materials and additives used, without their choice presenting any individual singularity by various manufacturers exist that meet the specific needs of drying, but may be modified by incorporating the device for transporting continuous fiber, indicated and discussed in the 3rd stage or wetting stage for processes with accompanying laminated structures only.

Regarding the accumulation and winding process, stage 6 and 8 respectively, it should be noted that after the drying stage there is a winding device of the processed structure and to make the change of collecting coils it is necessary to use a folding exchanger, which after lower the treatment speed, accumulate the production that is carried out at that time in an intermediate accumulator, exchange the position of the full folder with another empty one in a new accumulation position, cut the end of the accumulated material in the full folder, attached to a folder again the material accumulated in the intermediate accumulator, recovers the accumulated material in the intermediate accumulator at a higher speed and automatically continues the winding in the empty folder, finally raising the winding speed to The usual process speed.

The aforementioned can be seen in figure number 1.

The process allows, while the exchange takes place, to continue producing at a lower speed the processed material at the exit of the drying oven, which accumulates in the intermediate storage tank and is immediately recovered in the new empty folder.

Regarding the constitutive stage of the cutting process, it should be noted that parts of the dry structure are separated longitudinally in the direction of travel by means of cutters in the same direction that section the assembly before its final winding, using circular blades supported on an axis that rotates at a much higher speed in relation to the process, on which the treated material slides proceeding to its guided separation by longitudinally cutting the width in several sections to facilitate the process in the 2nd set shown in figure number one.

It should also be noted that the control of the speeds of the various contribution machines of the different materials and their operation, together with the level of wetting, additives to be used, soaking, drying, cutting and final winding, each require a system computer for the ten stages described above, and an external control system through the use of data capture sensors located in different places and controlled by a general computer system that governs the different elements and global operation, with a non-exclusive hardware equipped with a unique software for the system at each stage, controlling that the tension exerted on the materials provided by the power modules is the same as the winding tension in the folder, balancing the tensions in the materials produced in the intermediate stages

The production of wicks or process of separation of wicks and composite threads that are carried out in stages (9) and (10) presents the longitudinal separation that is carried out in stage 7 ^a or in stage 9 ^a for the separation of wicks from smaller section

Following the figure number 17 the separation of wicks of smaller section is observed, prior to the final winding stage 10, it being possible to indicate that the production carried out in the eighth stage delivered in adjacent coils in a folder, is placed on a bench (31) , cutting the material between blades (32) located between guide rollers, at a variable distance depending on the thickness or section of the desired wick, which is guided by standard techniques in the textile industry referenced with (33), to finally wind in cones or loaves (34), at a variable speed depending on the tensions that allow to support the cut wick or composite yarn, applying if necessary a number not exceeding ten twists per linear meter and collecting the production by conveyor belt at the end of the line (35).

Optionally they can be collected by means of the device (36) or eliminate some of the materials that have accompanied the fibers until the creation of the wicks, facilitating their recycling to the I ^{at the} stage of feeding.

For the process of finding non-twisted wicks without the accompaniment of another additional structure with little tensile strength, the process speed must be less than 150 meters per minute, and may be higher depending on the tensile strength of the threads composed of wicks found together with threads without the addition of binders, or threads composed of wicks joined by binders to other structures.

During coning and subsequent knitting, the strands maintain their cohesion because the binders or chemical additives that are incorporated in the 3rd stage, can be eliminated or maintained after the weaving process or finish, depending on the final destination of the fabric .

The wicks with masses of fibers without twisting and joined by binders without additional network structures or meshes, can be found together with reinforcing threads, without this using a bonding procedure using binders, electrostatic procedures, with electric base or other system, winding both, wick and thread or threads, jointly in the stamping operation, forming composite threads with different entities not joined by any procedure, although they are next to each other, they wrap it in case of being twisted, or the wick wraps around thread or threads according to the procedure used.

This procedure makes it easy to save the investment in stock of different composite threads, without need to have all the possible combinations, since it allows to have a reduced stock of wicks with different sections and weights producing a certain type of composite yarn when it is next to the or to the reinforcing threads of different resistance according to the demand required at each moment, without requiring a large stock of different composite threads with a huge number of combinations of a particular section of wick and a certain thread resistance, minimizing investment by allowing the desired composite yarn to be produced at all times, based on the independent stock of both components, wicks of different section and weight and threads separately of different weight and resistance.

The wicks and / or the threads composed with wicks, are destined to the weft passes and warped prior to the usual transfer operation to a warp coil, without having to go through the gluing machine, which allows its use with wide gauge combs in conventional weaving machines or their equivalent in the knitting process, in circular, rectilinear, braid or similar machines, which is a novelty since there is no similar system at present that allows knitting with wicks low grammage producing woven mechanically cohesive surfaces, little or much resistance depending on the feed system chosen in stage I ^to.

Regarding the factory installation, it should be noted that the assembly and factory installation of the machine object of the invention and its assemblies occupying a minimum arrangement of 40 meters long by 3 meters wide, can be accomplished with a production unit or with several machines distributed in the plant area, may have a centralized silo, a central mixing input to a tank for 3 ^to stage recovery tank, a reservoir of discharge or purification station, prior to the final dump to the distribution network, as can be seen in Figure 16.

Figure 16 shows the fluid movement diagram in a centralized station for the supply of humectants and on this figure the existence of a silo (40) provided with a loading area (41) is contemplated, the silo (40) being connected ) by means of the corresponding pipes with a tank (42) for mixing and feeding additives that can be used for various machines, there is an inlet (44) of pressurized air for cleaning, and a water inlet, incorporating a manual dump and a tank (43) for each of the machines to be fed with humectants.

This same diagram shows the existence of a deposit (46) with discharge means destined to be used as a purification before the final discharge and incorporating another deposit (45) destined to be used as a deposit where materials that are going to be introduced recovered maintaining and stabilizing the additives for later reuse.

The invention is implemented with a depot for purification products (47) and another area for recovery products (48).

Claims

 RE I V I N D I CAC I O N E S 1.- Machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, of those destined for continuous production with artificially twisted fibers, of animal, vegetable or artificial origin, of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, characterized for being constituted from the joint work of manufacturing units, presenting a stage formed by interchangeable feeding modules according to the materials to be treated, a second stage of joining the aforementioned materials, a third stage formed by interchangeable modules according to the materials to be treated in the humidification or bath with or without additives or binders, a fourth stage of soaking, a fifth stage of drying, a sixth stage of intermediate accumulation, a seventh stage of cutting of wicks to facilitate subsequent handling, an eighth stage for the winding, a ninth stage for the separation of wicks of smaller section and a tenth stage for the wicking and / or twisting process, obtaining masses of non-twisted fibers weighing from 4 grams per square meter for cotton fiber, producing a single sheet or a sheet with fibers between two reticularly structured surfaces with meshes, that is, nets and / or threads, the sheet being produced being able to be used without further manipulation or else wicks can be obtained with fibers arranged in the sense of their length, staggered one above the other in this same direction, gathered by the caking without mechanical union and without twisting, composite threads, twisted or untwisted cords, intended to be processed in conventional weaving, knitting of gender of point, braided or to its direct use as links of different section and resistance. 2. Machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to the first claim, characterized in that the first stage is configured from several modules to be used in accordance with the structures to be processed, being formed by means modular and interchangeable for the use of various laminated products with different consistencies, absorptions and expansions, such as two superimposed coils. 3.- Machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to the first claim, characterized in that in the first stage and in replacement of the superimposed coils two superimposed fillets can be used- 4. Machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to the first claim, characterized in that in the first stage two surfaces or structures formed by threads can be used with insertion between both of material coming from a coil, forming A set of three structures. 5. Machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to the first claim, characterized in that in the first stage a surface with a structure formed by threads can be used, with union of material from a coil of material with laminar structure, net or mesh. 6. Machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to the first claim, characterized in that in the first stage two surfaces formed by laminated structures from two superimposed coils can be used. one . - Machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to the first claim, characterized in that a card or similar machine can be used in the first stage. 8. Machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to the first claim, characterized in that in the first stage a coil with laminar structure, mesh or net material or fillets can be used to supply threads from cone with insertion between both of material coming from a card or machine that supplies continuous laminated material forming a set of three structures. 9.- Machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to the first claim, characterized in that in the first stage a modular entrance bench or set of devices that support the various materials is used, the bed being according with each of the procedures chosen in the feeding stage. 10.- Machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to the first claim, characterized in that in the The different layers are joined together by passing the pressing unit, being formed by four rollers located two of them in a fixed bed and two rollers in a second mobile bed, which is raised by a pneumatic or mechanical mechanism to facilitate the passage of the structures or initially load the machine, later descending on the lower ones in the fixed bed, being united the materials to be processed that circulate between the rollers that rotate by the traction provided by a variable frequency motor ^ having self-regulating tension rollers or dancers and individual tension controls, incorporating beforehand the joining device, a cross-wire pin fed by a lateral cone with regulated insertion. 11.- Machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to the first claim, characterized in that in the stage of wetting the materials an impregnation tank equipped with a bottom with inclined planes is used, presenting regulatory elements of speed and tension, addressing regulators, routing devices, bath with adjustable level, accompanying cylinders on a fixed bench, accompanying rollers without traction, injection means of additive products with variable positioning, recovery and recycling means of moisturizing products, level and temperature control devices, cleaning and emptying means, as well as a final humidification regulating device and a device for the treatment of additives for the initial mixing, supply and recovery. 12.- Machine for continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to the eleventh claim, characterized in that the structures gathered by the collector pass through a tension controller (2) and are introduced into the impregnation bowl (13) provided with several controlled fluid outlets by valves (16), passing the submerged structures by rollers (9) movable in height, which guides them, to a first cylinder (12) positioned on the general support bench (8), passing submerged below and emerging towards a roller (17) located above the level of fluids in the tray and mounted on a mobile support (18) for the reversal of the direction of rotation of the materials towards a new cylinder (12). 13. Machine for the continuous preparation of laminated structures, staple fibers and composite yarns according to 11 and 12 ^to claims, wherein the immersion and emersion of materials and reverse rotation between the rollers (17) Repeat until the exit of the last cylinder (12), delivering the moistened structures to a set of two pressing rollers (6) that after the removal of the entrained fluid send it to the impregnation bowl (13), passing through a roller with variable lateral translation. 14. Machine for the continuous preparation of laminated structures, staple fibers and composite yarns according to 11, 12 ^to 13 and claims, characterized in that the deflection rollers are supported rotating on a vertical immersion variable columns (18) , incorporating a tension damping device (5), feeding the fluid impregnation tank from the station of mixing by means of a pump that injects the fluid through flexible hoses attached to injectors (14), the traction being carried out by means of belts along all the cylinders (12) on a bench (8) by means of a motor (11) variable frequency, equipped with brakes for emergency stops. 15.- Machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to 11 ^a , 12 ^a , 13 ^a and 14 ^to claims, characterized in that the valves (16) of closing and opening of fluid passage are actuated by an electric motor equipped with an electronic circuit, which can be operated manually, there is a second cuvette (7) that collects by decantation or transfers the excess fluid level of the cuvette (13) that incorporates a filter and a return pump of the fluids up to the mixing and preparation stage, the structures can be loaded by means of a blanket sheet replaceable by a pressing strip or similar element. 16.- Machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to the first claim, characterized in that in the fourth stage or stage of soaking and incorporation of additives, a device (21) is used that allows the passage to through fixed rollers (24) and movable height (25), producing a pressing by rollers (22) provided with pre-tension control (27) and incorporating spill tanks (23), as well as a fluid recovery pump (26) and having an optional input device ( 28) of additives. 17.- Machine for continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to the first claim, characterized in that in the drying stage the materials are conducted to a continuous drying oven. 18. Machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to the first claim, characterized in that in the accumulation stage a winding device of the processed structure is used, incorporating a folding exchanger. 19.- Machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to the first claim, characterized in that in the cutting stage longitudinal parts are separated longitudinally in the direction of travel, parts of the dry structure by means of cutters in the same sense that the section is sectioned before its final winding, using circular blades supported on an axis. 20.- Machine for the continuous obtaining of laminated structures, wicks and composite threads, according to the first claim, characterized in that the separation in wicks and composite threads can be carried out by means of a longitudinal separation made in the seventh stage or in the ninth for the separation of wicks in smaller section, delivering the production carried out in the eighth stage in continuous coils in a folder, and placing it on a bench (31), cutting the material between blades (32) between guide rollers at a variable distance depending on the thickness or section of the wick concerned, bobbing in cones or breads (34) at variable speed, being able to collect or eliminate materials that have accompanied the fibers until the creation of the wicks, the wicks being able to meet with masses of fibers without twisting and joined by binders without additional network structures or meshes, together with reinforcing threads without using any additional joining procedure.