WO2004031511A1 - Components of concrete form, production method therefor, concrete form, and concrete placing method - Google Patents

Abstract

When placing concrete using concrete forms, concrete forms can be recycled, adverse effects on environment are reduced, and workability, strength, and versatility are improved. A standard size (1) has frame plate (2) forming the wall surface of a concrete form, flanges (3, 4) disposed on the outer wall surface sides of the frame plate (2) and having L-shaped sections, and engaging holes (5) for allowing flanges to engage one another. In addition, a free material (8) is further provided with a flange (10) disposed in a standard size position, and a free-use member (7) that can be freely disposed on the surface of a frame plate (9).

Description

 Components of concrete formwork, method of manufacturing the same, concrete formwork, and method of placing concrete

 The present invention relates to a component of a concrete formwork for placing concrete, a method of manufacturing the same, a concrete formwork, and a method of placing concrete. Background art

 Conventionally, plywood veneers have been mainly used for concrete formwork for placing concrete. The reasons for using plywood veneers in this way are: high workability (can be nailed, can be cut with a saw, etc., light weight), low cost, high strength, and a good distribution system And so on.

 In addition, formwork materials other than plywood veneer include steel (steel, aluminum) and resin formwork (reinforced fiber plastic). These have the advantages of high assembly workability, high construction accuracy, and high number of diversions.

However, the conventional plywood veneer mentioned above is used as a concrete formwork annually, and the number of plywood is 900 x 180 thousand, and about 100 million plywood is used. It is presumed that the destruction of the environment by the cutting of rawan wood is becoming a problem because the plywood is made from raw southern rawan wood. In particular, it has been pointed out that raw material, which is a raw material of plywood veneer, is difficult to reuse, and the used formwork becomes industrial waste, which is not appropriate in view of environmental issues. As for the performance of this plywood veneer, although the workability is good as described above, since wood is used, when concrete is installed, the moisture in the cast concrete is reduced by plywood. Absorbed by veneer, water-cement ratio changes, resulting in insufficient strength.In addition, poor removability from concrete after concrete molding of plywood veneer, and less diverting after peeling There are drawbacks such as. In addition, this plywood veneer has a problem that the assembling work is complicated and the working accuracy is reduced.

 On the other hand, the above-mentioned steel frame material is not suitable for shapes other than standard dimensions because of its high cost and difficulties in processing such as cutting, and processing with nails and saws is also difficult. Low versatility and not widespread.

 In view of the above, the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is a component of a concrete formwork that can be reused, reduces adverse effects on the environment, and improves workability, strength, and versatility. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing the same, a concrete formwork, and a method for placing concrete. Disclosure of the invention

 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention relates to a component of a mold for casting concrete, which is provided on a frame plate portion forming a mold wall surface, and provided on an outer wall surface side of the frame plate portion. It has a flange portion having an L-shaped or rectangular cross section and an engaging portion for engaging adjacent flange portions, and the frame plate portion and the flange portion are made of a mixture of wood powder and synthetic resin. It is characterized by being integrally molded.

According to the present invention, a concrete formwork having a concrete casting space formed by a frame plate portion by engaging adjacent flange portions with each other. A concrete structure can be constructed by filling concrete into the formed concrete casting space, and then releasing the concrete form after the concrete has hardened.

 In particular, in the present invention, since the frame plate and the flange are integrally molded with a mixture of wood powder and synthetic resin, the strength of the flange is high, and when the concrete form is constructed, Therefore, it is possible to maintain the resistance to the bending moment generated at the time.

 In the above invention, the mixed material is.

 • About 40% polyethylene or polypropylene, about 60% wood flour,

• About 49% of 833 resin and about 51% of wood flour,

 • About 49% semi-rigid PVC and about 51% wood flour,

 • About 40% soft PVC and about 60% wood flour

 • About 50% polystyrene and about 50% wood flour

And can be configured by:

 The components of such concrete formwork are made of wood flour and waste plastic, so while maintaining strength, there are merits of conventional plywood veneer, such as fixing with nails and cutting with saws. In addition to being easy to process, the workability can be improved, the dimensional deviation is small, and the construction accuracy can be improved. In addition, the synthetic resin to be mixed can reduce the absorbability of the wooden part, and the adhesiveness of the wooden part can be reduced, so that the releasability can be increased and the number of diversions can be improved.

These mixed materials are derived from waste plastics such as agricultural greenhouses, plywood veneer that is industrial waste, and wood flour obtained by pulverizing demolition waste of wooden buildings. It can be used as a material, making it possible to reduce the cost of raw materials and to reduce construction costs.

 Further, the constituent material of the concrete formwork of the invention described above is such that granular pellets obtained by mixing a synthetic resin and wood powder are melted, filled in a mold, and hardened under high pressure. And it can be manufactured by molding a flange portion. Furthermore, in the above invention, it is preferable to have a free member that can be freely arranged on the surface of the frame plate portion, and a fixing portion that fixes the free member to the frame plate portion. In this case, the free member is fixed to an arbitrary position on the surface of the frame plate portion by the fixing portion while cutting off the excess portion of the frame plate portion, and the fixing portion is engaged with the adjacent flange portion. With this method, it is possible to mold a concrete casting space of any size, and to easily form a formwork suitable for various construction conditions on site, thereby improving versatility and workability. Can be.

 It is preferable that the frame plate portion, the flange portion, or the free member in the above invention is formed of a hollow member. In this case, the weight of the hollow portion inside can be reduced, the weight of the component can be reduced, and if the component is used as it is as a component of a building, the hollow A comfortable building can be constructed by the part acting as a heat insulator.

 Further, a heat insulating material can be sealed in the internal hollow. In this case, when the component is used as a component of a building, the work of installing the heat insulating material can be omitted, and a higher heat insulating effect is expected for the constructed building. be able to.

Further, a sealing portion for piping and wiring is disposed in a space formed by the frame plate portion, the flange portion, or the free member, and thereafter, a wall plate is formed so as to close the space. Is preferably provided. According to this, concrete placing work and wiring and piping work can be performed separately and independently, and the waiting state of wiring and piping work during concrete placing work as in the past can be omitted. And the overall construction period can be shortened.

 Further, in the above invention, the demolded used concrete formwork or the cut-off surplus part is melted as waste material, and the melted waste material is reused to recycle the constituent material of the concrete formwork. Can be. In other words, waste material that can no longer be used as a formwork material can be re-crushed and molded as a concrete formwork and used repeatedly, and as a result, the use of plywood veneer can be reduced. However, environmental destruction can be avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

 FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional perspective view showing the entire structure of a fixed length member of a concrete formwork according to the embodiment.

 FIG. 2 is a plan view of a fixed length member of the concrete formwork according to the embodiment.

 FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing an engaging portion when assembling the concrete formwork according to the embodiment.

 FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional perspective view showing the entire structure of the free material of the concrete formwork according to the embodiment.

 FIG. 5 is a plan view of a free material of the concrete formwork according to the embodiment. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of using a free material of the concrete formwork according to the embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing the overall structure of the components of the concrete formwork according to the modification. FIG.

 FIG. 8 is a plan view of components of a concrete formwork according to a modification.

 FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of use of a concrete formwork according to a modification. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a concrete formwork according to a modification.

 FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a concrete formwork according to a modification.

 FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a concrete placing method according to the embodiment. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

 Hereinafter, a concrete formwork according to an embodiment of the present invention and a method of placing a concrete using the same will be described in detail. In this embodiment, a concrete form is constructed by using a fixed-length material 1 having predetermined dimensions and a free material 8 whose dimensions can be freely changed as components of the concrete form.

 (Basic composition of fixed length material)

 FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the entirety of the measuring material 1 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the upper surface and side surfaces of the measuring material 1.

 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the standard-length material 1 according to the present embodiment has a frame plate portion 2 constituting a wall surface of a concrete formwork, and an L-shaped cross-section disposed on the outer wall surface side of the frame plate portion 2. It has flange portions 3 and 4 and an engaging hole 5 for engaging adjacent flange portions with each other.

In the present embodiment, the frame plate portion 2 is a plate member having a rectangular shape and a thickness of about 12 mm which conforms to the standard of the plywood veneer formwork. The frame plate 2 has dimensions (width: 450 thighs, length: 180 mm) conforming to the standard. As described above, since the dimensions of the frame plate 2 conform to the standard of the conventional veneer formwork, the size of the frame plate 2 is different from the conventional veneer formwork. Mixed construction becomes possible.

 The flange portions 3 and 4 are arranged so as to surround the outer edge of the frame plate portion 2. The frame plate 2 and the flanges 3 and 4 are integrally formed of a mixture of wood powder and synthetic resin. More specifically, the flange portions 3 and 4 rise in a right angle to the frame plate portion 2 and are bent inwardly of the frame plate portion 2 to form an L-shaped upper surface portion. Has dimensions (62 mm both) conforming to the standard for conventional veneer plywood construction. With such dimensions, it is possible to adapt to the conventional construction method.

 In this embodiment, the frame plate portion 2 and the flange portion 3 are formed by melting a granular pellet obtained by mixing 55% of wood flour and 45% of waste plastic, filling the mixture in a mold, and applying a high pressure. It is molded by curing below.

 The engaging hole 5 is a circular hole formed by penetrating the upper surfaces of the flange portions 3 and 4, and is provided with dimensions, positions, and intervals (450 bands) conforming to the standard. That is, when the concrete formwork is constructed, the engaging holes 5 provided in each flange portion are aligned with each other when the fixed-length material 1 is arranged adjacently. These engagement holes 5 form an engagement portion when an engagement clip 6 is inserted therethrough as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, and the components are engaged with each other.

 (Composition of free material)

 FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the entirety of the free material 8 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the upper surface and side surfaces of the free material 8.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the free material 8 according to the present embodiment includes a frame plate portion 9 constituting the wall surface of the concrete formwork and an outer wall surface of the frame plate portion 9 in the same manner as the above-described fixed-length material 1. Flanges 3 and 4 that are arranged on the side and have an L-shaped cross section And a free member that can be freely arranged on the surface of the flange portion 10 and the frame plate portion 9 that have an engagement hole 5 for engaging a female member. And 7.

 As shown in FIG. 6, the free member 7 is a member having a rectangular cross section that is fixed to the frame plate portion 9 by the fixing portion 12 and has an engagement hole 11 into which the engagement clip 6 is engaged. Have been. The free member 7 is used to fix the component at a non-standard position when constructing the concrete formwork. After fixing the free member 7, the free member 7 is formed. By cutting off the surplus part of the free material 8 that is not involved (the hatched part in Fig. 4), it is possible to construct the concrete form freely.

 (Modification 1)

 Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the following changes can be made. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the entire formwork component 18 according to a modification of the present embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the top and side surfaces of the formwork component 18.

 As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the formwork component 18 according to the present embodiment is provided on a frame plate portion 19 forming the wall surface of the concrete formwork, and on the outer wall surface side of the frame plate portion 19. It has flange portions 13 and 14 each having a rectangular cross section and an engagement hole 15 for engaging adjacent flange portions with each other.

 The flange portions 13 and 14 are arranged so as to surround the outer edge of the frame plate portion 19. The frame plate portion 19 and the flange portions 13 and 14 are integrally formed of a mixture of wood powder and synthetic resin.

The engagement hole 15 is formed through the flange portions 13 and 14 and the frame plate portion 19. When the concrete formwork is constructed, when the formwork components 18 are arranged adjacent to each other, the engagement holes 15 provided in each flange portion are aligned with each other. Then, as shown in FIG. 9C, these engaging holes 15 form an engaging portion when the engaging clip 6 is inserted therethrough, and the constituent members are engaged with each other.

 Further, also in the first modification, the mold forming member 18 includes the free member 17 that can be freely arranged on the surface of the frame plate portion 19, like the free member 8 described above.

 As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the free member 17 is a member having a rectangular cross section which is fixed to the frame plate portion 9 by the fixing portion 12, and has an engaging hole 31 with which the engaging clip 6 is engaged. Have been. This free member 17 is used to fix the component at a non-standard position when constructing the concrete formwork. After fixing the free member 17, the free member 17 is formed. By cutting off the surplus part of the frame plate part 19 that is not involved (the hatched parts in Figs. 7 and 8), it is possible to construct the concrete form freely.

 (Modification 2)

Further, the components such as the flange portions 3, 4, 13, and 14, the frame plate portions 2 and 12, and the free members 7 and 17 in the above-described embodiment and the modified example have internal parts as shown in FIGS. 10A to 10C. A hollow portion 41 can be provided. The inner hollow portion 41 can have various shapes such as a rectangular shape (FIG. 10A), a circular shape (FIG. 10B), and a truss shape (FIG. 10C) as shown in FIG. According to such a hollow internal component, the weight of the hollow portion 41 can be reduced, the component material can be reduced in weight, and the component material can be used as it is as a structural material of a building. In this case, the hollow part 41 acts as a heat insulating material, realizing a comfortable building can do.

 In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, a heat insulating material 42 can be sealed in the hollow portion 41. As this heat insulating material, a known heat insulating material such as polyurethane can be adopted. According to the constituent material enclosing such a heat insulating material, a higher heat insulating effect can be expected from the heat insulating material 42.

 (Modification 3)

 Also, as shown in Fig. 3C, a concrete form is formed using the above components, concrete 51 is poured into the concrete placement space in the form, and the components are left It can be used as a component.

 At this time, in the space 53 formed by the frame plate portion 2, the flange portions 3, 4 or the free member 7, the sealing portion 54 for inserting the wiring Z pipe 54 a and the power distribution unit 55 are arranged. Alternatively, the wall plate 52 may be attached so as to cover the space 53. In this case, it is preferable that the wall plate 52 be provided with a lead-out hole that matches the shape of the power distribution unit 55 in order to lead the outlet.

 (Concrete casting method)

 The method of placing concrete using the concrete formwork described above is as follows. FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the flow of the concrete placing method according to the present embodiment. ·

 First, in the factory 21, fixed-size materials are manufactured by using waste vinyl house agricultural materials, waste plastics, industrial waste plywood, or recycled materials brought in from the recycling factory 22 brought in from the waste material supplier 23. 1 and free material 8 are manufactured.

Then, the fixed-length material 1 and the free material 8 manufactured in the factory 21 are carried into the construction site 20. Then, at the construction site 20, assemble the fixed length material 1 or free material 8 Then, the concrete placing space is formed by the frame plate portion 2 by engaging the adjacent flange portions 3, 4, 10 or the free members 7 with each other (S101 to S103). This engagement is performed by aligning the engagement holes 5 provided in each member and passing the engagement clips 6 through the engagement holes 5. When the free material 8 is used, a surplus portion of the frame plate portion 9 is cut out (S102) to have a required size, and the free member 7 is fixed to the outer edge of the cut portion by the fixing portion 12.

 Next, concrete is poured (S104). In other words, rebar is laid in the concrete casting space and concrete is filled. After the hardening of the concrete, the concrete form is removed (S105). This removed concrete form will be reused at the same construction site if it can be reused. On the other hand, the concrete form that cannot be reused and the surplus part cut off in step S102 are collected as waste materials and transported to the recycling factory 22. In the recycling plant 22, the waste material is pulverized and processed into pellets, then transferred to the factory 21 as raw material, and the pellets are melted in the factory 21 to be converted into the fixed-size material 1 and the free material 8. Reproduce.

 (Action and effect by concrete formwork and concrete casting method)

 According to the concrete casting method and the concrete placing method according to the present embodiment described above, the fixed-size material 1 or the free material 8 and the flange portions 3, 4, and 4 are mixed with the mixed material of the wood powder and the synthetic resin. 10 and 10 are integrally molded, the strength of the flange portion is high, and when building a concrete formwork, it is possible to maintain the resistance to bending moment generated in the flange portion.

In addition, in this embodiment, waste wood powder, waste plastic, used fixed length material 1 and the like are used as raw materials for the fixed length material 1 and the free material 8, so that the strength is maintained. While improving the workability, it is possible to improve the accuracy of construction while minimizing dimensional deviations. In addition, the absorbability of the wooden part can be reduced by the synthetic resin to be mixed, and the releasability can be enhanced by reducing the adhesion of the wooden part, and the number of diversions can be improved.

 Further, in the above-described embodiment, since the free member 7 is used, and a surplus portion of the frame plate portion 9 is cut off, a component having an arbitrary shape and size can be formed. A single casting space can be molded, and formwork adapted to various construction conditions can be easily constructed on site. Industrial applicability

 As described above, according to the present invention, the frame plate portion and the flange portion are integrally molded with the mixture of the wood powder and the synthetic resin. It can maintain the power resistance when concrete is cast, and can be used to discard plastics such as agricultural greenhouses, plywood veneers that are industrial waste, and wood powder that is obtained by pulverizing demolition waste of wooden buildings, or It is possible to recycle the concrete formwork components by reusing the demolded used concrete formwork or the cut-off surplus part. As a result, according to the present invention, a concrete formwork that can be reused and reduces adverse effects on the environment and can improve workability, strength, and versatility, and a concrete casting method using the same. Configuration method can be realized.

Claims

The scope of the claims 1. A component of a formwork for placing concrete,  A frame plate portion constituting the mold wall surface,  A flange portion disposed on the outer wall surface side of the frame plate portion and having an L-shaped cross section; an engaging portion for engaging the adjacent flange portions with each other; Has,  A constituent material of a concrete formwork, wherein the frame plate portion and the flange portion are integrally formed by using a mixture of wood powder and synthetic resin. 2. A component of a formwork for placing concrete,  A frame plate portion constituting the mold wall surface,  A flange portion disposed on the outer wall surface side of the frame plate portion and having a rectangular cross section,  An engaging portion that engages the adjacent flange portions, Has,  A constituent material of a concrete formwork, wherein the frame plate portion and the flange portion are integrally formed by using a mixture of wood powder and synthetic resin. 3. The concrete according to claim 1, wherein the mixed material is composed of about 40% of the synthetic resin, polyethylene or polypropylene, and about 60% of the wood flour. Component material for one-shot formwork. 4. The mixed material is about 49% ABS resin and about 51% The constituent material of the concrete formwork according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the constituent material is constituted by the wood flour. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mixed material is composed of about 49% of semi-rigid polyvinyl chloride as the synthetic resin and about 51% of the wood flour. Constituent material for concrete formwork. 6. The concrete according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mixed material is composed of about 40% of soft polyvinyl chloride, which is the synthetic resin, and about 60% of the wood flour. Components of formwork. 7. The concrete formwork according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mixed material is composed of about 50% polystyrene as the synthetic resin and about 50% of the wood flour. Component materials. 8. A free member that can be freely arranged on the surface of the frame plate portion;  A fixing portion for fixing the free member to the frame plate portion; The constituent material of the concrete formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: 9. The constituent material of a concrete mold according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the frame plate portion, the flange portion, or the free member is a hollow member inside. 10. A heat insulating material is sealed in the internal hollow. Constituent material of concrete formwork. 1 1. a wall plate disposed to close a space formed by the frame plate portion, the flange portion, or the free member;  A pipe disposed in the space, a sealing part for wiring, The constituent material of the concrete formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising: 12. The method for producing a constituent material of a concrete formwork according to claims 1 to 11,  The frame plate portion and the flange portion are molded by melting granule pellets obtained by mixing the synthetic resin and the wood flour, filling in a mold, and curing under high pressure. For producing a concrete form forming material. 13. The frame plate part and the flange part are made of a material obtained by melting the used concrete mold that has been removed from the mold or a surplus part cut off from the concrete form as waste material. A method for producing the concrete formwork component according to the above. 1 4. A concrete formwork formed from the constituent material of the concrete formwork according to claims 1 to 11, A concrete formwork comprising a concrete casting space formed by the frame plate portion by engaging the adjacent flange portions with each other. 15. A concrete formwork made of the constituent material of the concrete formwork according to claims 8 to 11,  The free member is fixed at an arbitrary position on the surface of the frame plate portion by the fixing portion, and the free member is engaged with a flange portion or a free member adjacent to the free member. A concrete formwork having a concrete casting space formed by a frame plate portion. 16. A method for placing concrete using the concrete formwork according to claim 14, wherein  By engaging the adjacent flange portions with each other, a concrete casting space is formed by the frame plate portion,  Filling the concrete casting space with concrete,  After the concrete has hardened, remove the concrete form A method for placing concrete, characterized in that: 17. A method of placing concrete using the concrete formwork according to claim 15,  While cutting off an excess portion of the frame plate portion that is not involved in the formation of the casting space, the free member is fixed at an arbitrary position on the surface of the frame plate portion by the fixing portion.  By engaging the free member with a flange portion or a free member adjacent thereto, a concrete placing space is formed by the frame plate portion, Fill the concrete casting space with concrete, After the concrete hardens, remove the concrete form A method for placing concrete, characterized in that: 18. The method for placing concrete according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the demolded concrete formwork or the cut off surplus portion is melted as waste material, and the molten waste material is used for melting. A method for placing concrete, comprising manufacturing a frame plate portion and a flange portion. 19. The method for placing concrete according to claim 16, wherein a pipe and a sealing portion for wiring are mounted in a space formed by the frame plate portion, the flange portion, or the free member. ,  Arranging wall boards to cover the space The method for placing concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: