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WO2004022291A1 - Substance de protection pour le bois et procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Substance de protection pour le bois et procede de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004022291A1
WO2004022291A1 PCT/FI2003/000616 FI0300616W WO2004022291A1 WO 2004022291 A1 WO2004022291 A1 WO 2004022291A1 FI 0300616 W FI0300616 W FI 0300616W WO 2004022291 A1 WO2004022291 A1 WO 2004022291A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wood
crude tall
tall oil
oil
protective substance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI2003/000616
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ulf Hotanen
Juuso Kuusela
Matti Hautala
Jaakko A Lehto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
UPM Kymmene Oy
Original Assignee
UPM Kymmene Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by UPM Kymmene Oy filed Critical UPM Kymmene Oy
Priority to AU2003255545A priority Critical patent/AU2003255545A1/en
Publication of WO2004022291A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004022291A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/36—Aliphatic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/001—Heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wood protective substance. More specifically, the invention relates to a substance that provides moisture protection for wood. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a substance and to a method for treating wood with the wood protective substance of the invention.
  • the obtained "oil wood” is suitable for outdoor use, especially for garden and landscape construction, light fences and noise barriers, terraces, wood block paving and design construction.
  • Wood products have for long been treated with different oils and biocides to protect wood from rotting. Today, wood is protected against the damage caused by rot fungi with different impregnation methods.
  • the currently used wood protective substances can be roughly divided into three main categories: 1) water-based impregnants, 2) oil-based impregnants, and 3) creosote oil.
  • the active ingredients are copper, chromium and arsenic (CCA impregnants) or copper and chromium (CC impregnants).
  • Oil-based impregnants contain one or more active agents in an organic solvent, generally in white spirit.
  • the active ingredients are organic compounds: tributyltinnaphthenate (TBTN), tributyltinoxide (TBTO), bis-(N- cyclohexyldiazoniumdioxide)-copper (Cu-HDO)-Wolmanit CX-8 mixture and biocides containing quaternary Cu.
  • Creosote oil is the part of coal tar that is distilled at tempera- tures of over 200°C. Creosote oil has over 300 compounds, the combined effect of which provides the efficiency of the oil in acting against organisms. Wood treated with creosote oil cannot be used in making consumer products, so it is used for poles and railway sleepers, for example.
  • inert or synthetic oils such as mineral oils and vegetable oils, in which the fatty acids are in triglyceride form. Triglyceride-based vegetable oils even serve as good substrates and nutrients for microbe and fungus strains.
  • Published Finnish patent application 90,951 relates to a method and substance for protecting wood from rotting.
  • the wood protective substance contains an agent that prevents the growth and spreading of microorganisms and contains at least one complexing agent capable of forming a metal complex with metals inherent to wood that are essential for the growth of microorganisms.
  • the complexing agent can for instance be ethylenediamine- tetraacetate (EDTA), polyphosphate or the siderophor of microorganisms.
  • EDTA ethylenediamine- tetraacetate
  • the used complexing agents are, however, hazardous to environment. Their bio- degradability is poor and they bind heavy metals. In addition, metal complexes are water-soluble, so with time they are washed from the wood to nature, where N and P compounds serve as nutrients and eutrophicate water systems. For the above-mentioned reasons, attempts have been made to give up the use of complexing agents or to reduce their use in the paper industry and detergent industry, for instance.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a method for protecting wood with the substance of the invention in such a manner that the substance does not seep from the wood even at higher temperatures.
  • the present invention thus relates to a wood protective substance which is characterized in that it contains crude tall oil or another oil containing free fatty acids and/or resin acids and at least one other substance from a group including native neutral agents of wood and salts formed by di- or polyvalent cations.
  • the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a wood protective substance, which is characterized in that, when the wood protective substance contains said salts formed by di- or polyvalent cations, these are first dissolved in acid water, the acid mother water of crude tall oil manufacture or aqueous crude tall oil having a pH of 4.5 to 5.5, after which the obtained salt solution is added to crude tall oil, if it has not already been dissolved in it, or another oil containing free fatty acids and/or resin acids, and then neutral agents are added to said oil and the obtained mixture is heated during a time period, which varies from a few hours to several days, at a temperature of 80 to 200°C.
  • the invention also relates to a method for treating wood with the wood protective substance of the invention, the method being characterized by treating wood with the wood protective substance that contains crude tall oil or another oil containing free fatty acids and/or resin acids and at least one other substance from a group including native neutral agents of wood and salts formed by di- or polyvalent cations during an hour at a temperature of 100 to 150°C and a pressure of 6 to 15 bar, after which the pressure is lowered to 0.1 to 0.2 bar; and finally, after-treating the wood by water-steaming or boiling/hot-water treating to remove the stickiness of the surface and to prevent seeping.
  • the invention is based on the idea that wood is treated with an oil composition comprising extractive agents native to wood (fatty acids, resin acids, sterolesters and other agents known as neutral agents).
  • the invention is not a biocidal wood protective chemical, but the effect of the wood protective substance of the invention is based on its physical protective effect, i.e. on preventing wood from wetting. Due to the insignificant absorption of moisture, changes due to moisture in the wood are reduced and, at the same time, a good biological protection is achieved against microbes and fungi that destroy wood.
  • the wood protective substance of the invention provides an efficient and economical wood protection completely without the use of biocides.
  • This invention uses only native compounds inherent to wood that are non-toxic, hydrophobic (lipophilic) compounds.
  • wood treated with the wood protective substance and method of the invention can be destroyed as other wood, since the agents added to the wood are completely natural.
  • the treated material can also be worked without limitations.
  • the good protective effect of the substance of the invention is based on the fact that the oil used in treating wood enters the pores of the wood material and thus, due to hydrophoby, reduces water absorption in the treated material.
  • the viscosity properties of the oil of the invention are adjusted so as to induce high absorption at a high temperature (>100°C), whereas at storage temperatures of wood ( ⁇ 80°C), the viscosity is considerably higher and the treatment substance remains in the wood and does not seep, thus forming a water repellent surface at the same time. In this way, the growth of microbes and fungi is also reduced in the wood. Treatment with the wood protective substance of the invention also reduces changes due to moisture in the wood, whereby the problematic surface cracking also decreases.
  • the second oil in the wood protective substance of the in- vention which contains free fatty acids and/or resin acids, can be any gener- ally available oil.
  • the used fatty acids can be saturated fatty acids, such as stearic acid and palmitinic acid, or unsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic acid or oleic acid.
  • crude tall oil refers generally to a composi- tion that contains fatty and resin acids native to wood and small amounts of agents known as neutral agents.
  • Crude tall oil is typically obtained as a byproduct of the kraft pulp industry by acidating the saponified extractive agents of wood, i.e. soap.
  • the acid value HL of the thus obtained crude tall oil is typically 100 to 165 mg KOH/g.
  • Differing from actual vegetable oils (e.g. linseed, rapeseed or soybean oil) fatty acids in tall oil are free and not bound as triglycerides. To bind the free fatty and resin acids in crude tall oil as esters, neutral agents of wood are added to the oil.
  • neutral agents generally comprise long-chain alcohols, such as triterpene alcohols, for instance betulinol, prenols and ster- ols.
  • Neutral agents can be obtained from wood by isolation or by extraction from soap obtained from pulp digestion by using a hydrocarbon mixture. To adjust viscosity, distillation residue of crude oil distilleries, pitch, can also be added to the mixture.
  • neutral agents are added to the crude tall oil in a quantity of 0 to 70% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight, more preferably 50% by weight.
  • the wood protective substance of the invention can also contain salts formed by bi- or polyvalent cations. These are preferably inorganic water-soluble salts, such as Ca(OH) 2 , CaCO3 or AI(OH) 3 . The quantity of these salts is typically at most 5%, preferably 0.2 to 2.0% by weight. The unesterified fatty and resin acids of crude tall oil then form sticky Ca soaps that increase the viscosity of the mixture especially at low temperatures. These salts further ensure the non-seeping of the wood protective substance from the wood. [0023] The wood protective substance of the invention preferably contains crude tall oil and neutral agents. It is then at the same time possible to adjust the crude tall oil having a pH of approximately 5 to a neutral range.
  • the wood protective substance contains the above-mentioned salts formed by bi- or polyvalent cations
  • these are first dissolved in acid water, the acid mother water of crude tall oil manufacture or aqueous crude tall oil.
  • they are added directly to aqueous crude tall oil.
  • the obtained salt solution is added to crude tall oil, if it has not already been dissolved in it, or another oil containing free fatty acids and/or resin acids. Suitable oils are mentioned above.
  • neutral agents are added and the obtained mixture is heated during a time period, which varies from a few hours to several days, at a temperature of 80 to 200°C.
  • the mixture is heat treated at 120°C so as to esterify part of the free fatty and resin acids of the crude tall oil.
  • the acid value HL of the mixture is approximately 30 to 70.
  • the formed esters are hydrophobic compounds and their viscosity properties are appropriate for wood treatment.
  • the viscosity of the mixture is low at high temperatures, which helps the wood protective substance to absorb when the wood is treated, but considerably higher at lower temperatures, whereby seeping is avoided in the treated wood.
  • the non- seeping can be improved by including in the wood protective substance the above-mentioned salts formed by bi- or polyvalent cations, such as Ca(OH) 2 , CaC0 3 orAI(OH) 3 .
  • the heat treatment time of the wood protective substance of the invention varies from a few hours to several days. Preferably, this is from one to two days.
  • the target values of the end product such as the acid value, which should be approximately 30 to 70, and the viscosity, which should be approximately 200 to 3,000 mPa-s (Brookfield, 50°C), affect the heat treatment time.
  • Treatment of the invention with the wood protective sub- stance of the invention gives wood a light-brown tint without pigment or colouring agent additions.
  • useful inorganic pigments include iron oxide pigments and carbon black.
  • Organic colouring agents are for instance azo compounds that give a blue tint, and phtalocyanine that gives a green tint.
  • the IR analysis and the definition of viscosity as a function of temperature are especially well suited as analytical methods for monitoring the quality of the obtained oil-like wood protective substance.
  • the definition of the acid value, which in this invention is done according to the SCAN-T 11:72 standard method, and the monitoring of dry matter and water content are also useful.
  • a neutral agent isolated from wood is mixed with crude tall oil (acid value 148) at a weight ratio of 1:1 without any other chemical additions, after which the mixture is heated for one day at a temperature of 120°C.
  • the dry content of the mixture was 98.5%, water content 0.1 %, acid value 49.4, pH
  • Brookfield viscosity at 50°C was 240 mPa-s and at 110°C 14 mPa-s.
  • FTIR spec- troscopy in which the ratio of esters and free acids was monitored using the corresponding IR vibration signals, was used in quality assurance for the wood protective substances according to examples 1 and 2.
  • aqueous crude tall oil (acid value 148, water content 2.0%, pH 4.8), 0.25% Ca(OH) 2 is added.
  • the mixture is heated for two days at a temperature of 120°C under agitation, whereby the dissolved Ca 2+ ions bind to the free fatty and resin acid molecules of the crude tall oil, thus increasing the viscosity of the mixture.
  • the dry content of the mixture was 98.5%, water content 0.2%, pH 7.1, the Brookfield viscosity at 50°C was 280 mPa-s and at 110°C 30 mPa-s.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show water absorption as a function of time in two different wood batches that are treated with the wood protective substance of the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a situation, in which the ends of the planks are not protected
  • Figure 2 shows a situation, in which the ends of the planks are protected with varnish.
  • Oil wood 6/02 corresponds to the wood protective substance of example 2
  • oil wood 6/02 C corresponds to the substance of example 1 containing CaC0 3 .

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une substance de protection pour le bois qui renferme du tall-oil brut ou une autre huile contenant des acides gras libres et/ou des acides résiniques et au moins une autre substance appartenant au groupe suivant: agents naturels neutres de bois et sels constitués de cations bivalents ou polyvalents. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication correspondant: lorsque la substance de protection pour le bois renferme les sels susmentionnés, ceux-ci sont d'abord dissous dans de l'eau acide, l'eau acide mère de fabrication de tall-oil brut ou le tall-oil brut aqueux ayant un pH compris entre 4,5 et 5,5. Ensuite, la solution saline résultante est ajoutée au tall-oil brut, si elle n'a pas déjà été dissoute dans le tall-oil, ou à une autre huile renfermant les acides gras libres et/ou les acides résiniques, puis les agents neutres sont ajoutés à l'huile, et le mélange résultant est chauffé durant un certain temps, entre quelques heures et plusieurs jours, à une température comprise entre 80 et 200° C.
PCT/FI2003/000616 2002-09-09 2003-08-21 Substance de protection pour le bois et procede de fabrication Ceased WO2004022291A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003255545A AU2003255545A1 (en) 2002-09-09 2003-08-21 A wood protective substance and a method for its manufacture

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20021609A FI114920B (fi) 2002-09-09 2002-09-09 Puuta suojaava aine ja menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi
FI20021609 2002-09-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004022291A1 true WO2004022291A1 (fr) 2004-03-18

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PCT/FI2003/000616 Ceased WO2004022291A1 (fr) 2002-09-09 2003-08-21 Substance de protection pour le bois et procede de fabrication

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2003255545A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI114920B (fr)
WO (1) WO2004022291A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007135222A1 (fr) * 2006-05-22 2007-11-29 Höljäkkä Oy Procédé d'imprégnation sous pression de bois ou de produits en bois avec un conservateur de bois contenant de l'huile végétale et bois imprégné
CN114953074A (zh) * 2022-05-25 2022-08-30 安徽农业大学 可进行原位修复的木材热处理方法及其所得改性木材

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI122234B (fi) 2006-08-09 2011-10-31 Hoeljaekkae Oy Puunsuoja-aine

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2373709A (en) * 1941-12-30 1945-04-17 William J Rice Coating composition and method of making same
US2448621A (en) * 1945-04-10 1948-09-07 William J Rice Composition containing tall oil resins
US2616814A (en) * 1949-09-30 1952-11-04 Mahler Paul Composition of calcium salts of tall oil and a method of making it
WO1992004166A1 (fr) * 1990-09-03 1992-03-19 Shell South Africa (Proprietary) Limited Conservateurs pour le bois
WO1996038275A1 (fr) * 1995-05-31 1996-12-05 Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus Procede d'impregnation de bois avec de l'huile
WO2003024681A1 (fr) * 2001-09-14 2003-03-27 Lignova Hb Agent de preservation du bois a base de tall-oil ou d'acides gras saponifies
WO2003024680A1 (fr) * 2001-09-14 2003-03-27 Bengt Carlsson Agent de preservation du bois contenant du tall-oil brut

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2373709A (en) * 1941-12-30 1945-04-17 William J Rice Coating composition and method of making same
US2448621A (en) * 1945-04-10 1948-09-07 William J Rice Composition containing tall oil resins
US2616814A (en) * 1949-09-30 1952-11-04 Mahler Paul Composition of calcium salts of tall oil and a method of making it
WO1992004166A1 (fr) * 1990-09-03 1992-03-19 Shell South Africa (Proprietary) Limited Conservateurs pour le bois
WO1996038275A1 (fr) * 1995-05-31 1996-12-05 Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus Procede d'impregnation de bois avec de l'huile
WO2003024681A1 (fr) * 2001-09-14 2003-03-27 Lignova Hb Agent de preservation du bois a base de tall-oil ou d'acides gras saponifies
WO2003024680A1 (fr) * 2001-09-14 2003-03-27 Bengt Carlsson Agent de preservation du bois contenant du tall-oil brut

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SAPA PRODUKTINFORMATION, KULTURHANTVERKARNA, BOX 1016, 740 21 JARLASA, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:www.kkulturhantverkarna-se> *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007135222A1 (fr) * 2006-05-22 2007-11-29 Höljäkkä Oy Procédé d'imprégnation sous pression de bois ou de produits en bois avec un conservateur de bois contenant de l'huile végétale et bois imprégné
US20090117400A1 (en) * 2006-05-22 2009-05-07 Holjakka Oy Method for pressure impregnating wood or wood products with wood preservative containing vegetable oil and impregnated wood
RU2414346C2 (ru) * 2006-05-22 2011-03-20 Хёльяккя Ой Способ пропитки под давлением древесины и лесоматериалов консервантом, содержащим растительное масло, и пропитанная древесина
US8088442B2 (en) 2006-05-22 2012-01-03 Holjakka Oy Method for pressure impregnating wood or wood products with wood preservative containing vegetable oil and impregnated wood
CN114953074A (zh) * 2022-05-25 2022-08-30 安徽农业大学 可进行原位修复的木材热处理方法及其所得改性木材

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20021609A0 (fi) 2002-09-09
AU2003255545A1 (en) 2004-03-29
FI114920B (fi) 2005-01-31
FI20021609L (fi) 2004-03-10

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