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WO2004009953A1 - Fluide calorifuge - Google Patents

Fluide calorifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004009953A1
WO2004009953A1 PCT/US2003/022364 US0322364W WO2004009953A1 WO 2004009953 A1 WO2004009953 A1 WO 2004009953A1 US 0322364 W US0322364 W US 0322364W WO 2004009953 A1 WO2004009953 A1 WO 2004009953A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
insulating fluid
viscosifiers
thermal insulating
propylene glycol
combinations
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2003/022364
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Dunaway H. Weyman
Tom S. Carter
Joseph R. Murphy
Surendra K. Mishra
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tetra Technologies Inc
Tetra Tech Inc
Original Assignee
Tetra Technologies Inc
Tetra Tech Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tetra Technologies Inc, Tetra Tech Inc filed Critical Tetra Technologies Inc
Priority to AU2003251994A priority Critical patent/AU2003251994A1/en
Publication of WO2004009953A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004009953A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/10—Liquid materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composition for a thermally insulating fluid, the method of producing a thermally insulating fluid and a method of insulating multi- walled containers. More specifically the invention relates to a thermal insulating fluid comprising one or more glycols and a viscosifier.
  • Thermal containers for foods, insulated tanks and piping for storage and transportation of temperature sensitive fluids and oil field tubing require thermal insulating qualities under varying environmental conditions.
  • thermal insulating qualities for example, gasoline storage tanks and liquid ammonia tanks. Thermal properties are necessary in the ammonia storage tanks to maintain aqueous ammonia in its liquid state, requiring temperatures below 65°F.
  • Solid-state compositions tend to be porous and allow the travel of leaked chemicals. Gels have been used to restrict the movement of leaking chemicals. Insulating compositions can decompose over time.
  • a composition with an insulating component needs to withstand the effects of time to maintain its ability to insulate.
  • a non-hazardous, thermally insulating fluid is needed that provides insulation to fluids in vessels and pipes.
  • the thermally insulating fluid of this invention has relatively low thermal conductivity as compared to previously known insulating fluids and is stable over periods of time so as to resist phase separation or decomposition.
  • the thermally insulating fluid has the rheological properties required to support the insulating fluid components and yet is pumpable so that it can be removed from the insulating container or piping if necessary.
  • One preferred thermally insulating fluid composition comprises a glycol solvent, preferably a propylene glycol solvent, a viscosifier, and optionally, an aqueous brine or other weighting agent.
  • a butylene glycol can be used as the insulating agent in combination with an aqueous brine, and, depending on temperature, the composition comprises butylene glycol as the solvent for a viscosifier and an aqueous brine.
  • the thermal insulating fluid composition of the present invention advantageously has lower thermal conductivity thereby increasing its insulating properties.
  • Glycol preferably, propylene glycol is advantageously used as the insulating agent and solvent for a viscosifier in the present composition because it has been found that the propylene glycol in combination with one or more viscosifiers have the desired lower conductive properties to produce better insulators.
  • One preferred composition can comprise a glycol solvent, preferably a glycol solvent with selected viscosifiers, for example, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl guar, xanthan, and combinations thereof, either with or without an aqueous brine solution. THERMALLY INSULATING FLUID
  • Weighting agents can be used to yield a variety of densities to meet hydraulic and thermal requirements.
  • One novel aspect of the present invention is the combination of a glycol, preferably propylene glycol, as a solvent for one or more of the selected viscosifiers with a weighting agent selected from a group consisting of soluble organic salts, soluble inorganic salts, particulate minerals and combinations thereof.
  • the present invention comprises a thermal insulating fluid of propylene glycol solvent with one or more viscosifiers measuring about 0.1% by weight to about 10% by weight.
  • the propylene glycol solvent measures about 20% to 99.9% by weight with one or more viscosifiers selected from xanthan, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl guar and combinations thereof.
  • aqueous brine concentrations measuring 0.1% to 79.9% may be added.
  • the salt of the aqueous brine is selected from NaCI, NaBr, KCI, KBr, CaCI 2 , CaBr 2 , ZnCI 2 , ZnBr 2> NaNO 3, KNO 3 , Ca(N0 3 ) 2 , Zn(NO 3 ) 2 and combinations thereof.
  • the thermal insulating fluid of the present invention comprises butylene glycol and an aqueous brine.
  • one or more viscosifiers can be added to the mixture of butylene glycol and brine, wherein the butylene glycol will act as the solvent for the viscosifiers.
  • the glycol solvent can comprise a combination of propylene glycol and butylene glycol.
  • viscosifiers can be added.
  • concentrations of the glycol solvents, viscosifiers and aqueous brine, if added, remain equivalent to the propylene glycol thermally insulating fluid described above.
  • the present invention provides a method for producing a thermal insulating fluid by adding a first viscosifier to an aqueous brine.
  • the viscosifier can be selected from hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, xanthan and hydroxy propyl guar and combination thereof. Water is then added followed by a dry salt or concentrated brine to increase the density. In a separate vessel, a second viscosifier is added to a glycol solvent. The final step combines the contents of both vessels to form the more stable thermal insulating fluid of this invention.
  • Another preferred method for producing a thermal insulating fluid utilizing two viscosifiers comprises the steps of: (a) adding a first viscosifier to an aqueous THERMALLY INSULATING FLUID brine;(b) adding water to the mixture of step (a); (c) adding a dry salt or concentrated brine to increase density; (d) in a separate vessel, adding a second viscosifier to propylene glycol; (e) combining the mixture of step (c) to the mixture of step (d).
  • the first and second viscosifiers are selected from hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, xanthan and hydroxy propyl guar and combinations thereof
  • Thermally insulating fluid can be used with multi-walled vessels such as thermal units, tanks, or concentric piping wherein two walls of the unit form a sealable cavity for receiving the insulating fluid.
  • Concentric piping for transporting fluids subject to varying temperature conditions require removable insulating fluids to maintain the temperature of the fluids being piped, pumping hydrocarbons for on/off shore oil and gas fields, for example.
  • Double-walled tanks that are used to store chemicals which must be maintained at a specific temperature also benefit from this insulating composition.
  • One example of such a use is the storage of highly volatile liquids, namely gasoline or aqueous ammonia.
  • This invention is also applicable to other thermal units, including coolers and refrigeration units, that have the common problem of undesirable heat transfer.
  • One preferred method of applying the insulating fluid composition of this invention is to inject the thermally insulating fluid into the cavity formed by the walls of the vessel or piping and then seal off the opening. If the insulating fluid needs to be removed, the opening can be unsealed and the insulating fluid pumped out in ways commonly known in the art.
  • the thermally insulating fluids may either be used alone or in combination with other insulating materials such as vacuum insulated tubing; insulation coated tubing and particulate insulating materials, namely plastics, glass beads, foams and hollow spheres.
  • the present invention relates to an innovative thermal insulating fluid, a method of producing the thermal insulating fluid and methods of insulating that are used to reduce heat transfer.
  • the insulating fluid and method of application of the composition of this invention is especially effective when used with multi-walled containers by insertion of the fluid into a sealable cavity defined by the walls.
  • the low heat conduction properties of the present thermal insulating fluid allows it to be applicable in either extremes of temperature, high heat found in deep well drilling or piping in the frozen tundra for example.
  • the composition of the present thermal insulating fluid comprises a glycol solvent for viscosifiers, one or more viscosifiers, and, optionally an aqueous brine.
  • Glycols exhibit good insulating properties when, according to the composition of this invention, they are used as a solvent for a viscosifier.
  • the glycol is a propylene glycol that can be selected from mono-propylene glycol, di-propylene glycol, tri-propylene glycol, tetra- propylene glycol or combinations thereof.
  • the one or more viscosifiers can be selected from hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose commercially available as Methocell OS from the Dow Chemical Co., xanthan commercially available as Rhodopol 23 from Rhodia, hydroxy propyl guar commercially available as Jaguar 413 from Rhodia, and combinations thereof.
  • the glycol can be butylene glycol and one preferred thermal insulating fluid comprises butylene glycol in an aqueous brine. Because butylene glycol is viscous at lower temperatures, additional viscosifiers are not necessary until the butylene glycol thermal insulating fluid is considered for use under higher temperatures conditions, above 190°F, for example.
  • Butylene glycol can be selected from 1 ,2 butylene glycol,
  • the thermal insulating fluid comprises a propylene glycol solvent for a viscosifier and a viscosifier.
  • the glycol is the solvent and water content of the fluid can range from about 0.1% to about 5.0%.
  • an aqueous brine may be added as a weighting agent.
  • the preferred thermal insulating fluid comprises a propylene glycol used as a solvent for viscosifiers in an amount comprising about 20% to 99.9% by weight, and one or THERMALLY INSULATING FLUID more viscosifiers in an amount comprising about 0.1% by weight to about 10% by weight.
  • the one or more viscosifiers can be selected from xanthan, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl guar or combinations thereof.
  • An alternative composition utilizing an aqueous brine can comprise a propylene glycol solvent for viscosifiers in an amount comprising about 20% to
  • one or more viscosifiers in an amount comprising about 0.1% by weight to about 10% by weight, the one or more viscosifiers selected from xanthan, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl guar and combinations thereof; and
  • Another preferred thermal insulating fluid comprises a propylene glycol solvent for viscosifiers, viscosifiers in an amount comprising about 0.1% by weight to about 10% by weight, the propylene glycol in an amount comprising about 20% to 99.8% by weight, the viscosifiers comprising xanthan and hydroxy propyl guar and 0.1% to 79.9% aqueous brine.
  • the present invention utilizes a thermal insulating fluid comprising a butylene glycol and an aqueous brine.
  • the thermal insulating fluid comprises a butylene glycol solvent for viscosifiers and one or more viscosifiers.
  • the thermal insulating fluid is a combination of a propylene glycol solvent and a butylene glycol solvent for viscosifiers, the viscosifiers in an amount comprising about 0.1% by weight to about 10% by weight, the combination of propylene glycol and butylene glycol in an amount comprising about 20% to 99.8%o by weight, the viscosifiers selected from xanthan, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl guar and combinations thereof.
  • An addition of 0.1 % to 79.9% aqueous brine is optional.
  • the viscosifiers comprise xanthan and hydroxy propyl guar.
  • the weighting agents used in the practice of this invention can be selected from a group consisting of soluble inorganic salts, soluble organic salts, particulate minerals and combinations thereof.
  • the one or more soluble inorganic salts are selected from NaCI, NaBr, KCI, KBr, CaCI 2 , CaBr 2 , ZnCI 2 , ZnBr 2, NaNO 3 , KNO 3 , Ca(NO 3 )2, Zn(NO 3 ) 2 and combinations thereof.
  • the THERMALLY INSULATING FLUID weighting agent can be one or more soluble organic salts selected from sodium formate, potassium formate, and/or cesium formate and combinations thereof.
  • the organic salt weighting agent can also be selected from sodium acetate, potassium acetate, and combinations thereof.
  • weighting agents can also be selected from one or more particulate minerals such as hematite, magnetite, illmenite, barite, siderite, celestite, dolomite, calcite, scheelite, apatite and combinations thereof.
  • the insulating particulates comprise microspheres such as glass microspheres, either solid glass or hollow. If hollow, the glass preferably comprises sufficient compressive strength to withstand a pressure range from about 10 psi to about 10,000 psi. The compression strength of the glass shell is selected according to the environment of the application of insulating fluid. In one preferred embodiment, the insulating particulates comprise a combination of insulating hollow glass microspheres and insulating solid particulates, for example, insulating hollow glass microspheres and solid glass microspheres.
  • the insulating particulates can comprise plastic microspheres, also having compressive strength to withstand downhole pressures.
  • the hollow insulating particulates, glass or plastic can encapsulate a fluid.
  • the cavity of the hollow spheres can be filed with a gas or liquid.
  • the particulates encapsulate air, air being one of the better insulators.
  • Additional insulating materials comprise vacuum insulated tubing, insulation-coated tubing, foams, and phase change materials in the form of coatings or particles.
  • one preferred thermal insulating fluid comprises a propylene glycol solvent for a viscosifier and hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose.
  • the addition of an aqueous brine is optional.
  • Another preferred thermal insulating fluid comprises a propylene glycol solvent for a viscosifier and a combination of xanthan and hydroxy propyl guar, optionally an aqueous brine can be added to the fluid.
  • thermal insulating fluid of this invention comprises the following: THERMALLY INSULATING FLUID
  • step (b) adding water to the mixture of step (a);
  • step (d) adding propylene glycol to the mixture of step (c).
  • An alternative method utilizing two viscosifiers comprises the steps of:
  • step (b) adding water to the mixture of step (a); (c) adding a dry salt or concentrated brine to increase density;
  • step (e) combining the mixture of step (c) to the mixture of step (d).
  • the first and second viscosifiers are selected from hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, xanthan and hydroxy propyl guar and combinations thereof
  • One preferred method for producing a thermal insulating fluid having xanthan and guar as viscosifiers comprises:
  • step (b) adding water to the mixture of step (a);
  • the aqueous brine can be selected from NaCI, NaBr, KCI, KBr, CaCI 2 , CaBr , ZnCI 2 , ZnBr 2 ⁇ NaNO 3 , KNO 3 , Ca(NO 3 )2, Zn(NO 3 ) 2 and combinations thereof.
  • Any of the above methods can further comprise the addition of a second viscosifier, hydroxyl propyl guar for example, to a combination of propylene glycol and butylene glycol in step (d).
  • a second viscosifier hydroxyl propyl guar for example
  • Concentric piping for transporting fluids subject to varying temperature conditions often require removable insulating fluids to maintain the temperature of the fluids being piped, pumping hydrocarbons on shore or offshore, for example.
  • Double- THERMALLY INSULATING FLUID walled tanks that are used to store chemicals which must be maintained at a specific temperature also benefit from this insulating composition.
  • One example of such a use is the storage of highly volatile liquids such as gasoline or aqueous ammonia.
  • This invention is also applicable to other thermal units, including coolers and refrigeration units that have the common problem of undesirable heat transfer.
  • thermally insulating fluid is in oil field production to protect the loss of heat in subterranean piping that is subject to cold weather conditions, deep sea wells, Arctic drilling, Alaska and similar environments. Many such wells have several concentric layers of piping so that the double-wall cavity is available for receiving the injected insulating fluid. Protecting the permanently frozen ground, such as permafrost from the heat of pipes transporting petrochemicals is another consideration.
  • the injection of the thermally insulating fluid of this invention between double-walled piping can reduce damage to the permafrost.
  • reference hereafter is made, for convenience and not to limit the scope of this composition or its methods.
  • Downhole piping typically comprises casing, tubing for drilling fluids and the production of the hydrocarbons and several intermediate layers of pipe.
  • the thermally insulating fluid of this invention is injected in the annulus or cavity created by two adjacent walls of piping thereby protecting the high temperatures of the production fluids from the cold temperatures of the subterranean environment.
  • One method of insulating multi-walled systems comprises injecting a thermally insulating fluid having a composition as described above in between two adjacent walls of a multi-walled or concentric walled system.
  • the concentric walls of the system form an annulus or cavity.
  • the insulating fluid of this invention can be injected into this cavity and then the cavity is sealed.
  • removal of THERMALLY INSULATING FLUID the insulating fluid can be accomplished by standard, known pumping methods because of the fluid nature of the insulation of this invention.
  • One method of insulating multi-walled pipes comprises injecting a thermally insulating fluid comprising one of the above-described compositions into the annulus or cavity defined by two of the walls of the multi-walled or concentric piping.
  • This method is adapted to insulate subterranean pipes in low temperature conditions, deep-sea bed piping for example.
  • the thermally insulating fluid can comprise an insulating microspheres or foam, such as aphrons.
  • a method for protecting permafrost can comprise insulating double-walled pipes laid within the permafrost by injecting the annulus between the adjacent walls with a thermally insulating fluid having one of the above-described compositions. The cavity can be sealed.
  • a method of insulating double-walled tanks comprises injecting the thermally insulating fluid of the present invention into the annulus defined by the adjacent walls of the tanks.
  • the annulus can be sealed and then reopened if the insulating fluid needs to be removed. Removal is by commonly known methods of pumping fluids.
  • Double-walled insulating vessels such as thermal packs or coolers can be insulated by inserting the thermally insulating fluid of this invention between the adjacent walls of the vessels.
  • a method of insulating double-walled refrigeration units comprises inserting the thermally insulating fluid having the composition described above between the adjacent walls of the refrigeration units.
  • a specialized use for the thermally insulating fluid of this invention is with protecting subsea wellheads subjected to temperature extremes.
  • the method of insulating a subsea well head and its control equipment comprises surrounding the subsea well head and its control equipment with a container, a flexible sac for example, that encloses a thermal insulating fluid having a composition selected from a group consisting of compositions as described above.
  • the thermal conductivity data for the glycerin, ethylene glycol and mono- propylene glycol are from Perry's Chemical Engineer' Handbook, 6 ed., 1984.
  • the data for the remaining materials are from manufacture's literature.
  • U.S. Patent 5,876,619 teaches the viscosification of glycerin or ethylene glycol by the addition of 1% to 3% scleroglucan and heating the mixture to 195°F for two hours, then cooling.
  • 4 grams of scleroglucan Biovis by SKW
  • was added to 356 grams of propylene glycol Drillcol 7234 by Shrieve Chemical. This resulted in a 1.1 weight % mixture.
  • Sample A is manufactured by making viscosified propylene glycol.
  • the viscosified propylene glycol is heated to between 180°F and 200°F and mixed for about 2 hours.
  • Samples B and C are manufactured by separately making viscosified brine and viscosified propylene glycol. Viscosified brine is added to the viscosified propylene glycol and mixed for 1 hour.
  • OxBan HB OxBan HB, available from Tetra Technologies, Inc.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

Composition de fluide calorifuge qui comprend un solvant à base de glycol utilisé comme améliorant de viscosité et éventuellement une saumure aqueuse. Le glycol peut être sélectionné parmi propylène glycol ou, à des températures très élevées, un butylène glycol, qui peut être utilisé avec ou sans améliorant de viscosité. Les améliorants de viscosité sont choisis parmi hydroxy propyl méthyl cellulose, xanthan et hydroxy propyl guar ou leurs combinaisons. Dans un procédé de fabrication de la composition calorifuge, un améliorant de viscosité est ajouté à une saumure aqueuse, de l'eau est ajoutée puis du sel sec, s'il est nécessaire d'augmenter la densité. On ajoute à la solution ainsi obtenue un solvant à base de propylène glycol. La composition de fluide calorifuge permet d'isoler thermiquement des substances stockées ou transportées dans des récipients à parois multiples, des réservoirs, des tuyauteries ou des unités thermales. Un procédé d'application de la composition de fluide de l'invention consiste à injecter le fluide calorifuge dans la cavité formée par deux parois adjacentes du récipient ou de la tuyauterie puis à obturer l'ouverture.
PCT/US2003/022364 2002-07-19 2003-07-17 Fluide calorifuge Ceased WO2004009953A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003251994A AU2003251994A1 (en) 2002-07-19 2003-07-17 Thermally insulating fluid

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/199,275 2002-07-19
US10/199,275 US20040011990A1 (en) 2002-07-19 2002-07-19 Thermally insulating fluid

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004009953A1 true WO2004009953A1 (fr) 2004-01-29

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2003/022364 Ceased WO2004009953A1 (fr) 2002-07-19 2003-07-17 Fluide calorifuge

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US20040011990A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003251994A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004009953A1 (fr)

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CN106967396A (zh) * 2017-02-20 2017-07-21 中国海洋石油总公司 一种低导热隔热测试液及其制备方法和用途

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CN106967396A (zh) * 2017-02-20 2017-07-21 中国海洋石油总公司 一种低导热隔热测试液及其制备方法和用途

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Publication number Publication date
AU2003251994A1 (en) 2004-02-09
US20040011990A1 (en) 2004-01-22

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