WO2004008030A1

WO2004008030A1 - Polarizer apparatus for improving the combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels

Info

Publication number: WO2004008030A1
Application number: PCT/IB2003/003208
Authority: WO
Inventors: Guido Parisi
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-07-15
Filing date: 2003-07-11
Publication date: 2004-01-22
Anticipated expiration: 2005-01-15
Also published as: ITTO20020610A1; ITTO20020610A0; AU2003281081A1

Abstract

A polarizer apparatus (7) for improving the combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels comprising a duct (75) for the passage of fuel and means for producing a magnetic field inside said duct, wherein said means comprise one or more electromagnets (72) with the relative N-S axes radially arranged with respect to said duct (75).

Description

"Polarizer apparatus for improving the combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels"

The present invention refers to a polarizer apparatus for improving the combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels. More particularly, the present invention refers to a polarizer apparatus that improves the combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels destined to feed endothermic motors, boilers, ovens and similar applications.

The polarizer apparatus according to the invention is of the type destined to be inserted into the fuel feed circuit, said fuel being in liquid or gaseous form. According to the teaching of the prior art, the insertion of a polarizer apparatus along the fuel feed line, immediately before the unit in which the combustion occurs, provokes an enhancement of the combustion that is converted into a considerable economic saving.

While crossing the magnetic field inside a polarizer apparatus, the clusters of molecules and particles composing the fuel and notoriously moving in a disorderly way, shatter by setting free molecules and single particles that get aligned by arranging themselves in an orderly way.

It is believed that this phenomenon has a beneficent effect on the efficiency of the combustion. Experimental data have shown that the use of one or more polarizer apparatuses allows to obtain a more efficient combustion both in Diesel-cycle gas-oil fed motors and in Otto-cycle gasoline or liquid gas fed motors, and both in the heating and industrial boilers fed with various types of fuels.

A polarizer apparatus of magnetic type according to the prior art provides for a series of magnets arranged at the periphery of a duct through which the fuel flows, in order to produce a magnetic field in the zone crossed by the fuel.

One of the difficulties bound to the realization of polarizer apparatuses of magnetic type derives from the necessity of being obliged to make the permanent magnets to assume a curved profile, so making it difficult to completely coat with magnets the surface of the duct within which the fuel flows. As a consequence, the intensity of the maximum obtainable magnetic field is limited and only a certain quantity of fuel is submitted in a satisfactory way to a suitable polarization treatment.

The scope of the present invention is therefore that of providing a polarizer apparatus for improving the combustion, said apparatus allowing to submit the fuel to a more complete and more intense polarization treatment with respect to the prior art.

The above and other scopes are obtained with the polarizer apparatus for improving the combustion of liquid and gaseous fuels as claimed in the hereby attached claims.

Advantageously, being the polarizer apparatus according to the invention of electromagnetic type, it is obtained a magnetic field of higher intensity than the magnetic field that would be obtained by using a polarizer apparatus of magnetic type having the same size.

The invention will be now described in a detailed way with particular reference to the attached drawings, provided as a non-limitative example, wherein:

- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a generic polarizer; - Figure 2a shows a cross-section of a first example of a polarizer apparatus according to the prior art;

- Figure 2b shows a cross-section of a second example of a polarizer apparatus according to the prior art;

- Figures 3a-3f show some variants for realising the polarizer apparatus according to the invention. With reference to Figure 1, it is shown a generic polarizer apparatus 7 comprising a housing 73 of cylindrical form in which a duct 75 for the passage of the fuel is included, said duct being coaxial to said housing 73.

For obtaining the desired effect on the fuel particles and molecules, the polarizer 7 presents inside the housing 73 appropriate means for producing a magnetic field.

In Figure 2a, it is shown a first example of polarizer apparatus 7 according to the prior art in which said magnetic field is obtained by means of a plurality of permanent magnets 71 radially arranged around a cylindrical metallic core 76 arranged around the duct 75 in which the fuel flows. With reference now to Figure 2b, it is shown a polarizer 7 of electromagnetic type according to the prior art wherein the magnetic field is obtained by means of a coil 77 wound around the duct 75. By connecting a direct or impulsive current generator to the terminals 78 of the coil 77, it is generated a magnetic field that is crossed by the fuel flowing inside the duct 75. With reference to Figure 3 a it is shown a first example of realization of the polarizer 7 of electromagnetic type according to the invention in which the magnetic field crossed by the fuel is obtained through an electromagnet 72 radially arranged around a metallic core 76 within which is provided coaxial the duct 75 for the passage of the fuel.

The electromagnet 72 is preferably obtained through a bar 74 of ferromagnetic material preferably of cylindrical form, around said bar 74 being spirally wound a coil 79 electrically fed through the corresponding terminals 80. Said bar 74, preferably realised in ferrite, is preferably joined to the core 76 by welding.

Coaxial to the metallic core 76 and to the duct 75 is provided an external protective housing 73 preferably realised by means of a sheath of synthetic material or of aluminium resistant to the corrosion, for instance of the anticorodal type, that performs a function of electromagnetic screen, on the one side by confining inside the polarizer 7 the magnetic field which the fuel is submitted to, and on the other side by preventing that external electromagnetic noise may influence the behaviour of the polarizer itself.

Between said housing 73 and said metallic core 76 there may be provided a layer 81 of filler material, for instance polystyrene.

By connecting a direct or impulsive current generator to the terminals 80 of the coil 79, it is generated a magnetic field with axis N-S radial to the duct 75 transversally crossing the duct 75 in which the fuel flows, thereby provoking the desired effect of orientation on the fuel particles and molecules. With reference to Figure 3 b it is shown a second example of electromagnetic polarizer 7 that differentiates itself from that of Figure 3 a for the presence of a pair of electromagnets 72 radially arranged around the core 76 and diametrically opposed with respect to the centre of said core 76 and of said duct 75.

Each electromagnet 72 is obtained by means of a corresponding coil 79 wound around a bar 74 realised in ferrite and radially welded on the core 76.

As it is better visible in Figure 3c showing a cross-section of the polarizer of Figure 3 b, the polarizer according to the example of Figure 3 b further provides for a core 76 subdivided into two semicircular semi-shells 76a and 76b, to each of which the bar 74 of a corresponding electromagnet 72 is welded. The two semicircular semi-shells 76a,76b will be spaced apart of some millimetres between them, but they will preferably result connected with the central duct 75 in which the fuel flows.

The coils 79 of the two electromagnets 72 will preferably be fed so that the polarity of the electromagnet turned towards the core 76 is the same. With reference to Figure 3d there is shown a variant for realising the polarizer of the Figures 3b-3c in which the core 76 is arranged inside the fuel duct 75.

According to this variant for realising the invention, the bars 74 of the electromagnets 72 are radially fixed to the duct 75 that will be located in this case outside the core 76. With reference to the Figures 3e and 3 f there are shown a perspective and a frontal view of a third type of magnetic polarizer 7 comprising a plurality of magnetic silicon laminations 40 shaped like an "E" and placed side by side and connected between them by gluing or mechanically, said laminations 40 forming a central bar 41 and two side bars 41 '.

By spirally winding a coil 79 electrically fed through the correspondents terminals 80 on each of the three bars 41,41' respectively, three electromagnets 72 are formed.

As an alternative, it is possible to wind a coil 79 only around the central bar 41, or only around the central bar 41 and around one of the two side bars 41 '.

In case three electromagnets 72 are present, the coils will be fed so that the current flowing in the central electromagnet has the same direction with respect to the current flowing in the side electromagnets, located from opposite sides with respect to the central electromagnet.

A metallic housing 43 comprising at its interior a duct 5 where the fuel flows is fixed either on the upper surface 42 of the central bar 41 or to the lower surface 44 of the magnetic polarizer 7. By connecting a direct or impulsive current generator to the terminals 80 of the central coil or also of the side coils, a magnetic field is produced with the N-S axis radial to the duct 75 in which the fuel flows, thereby provoking the desired effect of orientation on the fuel particles and molecules.

Besides, the polarizers of electromagnetic type will be advantageously provided with a LED indicator that, when turned on, indicates the passage of electric current and therefore the correct working of the polarizer, and with a protective fuse against possible overloads.

In order to prevent that the device according to the invention can overheat and be damaged thereby damaging the system in which it is installed, it is possible to provide a chip thermal switch activating itself automatically, thereby preventing the circulation of the current in the device according to the invention, when a predetermined maximum temperature is reached. In case the device according to the invention is installed in a motor vehicle, such maximum temperature will preferably be of 130 °C.

Besides, always in case of polarizers of electromagnetic type, there can be provided a rheostat for adjusting the voltage supply. Said rheostat can be of manual type or automatically controlled according to an operation parameter of the user unit like for instance the number of the motor revolutions in the case of a motor vehicle.

In the case of a motor vehicle the device according to the invention can be advantageously mounted both along the fuel feed duct to the pump or to the carburetor, and in direct correspondence with the induction manifolds.

Besides, always according to the invention, a plurality of polarizer apparatuses can be provided in series, said apparatuses being included inside a single pipe or sheath or inside single pipes connected between them. The sheath is realised in rubber or similar material that, from one side, develops a protective function against the heat and from the other side allows to adapt the device to the space available in the environment in which it has to be installed. This turns out to be particularly advantageous in case the device according to the invention has to be installed in the engine compartment of a motor vehicle.

In order to control the operative temperature of the polarizer apparatuses, a refrigerant liquid can be made to circulate in the pipe made of rubber, said liquid being for instance taken by the windshield washer of the motor vehicle or from an appropriate cup.

The experimental results obtained by using the polarizer apparatus according to the invention installed in a Diesel motor vehicle are now shown.

As it can be remarked from the central column of the previous table the average energetic saving obtained is sensibly higher in case the polarizer apparatus according to the invention is used. Furthermore, it should be remarked that by using the polarizer apparatus according to the invention, an improvement in terms of energetic saving is obtained after having travelled sensibly less with respect to the prior art.

The same satisfactory results have been obtained in the tests carried out on boilers and methane gas fed ovens.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Polarizer apparatus (7) for improving the combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels comprising a duct (75) for the passage of the fuel and means (72) for producing a magnetic field inside said duct (75), characterised in that said means comprise at least one electromagnet (72) having the N-S axis radially arranged with respect to the axis of said duct (75). 2. Polarizer apparatus (7) according to the claim 1, wherein said at least one electromagnet

(72) comprises a coil (79) wound around a bar (74;41) of ferromagnetic material, for instance ferrite, said ferrite bar being radially arranged with respect to said duct (75). 3. Polarizer apparatus (7) according to claim 2, wherein between said duct (75) and said at least one electromagnet (72) is provided a cylindrical metallic core (76) arranged substantially coaxial with respect to said duct (75), which said ferrite bar (74) is radially fixed to. 4.Polarizer apparatus (7) according to claim 2, wherein a metallic cylindrical core (76) arranged substantially coaxial with respect to said duct (75) and inside said duct (75) is provided, said ferrite bar (74) being radially fixed to said duct (13). 5. Polarizer apparatus (7) according to claims 3 or 4, wherein an external insulating sheath

(73) is provided coaxial to said core (76) and to said duct (75), said sheath being preferably made of anticorodal aluminium. ό.Polarizer apparatus (7) according to claim 5, wherein a layer (81) of filler material is provided between said sheath (73) and said core (76) or between said sheath (73) and said duct (75).

7.Polarizer apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said filler material is polystyrene.

8. Polarizer apparatus according to claims 3 or 4, wherein said core (76) comprises a pair of semi-shells (76a,76b), each of said semi-shells comprising at least one of said electromagnets (72).

9.Polarizer apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said two semi-shells (76a,76b) are spaced apart of some millimetres and are put in contact with the central duct (75) in which the fuel flows. lO.Polarizer apparatus (7) according to claim 2, wherein said bar (41) is obtained by placing side by side and by connecting between them a plurality of magnetic laminations (40) having the form of an "E", said laminations further forming two side bars (41') located from opposite sides with respect to said bar (40). 11. Polarizer apparatus (7) according to claim 10, wherein a coil (79) is wound on at least one of said two side bars (41 ,41 ').

12.Polarizer apparatus (7) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein a direct or impulsive current generator for feeding said at least one electromagnet (72), a LED indicator indicating the presence of power supply to the electromagnet and a protective fuse against possible overloads are provided. 13. Polarizer apparatus (7) according to any of the preceding claims, in which said polarizer apparatus (7) comprises a thermal switch breaking the circulation of the current in said apparatus (7) when a predetermined maximum temperature is reached.