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WO2004005611A1 - Carbonisation de liqueur noire - Google Patents

Carbonisation de liqueur noire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004005611A1
WO2004005611A1 PCT/FI2003/000532 FI0300532W WO2004005611A1 WO 2004005611 A1 WO2004005611 A1 WO 2004005611A1 FI 0300532 W FI0300532 W FI 0300532W WO 2004005611 A1 WO2004005611 A1 WO 2004005611A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
black liquor
set forth
liquor
coal dust
coal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI2003/000532
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ilari Seppä
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CA002491897A priority Critical patent/CA2491897A1/fr
Priority to AU2003238131A priority patent/AU2003238131A1/en
Priority to EP03735748A priority patent/EP1532313A1/fr
Publication of WO2004005611A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004005611A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C11/00—Regeneration of pulp liquors or effluent waste waters
    • D21C11/12—Combustion of pulp liquors
    • D21C11/125—Decomposition of the pulp liquors in reducing atmosphere or in the absence of oxidants, i.e. gasification or pyrolysis

Definitions

  • the most important components of wood are essentially a-cellulose, consisting of hexose chains, hemicellulose, consisting of pentose chains, as well as lignin, also consisting of vanillin-like units in a variety of forms.
  • the purpose in pulping is to recover as much as possible both a- and hemicellulose by dissolving the lignin component bonding these together.
  • Lignin dissolves in sulphate cooking liquor with the aid of white liquor NaOH and Na 2 S as sodium lignosulphonate. After separating pulp from alkaline cooking liquor by filtering, the remainder will be black liquor.
  • Cooking chemicals are recovered therefrom by burning black liquor concentrated as highly as possible in a soda recovery boiler.
  • the chemistry of combustion is also quite complicated, but briefly it results in decomposition of sodium lignosulphonate, and the sulphate sulphur contained therein reduces to sulphide and the sodium is present in molten ash as Na 2 C0 3 .
  • This molten ash is quenched and dissolved, and the result is green liquor as it is yellowish green in colour.
  • the green liquor is causticized, i.e. a carbonate ion is replaced with a hydroxyl ion Obtained from Ca(OH) 2 by using CaO.
  • sodium sulphate Na 2 S0 4
  • the lignin of black liquor decomposes in pyrolysis as temperature is rising to form H 2 O, CO 2 , CO, and C. What ultimately remains is pulverized coal. Cooking chemicals react spontaneously with pyrolysis products to ultimately form Na 2 CO 3 , COS, and H 2 S, with C and CO functioning as reducing agents.
  • solid intermediates may comprise for example Na 2 S, Na 2 S 2 , Na 2 S 2 0 3 .
  • Gaseous intermediates may comprise COS, S 2 , H 2 S 2 or CS 2 , as well as mer captans (CH 3 )S(CH 3 ), (CH 3 )S 2 (CH 3 ), (CH 3 )SH and (CH 3 )S 2 H.
  • Drying is effected on black liquor as highly concentrated as possible. Drying must always involve coal dust for bringing it as evenly distributed as possible to a reduction process. The best way to do this is to admix in black liquor some of the coal produced thus far.
  • C and CO activate, together with water vapour resulting from drying, a series of decomposing and reducing reactions, the ultimate result being C and Na 2 C0 3 , as well as gases H 2 0, CO, COS and H 2 S.
  • the developed coal dust must be separated in dry state from a product stream.
  • the dried black liquor has no time to pulverize to a dust form, the coal being thus more readily separable as powder by means of dry separators. Consequently, the reducing process must be provided with a sufficient delay time.
  • the pyrolysis product obtained from the dry matter of black liquor comprises carbon and soda roughly to less than a half.
  • the coal dust, and Na 2 C0 3 contained therein can be recovered separately and the gases COS and H 2 S are recovered by means of an alkaline scrubber. Since the reaction of CO 2 with NaOH is very slow, Na 2 CO 3 develops in quite a small amount. Some of the coal appeared in the form of such a fine dust that it was air-borne as the reactor lid was opened.
  • coal dust If coal dust is not allowed to become very finely pulverized, it can be separated in dry state from an exhaust gas flow. This facilitates greatly the treatment thereof, the sulphide sulphur having been recovered separately.
  • the obtained raw coal can be calcinated further for separating volatile components. Hence, it can be pulverized to very fine dust, which requires no further elutriation. It can also be pelletized and activated.
  • Black liquor can be pyrolyzed in a reducing atmosphere to coal dust.
  • Na 2 C0 3 was dissolved with water from coal. It should be appreciated that Na 2 C0 3 has a negative solubility, i.e. more of it dissolves in cold water than in hot water. Sulphide sulphur is recovered from a gas phase by absorbing it in an alkaline solution.
  • the causticization is followed by blending together the obtained Na 2 S- and NaOH-solutions for the preparation of alkaline cooking liquor.
  • the finest coal dust and CO contained in exhaust gases will be exploited as a heat source in a carbonization process.
  • a soda recovery boiler becomes superfluous.
  • the factory's own energy demand can be satisfied by using refined coal dust, either by a gas turbine or a residual heat boiler, as much as its own demand requires.
  • the rest of the produced coal can be sold and used in place of heavy fuel oil, or else as a source of coal for various applications.
  • the drum is topped by a hood for cutting heat losses.
  • Inside the drum 25 mm nuts for grinding bodies were installed.
  • the ends had openings for feeding black liquor and discharging gases. The purpose was to clarify the behaviour of black liquor in pyrolysis.
  • the drum was supplied with 10 liters of 70% black liquor. By the time the last moistures started to escape from black liquor, the same began to expand or swell like foamed plastic, and nearly dry black liquor extruded out of the ends like a sausage along with exhaust gases. This was collected and re-fed in small batches.
  • coal was studied and it was found that all black liquor had carbonized.
  • calcinated soda was extracted from coal. Coaling was followed by only a slight accumulation of ash, and even that was greenish as a result of metal alloys present in the drum wall and grinding bodies.
  • thermometer was installed for measuring the drum's internal temperature, which measured the temperature at the accuracy of about a degree, but the real temperature is probably 10°-20°C lower due to thermal radiation from the drum surface to the sensor.
  • the sensor's measuring point was in the middle of the drum in longitudinal direction, so the temperatures of the ends are probably within the same accuracy range.
  • the drum's rotating speed could be adjusted by adjusting the motor's cycling speed.
  • the previously used 25 mm nuts were replaced with 25 mm hard chrome- plated balls, the number of which is 200.
  • the drum was fitted with (at least) one 50 mm thick rod with a length almost equal to that of the drum for enhancing the grinding during the drying process.
  • a small gear pump was installed for metering black liquor, which had a delivery of 10 seconds at the intervals of one minute. The metering and rest periods could be adjusted steplessly.
  • the employed setup delivered 28 liters of 30% black liquor over 7 hours.
  • the entire support frame of the apparatus was reconstructed.
  • the only components of the old apparatus included a drum and a liquid-gas heating mechanism and an insulated hood for reducing heat losses.
  • the theory for the method proved correct.
  • the discussed method can be used for the recovery of pulping chemicals, sulphur in a gas phase separately from soda.
  • the organic matter of black liquor can be used for producing carbon which is much purer than what is obtained for example from pit coal, for specific applications.
  • the discussed coal is one of the renewable natural resources. It is very difficult to obtain coal dust from wood, which would be equally fine and would contain equally few volatile components.
  • Dry separation is a primary way of separating coal dust. Therefore, coal dust must be sufficiently coarse-grained, not completely misty. However, the finest coal dust, capable of passing through dry separation, is recovered in wet separation.
  • a secondary method is a water scrubber upstream of an alkaline scrubber, which immediately picks up even fine coal dust.
  • coal dust be separated from water (as quickly as possible) before the soda contained in carbon begins to dissolve.
  • Sulphur containing gases CO and H 2 S
  • lime carbon + soda + hydrogen sulphide
  • coal dust must be separated at a stage as early as possible from sludge, for example by nanofiltering or by using a filter press and polyelectrolytes before its soda has time to dissolve too much. Soda is causticized from carbon after extraction.

Landscapes

  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de désintégration dans lequel le matériau ligneux est soumis à une cuisson avec de la liqueur blanche. On sépare ensuite la pulpe chimique de la liqueur noire qui en résulte, laquelle liqueur noire est concentrée. La liqueur noire concentrée issue de la désintégration est soumise à pyrolyse dans une atmosphère réductrice, ce qui produit une poussière de charbon. La soude (Na2CO3) et le sulfure d'hydrogène (H2S) qui en résultent sont récupérés pour recyclage. L'oxyde sulfure de carbone (COS) ainsi obtenu se décompose en sulfure d'hydrogène lors de la récupération de gaz, la soude séparée est caustifiée en NaOH sans présence de Na2S, lequel est utilisé lors de l'opération précédente pour l'absorption de sulfure d'hydrogène en vue de la production de liqueur de cuisson alcaline (liqueur blanche).
PCT/FI2003/000532 2002-07-08 2003-07-02 Carbonisation de liqueur noire Ceased WO2004005611A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002491897A CA2491897A1 (fr) 2002-07-08 2003-07-02 Carbonisation de liqueur noire
AU2003238131A AU2003238131A1 (en) 2002-07-08 2003-07-02 Carbonizing of black liquor
EP03735748A EP1532313A1 (fr) 2002-07-08 2003-07-02 Carbonisation de liqueur noire

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20021337 2002-07-08
FI20021337A FI20021337L (fi) 2002-07-08 2002-07-08 Mustalipeän hiilletys

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004005611A1 true WO2004005611A1 (fr) 2004-01-15

Family

ID=8564319

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2003/000532 Ceased WO2004005611A1 (fr) 2002-07-08 2003-07-02 Carbonisation de liqueur noire

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1532313A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003238131A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2491897A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI20021337L (fr)
WO (1) WO2004005611A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110420624A (zh) * 2019-08-22 2019-11-08 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 一种多孔生物质炭基磷酸盐吸附剂及其制备方法和应用
CN113457845A (zh) * 2021-08-02 2021-10-01 瑞燃(上海)环境工程技术有限公司 一种用于处理油烟尾气的装置及其工艺方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1200117B (de) * 1958-09-11 1965-09-02 Billeruds Ab Verfahren zur Wiedergewinnung schwefelfreier Natriumverbindungen in Form von Soda aus Natrium- und Schwefelverbindungen enthaltenden Zellstoffablaugen
US4439272A (en) * 1982-01-13 1984-03-27 Nguyen Xuan T Pulp mill residual liquor recovery process
US4971781A (en) * 1988-09-02 1990-11-20 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Working up sodium sulfate-containing residues

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1200117B (de) * 1958-09-11 1965-09-02 Billeruds Ab Verfahren zur Wiedergewinnung schwefelfreier Natriumverbindungen in Form von Soda aus Natrium- und Schwefelverbindungen enthaltenden Zellstoffablaugen
US4439272A (en) * 1982-01-13 1984-03-27 Nguyen Xuan T Pulp mill residual liquor recovery process
US4971781A (en) * 1988-09-02 1990-11-20 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Working up sodium sulfate-containing residues

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110420624A (zh) * 2019-08-22 2019-11-08 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 一种多孔生物质炭基磷酸盐吸附剂及其制备方法和应用
CN110420624B (zh) * 2019-08-22 2022-02-22 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 一种多孔生物质炭基磷酸盐吸附剂及其制备方法和应用
CN113457845A (zh) * 2021-08-02 2021-10-01 瑞燃(上海)环境工程技术有限公司 一种用于处理油烟尾气的装置及其工艺方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2491897A1 (fr) 2004-01-15
FI20021337A7 (fi) 2004-01-09
FI20021337A0 (fi) 2002-07-08
EP1532313A1 (fr) 2005-05-25
AU2003238131A1 (en) 2004-01-23
FI20021337L (fi) 2004-01-09

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