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WO2004000636A2 - Procede et appareil de transport de gaz naturel comprime dans un environnement marin - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de transport de gaz naturel comprime dans un environnement marin Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004000636A2
WO2004000636A2 PCT/US2003/020262 US0320262W WO2004000636A2 WO 2004000636 A2 WO2004000636 A2 WO 2004000636A2 US 0320262 W US0320262 W US 0320262W WO 2004000636 A2 WO2004000636 A2 WO 2004000636A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipeline
module
vessel
natural gas
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2003/020262
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2004000636A3 (fr
Inventor
Eric N. Smith
Charles W. Nelson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU2003261091A priority Critical patent/AU2003261091A1/en
Publication of WO2004000636A2 publication Critical patent/WO2004000636A2/fr
Publication of WO2004000636A3 publication Critical patent/WO2004000636A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/36—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for floating cargo
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/002—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for goods other than bulk goods
    • B63B25/006—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for goods other than bulk goods for floating containers, barges or other floating cargo
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/14—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed pressurised
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/19—Other loading or unloading equipment involving an intermittent action, not provided in groups B63B27/04 - B63B27/18
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/003—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for for transporting very large loads, e.g. offshore structure modules
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
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    • F17C2201/05—Size
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0118—Offshore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0118—Offshore
    • F17C2270/0126—Buoys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0118—Offshore
    • F17C2270/0128—Storage in depth
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
    • F17C2270/0136—Terminals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F17C2270/0173—Railways

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to storage and transportation of compressed natural gas under pressure in a self-sustaining module housing a continuous pipeline.
  • the modular system can be used for the storage of compressed natural gas in a marine environment or in a terrestrial environment.
  • transport vessel a specially configured new, purpose built, or existing, semi-submersible heavy lift vessel, heavy lift vessel or other special built transport vessel (collectively herein also referred to as "transport vessel"), the modular system can also be used for transportation of compressed natural gas in a marine environment.
  • a heavy lift vessel is designed to carry very large, bulky cargoes on an open deck and asemi-submersible vessel is designed with a ballast system to enable the cargo deck or weather deck to submerge below the water, allowing the floating cargo to be positioned over the weather deck area and secured on the deck when the vessel is de-ballasted and the deck rises above the water.
  • the present invention relates to an improved method and apparatus for 1) storage of compressed natural gas in a module housing a pipeline at the source of natural gas, 2) transportation of compressed natural gas using a specially configured new, purpose built, or existing, semi-submersible heavy lift vessel, heavy lift vessel or other special built transport vessel that carries such module housing a pipeline and 3) offloading and storage of compressed natural gas in a module housing a pipeline at the terminal location or destination, while the module is 1) in a floating mode on the surface of the water, or 2) suspended beneath the surface of the water, or 3) supported with a specially configured new, purpose built, or existing vessel.
  • the module can be transferred to or from the marine transport or storage vessel from a dock or from an adjacent waterway having sufficient draft to float the module and to float the specially configured new, purpose built, or existing, semi-submersible heavy lift vessel or other special built transport vessel (herein also referred to as"transport vessel").
  • transport vessel specially configured new, purpose built, or existing, semi-submersible heavy lift vessel or other special built transport vessel.
  • the module may also be removed from the marine transport vessel and utilized for free standing storage of compressed natural gas on land or in a marine environment either on the surface or submerged below the water surface.
  • the module has an interior with a continuous pipeline comprised of metal and/or light weight composite material that includes multiple layers, each layer having generally straight sections and curved sections that are preferably formed by induction bending of the metal pipe, with or without composite reinforcing, or custom built using only light weight composite material, or a combination of metal and light weight composite material.
  • the contained pipeline is continuous and is supported, in layers, by a pipe support system that is also the subject of this invention.
  • Marine vessels have been used to transport compressed gas in the medium known as liquid petroleum gas (LPG) typically in a mixture of c2, c3, and c4 linear saturated hydrocarbons at a relatively low pressure and at ambient temperature.
  • LPG liquid petroleum gas
  • the marine vessel typically has a plurality of containers that carry the compressed gas.
  • ship based systems have been proposed for transporting compressed natural gas (comprising chiefly methane (cl) with small quantities of c2 through c4 saturated hydrocarbons).
  • Such systems have typically proposed a plurality of containers that are in fluid communication using a manifold system.
  • One system employs a spool with pipe wrapped upon the spool, each layer contacting the previous layer.
  • FIG. 1 An example of a ship based system for a compressed natural gas transport is US Patent 5,803,005 issued to Stenning et al.
  • the Stenning O05 patent discloses a ship based system for compressed natural gas transport that utilizes a ship having a plurality of gas cylinders.
  • the plurality of gas cylinders are configured into a plurality of compressed gas storage cells.
  • Each compressed gas storage cell consists of between 3 and 30 gas cylinders connected by a cell manifold to a single control valve.
  • a high pressure manifold is provided including means for connection to shore terminals.
  • a low pressure manifold is provided including means for connection to shore terminals.
  • a sub manifold extends between each control valve to connect each storage cell to both the high pressure manifold and the low pressure manifold. Valves are provided for controlling the flow of gas through the high pressure manifold and the low pressure manifold.
  • the Stenning '383 and '460 patents disclose a method of transporting gas to a gas distribution facility including obtaining a supply of gas at a gas supply point remote from the gas distribution facility, injecting the gas into a continuous pipe bent to form plural layers, each layer including plural loops of pipe, transporting the continuous pipe along with the gas to the gas distribution facility preferably in a ship and discharging the gas at the gas distribution facility. It is preferred that cooling of the pipe during discharging of the gas be conserved so that during subsequent filling the pipe is initially cool. During filling, the gas pressure is said to be maintained as constant as possible for example by controlled release of an incompressible liquid from the pipe as the pipe is filled with gas.
  • Bishop report provides a design of a pipe storage transportation system for gas. The report also considers the option of using a ship or a barge for this purpose.
  • US Patent application No. 2002/0046457A1 was published April 25, 2002, naming inventors as William Bishop, Charles White and David Pemberton.
  • the published Bishop et al. patent application discusses methods and apparatus for transporting compressed gas.
  • the methods and apparatus for transporting compressed gas include a gas storage system having a plurality of pipes connected by a manifold whereby the gas storage system is designed to operate in the range of the optimum compressibility factor for a given composition of gas.
  • the pipe for the gas storage system is said to be preferably large diameter pipe made of a high strength material whereby a low temperature is selected which can be withstood by the material of the pipe.
  • This publication states that by knowing the compressibility factor of the gas, the temperature, and the diameter of the pipe, the wall thickness of the pipe may be calculated for the pressure range of the gas at the selected temperature.
  • the gas storage system may either be modular or be part of the structure of a vessel for transporting the gas to the storage system. Since the pipe provides a bulkhead around the gas, the gas storage system may be used in a single hull vessel. The gas storage system further includes enclosing the pipes in a chilled nitrogen atmosphere. A displacement fluid may be used to offload the gas from the gas storage system.
  • a vessel with the gas storage system designed for a particular composition gas produced at a given location is used to transport gas from that producing location to offloading ports hundreds, or thousands, of miles from the producing location.
  • the present invention provides an improved method and apparatus for transporting compressed natural gas in a marine environment and storing compressed natural gas in a marine environment or terrestrial environment.
  • the method of the present invention includes the step of providing a heavy lift vessel that has a weather deck or lower deck area. This weather deck or lower deck is bounded by port and starboard sides that extend above the weather or lower deck.
  • a hollow buoyant module is provided that contains a continuous pipeline, the pipeline including multiple layers, each layer having alternating straight pipe sections and bend sections.
  • the pipeline can be continuous pipeline or comprised of various joints of pipe.
  • the pipeline will have a bore of a substantially constant diameter.
  • the pipeline can include multiple substantially straight metal pipe sections having bends at either end portion that are formed using induction bending.
  • the pipeline can include straight or bend sections manufactured using metallic pipe wrapped with light-weight, high strength composite materials composed of carbon fiber, fiberglass , aramid or other high tensile strength filaments bound by polymeric resin.
  • the pipeline can include straight or bend sections manufactured using lightweight, high strength composite materials composed of carbon fiber, fiberglass , aramid or other high tensile strength filaments bound by polymeric resin.
  • the multiple pipeline layers are supported at differing elevations within the module.
  • the module can then be transferred to the transport vessel.
  • the transport vessel, equipped with module and pipeline, can then travel to a natural gas source and be loaded with compressed natural gas.
  • the transfer of the module to the semi-submersible heavy lift vessel includes the step of ballasting the semi-submersible heavy lift vessel and module relative to one another.
  • the buoyant module preferably provides a top, bottom and a plurality of side walls.
  • the transport vessel is a semi-submersible heavy lift vessel and the method includes ballasting the semi-submersible heavy lift vessel relative to the module when the module is to be loaded on the transport vessel or unloaded from the transport vessel.
  • Ballasting of the semi-submersible heavy lift vessel is preferably used to lower the weather deck a selected distance so that the weather deck is submerged and the module can be safely floated over the weather deck for transfer to the semi-submersible heavy lift vessel.
  • the semi-submersible heavy lift vessel then can be de-ballasted up until the weather deck area is above sea level. In this position, the weather deck supports the module so that the combination of semi-submersible heavy lift vessel and module can travel to or from a selected natural gas source.
  • the method of loading the module can include sliding the module from land to the semi-submersible heavy lift vessel weather deck area.
  • the method of loading involves lifting multiple modules into a purpose-built, non-semi-submersible hull, utilizing a lifting device or devices that provide, e.g. external crane capacity.
  • the module may be unloaded from the semi-submersible heavy lift vessel by ballasting methods in the water or by sliding the module onto land, in a reverse operation from the loading steps described above. Thereafter, the module maybe used for static storage in a permanent or semi-permanent location on land or on the surface of the water or underwater, either suspended below the surface or resting on the bottom of the waterway, lake, bay or ocean.
  • Figure 1 is an elevation view of the preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a partially cut away plan view of the preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figures 4-5 are schematic views illustrating pipe layer arrangements for use with the preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a sectional view taken along lines 6-6 of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of the preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention showing transfer of the module to the semi-submersible heavy lift vessel at a dock;
  • Figure 8 is a perspecti e view of the preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention showing transfer of the module to the semi-submersible heavy lift vessel at a dry dock;
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of the preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention showing transfer of the module from a marine transport vessel to a storage position on land;
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of the preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention showing transfer of the module from the semi-submersible heavy lift vessel to land wherein the module is located in a final storage position;
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective fragmentary view of the preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention showing the pipe support in detail;
  • Figure 12 is a fragmentary view of the preferred embodiment of me apparatus of the present invention showing an alternate pipe support
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view illustrating pipe sections and field welds for one of the pipe layers
  • Figure 14 is a schematic plan view illustrating field welds for one of the layers
  • Figure 14A is a fragmentary view showing an about 180 degree induction bend part of the module pipeline
  • Figure 15 is a perspective fragmentary view illustrating attachment of the semi- submersible heavy lift vessel of the present invention to a known mooring and unloading arm;
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view illustrating the top layer pipe layout for a barge type module
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view illustrating the second and fourth layers of the pipe layout for a barge type module
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view illustrating the third and fifth layers of the pipe layout for a barge type module
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view illustrating the sixth layer for a pipe layout for a barge type module.
  • Figure 20 is a fragmentary, sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention showing barge module and pipeline.
  • FIGS 1-2 and 7-8 show generally the preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention designated generally by the numeral 10.
  • Compressed gas transport apparatus 10 includes a semi-submersible heavy lift vessel 11 that has a bow 12, stern 13, port side 14, starboard side 15, upper deck 16 and lower or weather deck 17.
  • the semi-submersible heavy lift vessel 11 also includes a hull bottom 18, port deck wall 19 and starboard deck wall 20.
  • a space 24 is provided between port deck wall 19, starboard deck wall 20 and above weather deck 17 for carrying module 25.
  • a module 25 can be carried by the semi-submersible heavy lift vessel 11.
  • Module 25 canbe inserted into or removed from space 24.
  • Module 25 can be a floating hull such as a barge.
  • Module 25 provides an interior 32 that carries a module pipeline 45.
  • the pipeline 45 includes multiple sections that are joined together end to end by welds in the case of metal materials, or by polymeric adhesives or mechanical joints in the case of composite pipe materials.
  • Pipeline 45 includes multiple layers, such as the eight layer arrangement shown in figures 3-6. Another eight layer arrangement is shown in figures 16-19.
  • hi order to load module 25 upon semi-submersible heavy lift vessel 11 two options are shown in the drawings in Figures 7 and 8.
  • a load out is shown using rails, skidways or skid beams 23.
  • the semi-submersible heavy lift vessel 11 is positioned next to land 21 , floating in water 22 and ballasted so that the lower or weather deck 17 is at about the same elevation as the elevation of land 21 upon which module 25 rests.
  • Arrow 26 in Figure 7 illustrates the sliding movement of module 25 upon beams
  • module 25 is shown in a graving dock or dry dock 70 having a gate 71 that can be closed to prevent water from entering the dry dock 70 such as during construction of module 25.
  • the gate 71 can be opened to flood the dry dock 70 so that module 25 floats.
  • Module 25 can then be moved in the direction of arrows 28-31 from an initial position inside dry dock 70 to the adjacent body of water 22 and then to lower deck 17 of semi-submersible heavy lift vessel 11. During this transfer, semi- submersible heavy lift vessel 11 is ballasted down a distance that submerges lower deck
  • FIG. 17 so that the module 25 can be floated into an area 24 that is directly above lower or weather deck 17 and in between port deck wall 19 and starboard deck wall 20.
  • the semi- submersible heavy lift vessel 11 is then de-ballasted up until lower deck 17 is above sea level and water surface 27.
  • the vessel 11 and its contained module 25 can travel to a selected source of contained compressed natural gas.
  • the module 25 can be filled with compressed natural gas at the selected source, and then travel to its ultimate destination for unloading.
  • Figure 9 and 10 illustrate an unloading of a module 25 from vessel 20.
  • FIGS 9 and 10 show method steps that are utilized when the module 25 is to be unloaded from the semi-submersible heavy lift vessel 11 by ballasting the water or by sliding as shown in figures 8 and 9 in a reverse operation from the loading steps of figure 7.
  • Winch 31 can pull module 25 from vessel 11 to land 21 as it slides upon rails 23.
  • the module 25 may be used for static storage in a permanent or semi-permanent location on land 21 while on the surface of the water 22 or suspended below the surface of the water, or on the bottom.
  • module 25 has a module interior 32 that contains pipeline 45.
  • Module 25 can be shaped to include a bottom 34, top 33, port side 35, starboard side 36, bow 37 and stern 38.
  • a plurality of longitudinally extending bulkheads 39 can be provided as shown in Figure 11.
  • Reinforcing can be provided to module 25 under the pipeline 45 and above bottom 34, including a plurality of diagonal braces 49 and a plurality of vertical braces 50.
  • the pipeline layers are supported by a plurality of pipe supports 40. As shown in
  • each pipe support 40 includes a web 41 , upper flange 42, and lower flange 43.
  • a curved bearing pad 44 is sized and shaped to conform to the outer surface 46 of the pipeline 45.
  • the pipeline 45 is cradled with two pipe supports 40, one placed under the pipeline 45 at a selected location and one placed above the pipeline at about the same location.
  • the pipeline 45 has an outer surface 46, a pipeline bore 47 for holding compressed natural gas and is comprised of a plurality of straight sections and bend sections as shown in Figures 3-5 and 13-20.
  • a plurality of the pipe supports 40 are assembled as shown, a plurality of circular openings 48 are provided through which a section of pipeline 45 passes.
  • Figure 12 shows a non-metallic (e.g.
  • polymeric support 40 A having upper surface 41 A with bearing pads 44A, lower surface 43 A, and opposing generally vertical end faces 41B.
  • the pipeline can be supported by a mass of encapsulating polymeric material (e.g. sprayed) that both supports and insulates the pipeline 45.
  • the entire interior 32 of the module 25 could be filled with an insulating material.
  • pipe supports 40, 40A are used (figures 6, 11 , 12, 20)
  • the interior 32 of module 25 could be filled with an inert gas.
  • weep holes 80 can be provided in the selected pipe support 40 or 40A as shown. These weep holes 80 insure that the inert gas will flow freely throughout the entire interior 32 of module 25.
  • FIG. 3 there are eight layers of pipe sections.
  • a plurality of the pipe layers are similarly configured.
  • the pipe layout for the first and fifth layers 51 can be substantially identical.
  • the pipe layer 52 (figure 4) for the second, fourth, sixth and eighth layers can be substantially identical.
  • the pipe layer 53 (figure 5) for the third and seventh layers can be identical.
  • cross overs 54-60 are shown for connecting a pipe layer to the pipe layer above it.
  • Each of the layers of pipe 51, 52, 53 includes longitudinal straight sections, transverse straight sections, and bend sections.
  • a cross over is a section of pipe that extends from one layer to another layer that is either above or below it.
  • sections of pipe can be prefabricated to provide either an asymmetric bending of metal pipe or pipe that is custom built from light weight composite material, in the case of 90 degree bends; or a symmetric bend section using induction bending of metal pipe or pipe that is custom built from light weight composite material, in the case of 180 degree bends.
  • a section of pipe that is, for example, 40 or 50 or 60 feet( 12.2 or 15.2 or 18.3 meters) long is induction bent, in case of metal, or custom built with a bend (in case of composite material), at one end portion to provide a prefabricated bend.
  • the prefabricated pipe section containing a bend and one or more long straight pieces (e.g.
  • Figures 13-14, 14A illustrate the various asymmetric sections 68, 68A of pipe having induction bends 69 before they are to be assembled together with straight pipe sections 72 using field welds or composite connections at 73.
  • pipe can be cut from an elongated string of pipe sections that are connected together.
  • various pieces of pipe can be welded end to end to form a pipeline stalk of about 450 feet(l 37.2 meters) in length.
  • pipe can be made up in desired lengths to minimize the number of connections.
  • each of the different straight sections 72 can be cut to a preferred length before field welding of metal or connection of composite materials.
  • a 180 degree symmetric bend section 68 A (figure 14A) the same applies.
  • a mooring or unloading arm In order to load or offload compressed natural gas, a mooring or unloading arm
  • Such mooring/ unloading arms 66 can be provided. Such mooring/ unloading arms 66 are known in the art. They can be carried on board fixed or floating structures 67 including F.P.S.O.S (floating production storage and off-loading). A fitting 65 on the vessel 11 enables a connection to be made between pipeline 45 and mooring unloading arm 66.
  • a module can be placed on the FPSO for the purpose of providing storage of compressed natural gas from oil and gas production at an offshore location.
  • a module can be placed on the surface of the water or submerged below the surface for the purpose of providing storage of compressed natural gas.
  • an alternate pipe and module arrangement 74 is shown in the form of a barge module 75 utilizes a generally rectangular barge that has exemplary dimensions of 100 feet (30.5 meters) wide and 400 feet(121.9 meters) long.
  • the pipeline 76 is of a plurality of six layers stacked directly one upon the other in order to minimize vertical stacking and maximize payload.
  • layer 76 is a first and top layer.
  • Layer 77 (figure 17) is the same for the second and fourth layers.
  • Layer 78 (figure 18) is the same configuration for the third and fifth layers.
  • Layer 79 (figure 19) is the configuration for the sixth layer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil de transport ou de stockage de gaz naturel comprimé dans un environnement marin, assuré par un bâtiment transporteur de charges lourdes comprenant une zone de pont supérieur limitée par des côtés ou parois avant et arrière bâbord et tribord s'étendant au-dessus du pont supérieur. Un module flottant contient un pipeline, ledit pipeline comprenant de multiples coudes et de multiples couches. Le pipeline est supporté à différentes hauteurs dans le module intérieur de manière que les diverses sections du pipeline soient, de préférence, séparées pour permettre une inspection extérieure visuelle et/ou à distance (par exemple un contrôle radar, à rayons X, acoustique, ou autre type de contrôle extérieur non destructeur) de la surface extérieure du pipeline. Le pipeline présente un alésage continu pouvant être raclé pour procéder à des inspections internes. Le module peut être transféré dans un bâtiment transporteur de charges lourdes ou peut flotter. Le bâtiment transporteur de charges lourdes et le module combinés peuvent se déplacer jusqu'à un emplacement sélectionné pour procéder au chargement et au déchargement du gaz naturel comprimé. Le module peut être placé dans un environnement marin pour servir de dispositif de stockage de gaz naturel comprimé.
PCT/US2003/020262 2002-06-25 2003-06-25 Procede et appareil de transport de gaz naturel comprime dans un environnement marin Ceased WO2004000636A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003261091A AU2003261091A1 (en) 2002-06-25 2003-06-25 Method and apparatus for transporting compressed natural gas in a marine environment

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US39127602P 2002-06-25 2002-06-25
US60/391,276 2002-06-25

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WO2004000636A3 WO2004000636A3 (fr) 2004-10-21

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EP2465764A3 (fr) * 2010-12-14 2013-03-06 J. Ray McDermott, S.A. Procédé de déchargement de coque de spar
AU2011254009B2 (en) * 2010-12-14 2013-04-18 J. Ray Mcdermott, S.A. Spar hull load out method
EP2961649B1 (fr) * 2013-02-28 2017-09-20 Keppel Offshore & Marine Technology Centre Pte Ltd Navire de transport de charges lourdes et d'appui logistique intégrés
WO2020161211A1 (fr) * 2019-02-06 2020-08-13 Sllp 134 Limited Système de stockage de gaz
GB2581178B (en) * 2019-02-06 2022-06-08 Sllp 134 Ltd Gas storage system
GB2613374A (en) * 2021-12-01 2023-06-07 Subsea 7 Norway As Subsea hydrogen storage system
GB2613374B (en) * 2021-12-01 2024-06-26 Subsea 7 Norway As Subsea hydrogen storage system
EP4441416A1 (fr) 2021-12-01 2024-10-09 Subsea 7 Norway AS Système de stockage d'hydrogène sous-marin

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US20040060497A1 (en) 2004-04-01
AU2003261091A1 (en) 2004-01-06
WO2004000636A3 (fr) 2004-10-21
AU2003261091A8 (en) 2004-01-06

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