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WO2004083352A1 - Produit de lavage ou de nettoyage reduisant les germes et procede de preparation dudit produit - Google Patents

Produit de lavage ou de nettoyage reduisant les germes et procede de preparation dudit produit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004083352A1
WO2004083352A1 PCT/EP2004/002576 EP2004002576W WO2004083352A1 WO 2004083352 A1 WO2004083352 A1 WO 2004083352A1 EP 2004002576 W EP2004002576 W EP 2004002576W WO 2004083352 A1 WO2004083352 A1 WO 2004083352A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
silver
washing
cleaning
acid
agents
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
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PCT/EP2004/002576
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernhard Orlich
Gerhard Blasey
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Priority to EP04719943A priority Critical patent/EP1670885A1/fr
Publication of WO2004083352A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004083352A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/046—Salts
    • C11D3/048—Nitrates or nitrites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
    • C11D3/1206—Water-insoluble compounds free metals, e.g. aluminium grit or flakes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
    • C11D3/1213—Oxides or hydroxides, e.g. Al2O3, TiO2, CaO or Ca(OH)2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/48—Medical, disinfecting agents, disinfecting, antibacterial, germicidal or antimicrobial compositions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to washing, cleaning or washing aids which have germ-reducing effects, i.e. reduce the number of germs on the surfaces treated or in contact with them.
  • the group of detergents includes in particular universal detergents, color detergents, special detergents for colored and / or fine laundry and detergents for special applications such as curtain detergents in solid or liquid form.
  • Cleaning agents are especially those for manual or machine dishwashing, cleaning agents for hard surfaces in the household such as floor cleaning agents, window cleaners and other cleaning or wiping agents in solid or liquid form.
  • Washing aids are especially fabric softeners, starch agents, separate bleaches, water softeners or other washing additives in solid or liquid form.
  • antimicrobial agents are described in the prior art for this purpose. Depending on the antimicrobial spectrum and mechanism of action, a distinction is made between bacteriostatics and bactericides, fungistatics and fungicides, etc. Suitable antimicrobial agents are preferably selected from the groups of alcohols and amines.
  • Important substances from these groups are, for example, benzalkonium chlorides, alkylarylsulfonates, halophenols and phenol mercuric acetate.
  • silver can be incorporated into washing or cleaning agents or washing aids as a cost-effective, easy-to-process and tolerable, and ecologically and health-friendly, germ-reducing agent.
  • the invention relates to a washing, cleaning or washing aid containing silver in elemental and / or oxidized form.
  • Silver or silver ions have a blocking effect on thiol enzymes in microorganisms and thus have a high bactericidal and fungicidal activity. Silver also has a germicidal effect.
  • antimicrobial activity and antimicrobial active substance have the customary meaning, as used, for example, by KH Wall conferenceußer in "Practice of Sterilization, Disinfection - Preservation: Germ Identification - Industrial Hygiene” (5th ed. - Stuttgart; New York: Thieme, 1995 ) is played.
  • the washing, cleaning or washing aids according to the invention preferably contain the silver or the silver compound (s) in certain amounts.
  • the silver (Ag °) content is always considered to be Basis of calculation used. If an agent according to the invention contains, for example, 100 mg of silver chloride per kg, its silver content is 73.53 mg per kg.
  • Washing, cleaning or washing aids according to the invention which are in solid form and silver (calculated as Ag) in amounts of 0.1 to 1000 mg / kg, preferably 1 to 500 mg / kg, particularly preferably 2 to 250 mg / kg, more preferably from 3 to 150 mg / kg and in particular from 4 to 100 mg / kg, are preferred according to the invention.
  • the amounts of silver are preferably based on the volume and not on the mass.
  • Flowable in the sense of the present application are agents according to the invention which are pourable and can have viscosities up to several 10,000 mPas.
  • the viscosity of the agents according to the invention can be determined using customary standard methods (for example Brookfield viscometer LVT-II at 20 rpm and 20 ° C, spindle 3) and is preferably in the range from 500 to 10000 mPas.
  • Preferred detergent compositions have viscosities from 1000 to 8000 mPas, values between 1300 to 5000 mPas being particularly preferred.
  • Preferred detergents, cleaning or washing aids according to the invention contain silver (calculated as Ag) in amounts from 0.1 to 200 mg / l, preferably from 1 to 100 mg / l, particularly preferably from 2 to 75 mg / l, further preferably from 3 to 50 mg / l l and in particular from 4 to 10 mg / l.
  • a particularly preferred washing, cleaning or washing aid according to the invention is characterized in that it is made up as a fabric softener which contains 0.5 to 50% by weight of cationic surfactant (s).
  • Such fabric softeners according to the invention have the advantage that the laundry items come into contact with the germ-reducing silver in a final treatment cycle of the washing machine, as a result of which the number of bacteria on the surface of the laundry items is reduced again.
  • the agent itself has a germ-reducing effect and in this way prevents the softener dosing compartment becoming contaminated with bacteria, which often manifests itself in unsightly black discoloration and deposit formation, which arouses displeasure among consumers.
  • the other ingredients of fabric softener according to the invention are described below.
  • silver is used either in elemental form or in the form of its compounds.
  • Preferred washing, cleaning or washing aids according to the invention contain silver in elemental form (Ag °), the silver having particle sizes from 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably from 0.2 to 80 ⁇ m and in particular from 0.25 to 60 ⁇ m ,
  • Such silver dusts can, for example, be added to the finished solid or liquid agent and can serve as so-called “powdering agents". However, they can also be added during manufacture, for example granulated.
  • washing, cleaning or washing aids according to the invention which contain silver in elemental (Ag °) and colloidal form, the silver particle sizes from 0.001 to 0.1 ⁇ m, preferably from 0.002 to 0.05 ⁇ m and in particular from 0.005 to 0.01 ⁇ m.
  • Such silver colloids can either be prepared separately and added to liquid agents according to the invention or applied to solid agents according to the invention. However, it is also possible to generate the silver colloid directly in liquid agents according to the invention, details of which will be given later.
  • washing, cleaning or washing aids in oxidized form, ie in the form of silver compounds.
  • Washing, cleaning or washing aids according to the invention which contain silver in oxidized form (Ag + ) are preferred here, the silver salts silver acetate, silver bromide, silver carbonate, silver chloride, silver nitrate, silver oxide, silver phosphate, silver sulfate, silver thiosulfate, or mixtures thereof being preferred ,
  • the processability of dusting silver compounds or of silver with small particle sizes can be improved by applying the silver or the silver compound (s) to carrier materials.
  • Suitable carrier materials can be used, for example, with solutions or suspensions or dispersions impregnated with silver compounds and / or colloidal silver solutions or mixed with finely divided silver and / or silver compounds.
  • Builders are particularly suitable as carrier materials.
  • highly porous substances such as silicas, for example pyrogenic silicas, bentonites, polymeric materials or diatomaceous earth (“diatomaceous earth”) can also serve as carrier materials.
  • detergents, cleaning agents or auxiliary washing agents according to the invention are preferred in which the silver or the silver compound (s) is applied to carrier materials, preferably builders.
  • the composite particles made of carrier material and silver or silver compound can optionally have further ingredients.
  • activating noble metals such as gold or palladium, which activate the germ-reducing effect of silver in the slightest traces, has proven itself.
  • other substances for example ingredients of washing or cleaning agents, can also be applied to or incorporated into the composite particles.
  • so-called small components such as dyes and fragrances, optical brighteners, polymers, etc. are suitable, provided that they are compatible with the carrier material and the silver.
  • washing, cleaning or auxiliary washing agents according to the invention can contain all the usual ingredients of washing or cleaning agents. These are described below.
  • the washing or cleaning agents according to the invention preferably contain surfactant (s), it being possible to use anionic, nonionic, cationic and / or amphoteric surfactants. From an application point of view, preference is given to mixtures of anionic and nonionic surfactants in textile detergents, the proportion of anionic surfactants being greater than the proportion of nonionic surfactants.
  • the total surfactant content of the washing or Cleaning agent is preferably below 30% by weight, based on the total agent.
  • the nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol residue can be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position or may contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals.
  • EO ethylene oxide
  • alcohol ethoxylates with linear residues of alcohols of native origin with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example from coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and an average of 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol are particularly preferred.
  • the preferred ethoxylated alcohols for example, C ⁇ ⁇ 4 2- include - alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C9-11 alcohol containing 7 EO, C 13- ⁇ 5 alcohols containing 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO , C 12-18 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures thereof, such as mixtures of C 12-14 alcohol with 3 EO and C 12 . 18 alcohol with 5 EO.
  • the degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical averages, which can be an integer or a fraction for a specific product.
  • Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE).
  • fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples include tallow fatty alcohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO.
  • alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) x can also be used as further nonionic surfactants, in which R denotes a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular methyl-branched aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18, C atoms and G is the symbol which stands for a glycose unit with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably for glucose.
  • the degree of oligomerization x which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is any number between 1 and 10; x is preferably 1.2 to 1.4.
  • nonionic surfactants which are used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants, are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in particular fatty acid methyl esters.
  • Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type for example N-coconut alkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallow alkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamides can also be suitable.
  • the amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, in particular not more than half of them.
  • Nonionic surfactants to be used preferably have melting points above 25 ° C, particularly preferred nonionic surfactants have melting points between 25 and 60 ° C, in particular between 26.6 and 43.3 ° C.
  • Suitable nonionic surfactants which have melting or softening points in the temperature range mentioned are, for example, low-foaming nonionic surfactants which can be solid or highly viscous at room temperature. If highly viscous nonionic surfactants are used at room temperature, it is preferred that they have a viscosity above 20 Pas, preferably above 35 Pas and in particular above 40 Pas. Nonionic surfactants that have a waxy consistency at room temperature are also preferred.
  • Preferred nonionic surfactants to be used at room temperature originate from the groups of the alkoxylated nonionic surfactants, in particular the ethoxylated primary alcohols and mixtures of these surfactants with structurally more complicated surfactants such as polyoxypropylene / polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene (PO / EO / PO) surfactants.
  • Such (PO / EO / PO) nonionic surfactants are also characterized by good foam control.
  • the nonionic surfactant with a melting point above room temperature is an ethoxylated nonionic surfactant which results from the reaction of a monohydroxyalkanol or alkylphenol having 6 to 20 carbon atoms with preferably at least 12 mol, particularly preferably at least 15 mol, in particular at least 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol or alkylphenol has resulted.
  • a particularly preferred nonionic surfactant which is solid at room temperature is obtained from a straight-chain fatty alcohol having 16 to 20 carbon atoms (C 16-20 alcohol), preferably a C 18 alcohol and at least 12 mol, preferably at least 15 mol and in particular at least 20 mol, of ethylene oxide , Among these, the so-called “narrow ranks ethoxylates" (see above) are particularly preferred.
  • the nonionic surfactant which is solid at room temperature, preferably has additional propylene oxide units in the molecule.
  • Such PO units preferably make up up to 25% by weight, particularly preferably up to 20% by weight and in particular up to 15% by weight of the total molar mass of the nonionic surfactant.
  • Particularly preferred nonionic surfactants are ethoxylated monohydroxyalkanols or alkylphenols which additionally have polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer units.
  • the alcohol or alkylphenol part of such nonionic surfactant molecules preferably makes up more than 30% by weight, particularly preferably more than 50% by weight and in particular more than 70% by weight of the total molar mass of such nonionic surfactants.
  • nonionic surfactants to be used with particular preference and having melting points above room temperature contain 40 to 70% of one
  • Nonionic surfactants which can be used with particular preference are available, for example, from the company Olin Chemicals under the name Poly Tergent® SLF-18.
  • Another preferred surfactant can be represented by the formula
  • R 1 O [CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) O] x [CH 2 CH 2 O] y [CH 2 CH (OH) R 2 ] describe in which R 1 represents a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 4 to 18 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, R 2 denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 26 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof and x denotes values between 0.5 and 1, 5 and y represents a value of at least 15.
  • nonionic surfactants are the end-capped poly (oxyalkylated) nonionic surfactants of the formula
  • R 1 and R 2 represent linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals having 1 to 30 carbon atoms
  • R 3 represents H or a methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n- Butyl, 2-butyl or 2-methyl-2-butyl radical
  • x stands for values between 1 and 30, k and j stand for values between 1 and 12, preferably between 1 and 5. If the value x ⁇ 2, each R 3 in the above formula can be different.
  • R 1 and R 2 are preferably linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, radicals having 8 to 18 carbon atoms being particularly preferred.
  • H, -CH 3 or -CH 2 CH 3 are particularly preferred for the radical R 3 .
  • Particularly preferred values for x are in the range from 1 to 20, in particular from 6 to 15.
  • each R 3 in the above formula can be different if x ⁇ 2.
  • the value 3 for x has been chosen here by way of example and may well be larger, the range of variation increasing with increasing x values and including, for example, a large number (EO) groups combined with a small number (PO) groups, or vice versa ,
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are as defined above and x stands for numbers from 1 to 30, preferably from 1 to 20 and in particular from 6 to 18. Particularly preferred are surfactants in which the radicals R 1 and R 2 has 9 to 14 C atoms, R 3 represents H and x assumes values from 6 to 15.
  • nonionic surfactants which are used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants, are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated, fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in particular fatty acid methyl ester.
  • Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type for example N-coconut alkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallow alkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamides can also be suitable.
  • the amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, in particular not more than half of them.
  • Suitable surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula below,
  • RCO stands for an aliphatic acyl radical with 6 to 22 carbon atoms
  • R ⁇ for hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms
  • [Z] for a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical with 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups.
  • the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are are known substances which can usually be obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride.
  • the group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the following formula,
  • R represents a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms
  • R 1 represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
  • R 2 represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical or an oxyalkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms
  • C 1-4 -alkyl or phenyl radicals being preferred
  • [Z] being a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted by at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propylated Derivatives of this rest.
  • [Z] is preferably obtained by reductive amination of a sugar, for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
  • a sugar for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
  • the N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst.
  • the nonionic surfactant content of preferred washing or cleaning agents according to the invention which are suitable for textile washing is 5 to 20% by weight, preferably 7 to 15% by weight and in particular 9 to 14% by weight, in each case based on the total agent.
  • Low-foaming nonionic surfactants are preferably used in automatic dishwashing detergents.
  • anionic, cationic and / or amphoteric surfactants can also be used, these being of only minor importance because of their foaming behavior in automatic dishwashing detergents and mostly only in amounts below 10% by weight, mostly even below 5% by weight .-%, for example from 0.01 to 2.5 wt .-%, each based on the agent.
  • these surfactants are of significantly greater importance in detergents.
  • the washing or cleaning agents according to the invention can thus also contain anionic, cationic and / or amphoteric surfactants as the surfactant component.
  • the agents according to the invention can contain, for example, cationic compounds of the formulas I, II or III as cationic active substances:
  • agents according to the invention which are formulated as fabric softeners contain cationic surfactant (s) of the formulas (I), (II) and / or (III).
  • Preferred fabric softeners contain 0.5 to 50% by weight, preferably 1 to 45% by weight and in particular 2.5 to 40% by weight of at least one cationic surfactant, cationic surfactants of the formula (I) being preferred.
  • Anionic surfactants used are, for example, those of the sulfonate and sulfate type.
  • the surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably C 9-13 -alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefin sulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates of the type obtained, for example, from C 12-18 monoolefins with a terminal or internal double bond by sulfonating Gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of the sulfonation products.
  • alkanesulfonates obtained from C 12-18 alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization.
  • the esters of ⁇ -sulfofatty acids for example the ⁇ -sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, are also suitable.
  • Suitable anionic surfactants are sulfonated fatty acid glycerol esters.
  • Fatty acid glycerol esters are to be understood as meaning the mono-, di- and triesters and their mixtures as obtained in the production by esterification of a monoglycerol with 1 to 3 moles of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to 2 moles of glycerol.
  • Preferred sulfonated fatty acid glycerol esters are the sulfonation products of saturated fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, for example caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or behenic acid.
  • alk (en) yl sulfates are the alkali and in particular the sodium salts of the sulfuric acid half esters of C 12 -C 18 fatty alcohols, for example from coconut oil alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C 10 -C 20 oxo alcohols and those half esters of secondary alcohols of this chain length prefers.
  • alk (en) yl sulfates of the chain length mentioned which contain a synthetic, petrochemical-based straight-chain alkyl radical which have a degradation behavior analogous to that of the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials.
  • the C 12 -C 16 alkyl sulfates and C 12 -C 5 alkyl sulfates and C 14 -C 15 alkyl sulfates are preferred from a washing-technical point of view.
  • 2,3-alkyl sulfates which can be obtained as commercial products from Shell Oil Company under the name DAN ®, are suitable anionic surfactants.
  • the sulfuric acid monoesters of the straight-chain or branched C 7-21 alcohols ethoxylated with 1 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide such as 2-methyl-branched C 9-11 alcohols with an average of 3.5 mol of ethylene oxide (EO) or C 12-18 - Fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO are suitable. Because of their high foaming behavior, they are used in cleaning agents only in relatively small amounts, for example in amounts of 1 to 5% by weight.
  • Suitable anionic surfactants are also the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccinates or as sulfosuccinic acid esters and which are monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and especially ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
  • alcohols preferably fatty alcohols and especially ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
  • Preferred sulfosuccinates contain C 8-18 fatty alcohol residues or mixtures thereof.
  • Particularly preferred sulfosuccinates contain a fatty alcohol residue, which is derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, which in themselves are nonionic surfactants (description see below).
  • sulfosuccinates the fatty alcohol residues of which are derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols with a narrow homolog distribution, are particularly preferred. It is also possible to use alk (en) ylsuccinic acid with preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl chain or salts thereof.
  • Soaps are particularly suitable as further anionic surfactants.
  • Saturated and unsaturated fatty acid soaps are suitable, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, (hydrogenated) erucic acid and behenic acid, and in particular soap mixtures derived from natural fatty acids, for example coconut, palm kernel, olive oil or tallow fatty acids.
  • the anionic surfactants, including the soaps can be in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and also as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
  • the anionic surfactants are preferably in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, in particular in the form of the sodium salts.
  • the anionic surfactant content of preferred textile detergents according to the invention is 5 to 25% by weight, preferably 7 to 22% by weight and in particular 10 to 20% by weight, in each case based on the total composition.
  • Cleaning agents according to the invention for machine dishwashing are preferably free from anionic surfactants.
  • preferred agents additionally contain one or more substances from the group of builders, bleaching agents, bleach activators, enzymes, electrolytes, non-aqueous solvents, pH adjusting agents, fragrances, perfume carriers, fluorescent agents, dyes, hydrotopes, foam inhibitors, silicone oils, antiredeposition agents, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, anti-shrink agents, anti-crease agents, color transfer inhibitors, antimicrobial agents, germicides, fungicides, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, antistatic agents, ironing aids, phobing and impregnating agents, swelling and sliding agents and UV absorbers.
  • the builders that can be contained in the agents according to the invention include, in particular, phosphates, silicates, aluminum silicates (in particular zeolites), carbonates, salts of organic di- and polycarboxylic acids and mixtures of these substances.
  • phosphates as builder substances are usually phosphate-based and preferably contain 30 to 70% by weight, particularly preferably 35 to 65% by weight and in particular 45 to 60% by weight of phosphate (s), in each case based on the total agent.
  • phosphate phosphate
  • the alkali metal phosphates with particular preference for pentasodium or pentapotassium triphosphate (sodium or potassium tripolyphosphate), have the greatest importance in the detergent and cleaning agent industry.
  • Alkali metal phosphates is the general term for the alkali metal (especially sodium and potassium) salts of the various phosphoric acids, in which one can distinguish between metaphosphoric acids (HPO 3 ) n and orthophosphoric acid H 3 PO 4 in addition to higher molecular weight representatives.
  • the phosphates combine several advantages: They act as alkali carriers, prevent limescale deposits on machine parts and lime incrustations in fabrics and also contribute to cleaning performance.
  • potassium dihydrogen phosphate NaH 2 PO 4
  • disodium hydrogen diphosphate Na 2 H 2 P 2 O 7
  • trisodium phosphate tetrasodium diphosphate (sodium pyrophosphate)
  • Na P 2 O 7 tertiary sodium phosphate
  • Na 3 PO 4 sodium trimetaphosphate
  • Maddrell's salt Maddrell's salt
  • potassium dihydrogen phosphate KH 2 PO 4
  • dipotassium hydrogen phosphate secondary or, dibasic potassium phosphate
  • K 2 HPO tripotassium phosphate (tertiary or tribasic potassium phosphate)
  • l ⁇ 3PO 4 potassium polyphosphate (KPO 3) x
  • Potassium diphosphate potassium pyrophosphate
  • K 4 P 2 O 7 .
  • Sodium and potassium phosphates in which one can differentiate cyclic representatives, the sodium or potassium metaphosphates and chain-like types, the sodium or potassium polyphosphates. A large number of terms are used in particular for the latter: melt or glow phosphates, Graham's salt, Kurrol's and Maddrell's salt. All higher sodium and potassium phosphates are collectively referred to as condensed phosphates.
  • pentasodium triphosphate Na 5 P 3 O 10 (sodium tripolyphosphate)
  • sodium tripolyphosphate sodium tripolyphosphate
  • n 3
  • About 17 g of the salt of water free of water of crystallization dissolve in 100 g of water at room temperature, about 20 g at 60 ° and around 32 g at 100 °; after heating the solution at 100 ° for two hours, hydrolysis produces about 8% orthophosphate and 15% diphosphate.
  • pentasodium triphosphate In the production of pentasodium triphosphate, phosphoric acid is reacted with sodium carbonate solution or sodium hydroxide solution in a stoichiometric ratio and the solution is dewatered by spraying. Similar to Graham's salt and sodium diphosphate, pentasodium triphosphate dissolves many insoluble metal compounds (including lime soaps, etc.). Pentapotassium triphosphate, K5P3O10 (potassium tripolyphosphate), takes shape, for example a 50 wt .-% solution (> 23% P 2 O 5 , 25% K 2 O) in the trade.
  • the potassium polyphosphates are widely used in the detergent and cleaning agent industry. There are also sodium potassium tripolyphosphates which can also be used in the context of the present invention. These occur, for example, when hydrolyzing sodium trimetaphosphate with KOH:
  • these can be used just like sodium tripolyphosphate, potassium tripolyphosphate or mixtures of these two; Mixtures of sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium potassium tripolyphosphate or mixtures of potassium tripolyphosphate and sodium potassium tripolyphosphate or mixtures of sodium tripolyphosphate and potassium tripolyphosphate and sodium potassium tripolyphosphate can also be used according to the invention.
  • Suitable crystalline, layered sodium silicates have the general formula NaMSi x O 2x + ⁇ H 2 O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x 2, 3 or 4.
  • Preferred crystalline layered silicates of the formula given are those in which M represents sodium and x assumes the values 2 or 3. In particular, both ß- and ⁇ -
  • the delay in dissolution compared to conventional amorphous sodium silicates can be caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compacting / compression or by overdrying.
  • the term “amorphous” is also understood to mean “X-ray amorphous”.
  • Such so-called X-ray amorphous silicates also have a delay in dissolution compared to conventional water glasses. Compacted / compacted amorphous silicates, compounded amorphous silicates and over-dried X-ray amorphous silicates are particularly preferred.
  • the finely crystalline, synthetic and bound water-containing zeolite used is preferably zeolite A and / or P.
  • zeolite P zeolite MAP® (commercial product from Crosfield) is particularly preferred.
  • zeolite X and mixtures of A, X and / or P are also suitable.
  • Commercially available and can preferably be used in the context of the present invention for example a co-crystallizate of zeolite X and zeolite A (about 80% by weight of zeolite X) ), which is sold by CONDEA Augusta SpA under the brand name VEGOBOND AX ® and by the formula
  • the zeolite can be used as a spray-dried powder or as an undried stabilized suspension that is still moist from its production.
  • the zeolite can contain minor additions of nonionic surfactants as stabilizers, for example 1 to 3% by weight, based on zeolite, of ethoxylated C 12 -C 8 fatty alcohols with 2 to 5 ethylene oxide groups , C 12 -C 14 fatty alcohols with 4 to 5 ethylene oxide groups or ethoxylated isotridecanols.
  • Suitable zeolites have an average particle size of less than 10 ⁇ m (volume distribution; measurement method: Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 18 to 22% by weight, in particular 20 to 22% by weight, of bound water.
  • Trisodium citrate and / or pentasodium tripolyphosphate and / or sodium carbonate and / or sodium bicarbonate and / or gluconates and / or silicate builders from the class of disilicates and / or metasilicates are preferably used.
  • Alkali carriers can be present as further constituents. Alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal hydrogen carbonates,
  • Alkali metal sesquicarbonates alkali silicates, alkali metasilicates, and mixtures of the abovementioned substances, the alkali metal carbonates, in particular sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate or sodium sesquicarbonate, preferably being used for the purposes of this invention.
  • a builder system containing a mixture of tripolyphosphate and sodium carbonate is particularly preferred.
  • a builder system containing a mixture of tripolyphosphate and sodium carbonate and sodium disilicate is also particularly preferred.
  • washing, rinsing or cleaning agents according to the invention which additionally contain one or more substances from the group of the acidifying agents, chelate complexing agents or the deposit-inhibiting polymers.
  • Both inorganic acids and organic acids are suitable as acidifiers, provided that these are compatible with the other ingredients.
  • the solid mono-, oligo- and polycarboxylic acids can be used in particular for reasons of consumer protection and handling safety. From this group, preference is again given to citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, oxalic acid and polyacrylic acid.
  • the anhydrides of these acids can also be used as acidifying agents, maleic anhydride and succinic anhydride in particular being commercially available.
  • Organic sulfonic acids such as amidosulfonic acid can also be used. Sokalan ® DCS (trademark of BASF), a mixture of succinic acid (max. 31% by weight), glutaric acid (max. 50% by weight) and adipic acid (commercially available and also preferably used as an acidifying agent in the context of the present invention) max. 33% by weight).
  • Chelating agents are substances which form cyclic compounds with metal ions, with a single ligand occupying more than one coordination point on a central atom, ie being at least "bidentate". In this case, stretching is normally carried out Connections closed to form rings by complex formation via an ion. The number of ligands bound depends on the coordination number of the central ion.
  • Common chelate complexing agents preferred in the context of the present invention are, for example, polyoxycarboxylic acids, polyamines, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA).
  • Complex-forming polymers that is to say polymers which carry functional groups either in the main chain themselves or laterally to it, which can act as ligands and which generally react with suitable metal atoms to form chelate complexes, can be used according to the invention.
  • the polymer-bound ligands of the resulting metal complexes can originate from only one macromolecule or can belong to different polymer chains. The latter leads to the crosslinking of the material, provided that the complex-forming polymers were not previously crosslinked via covalent bonds.
  • Complexing groups (ligands) of conventional complex-forming polymers are iminodiacetic acid, hydroxyquinoline, thiourea, guanidine, dithiocarbamate, hydroxamic acid, amidoxime, aminophosphoric acid, (cycl.) Polyamino, mercapto, 1,3-dicarbonyl - And crown ether residues with z. T. very specific Activities against ions of different metals.
  • the base polymers of many commercially important complex-forming polymers are polystyrene, polyacrylates, polyacrylonitriles, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl pyridines and polyethyleneimines. Natural polymers such as cellulose, starch or chitin are also complex-forming polymers. In addition, these can be provided with further ligand functionalities by polymer-analogous conversions.
  • Hydroxyl groups is at least 5, (ii) nitrogen-containing mono- or polycarboxylic acids, (iii) geminal diphosphonic acids, (iv) aminophosphonic acids, (v) phosphonopolycarboxylic acids, (vi) cyclodextrins
  • polycarboxylic acids a) are understood to mean carboxylic acids - also monocarboxylic acids - in which the sum of carboxyl and the hydroxyl groups contained in the molecule is at least 5.
  • Complexing agents from the group of nitrogen-containing polycarboxylic acids, in particular EDTA, are preferred. At the alkaline pH values of the treatment solutions required according to the invention, these complexing agents are at least partially present as anions. It is immaterial whether they are introduced in the form of acids or in the form of salts. In the case of use as salts, alkali, ammonium or alkylammonium salts, in particular sodium salts, are preferred.
  • Deposit-inhibiting polymers can also be contained in the agents according to the invention. These substances, which can have different chemical structures, originate, for example, from the groups of low molecular weight polyacrylates with molecular weights between 1000 and 20,000 daltons, polymers with molecular weights below 15,000 daltons being preferred.
  • Deposit-inhibiting polymers can also have cobuilder properties.
  • Organic cobuilders which can be used in the dishwasher detergents according to the invention are, in particular, polycarboxylates / polycarboxylic acids, polymeric polycarboxylates, aspartic acid, polyacetals, dextrins, other organic cobuilders (see below) and phosphonates. These classes of substances are described below.
  • Usable organic builders are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids which can be used in the form of their sodium salts, polycarboxylic acids being understood to mean those carboxylic acids which carry more than one acid function.
  • these are citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), as long as such use is not objectionable for ecological reasons, and mixtures of these.
  • Preferred salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids and mixtures of these.
  • the acids themselves can also be used.
  • the acids typically also have the property of an acidifying component and thus also serve to set a lower and milder pH value of detergents or cleaning agents.
  • citric acid Succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid and any mixtures of these.
  • Polymeric polycarboxylates are also suitable as builders or scale inhibitors; these are, for example, the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example those with a relative molecular weight of 500 to 70,000 g / mol.
  • the molecular weights given for polymeric polycarboxylates are weight-average molecular weights M w of the particular acid form, which were determined in principle by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC), a UV detector being used.
  • GPC gel permeation chromatography
  • the measurement was carried out against an external polyacrylic acid standard, which provides realistic molecular weight values due to its structural relationship to the polymers investigated. This information differs significantly from the molecular weight information for which polystyrene sulfonic acids are used as standard.
  • the molecular weights measured against polystyrene sulfonic acids are generally significantly higher than the molecular weights given in this document.
  • Suitable polymers are in particular polyacrylates, which preferably have a molecular weight of 500 to 20,000 g / mol. Because of their superior solubility, the short-chain polyacrylates with molecular weights from 1000 to 10000 g / mol, and particularly preferably from 1000 to 4000 g / mol, can in turn be preferred from this group.
  • Both polyacrylates and copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids, monomers containing sulfonic acid groups and optionally other ionic or nonionic monomers are particularly preferably used in the agents according to the invention.
  • the copolymers containing sulfonic acid groups are described in detail below.
  • copolymeric polycarboxylates in particular those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid.
  • Copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid which contain 50 to 90% by weight of acrylic acid and 50 to 10% by weight of maleic acid have proven to be particularly suitable.
  • Their relative molecular weight, based on free acids, is in general 2000 to 70,000 g / mol, preferably 20,000 to 50,000 g / mol and in particular 30,000 to 40,000 g / mol.
  • the (co) polymeric polycarboxylates can be used either as a powder or as an aqueous solution.
  • the content of (co) polymeric polycarboxylates in the agents is preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight, in particular 3 to 10% by weight.
  • biodegradable polymers composed of more than two different monomer units, for example those which contain salts of acrylic acid and maleic acid as well as vinyl alcohol or vinyl alcohol derivatives as monomers or those which contain salts of acrylic acid and 2-alkylallylsulfonic acid and sugar derivatives as monomers ,
  • Further preferred copolymers are those which preferably have acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or acrolein and vinyl acetate as monomers.
  • polymeric aminodicarboxylic acids their salts or their precursor substances.
  • Polyaspartic acids or their salts and derivatives are particularly preferred which, in addition to cobuilder properties, also have a bleach-stabilizing effect.
  • polyacetals which can be obtained by reacting dialdehydes with polyolcarboxylic acids which have 5 to 7 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups.
  • Preferred polyacetals are obtained from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and mixtures thereof and from polyol carboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic acid.
  • dextrins for example oligomers or polymers of carbohydrates, which can be obtained by partial hydrolysis of starches.
  • the hydrolysis can be carried out by customary, for example acid or enzyme-catalyzed, processes. They are preferably hydrolysis products with average molar masses in the range from 400 to 500,000 g / mol.
  • DE dextrose equivalent
  • the oxidized derivatives of such dextrins are their reaction products with oxidizing agents which are capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the saccharide ring to the carboxylic acid function.
  • a product oxidized at C 6 of the saccharide ring can be particularly advantageous.
  • Oxydisuccinates and other derivatives of disuccinates are further suitable cobuilders.
  • ethylenediamine-N, N'-disuccinate (EDDS) is preferably in the form of its sodium or magnesium salts.
  • Glycerol disuccinates and glycerol trisuccinates are also preferred in this context. Suitable amounts used in formulations containing zeolite and / or silicate are 3 to 15% by weight.
  • organic cobuilders are, for example, acetylated hydroxycarboxylic acids or their salts, which may also be in lactone form and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group and a maximum of two acid groups.
  • phosphonates are, in particular, hydroxyalkane or aminoalkane phosphonates.
  • hydroxyalkane phosphonates 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP) is of particular importance as a cobuilder. It is preferably used as the sodium salt, the disodium salt reacting neutrally and the tetrasodium salt in an alkaline manner (pH 9).
  • Preferred aminoalkane phosphonates are ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonate (EDTMP), diethylene triamine pentamethylene phosphonate (DTPMP) and their higher homologs.
  • HEDP is preferably used as the builder from the class of the phosphonates.
  • the aminoalkane phosphonates also have a strong ability to bind heavy metals. Accordingly, it may be preferred, particularly if the agents also contain bleach, to use aminoalkanephosphonates, in particular DTPMP, or to use mixtures of the phosphonates mentioned.
  • the agents according to the invention can contain further usual ingredients of detergents, dishwashing detergents or cleaning agents, bleaching agents, bleach activators, enzymes, silver protection agents, colorants and fragrances being particularly important. These substances are described below.
  • Sodium percarbonate is of particular importance among the compounds which serve as bleaching agents and produce H 2 O 2 in water.
  • Further bleaching agents which can be used are, for example, sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium perborate monohydrate, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H 2 O 2 -producing peracidic salts or peracids such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloiminoperic acid or diperdodecanedioic acid.
  • bleach activators can be incorporated into the washing and cleaning agents according to the invention.
  • Bleach activators which can be used are compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, give aliphatic peroxocarboxylic acids having preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid. Substances are suitable which carry O- and / or N-acyl groups of the number of carbon atoms mentioned and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups.
  • Multi-acylated alkylenediamines in particular tetraacetylethylene diamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N- Acylimides, especially N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, especially n-nonanoyl- or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), carboxylic acid anhydrides, especially phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, especially triacetyloxy and 2,5-diacetyloxy and 2,5-glycolacetyl, ethylene glycol 2,5-dihydrofuran.
  • bleach catalysts can also be incorporated.
  • These substances are bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes such as, for example, Mn, Fe, Co, Ru or Mo salt complexes or carbonyl complexes.
  • Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, Mo, Ti, V and Cu complexes with nitrogen-containing tripod ligands as well as Co, Fe, Cu and Ru amine complexes can also be used as bleaching catalysts.
  • Agents according to the invention can contain enzymes to increase the washing or cleaning performance, it being possible in principle to use all the enzymes established in the prior art for these purposes. These include in particular proteases, amylases, lipases, hemicellulases, cellulases or oxidoreductases, and preferably their mixtures. In principle, these enzymes are of natural origin; Based on the natural molecules, improved variants are available for use in detergents and cleaning agents, which are accordingly preferred. Agents according to the invention preferably contain enzymes in total amounts of 1 ⁇ 10 "6 to 5 percent by weight based on active protein. The protein concentration can be determined using known methods, for example the BCA process (bicinchoninic acid; 2,2'-bichinolyl-4,4 '-dicarboxylic acid) or the biuret method can be determined.
  • BCA process bicinchoninic acid; 2,2'-bichinolyl-4,4 '-dicarboxylic acid
  • biuret method can be determined.
  • subtilisin type those of the subtilisin type are preferred.
  • subtilisins BPN 'and Carlsberg the protease PB92, the subtilisins 147 and 309, the alkaline protease from Bacillus lentus, subtilisin DY and the enzymes thermitase, proteinase K and that which can no longer be assigned to the subtilisins in the narrower sense Proteases TW3 and TW7.
  • Subtilisin Carlsberg is available in a further developed form under the trade name Alcalase ® from Novozymes A / S, Bagsvaerd, Denmark.
  • subtilisins 147 and 309 are sold under the trade names Esperase ®, or Savinase ® from Novozymes.
  • Esperase ® or Savinase ® from Novozymes.
  • the variants listed under the name BLAP ® are derived from the protease from Bacillus lentus DSM 5483.
  • Other proteases that can be used come from various Bacillus sp. and ß. gibsonii.
  • proteases are, for example, under the trade names Durazym ®, relase ®, Everlase® ®, Nafizym, Natalase ®, Kannase® ® and Ovozymes ® from Novozymes, under the trade names Purafect ®, Purafect ® OxP and Properase.RTM ® by the company Genencor, which is sold under the trade name Protosol ® by Advanced Biochemicals Ltd., Thane, India, which is sold under the trade name Wuxi ® by Wuxi Snyder Bioproducts Ltd., China, and in the trade name Proleather ® and Protease P ® by the company Amano Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Nagoya, Japan, and the enzyme available under the name Proteinase K-16 from Kao Corp., Tokyo, Japan.
  • amylases which can be used according to the invention are the ⁇ -amylases from Bacillus licheniformis, from ⁇ . amyloliquefaciens or from ß. stearothermophilus and its further developments for use in detergents and cleaning agents.
  • the enzyme from ß. licheniformis is available from Novozymes under the name Termamyl ® and from Genencor under the name Purastar ® ST. Development products of this ⁇ -amylase are available from Novozymes under the trade names Duramyl ® and Termamyl ® ultra, from Genencor under the name Purastar® ® OxAm and from Daiwa Seiko Inc., Tokyo, Japan, as Keistase ®.
  • the ⁇ -amylase from ß. Amyloliquefaciens is sold by Novozymes under the name BAN ® , and derived variants from the ⁇ -amylase from ⁇ . stearothermophilus under the names BSG ® and Novamyl ® , also from Novozymes.
  • ⁇ -amylase from Bacillus sp. A 7-7 (DSM 12368) and the cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) from ß. highlight agaradherens (DSM 9948); also those belonging to the sequence space of ⁇ -amylases. Fusion products of the molecules mentioned can also be used.
  • Agents according to the invention can contain lipases or cutinases, in particular because of their triglyceride-cleaving activities, but also in order to generate peracids in situ from suitable precursors. These include, for example, the lipases originally obtainable from Humicola lanuginosa (Thermomyces lanuginosus) or further developed, in particular those with the amino acid exchange D96L.
  • Lipolase ® Lipolase ® Ultra, LipoPrime ® , Lipozyme ® and Lipex ® .
  • the cutinases can be used, which were originally isolated from Fusarium solani pisi and Humicola insolens.
  • useable lipases are available from Amano under the designations Lipase CE ®, Lipase P ®, Lipase B ®, or lipase CES ®, Lipase AKG ®, Bacillis sp.
  • Lipase ® Lipase AP ® , Lipase M-AP ® and Lipase AML ® available.
  • the Genencor company can use the lipases or cutinases whose starting enzymes were originally isolated from Pseudomonas mendocina and Fusarium solanii.
  • Agents according to the invention can contain cellulases, depending on the purpose, as pure enzymes, as enzyme preparations or in the form of mixtures in which the individual components advantageously complement one another with regard to their various performance aspects.
  • These performance aspects include, in particular, contributions to the primary washing performance, to the secondary washing performance of the agent (anti-deposition effect or graying inhibition) and finish (tissue effect), up to the exertion of a “stone washed” effect.
  • EG endoglucanase
  • Novozymes A useful fungal, endoglucanase (EG) -rich cellulase preparation or its further developments are offered by the Novozymes company under the trade name Celluzyme ® .
  • Other possible Commercial products from this company are Cellusoft ® and Renozyme ® .
  • Cellulases can also be used; for example the 20 kD EG from Melanocarpus, which is available from AB Enzymes, Finland, under the trade names Ecostone ® and Biotouch ® .
  • washing and cleaning agents according to the invention can contain oxidoreductases, for example oxidases, oxygenases, catalases, peroxidases, such as halo-, chloro-, bromo-, lignin, glucose or manganese peroxidases, dioxygenases or laccases (phenol oxidases, polyphenol oxidases) contain.
  • oxidoreductases for example oxidases, oxygenases, catalases, peroxidases, such as halo-, chloro-, bromo-, lignin, glucose or manganese peroxidases, dioxygenases or laccases (phenol oxidases, polyphenol oxidases) contain.
  • Suitable commercial products are Denilite ® 1 and 2 from Novozymes.
  • organic, particularly preferably aromatic, compounds interacting with the enzymes are additionally added in order to increase the activity of the oxidoreductases in question (enhancers) or to ensure the flow of electrons (mediators) in the case of greatly different redox potentials between the oxidizing enzymes and the soiling.
  • the enzymes used in the agents according to the invention either originate from microorganisms, for example of the genera Bacillus, Streptomyces, Humicola, or Pseudomonas, and / or are produced using known biotechnological processes produced by suitable microorganisms, for example by transgenic expression hosts of the genera Bacillus or filamentous fungi.
  • the enzymes in question are advantageously purified by methods which are in themselves established, for example by means of precipitation, sedimentation, concentration, filtration of the liquid phases, microfiltration, ultrafiltration, exposure to chemicals, deodorization or suitable combinations of these steps.
  • Agents according to the invention can be added to the enzymes in any form established according to the prior art. These include, for example, the solid preparations obtained by granulation, extrusion or lyophilization or, particularly in the case of liquid or gel-like agents, solutions of the enzymes, advantageously as concentrated as possible, low in water and / or with stabilizers.
  • the enzymes can be encapsulated both for the solid and for the liquid administration form, for example by spray drying or extrusion of the enzyme solution together with a, preferably natural, polymer or in the form of capsules, for example those in which the enzyme is enclosed in a solidified gel are or in those of the core-shell type, in which an enzyme-containing core is coated with a protective layer impermeable to water, air and / or chemicals.
  • Additional active ingredients for example stabilizers, emulsifiers, pigments, bleaching agents or dyes, can additionally be applied in superimposed layers.
  • Capsules of this type are applied by methods known per se, for example by shaking or roll granulation or in fluid-bed processes. Such granules are advantageously low in dust, for example by applying polymeric film formers, and are stable on storage due to the coating.
  • a protein and / or enzyme contained in an agent according to the invention can be used to protect against damage, for example, during storage Inactivation, denaturation or decay can be protected by physical influences, oxidation or proteolytic cleavage.
  • the proteins and / or enzymes are obtained microbially, inhibition of proteolysis is particularly preferred, in particular if the agents also contain proteases.
  • Agents according to the invention can contain stabilizers for this purpose; the provision of such agents is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • a group of stabilizers are reversible protease inhibitors.
  • Benzamidine hydrochloride, borax, boric acids, boronic acids or their salts or esters are frequently used, including above all derivatives with aromatic groups, for example ortho-substituted, meta-substituted and para-substituted phenylboronic acids, or their salts or esters.
  • Peptide aldehydes, ie oligopeptides with a reduced C-terminus are also suitable. Ovomucoid and leupeptin may be mentioned as peptide protease inhibitors; an additional option is the formation of fusion proteins from proteases and peptide inhibitors.
  • Further enzyme stabilizers are amino alcohols such as mono-, di-, triethanol- and - propanolamine and their mixtures, aliphatic carboxylic acids up to C 12 , such as succinic acid, other dicarboxylic acids or salts of the acids mentioned. End-capped fatty acid amide alkoxylates are also suitable. Certain organic acids used as builders can additionally stabilize an enzyme contained.
  • Di-glycerol phosphate also protects against denaturation due to physical influences.
  • Calcium salts, such as calcium acetate or calcium formate, and magnesium salts are also used.
  • Polyamide oligomers or polymeric compounds such as lignin, water-soluble vinyl copolymers or cellulose ethers, acrylic polymers and / or polyamides stabilize the enzyme preparation against physical influences or pH fluctuations, among other things.
  • Polymers containing polyamine-N-oxide act simultaneously as enzyme stabilizers and as color transfer inhibitors.
  • Other polymers The linear C 8 -C 18 polyoxyalkylenes are stabilizers.
  • Alkyl polyglycosides can stabilize the enzymatic components of the agent according to the invention and even increase their performance.
  • Crosslinked N-containing compounds fulfill a double function as soil release agents and as enzyme stabilizers.
  • Reducing agents and antioxidants increase the stability of the enzymes against oxidative decay.
  • Sulfur-containing reducing agents are also known.
  • Other examples are sodium sulfite and reducing sugars.
  • Combinations of stabilizers are preferably used, for example made of polyols, boric acid and / or borax, the combination of boric acid or borate, reducing salts and succinic acid or other dicarboxylic acids or the combination of boric acid or borate with polyols or polyamino compounds and with reducing salts.
  • the effect of peptide-aldehyde stabilizers is increased by the combination with boric acid and / or boric acid derivatives and polyols and is further enhanced by the additional use of divalent cations, such as calcium ions.
  • Cleaning agents according to the invention for machine dishwashing may contain corrosion inhibitors to protect the wash ware or the machine, silver protection agents in particular being particularly important in the area of machine dishwashing.
  • the known substances of the prior art can be used.
  • silver protection agents selected from the group of the triazoles, the benzotriazoles, the bisbenzotriazoles, the aminotriazoles, the alkylaminotriazoles and the transition metal salts or complexes can be used in particular.
  • Benzotriazole and / or alkylaminotriazole are particularly preferably to be used.
  • detergent formulations often contain agents containing active chlorine, which can significantly reduce the corroding of the silver surface.
  • oxygen- and nitrogen-containing organic redox-active compounds such as di- and trihydric phenols, e.g. B. hydroquinone, pyrocatechol, hydroxyhydroquinone, gallic acid, phloroglucinol, pyrogallol or derivatives of these classes of compounds.
  • Salt-like and complex-like inorganic compounds such as salts of the metals Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Co and Ce, are also frequently used.
  • the transition metal salts selected from the group of manganese are preferred and / or cobalt salts and / or complexes, particularly preferably the cobalt (ammine) complexes, the cobalt (acetate) complexes, the cobalt (carbonyl) complexes, the chlorides of cobalt or manganese and the manganese sulfate.
  • Zinc compounds can also be used to prevent corrosion on the wash ware.
  • a wide number of different salts can be used as electrolytes from the group of inorganic salts.
  • Preferred cations are the alkali and alkaline earth metals, preferred anions are the halides and sulfates. From a production point of view, the use of NaCl or MgCl 2 in the agents according to the invention is preferred.
  • the proportion of electrolytes in the agents according to the invention is usually 0.5 to 5% by weight.
  • pH adjusting agents In order to bring the pH of the agents according to the invention into the desired range, the use of pH adjusting agents can be indicated. All known acids or bases can be used here, provided that their use is not prohibited for application-related or ecological reasons or for reasons of consumer protection. The amount of these adjusting agents usually does not exceed 5% by weight of the total formulation.
  • Foam inhibitors that can be used in the agents according to the invention are, for example, soaps, paraffins or silicone oils, which can optionally be applied to carrier materials.
  • Suitable anti-deposition agents which are also made up according to the invention and are also referred to as soil repellents, are, for example, nonionic cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose and methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose with a proportion of methoxy groups of 15 to 30% by weight and of hydroxypropyl groups of 1 to 15% by weight, in each case based on the nonionic cellulose ether and the polymers of phthalic acid and / or terephthalic acid or their derivatives known from the prior art, in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionically and / or nonionically modified derivatives thereof.
  • Optical brighteners can be added to the agents according to the invention made up as textile detergents in order to eliminate graying and yellowing of the treated textiles. These substances absorb onto the fiber and bring about a brightening and simulated bleaching effect by converting invisible ultraviolet radiation into visible light of longer wavelength converter, wherein the absorbed from sunlight ultraviolet light is radiated as pale bluish fluorescence and produces the yellow shade of the grayed or yellowed laundry pure white.
  • Suitable compounds originate for example from the substance classes of the 4,4 'diamino-2,2 ' -stilbene disulfonic acids (flavonic acids), 4,4'-distyryl-biphenyls, methylumbelliferones, coumarins, dihydroquinolinones, 1,3-diarylpyrazolines, naphthalic acid imides, benzoxazole, benzisoxazole and benzimidazole systems as well as the pyrene derivatives substituted by heterocycles brighteners are usually used in amounts between 0.05 and 0.3% by weight, based on the finished composition.
  • Graying inhibitors have the task of keeping the dirt detached from the fiber suspended in the liquor and thus preventing the dirt from being re-absorbed.
  • Water-soluble colloids of mostly organic nature are suitable for this, for example glue, gelatin, salts of ether sulfonic acids of starch or cellulose or salts of acidic sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch.
  • Water-soluble polyamides containing acidic groups are also suitable for this purpose.
  • Soluble starch preparations and starch products other than those mentioned above can also be used, e.g. degraded starch, aldehyde starches, etc.
  • Polyvinylpyrrolidone can also be used.
  • cellulose ethers such as carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium salt), methyl cellulose, hydroxyalkyl cellulose and mixed ethers such as methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl carboxymethyl cellulose and mixtures thereof are preferably used in amounts of 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the composition
  • agents according to the invention can also be provided with further additional benefits.
  • agents made up according to the invention as textile detergents there are color transfer inhibiting compositions, agents with “anti-gray formula”, agents with ironing relief, agents with special fragrance release, agents with improved dirt release or prevention of re-soiling, Antibacterial agents, UV protection agents, color refreshing agents, etc. can be formulated.
  • the agents according to the invention can contain synthetic anti-crease agents. These include, for example, synthetic products based on fatty acids, fatty acid esters. Fatty acid amides, alkylol esters, alkylol amides or fatty alcohols, which are mostly reacted with ethylene oxide, or products based on lecithin or modified phosphoric acid esters.
  • the agents can contain antioxidants.
  • This class of compounds includes, for example, substituted phenols, hydroquinones, pyrocatechols and aromatic amines as well as organic sulfides, polysulfides, dithiocarbamates, phosphites and phosphonates.
  • Antistatic agents increase the surface conductivity and thus enable the flow of charges that have formed to improve.
  • External antistatic agents are generally substances with at least one hydrophilic molecular ligand and give a more or less hygroscopic film on the surfaces. These mostly surface-active antistatic agents can be divided into nitrogen-containing (amines, amides, quaternary ammonium compounds), phosphorus-containing (phosphoric acid esters) and sulfur-containing (alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates) antistatic agents.
  • Lauryl (or stearyl) dimethylbenzylammonium chlorides are suitable as antistatic agents for textiles or as an additive to detergents, with an additional softening effect.
  • silicone derivatives can be used in the agents according to the invention become. These additionally improve the rinsing behavior of the agents according to the invention due to their foam-inhibiting properties.
  • Preferred silicone derivatives are, for example, polydialkyl or alkylarylsiloxanes in which the alkyl groups have one to five carbon atoms and are wholly or partially fluorinated.
  • Preferred silicones are polydimethylsiloxanes, which can optionally be derivatized and are then amino-functional or quaternized or have Si-OH, Si-H and / or Si-Cl bonds.
  • the viscosities of the preferred silicones at 25 ° C. are in the range between 100 and 100,000 centistokes, the silicones being able to be used in amounts between 0.2 and 5% by weight, based on the total agent.
  • the agents according to the invention can also contain UV absorbers, which absorb onto the treated textiles and improve the light resistance of the fibers.
  • Compounds which have these desired properties are, for example, the compounds and derivatives of benzophenone which are active by radiationless deactivation and have substituents in the 2- and / or 4-position.
  • Substituted benzotriazoles, phenyl-substituted acrylates (cinnamic acid derivatives), optionally with cyano groups in the 2-position, salicylates, organic Ni complexes and natural substances such as umbelliferone and the body's own urocanoic acid are also suitable.
  • Another object of the present invention is a method for producing the washing, cleaning or auxiliary washing agents according to the invention, namely a method for producing silver-containing washing, cleaning or auxiliary washing agents, which is characterized in that the solid or liquid washing, cleaning or Silver washing aid mixed in elemental and / or oxidized form.
  • the silver can be added in elemental form, it being used both in solid, preferably finely divided form, and as a solution, suspension or dispersion of silver in suitable solvents.
  • Silver compounds as well as solutions, suspensions or dispersions of silver compounds can also be used according to the invention.
  • One way of producing the washing, cleaning or washing aids according to the invention is to add silver to the finished solid or liquid agent. This is done as already described above, preferably in finely divided form.
  • Preferred processes according to the invention are therefore characterized in that silver elemental form (Ag °) is added to the solid or liquid washing, cleaning or washing aid, the silver particle sizes from 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably from 0.2 to 80 ⁇ m and in particular from 0.25 to 60 ⁇ m.
  • Even smaller particle sizes can be achieved by introducing the silver in a colloidal distribution into the washing, cleaning or washing aids according to the invention.
  • a colloidal silver solution for incorporation into solid washing, cleaning or washing aids according to the invention, it is advisable to prepare a colloidal silver solution and to either impregnate the solid agent and / or constituents thereof and / or suitable carrier materials with the colloid solution.
  • Processes according to the invention are preferred here in which silver is added to a liquid washing, cleaning or washing aid in elemental (Ag °) and colloidal form, the silver particle sizes from 0.001 to 0.1 ⁇ m, preferably from 0.002 to 0.05 ⁇ m and in particular from 0.005 to 0.01 ⁇ m.
  • Colloidal silver solutions with particle sizes around 7.5 nm can be produced, for example, using the Argentox ® process, in which silver salts are reduced in the presence of protective colloids (e.g. starch, dextrin, etc.).
  • protective colloids e.g. starch, dextrin, etc.
  • silver can be ground to a colloid solution in a suitable mill (colloid mill).
  • Arc sputtering of silver (silver wires) in water or other liquids can also be used to produce colloidal silver solutions.
  • the colloidal silver solutions obtained can be added directly to liquid washing, cleaning or washing aids according to the invention or applied to solid agents and / or constituents thereof and / or suitable carrier materials.
  • Another preferred method according to the invention is therefore characterized in that the silver colloid is dispersed of silver in the liquid washing, cleaning or auxiliary washing agent is produced, preferably by homogenization in a colloid mill or by
  • silver in oxidized form can also be incorporated into the agents according to the invention.
  • silver compounds in particular silver acetate, silver bromide, silver carbonate, silver chloride, silver nitrate, silver oxide, silver phosphate, silver sulfate, silver thiosulfate, or mixtures of these can be mixed directly in solid form with the agents according to the invention.
  • Solutions, suspensions or dispersions of the aforementioned silver salts can also be added directly to liquid washing, cleaning or washing aids according to the invention or applied to solid agents and / or constituents thereof and / or suitable carrier materials.
  • a further possibility for designing the method according to the invention is to enrich the liquid washing, cleaning or washing aids according to the invention with silver during their production by using silver and / or silver-containing tools, pipes, etc.
  • Such a preferred method is characterized in that in the preparation of the solid or liquid washing, cleaning or washing aids, the agent or parts thereof are allowed to come into contact with silver or silver-containing surfaces.
  • Liquid washing, cleaning or washing aids according to the invention can be mixed, for example, with silver or silver-containing stirring tools and / or in silver or silver-containing kettles or conveyed through silver or silver-containing pipelines.
  • So-called Katadyn ® filters in which silver is embedded in sintered diatomaceous earth (diatomaceous earth), can also be used by passing water used to produce liquid agents through these filters.
  • it makes sense for example, to be produced with silver or silver-containing granulating or mixing tools and / or in silver or silver-containing granulators or to be conveyed by silver or silver-containing conveying devices.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Produits de lavage ou de nettoyage ou adjuvants lessiviels qui provoquent une réduction du nombre de germes sur les surfaces traitées ou mises en contact avec lesdits produits ou adjuvants. Lesdits produits ou adjuvants sont avantageux pour ce qui est des coûts, de leur aptitude au traitement, de leur stabilité et de leurs possibilités d'utilisation, même sur des surfaces qui viennent en contact avec la peau ou les muqueuses. Ces produits contiennent de l'argent sous forme élémentaire et / ou oxydée, de préférence finement réparti et en particulier colloïdal.
PCT/EP2004/002576 2003-03-21 2004-03-12 Produit de lavage ou de nettoyage reduisant les germes et procede de preparation dudit produit Ceased WO2004083352A1 (fr)

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DE2003112617 DE10312617A1 (de) 2003-03-21 2003-03-21 Keimreduzierendes Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE10312617.1 2003-03-21

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005000324A3 (fr) * 2003-06-03 2005-03-24 American Biotech Labs Traitement d'etres humains a l'aide d'une composition d'argent colloidal
EP1947167A1 (fr) * 2006-12-30 2008-07-23 NANOCO Sp. z.o.o. Compositions adoucissantes pour le linge
WO2008145446A1 (fr) * 2007-05-31 2008-12-04 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Agent de lavage ou de nettoyage à effet antibactérien
WO2010057723A1 (fr) * 2008-11-21 2010-05-27 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Produit de lavage, de nettoyage, de traitement ultérieur ou produit auxiliaire de lavage contenant de l'argent
EP1880213A4 (fr) * 2005-01-05 2010-06-23 Robert Holladay Compositions argent/eau, compositions de gels d'argent, compositions a base d'argent, et leurs methodes de production et d'utilisation
WO2010084057A1 (fr) * 2009-01-22 2010-07-29 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Détergent pour vaisselle à la main ayant une action antibactérienne
WO2010105949A1 (fr) * 2009-03-20 2010-09-23 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Agent de lavage, de nettoyage, de traitement ultérieur ou adjuvant de lavage à action antibactérienne contenant des aldéhydes
WO2011045129A1 (fr) * 2009-10-14 2011-04-21 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Lessive hygiénique
US8309506B2 (en) 2009-03-20 2012-11-13 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Washing aid having an antibacterial effect
US20220195351A1 (en) * 2015-08-21 2022-06-23 Applied Silver, Inc. Systems And Processes For Treating Textiles With An Antimicrobial Agent

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DE102007003693A1 (de) * 2007-01-25 2008-07-31 Landmann, Johann Desinfektionsmittel
EP2202289A1 (fr) 2008-12-23 2010-06-30 R3PC DI Roman Reder Produit de lavage

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Cited By (13)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8535728B2 (en) 1999-06-01 2013-09-17 American Silver, Llc Colloidal silver composition having antimicrobial properties
AU2005322839B2 (en) * 2003-06-03 2012-03-29 American Silver, Llc Silver/water, silver gels and silver-based compositions; and methods for making and using the same
WO2005000324A3 (fr) * 2003-06-03 2005-03-24 American Biotech Labs Traitement d'etres humains a l'aide d'une composition d'argent colloidal
EP1880213A4 (fr) * 2005-01-05 2010-06-23 Robert Holladay Compositions argent/eau, compositions de gels d'argent, compositions a base d'argent, et leurs methodes de production et d'utilisation
CN101389221B (zh) * 2005-01-05 2012-06-13 罗伯特·霍拉迪 银/水、银凝胶和银基组合物及用于制造和使用该组合物的方法
EP1947167A1 (fr) * 2006-12-30 2008-07-23 NANOCO Sp. z.o.o. Compositions adoucissantes pour le linge
WO2008145446A1 (fr) * 2007-05-31 2008-12-04 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Agent de lavage ou de nettoyage à effet antibactérien
WO2010057723A1 (fr) * 2008-11-21 2010-05-27 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Produit de lavage, de nettoyage, de traitement ultérieur ou produit auxiliaire de lavage contenant de l'argent
WO2010084057A1 (fr) * 2009-01-22 2010-07-29 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Détergent pour vaisselle à la main ayant une action antibactérienne
WO2010105949A1 (fr) * 2009-03-20 2010-09-23 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Agent de lavage, de nettoyage, de traitement ultérieur ou adjuvant de lavage à action antibactérienne contenant des aldéhydes
US8309506B2 (en) 2009-03-20 2012-11-13 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Washing aid having an antibacterial effect
WO2011045129A1 (fr) * 2009-10-14 2011-04-21 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Lessive hygiénique
US20220195351A1 (en) * 2015-08-21 2022-06-23 Applied Silver, Inc. Systems And Processes For Treating Textiles With An Antimicrobial Agent

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EP1670885A1 (fr) 2006-06-21

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