WO2004080891A1 - 水蒸気改質器 - Google Patents
水蒸気改質器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004080891A1 WO2004080891A1 PCT/JP2004/003242 JP2004003242W WO2004080891A1 WO 2004080891 A1 WO2004080891 A1 WO 2004080891A1 JP 2004003242 W JP2004003242 W JP 2004003242W WO 2004080891 A1 WO2004080891 A1 WO 2004080891A1
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- temperature reaction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/008—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
- B01J8/0461—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical annular shaped beds
- B01J8/0465—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical annular shaped beds the beds being concentric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
- B01J8/0461—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical annular shaped beds
- B01J8/0469—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical annular shaped beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0492—Feeding reactive fluids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0496—Heating or cooling the reactor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/22—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
- C01B3/24—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
- C01B3/26—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using catalysts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/382—Multi-step processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/48—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00477—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means
- B01J2208/00495—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means using insulating materials or refractories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00522—Controlling the temperature using inert heat absorbing solids outside the bed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/0053—Controlling multiple zones along the direction of flow, e.g. pre-heating and after-cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00796—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material
- B01J2208/00884—Means for supporting the bed of particles, e.g. grids, bars, perforated plates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/02—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor with stationary particles
- B01J2208/023—Details
- B01J2208/024—Particulate material
- B01J2208/025—Two or more types of catalyst
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0244—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being an autothermal reforming step, e.g. secondary reforming processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0838—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel
- C01B2203/0844—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel the non-combustive exothermic reaction being another reforming reaction as defined in groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/0294
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
- C01B2203/142—At least two reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in series
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/80—Aspect of integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas not covered by groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/1695
- C01B2203/82—Several process steps of C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/08 integrated into a single apparatus
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a steam reformer that performs a self-oxidation and a reforming of a raw material gas in the presence of steam and oxygen to generate a hydrogen-rich reformed gas.
- a steam reformer that reforms a mixture of a raw material gas and steam (hereinafter, referred to as a raw material-steam mixture) in the presence of a steam reforming catalyst to generate a hydrogen-rich reformed gas.
- the hydrogen-rich reformed gas obtained in the steam reformer is suitably used as fuel for a fuel cell.
- a raw material gas a hydrocarbon such as methane, an aliphatic alcohol such as methanol, or an ether such as dimethyl ether is used.
- the reaction formula of steam reforming in the case of using methane as the raw material gas can be represented by CH 4 + 2H 2 0 ⁇ C0 2 + 4H 2, preferably the reforming reaction temperature is 7 0 0 - It is in the range of 750 ° C.
- the internal heating type steam reformer is provided with a partial oxidation reaction layer on its supply side (upstream side), and uses the heat generated in the partial oxidation reaction layer to convert the steam reforming reaction layer disposed downstream to steam reforming.
- the reactor is heated to a reaction temperature, and is subjected to a steam reforming reaction in the heated steam reforming catalyst layer to generate a hydrogen-rich reformed gas.
- the partial oxidation reaction can be represented by CH 4 +1/20 2 ⁇ CO + 2H 2 , and the preferable partial oxidation reaction temperature is in the range of 250 ° C. or more. is there.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one example of a self-oxidizing internal heating type steam reformer.
- the steam reformer 1 has an inner cylinder 2 and an outer cylinder 3 arranged around the inner cylinder.
- a high-temperature reaction section 6 is provided at the uppermost portion inside the inner cylinder 2, and a mixed catalyst layer 4 in which a steam reforming catalyst and an oxidation catalyst are mixed, and an oxygen-containing gas introduction section 5 are arranged in the high-temperature reaction section 6.
- an adjacent portion 7 composed of a heat transfer layer is disposed below the high temperature reaction section 6, and a high temperature shift catalyst layer 8 and a low temperature shift catalyst layer 9 are sequentially disposed below the adjacent portion 7.
- Steam reforming catalyst is a catalyst layer for steam reforming a raw material gas, for example N i 0 _ S and N i based reforming catalyst such as i O 2 ⁇ A 1 2 0 3, W0 2 -S i 0 2 ⁇ a 1 2 0 3 or reforming catalyst, such as N i O-W ⁇ 2 ⁇ S i 0 2 ⁇ a 1 2 0 3 is used.
- the oxidation catalyst oxidizes and heats the raw material gas in the raw material-steam mixture to obtain a temperature required for the steam reforming reaction.
- a temperature required for the steam reforming reaction For example, platinum (Pt) or palladium (Pd) is used.
- the mixing ratio of the oxidation catalyst to the steam reforming catalyst is selected in the range of about 1 to 15% depending on the type of the raw material gas to be steam reformed. For example, when methane is used as the raw material gas, the mixing ratio is about 5% soil 2%, and when methanol is used, the mixing ratio is about 3% soil 1%.
- the shift catalyst for forming the high-temperature shift catalyst layer 7 and the low-temperature shift catalyst layer 9, C u O - Z N_ ⁇ 2, F e 2 ⁇ 3, a mixture of F e 3 O 4 or Sani ⁇ like are used that is, when the reaction is carried out in 7 0 0 ° C or higher is also possible to use C r 2 0 3.
- the heat transfer layer constituting the adjacent section 7 absorbs heat from the reformed gas flowing out of the high-temperature reaction section 6. It is formed by filling particles with good heat conductivity such as ceramic particles.
- the heat transfer layer may be omitted.
- the high-temperature shift catalyst layer 8 or the low-temperature shift catalyst layer 9 constitutes the adjacent portion 7 in the present invention.
- the bottoms of the mixed catalyst layer 4, the adjacent portion 7, the high-temperature shift catalyst layer 8, and the low-temperature shift catalyst layer 9 arranged in the inner cylinder 2 are supported by air-permeable supports 10, 11, 12, and 13, respectively. Is done.
- the oxygen-containing gas introduction section 5 has an introduction pipe 14 and an ejection hole 15 provided at the tip thereof.
- air or oxygen gas can be used as the oxygen-containing gas.
- pressurized air supplied from an air compressor (not shown) is supplied to the introduction pipe 14, and the air is mixed from the ejection holes 15 to the catalyst layer 4. Can be blown into.
- a steam reforming catalyst layer 16 is arranged at the uppermost portion inside the outer cylinder 3, and a heat transfer layer 1 ⁇ is arranged below it.
- the bottoms of the steam reforming catalyst layer 16 and the heat transfer layer 17 are supported by air-permeable supports 18 and 19, respectively.
- the supply section 20 for the raw material gas / steam mixture communicates below the heat transfer layer 17, and the discharge section 21 communicates above the steam catalyst layer 16, and the discharge section 21 is connected to the high temperature reaction section 6. It communicates with the supply section 22 provided above.
- a discharge section 23 for discharging the generated reformed gas is provided below the low-temperature shift catalyst layer 9 disposed at the lowermost side of the inner cylinder 2, a discharge section 23 for discharging the generated reformed gas is provided below the low-temperature shift catalyst layer 9 disposed at the lowermost side of the inner cylinder 2, a discharge section 23 for discharging the generated reformed gas is provided below the low-temperature shift catalyst layer 9 disposed at the lowermost side of the inner cylinder 2, a
- a hollow section is placed between the inner cylinder 2 where the high-temperature reactor 6 is located and the outer cylinder 3 where the steam catalyst layer 16 is located.
- a heat insulating part 24 is provided.
- FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged view including the heat insulating part 24.
- the heat insulating portion 24 has an annular inner wall portion 25 and an annular outer wall portion 26, and the upper and lower ends thereof are integrally connected by a side wall portion 27 to form an annular hollow portion 28 inside. Is formed.
- the inner wall part 25 also serves as a part of the inner cylinder 2. I have.
- the raw material gas / steam mixture is supplied to the supply section 20
- the raw material gas / steam mixture is supplied to the heat transfer layer 17 which is in a high temperature state due to heat transfer from the high temperature shift catalyst layer 8 and the low temperature shift catalyst layer 9.
- the temperature rises during the passage.
- the temperature-raised raw material-steam mixture flows into the steam reforming catalyst layer 16, where a part of the raw material gas is steam reformed.
- the reformed gas and the remaining raw material gas / steam mixture are discharged from the discharge section 21 of the outer cylinder 3 and flow into the high temperature reaction section 6 from the supply section 22 of the inner cylinder 2.
- a part of the raw material gas contained in the raw material gas-water vapor mixture that has flowed in contains the oxygen-containing gas supplied from the oxygen-containing gas introduction section 5.
- Oxidation reaction by oxygen of gas By the oxidation reaction, the temperature of the raw material-steam mixture is raised to a temperature range necessary for the reforming reaction, for example, about 65 ° C. to 75 ° C. (typically around 700 ° C.). That is, self-oxidation internal heating is performed, and the heat is used to perform a steam reforming reaction of the raw material gas-water / vapor mixture to efficiently generate a hydrogen-rich reformed gas.
- the steam reforming catalyst layer 16 of the outer cylinder 3 functions as a preliminary reforming section of the high temperature reaction section 6.
- the reformed gas generated in the high-temperature reaction section 6 flows out to an adjacent section 7 below the high-temperature reaction section 6, where the temperature of the reformed gas decreases, and then passes through the high-temperature shift catalyst layer 8 and the low-temperature shift catalyst layer 9 in order. While the reformed gas passes through the high-temperature shift catalyst layer 8 and the low-temperature shift catalyst layer 9, most of the carbon monoxide remaining in the reformed gas is converted into hydrogen.
- the high-purity reformed gas flowing out of the low-temperature shift catalyst layer 9 is supplied to a load facility (not shown), for example, a fuel cell mounted on a vehicle or a household fuel cell via a discharge unit 23.
- the heat of the high-temperature reaction section 6 is considered to be suppressed from diffusing to the outer cylinder 3 by the heat insulating section 24.
- the heat of the high-temperature reaction section 6 diffuses from the inner wall section 25 of the heat insulation section 24 to the downstream side of the inner cylinder 2, that is, the adjacent section 7, and at the same time, a part of the heat Is also diffused from the inner wall part 25 to the outer wall part 26 side of the heat insulating part 24 through the side wall part 27. Therefore, heat energy consumed for heating the high-temperature reaction section 6 increases, and the heat efficiency and reaction efficiency of the steam reformer 1 decrease.
- an object of the present invention is to solve the problem of heat diffusion in the conventional high-temperature reaction section.
- an object of the present invention is to improve the effect of suppressing heat diffusion from a high-temperature reaction part to an adjacent part.
- a further object of the present invention is to improve the effect of suppressing heat diffusion from the high-temperature reaction section to the oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe.
- a further object of the present invention is to improve the effect of suppressing the heat diffusion from the high-temperature reaction section to the adjacent section and the heat diffusion to the oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe, and to improve the deviation.
- Another object of the present invention is to improve the effect of suppressing heat diffusion from a high-temperature reaction section to an adjacent section or an oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe with a simple structure.
- Another object of the present invention is to improve the thermal efficiency and the reaction efficiency of the steam reformer. Disclosure of the invention
- the steam reformer 1 of the present invention has a double structure including an inner cylinder 2 and an outer cylinder 3 arranged around the inner cylinder. It is made.
- the inner cylinder 2 is provided with a high-temperature reaction section 6 and an adjacent section 7 adjacent thereto.
- the high-temperature reaction section 6 includes a mixed catalyst layer 4 in which a steam reforming catalyst and an oxidation catalyst are mixed, and an oxygen-containing gas introduction section 5. And place.
- a steam reforming catalyst layer 16 is disposed in the outer cylinder 3.
- the steam reformer 1 of the present invention is characterized in that heat transfer suppressing means 50 for suppressing heat transfer from the high-temperature reaction section 6 to the adjacent section 7 or the oxygen-containing gas introducing section 5 is provided.
- heat transfer suppressing means 50 in the steam reformer 1 of the present invention, heat diffusion from the high-temperature reaction section 6 to the adjacent section 7 or the oxygen-containing gas conduit 5 can be effectively prevented. Can be suppressed. Therefore, the thermal efficiency and the reaction efficiency of the high-temperature reaction section 6 are improved.
- a heat insulating portion 24 having a hollow portion is disposed between the inner tube 2 where the high-temperature reaction portion 6 is provided and the outer tube 3 facing the inner tube 2 to constitute the hollow portion.
- a gap portion 30 is formed in the inner wall portion 25 to be formed, and the gap portion 30 can constitute the heat transfer suppressing means 50 for suppressing heat transfer from the high-temperature reaction portion 6 to the adjacent portion 7. .
- the gap 30 can be formed by a plurality of slits 31 arranged in an annular shape in the inner wall 25.
- the heat transfer suppressing means 50 configured as described above can efficiently suppress heat diffusion from the high-temperature reaction section 6 to the adjacent section 7 despite its simple structure.
- a void layer 40 for separating the high-temperature reaction section 6 and the P contact section 7 at a predetermined interval is formed, and the high-temperature reaction section 6 is separated from the adjacent section 7 by the void layer 40.
- the heat transfer suppressing means 50 for suppressing the heat transfer to the heat exchanger can be configured.
- a pipe having an introduction pipe 14 extending to the center in the axial direction of the inner cylinder 2 and an ejection section 15 provided near the tip thereof is used as the oxygen-containing gas introduction section 5, a pipe having an introduction pipe 14 extending to the center in the axial direction of the inner cylinder 2 and an ejection section 15 provided near the tip thereof is used. Is provided with a support piece 42 projecting outward, and an inner cylinder 2 opposed thereto is provided with a support piece 42 projecting inward. The bottom of the mixed catalyst layer 4 is placed above the support pieces 41, 42. It is supported by the disposed air-permeable support 43, and the gap 4 is provided between the support 43 and the adjacent portion 7. 0 can be formed.
- the heat transfer suppressing means 50 constituted by the gap layer 40 as described above can also efficiently suppress the heat diffusion from the high-temperature reaction section 6 to the adjacent section 7 despite its simple structure.
- a heat insulating portion 24 having a hollow portion is disposed between the inner tube 2 at the portion where the high-temperature reaction portion 6 is provided and the outer tube 3 opposed thereto, and the hollow portion is provided.
- a gap portion 30 is formed in the inner wall portion 25 that constitutes the heat transfer suppressing means 50 for suppressing heat transfer from the high-temperature reaction portion 6 to the adjacent portion 7 by the gap portion 30.
- a void layer 40 for separating the high temperature reaction section 6 and the adjacent section 7 at a predetermined interval is formed, and the gap layer 40 suppresses heat transfer from the high temperature reaction section 6 to the adjacent section 7.
- the heat transfer suppressing means 50 can be configured.
- the oxygen-containing gas introduction section 5 has an introduction pipe 14 extending to the center in the axial direction of the inner cylinder 2 and an ejection section 15 provided near the tip thereof.
- a cylindrical body 40a forming the void layer 41 outside the pipe 14 or a heat insulating layer 43 covering the outside of the introduction pipe 14 is provided, and the high temperature reaction section is provided by the cylindrical body 40a or the heat insulating layer 43.
- the heat transfer suppressing means 50 for suppressing heat transfer from 6 to the oxygen-containing gas introducing section 4 can be configured.
- the heat transfer suppressing means 50 composed of the cylindrical body 40a or the heat insulating layer 43 effectively suppresses the heat transfer from the high-temperature reaction section 6 to the oxygen-containing gas conduit 5 despite its simple structure. it can.
- the thermal efficiency and reaction efficiency of the high temperature reaction section 6 can be improved. Further, in the steam reformer 1, the heat transfer suppressing means 50 by the cylinder 40a or the heat insulating layer 41 for suppressing the heat transfer from the high temperature reaction section 6 to the oxygen-containing gas introduction section 4 is provided. In addition,
- a heat insulating portion 24 having a hollow portion is disposed between the inner tube 2 provided with the high-temperature reaction portion 6 and the outer tube 3 opposed thereto, and an inner wall portion 25 constituting the hollow portion is provided.
- Both the heat transfer suppressing means 50 of (1) and (2) can be constituted.
- the heat transfer suppressing means 50 thus configured can efficiently suppress the heat diffusion from the high-temperature reaction section 6 to the oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe 5 and the adjacent section 7, so that the heat efficiency and the reaction efficiency of the high-temperature reaction section 6 can be improved. Can be further improved.
- a high-temperature shift catalyst layer 8 and a low-temperature shift catalyst layer 9 are disposed in the inner cylinder 2 in addition to the mixed catalyst layer 4, and the outer cylinder 3 has a steam reformer.
- a catalyst layer 16 is arranged, each of the catalyst layers is filled with a particulate catalyst 44, and the mixed catalyst layer 4, the high-temperature shift catalyst layer 8, and the low-temperature shift catalyst layer 9 with which the particulate catalysts 44 come into contact.
- At least one inner wall surface of the steam reforming catalyst layer 16 is a dimple surface 45 in which a large number of concave surfaces are uniformly provided two-dimensionally, and the particulate catalyst 44 is in surface contact with the concave surface. It can be configured so that
- the filling efficiency of the particulate catalyst 44 can be increased, and the heat transfer efficiency inside the catalyst layer also improves. Therefore, the reaction efficiency of the steam reformer 1 can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of a heat insulating portion of a steam reformer according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged perspective view showing an example of the gap 30 in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged perspective view showing another example of the gap 30 in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the steam reformer of the present invention, in the vicinity of the heat insulating portion.
- FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing a modification of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged perspective view showing another modification of FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged perspective view of still another embodiment of the steam reformer of the present invention, in which the vicinity of the heat insulating portion is exploded.
- FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged sectional view after the assembly of FIG.
- FIG. 9 is still another embodiment of the steam reformer of the present invention, and is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view near the heat insulating portion.
- FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the vicinity of the heat insulating portion when the heat transfer suppressing means 50 in FIG. 9 is deformed.
- FIG. 11 is still another embodiment of the steam reformer of the present invention, and is a partial perspective view near a high-temperature reaction section.
- FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged view schematically showing the inner surface of the high-temperature reaction section in FIG. 11 and the mixed catalyst layer in contact therewith.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a self-oxidizing steam reformer.
- FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of the heat insulating portion 24 in FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 the main part and catalyst of the water vapor reformer of the present embodiment are the same as those shown in FIG. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the same portions, and duplicate description will be omitted.
- the steam reformer 1 has a double cylinder structure of an inner cylinder 2 and an outer cylinder 3 arranged around the inner cylinder.
- a high-temperature reaction section 6 is disposed in the inner cylinder 2, and the high-temperature reaction section 6 is provided with a mixed catalyst layer 4 in which a steam reforming catalyst and an oxidation catalyst are mixed, and an oxygen-containing gas introduction section 5.
- the bottom of the mixed catalyst layer 4 in the high-temperature reaction section 6 is supported by a disc-shaped, air-permeable support 10 made of punching metal or the like, and a heat transfer layer is provided downstream (lower side in FIG. 1).
- the configured adjacent part 7 is arranged.
- the support 10 is seated on a support 10a provided on the introduction pipe 14 and a support 1Ob provided on the inner wall 25.
- a steam reforming catalyst layer 16 is provided in the outer cylinder 3.
- a heat insulation section 24 similar to that in FIG. 13 is provided outside the high temperature reaction section 6.
- the heat insulating portion 24 is formed hollow by an annular inner wall portion 25, an annular outer wall portion 26, and a side wall portion 27 that connects the upper and lower portions of the inner wall portion 25 with each other. Is done.
- the inner wall part 25 is formed by a part of the inner cylinder 2.
- a gap 30 constituting the heat transfer suppressing means 50 is formed between the inner wall section 25 and the adjacent section 7, and the heat of the high-temperature reaction section 6 is removed from a part of the inner cylinder 2 by the gap section 30. Suppress diffusion to the adjacent area ⁇ . Further, the gap 30 effectively suppresses a part of the heat from diffusing to the outer wall 26 via the side wall 27. And, by these heat transfer suppressing effects, the heat energy required for heating in the high temperature reaction section 6 can be saved, and the thermal efficiency and the reaction efficiency in the reforming reaction can be improved.
- FIG. 2 and 3 show examples of the gap 30.
- FIG. The gap 30 is formed by a plurality of relatively short slits 31 intermittently arranged annularly in the circumferential direction of the inner wall 25.
- Fig. 3 shows an example in which two rows are arranged in a zigzag pattern. Note that the interval between the slits 31 is desirably as small as possible from the viewpoint of suppressing thermal diffusion. The lower limit is determined from the viewpoint of strength.
- another gap 32 is provided above the inner wall 25.
- the gap portion 32 can be constituted by a slit similar to the slit 31 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and by providing this, the inner wall portion 25 passes through the upper side wall portion 27 to the outer wall portion 26 side. Heat diffusion can be suppressed.
- the gap 32 may be omitted in some cases.
- a gap layer 40 for separating the bottom portion of the high-temperature reaction section 6 arranged in the inner cylinder 2 from the adjacent section 7 adjacent thereto at a predetermined interval is formed.
- the void layer 40 constitutes a heat transfer suppressing means 50 for suppressing the heat of the high temperature reaction section 6 from diffusing to the adjacent section 7 by heat conduction.
- a support piece 41 protruding inward is provided below the inner wall part 25 of the heat insulating part 24, and a support part protruding outward is provided on the introduction pipe 14 constituting the oxygen-containing gas introduction part 5 opposed thereto.
- Pieces 42 are provided.
- the support pieces 41 and 42 may be formed in an annular shape continuous in the circumferential direction, or may be provided intermittently in the circumferential direction. Then, a permeable support 43 is arranged on the support pieces 41 and 42.
- the support body 43 is formed in a ring shape as a whole, and is composed of a porous disk-shaped support plate 44 made of punched metal or the like, and legs 45 extending downward from the support plate 44. The bottom of the part 45 is supported on the support pieces 41, 42.
- the gap layer 40 is formed by the gap between the support 43 and the support pieces 41, 42, and the length of the leg 45 is adjusted.
- the vertical dimension of the gap layer 40 can be further changed. The vertical dimension can be slightly adjusted by adjusting the height of the heat transfer material arranged in the adjacent portion 7 arranged on the downstream side.
- FIG. 5 is a modified example of FIG. 4, and in this embodiment, the support 43 forming the void layer 40 is composed of only a porous and disc-shaped support plate 44 made of punching metal or the like. It does not have the legs 45 as in the example of FIG. Instead, the position of the support piece 41 protruding inward from the lower part of the inner wall part 25 of the heat insulating part 24 and the position of the support piece 42 protruding outward from the introduction pipe 14 in opposition thereto are shown in the figure. It is set upward by the length of four legs 45.
- FIG. 6 shows still another modification of FIG. 4.In this embodiment, a support 43 forming a void 40 is a porous disc-shaped support plate 44 made of punched metal or the like.
- the legs 45 are not integrally connected to the support plate 44 as in the example of FIG. 4, but are separate from the support 4.
- the plurality of leg portions 45 formed in a strip shape are fixed to the outer surface of the introduction pipe 14 with their surfaces being vertical, and the support plate 44 is disposed on the leg portions 45.
- the vertical dimension of the gap layer 40 is set by the vertical length of the leg 45.
- FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged perspective view of still another embodiment of the steam reformer of the present invention, in which the vicinity of the heat insulating portion is exploded.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a state where the vicinity of the heat insulating portion in FIG.
- This embodiment is provided with two heat transfer suppressing means 50, a gap portion 30 shown in the example of FIG. 1 and a gap layer 40 shown in FIG. 4, and both of them reduce the heat of the high-temperature reaction portion 6 to the adjacent portion. 7 is more effectively suppressed.
- the upper cross section of the inner cylinder 2 is enlarged, and when the heat insulating portion 24 is inserted into the enlarged portion in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 7 and combined, the state shown in FIG. 8 is obtained.
- the vertical wall of the enlarged portion of the inner cylinder 2 forms the outer wall portion 26 of the heat insulating portion 24, and the horizontal wall of the enlarged portion forms the side wall portion 27 below the heat insulating portion 24. Furthermore, the side wall 27 and the lower end of the inner wall 25 A gap 30 is formed between them. If desired, another gap portion (slit) 32 can be provided above the inner wall portion 25.
- the void layer 40 is formed by a support 43 composed of only a porous and disc-shaped support plate 44 made of a punching metal or the like.
- the position of the support piece 41 protruding inward from the lower part of the inner wall part 25 of the heat insulating part 24 and the position of the support piece 42 protruding outward from the introduction pipe 14 facing the position are the legs in FIG.
- the support plate 43 is disposed above the support pieces 41 and 42 by being set upward by the length of 45.
- FIG. 9 shows still another embodiment of the steam reformer 1 according to the present invention, and shows a partially enlarged view of the vicinity of the high-temperature reaction section 2 according to FIG.
- the main parts of the steam reformer 1 of the present embodiment are the same as those shown in FIG.
- the steam reformer 1 has a double-cylinder structure including an inner cylinder 2 in which a high-temperature reactor 6 and an adjacent portion 7 adjacent thereto are arranged, and an outer cylinder 3 arranged around the inner cylinder 2.
- the high-temperature reaction section 6 is provided with a mixed catalyst layer 4 in which a steam reforming catalyst and an oxidation catalyst are mixed, and an oxygen-containing gas introduction section 5, and a steam reforming catalyst layer 16 is provided in the outer cylinder 3.
- a heat insulating portion 24 having an annular hollow portion is arranged outside the inner cylinder 2.
- the enlarged vertical wall of the inner cylinder 2 forms the outer wall 26 of the heat insulating part 24, and the flanged part of the expanded part forms the side wall 27 below the heat insulating part 24.
- the oxygen-containing gas introduction section 5 has an introduction pipe 14 extending along the center of the inner cylinder 2 in the axial direction, and an ejection section 15 provided near the end of the introduction pipe 14.
- a cylindrical body 40 a having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the introduction pipe 14 is arranged so as to surround the circumference of the introduction pipe 14.
- the upper end of the cylindrical body 40a is connected to the upper part of the introduction pipe 14, that is, directly below the ejection part 15.
- a gap layer 41 having a predetermined width is formed between the introduction pipe 14 and the cylindrical body 40a, and the gap layer 41 extends from the connecting portion to the position of the lower edge of the inner wall portion 25. Is open.
- the cylinder forming the gap layer 4 1 The body 40 constitutes a thermal diffusion suppressing means 50 for suppressing thermal diffusion from the high temperature reaction section 6 to the oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe 4.
- the lower outer peripheral surface of the mixed catalyst layer 4 supported by the support plate 10 is in contact with the inner surface of the cylindrical body 40a and is not in contact with the introduction pipe 14. Therefore, heat transfer from the high-temperature reaction section 6 (mixed catalyst layer 4) to the introduction pipe 14 is greatly suppressed, and as a result, the thermal efficiency of the high-temperature reaction section 6 can be increased.
- the heat transfer / diffusion suppressing means 50 is constituted by a gap portion 30 formed annularly below the inner wall portion 25 constituting the heat insulating portion 24.
- Another heat transfer diffusion suppressing means 50 is constituted by the void layer 41. That is, an annular support piece 31 protruding inward from the lower edge of the inner wall portion 25, and an annular support piece 42 protruding outward from the lower edge of the cylindrical body 40a opposed thereto are provided, A disk-shaped air-permeable support 10 made of punching metal or the like is supported on them.
- the bottom of the mixed catalyst layer 4 arranged in the high-temperature reaction section 6 is supported on the support 10, and an adjacent section 7 composed of a heat transfer layer is arranged downstream (lower side in FIG. 9). Then, a void layer 40 constituting the heat transfer suppressing means 50 is formed between the bottom surface of the mixed catalyst layer 4 and the upper surface of the adjacent part 7.
- three heat transfer suppressing means 50 that is, the cylindrical body 40a, the gap portion 30 and the gap layer 33 are provided, and the synergistic effect of the heat transfer suppressing means 50 from the high-temperature reaction portion 6 to the periphery is provided. Thermal diffusion can be suppressed very effectively. In some cases, one of the gap 30 and the gap layer 40 may be omitted.
- this gap 30a extends from the upper end of the inner wall 25 to the outer wall 26. The heat transfer is suppressed, and may be omitted in some cases.
- FIG. 10 is a modification of FIG. The difference between this embodiment and the example of FIG. 9 is only the heat transfer suppressing means 50, and the other parts are configured similarly.
- the heat transfer suppressing means 50 is constituted by a tubular heat insulating layer 43 covering the outside of the introduction pipe 14.
- the heat insulating layer 43 is formed by molding an inorganic fiber material such as glass fiber having heat resistance and heat insulating property into a cylindrical shape, and inserting it into the outer periphery of the introduction pipe 4.
- the upper end of the heat insulating layer 43 extends to the upper part of the inlet pipe 14, that is, just below the ejection part 15, and the lower end of the heat insulating layer 24 forms the inner wall part 25 constituting the heat insulating part 24. Extend to the lower edge.
- an annular support piece 31 provided on the lower edge of the inner wall part 25 and an annular support piece 42 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the introduction pipe 4 facing the annular support piece 31 are provided in an annular shape.
- the supporting plate 10 having air permeability is supported.
- the inner peripheral surface of the support plate 10 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the heat insulating layer 43 and is not directly in contact with the introduction pipe 14, the heat of the mixed catalyst layer 4 is introduced through the support plate 10. Transfer of heat to the pipe 14 can be effectively suppressed.
- FIG. 11 shows still another embodiment of the steam reformer according to the present invention.
- the present embodiment is characterized in that the wall surface of the water vapor reformer 1 with which the catalyst layer comes into contact has a specific shape, and the specific shape is the shape of the inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 3 of each of the embodiments described so far. Applicable to walls.
- FIG. 11 shows an example in which the inner peripheral surface of the high-temperature reaction section 6 of the inner cylinder 2 is formed in a specific shape.
- the mixed catalyst layer 4 arranged in the high-temperature reaction section 6 is formed by closely packing a small, particulate catalyst 44 (mixed catalyst of a particulate steam catalyst and a particulate oxidation catalyst).
- a dimple surface 45 At least the inner surface 2a of the inner cylinder 2 which is in contact with the mixed catalyst layer 4 is a dimple surface 45 in which concave surfaces are formed infinitely two-dimensionally at equal intervals. Then, a part of the outer peripheral portion of the particulate catalyst 44 forming the mixed catalyst layer 4 comes into contact with the dimple surface 45 so as to enter.
- Each concave portion of the dimple surface 45 has the same radius of curvature, and the radius of curvature is equal to the radius of curvature of the uniformly granulated and shaped particulate catalyst 44 or slightly larger (for example, larger by several%). ) It is formed.
- a known steam reforming catalyst, oxidation catalyst, shift catalyst, or the like made by granulation molding is used, and forms a dimple surface 45 having a concave portion with a radius of curvature that matches the diameter thereof.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing a contact state between the particulate catalyst 44 and the dimple surface 45.
- each concave portion of the dimple surface 45 have a radius of curvature substantially equal to that of the particulate catalyst 44
- each particulate catalyst 44 in contact with the inner surface 2 a of the inner cylinder 2 becomes each concave portion.
- the gap B formed between the inner surface 2a and the particulate catalyst 44 becomes small, and is substantially equal to the gap C formed between the adjacent particulate catalysts 44 in the second and subsequent stages. Is equivalent to
- the mixed catalyst layer 4 has the same porosity as a whole, so that a uniform flow is maintained without causing a bias in the flowing raw material gas / water vapor mixture. it can.
- the contact time between the raw material gas / water vapor mixture passing through the mixed catalyst layer 4 and the catalyst is also made uniform, so that the reaction efficiency in the high temperature reaction section 6 is improved.
- the particulate catalysts 44 can also be ideally packed in a close-packed manner, many particulate catalysts 44 can be filled in the same space, and the reaction efficiency is improved from that aspect as well.
- the above embodiment describes the inner surface 2a of the inner cylinder 2 with which the mixed catalyst layer 4 contacts, but
- the present invention is not limited to this, and can be similarly applied to the inner surface of the outer cylinder 3 where the steam reforming catalyst layer 16 contacts, and the inner surface 2a of the inner cylinder 2 where the high temperature shift catalyst layer 8 and the low temperature shift catalyst layer 9 contact.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04719663.9A EP1602627B1 (en) | 2003-03-13 | 2004-03-11 | Steam reformer |
| US10/547,805 US7517507B2 (en) | 2003-03-13 | 2004-03-11 | Steam reformer |
| CA2517161A CA2517161C (en) | 2003-03-13 | 2004-03-11 | Steam reformer |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003068286A JP4387677B2 (ja) | 2003-03-13 | 2003-03-13 | 水蒸気改質器 |
| JP2003-68286 | 2003-03-13 | ||
| JP2003-89211 | 2003-03-27 | ||
| JP2003089211A JP4281084B2 (ja) | 2003-03-27 | 2003-03-27 | 水蒸気改質器 |
| JP2003-89208 | 2003-03-27 | ||
| JP2003089208A JP4281083B2 (ja) | 2003-03-27 | 2003-03-27 | 水蒸気改質器 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004080891A1 true WO2004080891A1 (ja) | 2004-09-23 |
Family
ID=32995599
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2004/003242 Ceased WO2004080891A1 (ja) | 2003-03-13 | 2004-03-11 | 水蒸気改質器 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7517507B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1602627B1 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101022189B1 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2517161C (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004080891A1 (ja) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8691813B2 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2014-04-08 | Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Indole and benzoxazine derivatives as modulators of metabotropic glutamate receptors |
| US8722894B2 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2014-05-13 | Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 1,3-disubstituted-4-phenyl-1H-pyridin-2-ones |
| US8748621B2 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2014-06-10 | Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 1,3-disubstituted 4-(aryl-X-phenyl)-1H-pyridin-2-ones |
| US8841323B2 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2014-09-23 | Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 1, 4-disubstituted 3-cyano-pyridone derivatives and their use as positive allosteric modulators of MGLUR2-receptors |
| US8906939B2 (en) | 2007-03-07 | 2014-12-09 | Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 3-cyano-4-(4-tetrahydropyran-phenyl)-pyridin-2-one derivatives |
| US11071729B2 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2021-07-27 | Addex Pharmaceuticals S.A. | 1′,3′-disubstituted-4-phenyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2H,1′H-[1,4′]bipyridinyl-2′-ones |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2386129B1 (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2020-04-29 | Powercell Sweden AB | Fuel processor and method for generating hydrogen rich gas |
| WO2014011225A1 (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2014-01-16 | Intramicron, Inc. | Method for improving wall heat transfer in a chemical reactor |
| US9958211B2 (en) | 2015-03-12 | 2018-05-01 | Bayotech, Inc. | Nested-flow heat exchangers and chemical reactors |
| FR3040313B1 (fr) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-08-25 | Air Liquide | Echangeur-reacteur integrant les reactions de vaporeformage et de gaz a l'eau pour la production d'hydrogene |
| US10454147B2 (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2019-10-22 | Intramicron, Inc. | Battery pack for energy storage devices |
| JP6677011B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-25 | 2020-04-08 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 燃料電池モジュールおよびその製造方法 |
| US11597649B2 (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2023-03-07 | Bayotech, Inc. | Steam methane reformer hydrogen generation systems |
| US10894244B1 (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2021-01-19 | Bayotech, Inc. | Hydrogen generation systems |
| US11891302B2 (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2024-02-06 | Bayotech, Inc. | Hydrogen generation systems |
| JP7407635B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-26 | 2024-01-04 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 反応装置 |
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- 2004-03-11 CA CA2517161A patent/CA2517161C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-11 EP EP04719663.9A patent/EP1602627B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-11 KR KR1020057016318A patent/KR101022189B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-11 WO PCT/JP2004/003242 patent/WO2004080891A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2004-03-11 US US10/547,805 patent/US7517507B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JPS6089235U (ja) * | 1983-11-24 | 1985-06-19 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 燃料改質装置 |
| JPH0269301A (ja) * | 1988-07-22 | 1990-03-08 | Imperial Chem Ind Plc <Ici> | 水素 |
| JPH1183367A (ja) * | 1997-09-17 | 1999-03-26 | Toshiba Corp | 伝熱管及び伝熱管の使用方法 |
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| US6254807B1 (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 2001-07-03 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Control of H2 and CO produced in partial oxidation process |
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| US8841323B2 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2014-09-23 | Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 1, 4-disubstituted 3-cyano-pyridone derivatives and their use as positive allosteric modulators of MGLUR2-receptors |
| US8906939B2 (en) | 2007-03-07 | 2014-12-09 | Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 3-cyano-4-(4-tetrahydropyran-phenyl)-pyridin-2-one derivatives |
| US8722894B2 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2014-05-13 | Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 1,3-disubstituted-4-phenyl-1H-pyridin-2-ones |
| US8748621B2 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2014-06-10 | Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 1,3-disubstituted 4-(aryl-X-phenyl)-1H-pyridin-2-ones |
| US11071729B2 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2021-07-27 | Addex Pharmaceuticals S.A. | 1′,3′-disubstituted-4-phenyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2H,1′H-[1,4′]bipyridinyl-2′-ones |
| US8691813B2 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2014-04-08 | Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Indole and benzoxazine derivatives as modulators of metabotropic glutamate receptors |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20050115887A (ko) | 2005-12-08 |
| US20060185243A1 (en) | 2006-08-24 |
| CA2517161C (en) | 2011-08-16 |
| KR101022189B1 (ko) | 2011-03-17 |
| US7517507B2 (en) | 2009-04-14 |
| EP1602627B1 (en) | 2015-07-08 |
| EP1602627A4 (en) | 2009-10-21 |
| CA2517161A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 |
| EP1602627A1 (en) | 2005-12-07 |
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