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WO2004080454A1 - Composition comprising 5-hydroxytryptophan for reducing or alleviating the effects of nicotine withdrawal and use thereof - Google Patents

Composition comprising 5-hydroxytryptophan for reducing or alleviating the effects of nicotine withdrawal and use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004080454A1
WO2004080454A1 PCT/IB2004/000726 IB2004000726W WO2004080454A1 WO 2004080454 A1 WO2004080454 A1 WO 2004080454A1 IB 2004000726 W IB2004000726 W IB 2004000726W WO 2004080454 A1 WO2004080454 A1 WO 2004080454A1
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Prior art keywords
composition according
smoking
composition
cessation
vitamin
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PCT/IB2004/000726
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French (fr)
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Andries Petrus Burger
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/4415—Pyridoxine, i.e. Vitamin B6
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
    • A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline 
    • A61K31/353—3,4-Dihydrobenzopyrans, e.g. chroman, catechin
    • A61K31/355—Tocopherols, e.g. vitamin E
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
    • A61K31/365—Lactones
    • A61K31/375—Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin C; Salts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
    • A61K31/403—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. carbazole
    • A61K31/404—Indoles, e.g. pindolol
    • A61K31/405—Indole-alkanecarboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. tryptophan, indomethacin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/506—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/51—Thiamines, e.g. vitamin B1
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/525—Isoalloxazines, e.g. riboflavins, vitamin B2
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/30—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abuse or dependence
    • A61P25/34—Tobacco-abuse

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composition, particularly for use in alleviating and reducing the effects of the cessation of smoking, and more particularly during voluntary cessation attempts, forced temporary abstinence and/or as an aid to smoking reduction.
  • Nicotine also depletes serotonin (5-HT) in the brain. Smoking is becoming increasingly a social problem.
  • Environmental tobacco smoke also known as “passive smoking”, “involuntary smoking” or “second-hand smoke”
  • Smokers seem to be well aware of the problem of weight gain following smoking cessation. Greater appetite and hunger as well as increased preference for carbohydrates are common withdrawal symptoms. Smokers compensate for non-smoking by an increase in eating and nibbling. The fear of weight gain after smoking cessation may be an important factor in the persistence of smoking, particularly for women who use cigarettes as a method of appetite suppression and weight control.
  • NRT nicotine replacement therapies
  • non-nicotine based medications which are mostly prescription drugs.
  • the applicant has thus identified a need for a non-nicotine based, freely available over-the-counter (OTC) and cost-effective pharmacological aid which addresses both the physiological and psychological aspects of dependence on cigarette smoking.
  • the composition may be used to alleviate and reduce withdrawal symptoms as an aid to smoking cessation, smoking reduction or during temporary abstinence
  • 5-hydroxytryptophan for use in alleviating and reducing one or more of the effects of the cessation of nicotine withdrawal.
  • the nicotine withdrawal is typically as a result of the cessation of tobacco smoking, in particular during voluntary cessation attempts, temporary abstinence and/or as an aid to smoking reduction.
  • the temporary abstinence may be for a period of from a few hours to a few days, as a result of a smoker being temporarily restricted to a no-smoking area, such as an aircraft, airport building or hospital. Typically, the period is for less than 48 hours.
  • the effects of nicotine withdrawal which are reduced may include nicotine craving, increased appetite, dysphoria or depressed mood, sleeplessness, irritability, frustration, anger, anxiety, difficulty in concentrating and restlessness.
  • nicotine craving and/or increase in appetite are reduced.
  • 5-HTP in the manufacture of a composition for use in alleviating and reducing the effects of the cessation of smoking during voluntary cessation attempts and temporary abstinence and as an aid to smoking reduction.
  • compositions particularly for use in alleviating and reducing the effects of cessation of smoking, including 5-HTP, together with one or more of a potentiator, an anti- stress agent and an antioxidant, in particular during voluntary cessation attempts, temporary abstinence and/or as an aid to smoking reduction.
  • the 5-HTP is used, in the manner described above, in combination with a glycine compound selected from N- monomethyl glycine, N,N-dimethyl glycine, trimethyl glycine, and salts thereof.
  • a glycine compound selected from N- monomethyl glycine, N,N-dimethyl glycine, trimethyl glycine, and salts thereof.
  • the invention provides the use of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) for use in alleviating and reducing the effects of the cessation of smoking, in particular during voluntary cessation attempts, temporary abstinence and/or as an aid to smoking reduction.
  • 5-hydroxytryptophan 5-HTP
  • Serotonin or 5-Hydroxytriptamine (5-HT) is a downstream metabolite in the two-step metabolic pathway that begins with the precursor amino acid L- tryptophan. Once in the body, L-tryptophan is converted to 5-HTP and from there, serotonin (5-HT) is produced.
  • 5-HTP is the immediate precursor in the biosynthesis of serotonin (5-HT). 5- HTP readily crosses the blood-brain barrier and becomes available for serotonin (5-HT) synthesis. In the brain, serotonin (5-HT) fulfils the function of a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.
  • Serotonin (5-HT) is involved in a large number of physiological events and a multitude of brain functions are influenced by serotonin (5-HT). These include sleep, appetite, the perception of pain, mood, anxiety, aggression, stress and nervousness.
  • the oral administration of 5-HTP may help to restore or increase serotonin (5-HT) levels in the brain.
  • 5-HTP is obtained from a natural plant extract from the seeds of the African tree, Griffonia Simplicifolia.
  • the 5-HTP will be administered in the form of a composition.
  • the composition may be divided into a number of easily administered units such that when all the units are taken over a day, this provides the required daily dose of the 5-HTP for the patient.
  • the daily dose of 5-HTP will typically be in the range of from 25 mg to 400 mg, in: i. divided doses of 5 mg to 100 mg, or ii. a single, controlled-release dosage form.
  • the composition will typically be a solid, for example a tablet or capsule, a semi-solid, such as a soft gelatine capsule, or in liquid form, for example a solution or flowable dispersion.
  • the method of administering the composition is sub-lingual, where absorption from the oral mucosa enhances the bio-availability of 5-HTP in the central nervous system.
  • sub-lingual administration prevents the peripheral conversion of 5-HTP to serotonin (5-HT) outside the central nervous system.
  • the composition may also contain a glycine compound, a potentiator such as folic acid, an anti-stress agent such as vitamin B1 thiamine hydrochloride and/or vitamin B6 pyridoxine hydrochloride or an anti-oxidant such as vitamin C or vitamin E.
  • a glycine compound such as folic acid
  • an anti-stress agent such as vitamin B1 thiamine hydrochloride and/or vitamin B6 pyridoxine hydrochloride or an anti-oxidant such as vitamin C or vitamin E.
  • the composition will also contain usual excipients known in the art.
  • composition contained the following ingredients:
  • composition contained the following ingredients:
  • Vitamin C (Sodium Ascorbate) 3 mg
  • a controlled release tablet contained the following ingredients:

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  • Addiction (AREA)
  • Psychiatry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
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  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a composition, particularly for use in alleviating and reducing one or more of the effects of the cessation of nicotine withdrawal. The composition includes 5­hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP). The nicotine withdrawal is typically as a result of the cessation of tobacco smoking, in particular during voluntary cessation attempts, temporary abstinence and/or as an aid to smoking reduction. The effects of nicotine withdrawal which are reduced or alleviated include nicotine craving, dysphoria or depressed mood, sleeplessness, irritability, frustration, anger, anxiety, difficulty in concentrating and restlessness, and in particular, an increase in appetite. The composition may include a glycine compound.

Description

COMPOSITION COMPRISING 5-HYDROXYTRYPTOPHAN FOR REDUCING OR ALLEVIATING THE EFFECTS OF NICOTINE WITHDRAWAL AND USE THEREOF
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a composition, particularly for use in alleviating and reducing the effects of the cessation of smoking, and more particularly during voluntary cessation attempts, forced temporary abstinence and/or as an aid to smoking reduction.
Tobacco smoking is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Smoking is now recognized as the leading preventable cause of death and disease worldwide. Smoking addiction can be overcome and the health benefits of smoking cessation for men and women of all ages are major and immediate.
The extraordinary addictiveness of cigarette smoking and the fact that smoking creates both physiological and psychological dependence makes it a difficult habit to break. On the physiological side, once a smoker becomes addicted to smoking, the body depends on nicotine. When smokers abstain from smoking during forced temporary abstinence or cessation attempts, withdrawal symptoms occur. These include dysphoria or depressed mood, sleeplessness, irritability, frustration, anger, anxiety, difficulty in concentrating, restlessness, increased appetite and above all, the intense craving for nicotine. On the psychological side, a number of external events independent of and unrelated to nicotine dependence also control smoking, such as the ritual of smoking (the handling and lighting the cigarette), the act of smoking itself becoming a source of pleasure and the perceived improvement in performance and concentration. Nicotine also depletes serotonin (5-HT) in the brain. Smoking is becoming increasingly a social problem. Environmental tobacco smoke, also known as "passive smoking", "involuntary smoking" or "second-hand smoke", is firmly acknowledged as a significant threat to health through the involuntary exposure of non-smokers to environmental tobacco smoke. For this reason, smoking is now banned or prohibited in many parts of the world, for instance, in the workplace, on public transportation including national and international flights, in hospitals and in public non-smoking areas.
Some smokers are unwilling, unable or not ready to stop smoking abruptly. Smoking reduction, a sustained reduction in overall cigarette consumption with the objective of either reducing tobacco-related harm or promoting smoking cessation, is an alternative therapeutic option for smokers who are not ready, unwilling or unable to stop smoking.
Smokers seem to be well aware of the problem of weight gain following smoking cessation. Greater appetite and hunger as well as increased preference for carbohydrates are common withdrawal symptoms. Smokers compensate for non-smoking by an increase in eating and nibbling. The fear of weight gain after smoking cessation may be an important factor in the persistence of smoking, particularly for women who use cigarettes as a method of appetite suppression and weight control.
One of the major themes that has emerged from smoking cessation and reduction is the value of pharmacological aids which ensure that cost- effective interventions are available to the bulk of the smoking population.
There are currently two categories of medication available as aids for smoking cessation: nicotine replacement medications, generally referred to as "nicotine replacement therapies" (NRT), and non-nicotine based medications, which are mostly prescription drugs.
The applicant has thus identified a need for a non-nicotine based, freely available over-the-counter (OTC) and cost-effective pharmacological aid which addresses both the physiological and psychological aspects of dependence on cigarette smoking. The composition may be used to alleviate and reduce withdrawal symptoms as an aid to smoking cessation, smoking reduction or during temporary abstinence
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, there is provided 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) for use in alleviating and reducing one or more of the effects of the cessation of nicotine withdrawal. The nicotine withdrawal is typically as a result of the cessation of tobacco smoking, in particular during voluntary cessation attempts, temporary abstinence and/or as an aid to smoking reduction.
The temporary abstinence may be for a period of from a few hours to a few days, as a result of a smoker being temporarily restricted to a no-smoking area, such as an aircraft, airport building or hospital. Typically, the period is for less than 48 hours.
The effects of nicotine withdrawal which are reduced may include nicotine craving, increased appetite, dysphoria or depressed mood, sleeplessness, irritability, frustration, anger, anxiety, difficulty in concentrating and restlessness. In particular, the nicotine craving and/or increase in appetite are reduced.
Further, according to the invention, there is provided the use of 5-HTP in the manufacture of a composition for use in alleviating and reducing the effects of the cessation of smoking during voluntary cessation attempts and temporary abstinence and as an aid to smoking reduction.
Still further, according to the invention, there is provided a composition, particularly for use in alleviating and reducing the effects of cessation of smoking, including 5-HTP, together with one or more of a potentiator, an anti- stress agent and an antioxidant, in particular during voluntary cessation attempts, temporary abstinence and/or as an aid to smoking reduction.
Still further, according to the invention, the 5-HTP is used, in the manner described above, in combination with a glycine compound selected from N- monomethyl glycine, N,N-dimethyl glycine, trimethyl glycine, and salts thereof.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
The invention provides the use of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) for use in alleviating and reducing the effects of the cessation of smoking, in particular during voluntary cessation attempts, temporary abstinence and/or as an aid to smoking reduction.
Serotonin (or 5-Hydroxytriptamine (5-HT)) is a downstream metabolite in the two-step metabolic pathway that begins with the precursor amino acid L- tryptophan. Once in the body, L-tryptophan is converted to 5-HTP and from there, serotonin (5-HT) is produced.
5-HTP is the immediate precursor in the biosynthesis of serotonin (5-HT). 5- HTP readily crosses the blood-brain barrier and becomes available for serotonin (5-HT) synthesis. In the brain, serotonin (5-HT) fulfils the function of a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.
Serotonin (5-HT) is involved in a large number of physiological events and a multitude of brain functions are influenced by serotonin (5-HT). These include sleep, appetite, the perception of pain, mood, anxiety, aggression, stress and nervousness. The oral administration of 5-HTP may help to restore or increase serotonin (5-HT) levels in the brain.
5-HTP is obtained from a natural plant extract from the seeds of the African tree, Griffonia Simplicifolia. The 5-HTP will be administered in the form of a composition. The composition may be divided into a number of easily administered units such that when all the units are taken over a day, this provides the required daily dose of the 5-HTP for the patient. The daily dose of 5-HTP will typically be in the range of from 25 mg to 400 mg, in: i. divided doses of 5 mg to 100 mg, or ii. a single, controlled-release dosage form.
The composition will typically be a solid, for example a tablet or capsule, a semi-solid, such as a soft gelatine capsule, or in liquid form, for example a solution or flowable dispersion. Typically, the method of administering the composition is sub-lingual, where absorption from the oral mucosa enhances the bio-availability of 5-HTP in the central nervous system. At the same time, sub-lingual administration prevents the peripheral conversion of 5-HTP to serotonin (5-HT) outside the central nervous system.
The composition may also contain a glycine compound, a potentiator such as folic acid, an anti-stress agent such as vitamin B1 thiamine hydrochloride and/or vitamin B6 pyridoxine hydrochloride or an anti-oxidant such as vitamin C or vitamin E. The composition will also contain usual excipients known in the art.
Examples
Examples of the invention will now be described.
In a first example of the invention, the composition contained the following ingredients:
5-HTP 10 mg
Emdex qs mg
Magnesium stearate 3 mg
280 mg ln a second example of the invention, the composition contained the following ingredients:
5-Hydroxytryptophan 10 mg
Trimethyl glycine 10 mg
Zn-lactate (23% Zn) 5 mg
Egg Albumin 25 mg
Lecethin 3 mg
B-i Thiamine Hydrochloride 0,8 mg
B2 Riboflavine 5 Phosphate Sodium 0,8 mg
B3 Nicotinamide 0,8 mg
B6 Pyridoxine Hydrochloride 1 mg
Folic Acid 0,02 mg
Vitamin C (Sodium Ascorbate) 3 mg
Vitamin E 50% Adsorbate 6 mg
Sodium Cyclamate 0,5 mg
Potassium Sorbate 0,15 mg
Benzoic Acid 0,1 mg
Sodium Saccharin 0,25 mg
Flavour: Green Apple: Lr70173 1 ,2 mg
Emdex qs mg
Magnesium Stearate 3 mq
300 mg
In a third example of the invention, a controlled release tablet contained the following ingredients:
5-HTP 250 mg
Polyethylene glycol matrix 250 mg
The administration of the above-mentioned components, particularly 5-HTP on its own or in combination with the other components, demonstrated significant effects on smokers during smoking cessation, temporary abstinence and smoking reduction, especially in alleviating the intense craving for nicotine and the increased appetite. Other withdrawal symptoms which form part of the smoking withdrawal syndrome were also alleviated to varying extents, for example, dysphoria or depressed mood, sleeplessness, irritability, frustration, anger, anxiety, difficulty in concentrating and restlessness.

Claims

CLAIMS:
1. A composition containing 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) for use in a method of alleviating one or more of the effects of nicotine withdrawal.
2. A composition according to claim 1 , which is for use in alleviating and reducing the effects of the cessation or reduction of tobacco smoking.
3. A composition according to claim 2, wherein the cessation or reduction of smoking is for a period of less than 48 hours.
4. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which alleviates an increase in appetite associated with nicotine withdrawal.
5. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which includes one or more of a potentiator, an anti-stress agent and an antioxidant.
6. A composition according to claim 5, wherein the potentiator is folic acid.
7. A composition according to either one of claims 5 or 6, wherein the anti-stress agent is vitamin B1 thiamine hydrochloride and/or vitamin B6 pyridoxine hydrochloride.
8. A composition according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the antioxidant is vitamin C or vitamin E.
9. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, which includes a glycine compound.
10. A composition according to claim 9, wherein the glycine compound is selected from the group consisting of N-monomethyl glycine, N,N- dimethyl glycine, trimethyl glycine, and salts thereof.
11. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the method comprises administering to a subject a daily dose of between 25 mg and 400 mg 5-hydroxytryptophan.
12. A composition according to claim 11 , wherein the daily dosage is administered in the form of a number of divided doses, or a single, controlled-release dosage form.
13. A composition according to any of the preceding claims, which is in the form of a solid, a semi-solid, or a liquid.
14. The use of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5HTP) in a method of making a medicament for use in a method of alleviating one or more of the effects of nicotine withdrawal.
15. The use according to claim 14, wherein the nicotine withdrawal is a result of the cessation or reduction of tobacco smoking.
16. The use according to claim 15, wherein the cessation or reduction of smoking is for a period of less than 48 hours.
17. The use according to claim 15, wherein the medicament alleviates an increase in appetite associated with nicotine withdrawal.
18. The use according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein the medicament further includes a potentiator, an anti-stress agent and/or an antioxidant.
19. The use according to claim 18, wherein the potentiator is folic acid.
20. The use according to either of claims 18 or 19, wherein the anti-stress agent is vitamin B1 thiamine hydrochloride and/or vitamin B6 pyridoxine hydrochloride.
21. The use according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the antioxidant is vitamin C or vitamin E.
22. The use according to any one claims 14 to 21 , wherein the medicament further includes a glycine compound.
23. The use according to claim 22, wherein the glycine compound is selected from the group consisting of N-monomethyl glycine, N,N- dimethyl glycine, trimethyl glycine, and salts thereof.
24. The use according to any one of claims 14 to 23, wherein the method comprises administering to a subject a daily dose of between 25 mg and 400 mg 5-hydroxytryptophan.
25. The use according to claim 24, wherein the daily dosage is administered in the form of a number of divided doses, or a single, controlled-release dosage form.
26. The use according to any one of claims 14 to 25, wherein the medicament is in the form of a solid, a semi-solid or a liquid.
27. A method of alleviating or reducing the effects of nicotine withdrawal, including the step of administering a composition including 5- hydroxytryptophan to a patient.
28. A composition according to claim 1 , substantially as herein described with reference to any one of the illustrative examples.
PCT/IB2004/000726 2003-03-14 2004-03-15 Composition comprising 5-hydroxytryptophan for reducing or alleviating the effects of nicotine withdrawal and use thereof Ceased WO2004080454A1 (en)

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WO2006075011A3 (en) * 2005-01-14 2006-11-23 Organon Nv Glycine reuptake inhibitors for treating drug and alcohol dependence

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ZA99925B (en) * 1998-02-11 1999-08-05 Andries Petrus Burger Composition.
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US20020078969A1 (en) * 2000-12-21 2002-06-27 David Wastchak Method for reducing the effect of nicotine addiction and dependancy

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA914078B (en) * 1990-03-07 1992-03-25 Rautenbach Ignatius A composition containing an active ingredient
BE1005200A3 (en) * 1991-08-27 1993-05-25 Vandendael Kathleen Mariette Use of tryptophan and a nutritional formulation containing tryptophan
ZA99925B (en) * 1998-02-11 1999-08-05 Andries Petrus Burger Composition.
US6132724A (en) * 1998-04-29 2000-10-17 City Of Hope National Medical Center Allelic polygene diagnosis of reward deficiency syndrome and treatment
US20010036486A1 (en) * 2000-05-08 2001-11-01 Rosenthal Norman E. Method for treating nicotine addiction and deterring tobacco use with hypericum perforatum
US20020078969A1 (en) * 2000-12-21 2002-06-27 David Wastchak Method for reducing the effect of nicotine addiction and dependancy

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Title
DATABASE CHEMABS [online] CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE, COLUMBUS, OHIO, US; 4 October 1992 (1992-10-04), RAUTENBACH, IGNATIUS ET AL: "A composition containing tryptophan for alleviating side effects of cessation of smoking", XP002287643, retrieved from STN Database accession no. 1992:537703 *
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 200003, Derwent World Patents Index; Class B05, AN 2000-039503, XP002287655 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006075011A3 (en) * 2005-01-14 2006-11-23 Organon Nv Glycine reuptake inhibitors for treating drug and alcohol dependence
AU2006205796B2 (en) * 2005-01-14 2010-09-02 Merck Sharp & Dohme B.V. Glycine reuptake inhibitors for treating drug and alcohol dependence

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