WO2004077115A1 - 回折型光学部品およびそれを用いたレーザ加工装置 - Google Patents
回折型光学部品およびそれを用いたレーザ加工装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004077115A1 WO2004077115A1 PCT/JP2004/001230 JP2004001230W WO2004077115A1 WO 2004077115 A1 WO2004077115 A1 WO 2004077115A1 JP 2004001230 W JP2004001230 W JP 2004001230W WO 2004077115 A1 WO2004077115 A1 WO 2004077115A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/12—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by refraction only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/1086—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by diffraction only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
- B23K26/066—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms by using masks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/42—Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
- G02B27/46—Systems using spatial filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1814—Diffraction gratings structurally combined with one or more further optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors, prisms or other diffraction gratings
Definitions
- Patent application title Diffractive optical component and laser processing apparatus using the same
- the present invention provides a diffractive optical component that can branch one laser beam into points other than the lattice points assumed in a regular grid pattern, and a laser processing apparatus using the same, especially drilling, welding, soldering, and surface processing.
- the present invention relates to a multi-point batch laser processing apparatus that can be used for fine processing of electronic components such as processing.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-23011 “Diffraction type optical component design method” This is one of the inventions filed by the present inventor.
- DOE diffractive optical component
- the influence of manufacturing errors on the DOE and the evaluation function used for pattern optimization is taken into account, and a design method is provided that allows for easy manufacturing with wide tolerances, especially for parameters with small tolerance ranges (tolerances).
- a unit pattern in which cells are arranged vertically and horizontally is determined, and the cut patterns are arranged vertically and horizontally to form a pattern of the entire DOE.
- the calculation of the intensity of the diffracted beam is performed using fast Fourier transform (FFT), rhythm, and rhythm.
- FFT fast Fourier transform
- Patent Document 2 Patent No. 3 3 4 6 3 7 4 "Laser drilling machine"
- Laser light is divided into a number of beams by a diffractive optical element (D OE), and a large number of holes with the same diameter and the same diameter can be drilled at equal intervals on the object surface using the fsin 0 lens. is there.
- D OE diffractive optical element
- DOE diffractive optical element
- fsin6 lens improves the positional accuracy of drilling holes. It can be used effectively without displacement even up to the ⁇ th order diffracted light of the laser light. A large number of holes can be instantaneously drilled.
- DOE is defined as “a repetitive pattern (unit pattern) with a constant spatial period ⁇ ” or a repetitive pattern that modulates the same pattern with a constant spatial period ⁇ ⁇ . What happens? " In other words, DOE is created by determining a unit pattern T, and repeating the same pattern G times vertically and H times horizontally.
- the decision of unit pattern T is equal to the design of DOE.
- the DOE is composed of a number of cells C (minimum unit), R in the vertical direction and S in the horizontal direction.
- 2 s thicknesses ⁇ d mn ⁇ of many cells C ⁇ (m, n) ⁇ is the original design of D ⁇ E.
- the conventional DOE always determines the unit pattern T and the thickness ⁇ d mn ⁇ of the cell ⁇ (m, n ) ⁇ included in a unit smaller than the DOE, and arranges the same unit pattern T vertically and horizontally. Had become. Therefore, the problem with a large degree of freedom for the entire DOE was replaced with a problem with a small degree of freedom for the unit pattern T alone.
- a unit pattern T consists of P cells in the X-axis direction and Q cells in the y-axis direction.
- the number of cells included in the unit pattern T is P Q. Therefore, the number of cells C to be designed is not limited to the number of cells of the entire D 0 E, but to the number P Q of cells of the unity pattern T.
- One DOE is composed of G unit patterns T arranged horizontally (X-axis direction) and H units vertically (Y-axis direction).
- the hierarchical structure is summarized as follows.
- the direction angle indicating the direction of the diffracted beam (continuous number)
- the degree of freedom is only gPQ. In other words, the degree of freedom of design is equal to the number g PQ obtained by dividing the degree of freedom g P GHQ of the entire DOE by the number GH of unity patterns T.
- the degree of freedom simply refers to the number of cells to be designed (PGHQ or PQ).
- the unity pattern Since the unity pattern is repeated, it becomes a diffraction grating. In other words, the light is diffracted only to the lattice points on the object (image plane).
- the diffraction point is an integral multiple of a unit quantity. It enables calculations by the fast Fourier transform (FFT).
- FFT fast Fourier transform
- spots are to be drilled, they are often drilled at grid points that are arranged vertically and horizontally at equal intervals. For example, making holes in the printed circuit board at equal intervals vertically and horizontally This is the case.
- Diffractive optical components based on such repetition of unit patterns, however, have the following disadvantages.
- DOE which is a repetition of the unit pattern T, can determine the traveling direction of the branch beam only on a regular grid point. It is possible to reduce the pitch of the grating by increasing the unit pattern size and decreasing the laser wavelength. However, the laser wavelength is determined once the laser is determined. The only way to shorten the wavelength is to change the laser.
- the only lasers that provide sufficient power and are easy to use are carbon dioxide lasers and YAG lasers.
- the wavelength should not be moved as much as possible. Therefore, the only way to narrow the interval (pitch) between grid points to be drilled is to increase the unit pattern size.
- the diffraction orders ni j are positive and negative integers (0, ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2 ⁇ ' ⁇ ).
- the left side is the difference in the distance from the corresponding point of the adjacent wood pattern to a plane inclined by ⁇ ′′, and the condition on the right side is that the light is diffracted so as to be an integral multiple of the wavelength.
- the mi-order diffracted light will be diffracted in the direction of Ct j.
- the diffracted beam will be focused on equally spaced grid points on the surface of the workpiece such as a printed circuit board.
- the grid point on the workpiece surface is a point of f s i n a j with respect to the origin of the workpiece surface.
- the size of the DOE cannot be exceeded, but the desired diffraction characteristics will not be achieved unless there are several unity patterns in the vertical and horizontal directions. It is an integer.
- the overall size of the DOE is limited by the spread of the laser beam. That limits the size ⁇ of the unit pattern. In that case, the lattice point pitch p on the workpiece surface has a lower limit and cannot be reduced any further. That is one drawback.
- spots are located only at regular grid point positions on the image plane (working surface of the workpiece). I can't let it. It is difficult to achieve the high-precision spot placement required for electronic components. As described above, the beam diffracted in the direction of ⁇ ; when the fsi ⁇ ⁇ lens is used. Is
- a conventional diffractive optical component (DOE) that repeats a unit pattern is described with reference to FIG.
- the left side of Fig. 1 shows the DOE and unit pattern.
- the size of the smallest unit cell C is a X b.
- a unit pattern T is a collection of P horizontal cells and Q vertical cells.
- DOE is a collection of unity G and H units. .
- PQ senole forms one unit pattern T
- GH unit patterns form one DOE.
- D O E includes P Q GH cells, but since the unit pattern of GH is the same, the degree of freedom of the cells is only P Q after all.
- the unit pattern T becomes a diffraction grating, and is diffracted in a direction according to the Bragg diffraction equation.
- the order of the horizontal diffraction is represented by p
- the order of the vertical diffraction is represented by q.
- the direction of the diffracted light is P horizontally and Q vertically.
- the direction of the grating or diffracted light on the object surface is represented by P XQ.
- the lattice points mj on the PQ objects T (irradiated surface; image plane) are represented by orders (p, q). Since the origin is located at the center of the unit pattern, one P / 2 ⁇ p ⁇ P / 2 and one Q / S q QZS.
- the parameter of the m, nth cell (pixel) is the complex amplitude transmittance t mn .
- the phase ⁇ mn is important for the transmittance, and the absolute value of the transmittance is set to 1. It is given as the phase difference ⁇ ⁇ i) mn when passing through the thickness portion and when passing through the reference thickness. [0 0 3 3]
- the cells are shown in black and white for simplicity, but need not be binary as described above, but are 2 s values.
- the diffracted light is focused on a lattice point on the work surface T (image surface).
- the coordinates of the grid points are p and q.
- a lattice point is a point at which vertical and horizontal lines are orthogonal.
- Diffracted beams are always localized at grid points. No diffracted beam passes through non-lattice points.
- lattice point is often used in the future, but it also means the lattice of the image plane T, and also uses the lattice point in the diffraction angle space before it is projected on the image plane.
- the diffracted beam passing through the lattice points in the diffraction angle space is a beam focused on the lattice points on the image plane T.
- the grid point position is strictly given by equations (2) and (3).
- the amplitude W pq of the diffracted light traveling from the DOE in the (p, q) direction is obtained as follows.
- the grid point coordinates (p, q) on the workpiece surface and the diffraction orders (p, q) at the DOE correspond one-to-one.
- the Fourier transform of the complex transmittance t mn of the pixel at D ⁇ E becomes the amplitude W pq of the diffracted light in the (p, q) direction. That is, IW pq I 2 is the diffracted light intensity at the lattice point (pq) on the workpiece surface. that is
- the intermediate non-integer part is known to be 0 from the beginning, so there is no need to calculate it (actually, when Equation (4) is calculated for a non-integer, it does not mean ⁇ , but the unity pattern is repeated. It is more accurate to assume that the non-integer part can be assumed to be zero or negligibly small.)
- the number of parameters (m, n) on the DOE side is PQ
- the number of parameters (p, q) on the image plane side is PQ.
- the square of the absolute value of the complex amplitude gives the intensity in the (P, q) direction I (p, .q).
- the required angle resolution is the angle that allows for the length of adjacent grid points on the image plane. If the distance between D 0 E and the image plane is L and the unit length of the image plane grid is e, the required angular resolution is e / L.
- the required angular resolution V is the wavelength; I divided by the unit pattern dimension ⁇ (horizontal a P or vertical b Q).
- V J ⁇ / b Q (7)
- DOE is a set of GXH unit patterns.
- the angular resolution U cannot be smaller than the angle obtained by dividing the wavelength by the DOE dimension (aR or bS). In other words, the resolution (in the sense of the minimum discrimination angle) is too rough.
- diffracted light can be given only to lattice points. This means that diffracted light cannot be applied to points that deviate from the lattice points, and that only lattice-like patterns can be targeted. That will severely limit the use of the DOE.
- L is the distance between DOE and the image plane.
- the sell size of 0 & £ is & b,
- e_L is an angle that allows for the lattice length of the image plane from DOE, and is equal to the difference between diffraction angles with different orders.
- the present invention assumes that there is no unity pattern and that t mn can be freely given to all of the cells, gives complex transmittance t mn to all cells, and does not use fast Fourier transform (FFT). Is the diffraction integral equation,
- the degree of freedom in design has increased significantly. Beams can be distributed to non-grid points and the angular resolution can be increased. However, the number of desired diffraction points ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) is ⁇ , which does not increase. However, FFT cannot be used, and the number of terms included in each equation is HG times. It takes time to calculate. It takes time not only to calculate but also to give ⁇ t mn ⁇ as initial condition and correction condition.
- DOE is a diffractive optical component It consists of R pixels horizontally and S pixels vertically, not a turn.
- the conventional configuration has three stages: pixel, unit pattern, and DOE, but lacks an intermediate unit pattern. It has a two-stage configuration consisting of the minimum unit pixel and the entire DOE.
- One pixel which is the minimum unit, has g levels of thickness.
- W ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) be the intensity of the branched beam in the a and ⁇ directions included in the diffracted light from the DOE. It is obtained as a Fourier transform of the DOE amplitude transmittance t mn . Since there is no unit pattern, the concept of n-th order diffraction no longer exists. Since the angle dependence of the intensity distribution due to the diffracted light from the DOE can be calculated by Fourier transform (FFT cannot be used), the calculation is actually performed, and the complex amplitude in the three directions is obtained.
- FFT Fourier transform
- k is the wave number 2 ⁇ .
- the difference from equation (4) is that 0 ;, ⁇ , which represents the azimuth, are not necessarily the integers p, q corresponding to the lattice points.
- ⁇ :, ⁇ is a real number. If an integer is taken, it corresponds to the lattice points P and q on the workpiece surface, which is the same as Eq. (4).
- K be the number of branch beams. It is a finite number depending on the purpose.
- the inclination angles of the k-th branch beam are a k and j8 k .
- the angle of each branch beam is set to a certain angular resolution V! (Ie; ;) does not need to be an integral multiple. , Again the required angular resolution U 2 , V 2 can be defined. A sufficiently small positive constant U 2 and V 2
- each branch beam can be set as in the conventional design
- the k integer groups ⁇ m k ⁇ have no common divisor and are relatively prime. Also, the k groups ⁇ n lt ⁇ have no common divisor and are relatively prime. That is, the angular resolution U 2 that requires the greatest common divisor of the group of sine of the X-direction diffraction angle ⁇ sina lt ⁇ , and the angular resolution V 2 that requires the greatest common divisor of the group of sine of the y-direction diffraction angle ⁇ sin] 3 k ⁇ To give.
- the common divisor is a number divisible by k ⁇ sina k ⁇ .
- the greatest common divisor means the largest of them.
- the angle equivalent to the greatest common divisor is the required angular resolution.
- the total dimensions of the DOE are a R and b S. Since t mn can be freely given to all the cells RS, the angular resolution U 2 , V 2 can be set to U 2 ⁇ E / a R, V 2 ; L / b S.
- DOE has no unit pattern T and all cells C are free parameters. Since it becomes a free parameter, the direction of the branch beam is liberalized. This is convenient because it can be set freely, but the regularity of the cell is lost and the conventional concept of diffraction order is lost.
- the present invention can be defined such that the DOE has no unit pattern that repeats the same pattern. Therefore, D ⁇ E of the present invention may be defined as DOE lacking the unity pattern. However, it has the disadvantage of being a passive definition and prone to doubt.
- the DOE of the present invention has no unit pattern and does not use FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) to integrate the contribution of each pixel and calculate the arbitrary branch angle o; and the complex amplitude W (a, ⁇ ) of jS. Ask. It takes time but can increase resolution.
- the unit pattern the angular resolution was L / ⁇ ; however, in the present invention, since there is no unit pattern, a small angular resolution can be obtained.
- the diffraction image of the unity pattern is a lattice regularly and vertically arranged, and other irregular patterns cannot be generated.
- any diffraction image can be obtained because a D ⁇ without a unit pattern is designed and manufactured.
- the spot of the diffracted beam may be at a non-lattice point.
- the number of diffracted beams is finite, ⁇ , which means that they are discrete but not at grid points.
- the method of actually calculating the Fourier transform for all cells without the unity pattern as in the method of the present invention is time-consuming, but if ⁇ t mn ⁇ is appropriately selected, the diffraction beam can be shifted to a non-grid point. it can be brought to, resolution U 2 rather; it can also be so called LZA R, V 2 rather l / b S.
- the present invention uses all cells of D ⁇ E as free parameters without using a unit pattern, it is possible to obtain an arbitrary number of branch beams in an arbitrary arrangement that is not regularly arranged in a lattice. '
- ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to irradiate a laser beam to an arbitrary position at a high accuracy with a multipoint. Free and high-precision spot placement required for electronic components can be realized. It has a great effect on speeding up laser processing and cost reduction.
- the conventional diffractive optical component is a unit pattern T of a fixed pattern repeatedly arranged in parallel in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the direction of the diffracted light is discrete and emerges only in a predetermined direction.
- the effect of DOE is a Fourier transform, but since it is known that beams are emitted only in certain directions, it was sufficient to calculate the diffraction intensity only in those directions.
- the intensity distribution of the diffracted light of D ⁇ E could be calculated in a short time by the fast Fourier transform, and the design was easy.
- the grating pitch is a value obtained by dividing the wavelength by the side length ⁇ of the unit pattern; 1 / ⁇ , which is a considerably large value. To make it smaller, you have to make the unit pattern larger, but that has its limitations. Also, it is not possible to make a pattern that is not regularly arranged in a grid pattern, or a pattern that deviates from the grid pattern.
- the entire D ⁇ is not formed by repeating the unit pattern, but the degree of freedom is given to the cells themselves by going back to the individual cells. Assuming that the number of vertical and horizontal cut patterns is GH, the number of parameters (degrees of freedom) increases GH times compared to the conventional one. Go. In addition, the direction of the diffracted light is not predetermined, such as on a lattice point. [0 1 00]
- the number of points at which the intensity of the diffracted light should be calculated also increases dramatically. That is a disadvantage.
- the calculation method of the fast Fourier transform cannot be applied. This is also a burden.
- the diffraction intensity at the required points must be calculated one by one.
- any pattern that is not regular can be created by diffraction. That is, a diffraction pattern of an arbitrary shape can be obtained.
- the resolution can be made finer.
- the range of applications for diffractive optical components is expanding. At the same time, it has an excellent effect of increasing the utility value of diffractive optical components.
- the present invention it is possible to irradiate a laser beam to an arbitrary position at a multi-point with high positional accuracy. Free and accurate spot placement required for electronic components can be realized. It has a great effect on speeding up laser processing and cost reduction.
- DBS Direct Binary Search
- an evaluation function for determining the characteristics of DOE is used.
- the value of the evaluation function by changing the cell phase (transmission amplitude ratio)
- the phase of all cells ie, the pattern of DOE, is optimized so that the evaluation function is minimized.
- I the target value of the diffraction efficiency
- I— (overlined I) is the average value of I (a, jS)
- W and W 2 are the weighting factors of each term.
- the evaluation function E is minimized, the first term on the right-hand side works to increase the sum of K branching intensities, that is, diffraction efficiency, and the second term on the right-hand side works to improve the uniformity of the branching strength. This makes it possible to split the beam at a desired angle and design a DOE pattern with high diffraction efficiency and uniformity of splitting intensity.
- Equation (20) does not take into account the reduction of branch beams that appear as noise. For this reason, strong noise may be generated at an undesired branch angle.
- we want to calculate the noise using Eq. (16) but we cannot specify in advance the angle (hi, / 3) of the noise that does not know where it will appear. Also, repeating the calculation specifying a large number of angles increases the amount of calculation, resulting in a longer optimization calculation time. So it is practically difficult to implement.
- the FFT calculates the PXQ spectrum (distribution of the branch strength) including the noise by one calculation, and has an advantage that the noise can be evaluated using the calculated spectrum.
- FFT is used only for noise calculation. Therefore, noise calculation is performed at grid points as shown in Eq. (4).
- the discrete angle vector calculated by the FFT is defined as the intensity Irs . Since the intensity at an angle close to the angle of the split beam (hence ⁇ k ) may take a high value,
- the DOE of the present invention is a design that does not use an FFT, it includes the possibility that noise is included in the local region of the resolution U 3 or V 3 or less. There are the following two methods for detecting such noise.
- Equation (16) does not include information on the intensity distribution of the incident beam, but a design that includes the intensity distribution of the incident beam can also be used. In that case
- a mn is the complex amplitude distribution of the incident beam.
- the intensity conversion of the incident beam is a continuous quantity and should be written as a ( ⁇ , ⁇ ), but it is discretized according to t mn and is set as a mn .
- equation (16) is an angular spectrum, that is, a far-field image (Fraunhofer image)
- D ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ designed as described above is a Fourier type (Fraunhofer type) having an infinite focal length. ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ .
- C! is an integer of 2 or more.
- the design method of the Fresnel DOE is different from the method of the conventional example (2).
- the DOE of the method of the present invention (adding the Fourier transform pattern of the lens to the coefficient and integrating) is also a Fresnel type DOE.
- a laser processing apparatus using the above D ⁇ E and a plano-convex lens (focal length 127 mm, diameter 50.8 mm, manufactured by ZnSe) was fabricated.
- the spot diameter on the image plane was 171 ⁇ m ⁇ .
- Figure 3 shows the target spot arrangement.
- the horizontal axis is the angle and the vertical axis is the angle 0. It should be noted that it is not projected onto the object plane.
- 7 X 7 49 spots are arranged vertically and horizontally, but not on a straight line but on a curved line.
- Such a branched beam in which dots are arranged at non-grid points cannot be created by ordinary DOE, which is a repetition of the same unit pattern. It must be according to the invention.
- Figure 4 shows the spatial intensity distribution of the incident beam. It is a beam of a carbon dioxide gas laser, and here is a Gaussian beam.
- FIG. 5 shows a DOE pattern designed by the calculation method of the present invention. It seems that similar patterns are repeated, but they are not actually the same but are different. Are not uniform and are not the same square cut pattern.
- FIG. 6 shows the results obtained by branching the carbon dioxide laser beam by using the DOE of FIG. 5 designed and manufactured by the calculation of the present invention (calculation of all pixels) and examining the angular distribution.
- the screen size, including the margin, is 39.75 mrad.
- the interval between the grid points is about 5 mrad. This is difficult to understand because the exaggeration is not exaggerated, but when viewed in the vertical direction, it can be seen that they are arranged on a curve.
- the third and seventh spots from the top are playful to the right and the first and fifth are playful to the left. Therefore, it reproduces the fluctuating 7 X 7 in the fluctuating target pattern Figure 3. Spot strength varies little.
- the target pattern is again the 7 ⁇ 7 dot arrangement pattern with fluctuation shown in FIG.
- the difference between the embodiments can be better understood when the target patterns are arranged in the same arrangement.
- the size is different even though they are the same.
- Ru Rere as P 2 3 9. 3 7 0 0 8 mrad. That is, the grid spacing is set to 10 times that of the first embodiment.
- the pattern of D ⁇ E is as shown in FIG. It can be seen that a fine grid-like pattern is formed vertically and horizontally. The distribution of individual shades in the grid is not clear. This is completely different from the DOE of Example 1 in FIG. The DOE pattern naturally becomes finer because it produces a branched beam with a large diffraction angle.
- Fig. 7 looks like stitches of the same size are continuous like the surface of a fabric.
- a unit pattern having the same dimensions and the same shape is not assumed in advance, a pattern in which such a similar basic shape is repeated vertically and horizontally.
- sea urchin I can see the angle spectrum in FIG. 8, deviation ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2 with respect to the grating pitch P have P 2 basic in this embodiment than extremely small, pattern conventional Yuni' bets It looks like a repeating pattern. [0 1 4 3]
- DOEs that can achieve the desired spot arrangement as shown in Fig. 3 with the desired constraints do not have a single solution but are numerous.
- An appropriate function is selected from a myriad of solutions using an evaluation function.
- the selection of the evaluation function c is arbitrary, as described above, such as high diffraction efficiency, or close to a certain target value, and small variations in the power beam intensity. It is not necessarily the only solution in Fig. 7 because it is selected under certain conditions, and it is not the optimal solution.
- the target branch intensity distribution from D ⁇ E is a unique flow, but the path from the target branch intensity distribution (Fig. 3) to the DOE varies.
- a laser processing device using the above D ⁇ E and fsi ⁇ lenses (focal length 127 mm) was fabricated.
- the spot diameter of the image plane was set to 17 1 ⁇ m ⁇ .
- This fsin0 lens is a lens manufactured by the method described in the conventional example (2) of Japanese Patent No. 3346374, which is the inventor of the present invention already described.
- Example 1 The difference from Example 1 (Fraunhofer type) is that DOE is a Fresnel type and also serves as a lens.
- f 150 mm.
- the diffraction efficiency is 82.2%, the intensity variation (standard deviation) is 1.6%, and the maximum noise intensity is 3.6%.
- a laser processing device using the above DOE and a plano-convex lens (focal length 127 mm, diameter 50.8 mm, manufactured by ZnSe) was fabricated. Spot diameter on the image surface was 1 7 1 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ .
- FIG. 9 shows a pattern of a Fresnel type D D in Example 3 designed by the calculation method of the present invention.
- the concentric pattern looks dominant but comes from the lens components.
- the pattern is indefinite, but the size is quite large because the spread of the target diffraction image is small.
- the target pattern is again the 7 ⁇ 7 dot arrangement pattern with fluctuation shown in FIG.
- the value is 3708 mrad, and that Pa is 39.3708 mrad.
- Embodiment 4 is the same as that up to Embodiment 2 except that the lens is connected to DOE.
- the DOE pattern is completely different from that of FIG. 7 (Example 2).
- the difference is that the force is a pattern that combines the concentric pattern of the lens with the fine crossing pattern in Fig. 7. This is a recognizable result.
- a laser processing device using the above D ⁇ ⁇ and f s i ⁇ ⁇ lenses (focal length 127 mm) was fabricated.
- the spot diameter of the image plane was set to 17 1 ⁇ .
- This fsin0 lens is a lens manufactured by the method described in the prior art (2) Japanese Patent No. 3346374, which is the inventor of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 shows a pattern of the Fresnel DOE of Example 4 designed by the calculation method of the present invention.
- the fine concentric pattern appears to be dominant but comes from the lens components.
- the pattern is indefinite, but the size is quite small because the target diffraction image has a large spread. It is obtained by superimposing a concentric lens pattern on the fine cross stripe pattern shown in FIG. 7 of the second embodiment, and the result is easy to understand.
- the DOE is constructed by repeating the same cut pattern consisting of P XQ cells, and the degree of freedom is P XQ.In the diffraction image, only the PXQ angular lattice points are used. illustration of a conventional example of a diffraction optical component to indicate that only the intensity at the lattice points diffracted light exist can calculate the diffraction intensity distribution I P q at DOE or et angular grid points by FFT matter .
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a branch angle arrangement of 49 branch beams, which is used to branch and diffract a beam by the DOE in Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention.
- the spot is not on a regular grid point and is somewhat off of it. The gaps are exaggerated for clarity.
- the deviation ⁇ ⁇ 2 from the grid points is the minimum required resolution, which is much smaller than the spacing between grid points. In the conventional method, the resolution only needs to be the grid interval.However, the present invention forms spots at positions slightly deviated from the grid points, so a fine resolution is required.The present invention meets such severe requirements. I can respond.
- FIG. 5 is an intensity distribution diagram of a carbon dioxide laser incident beam used in Examples 1 to 4.
- the intensity distribution was Gaussian.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a DOE pattern designed according to Example 1 of the present invention to generate the diffraction pattern (? ⁇ . 93701 mrad) of FIG. 3.
- the thickness of the DOE is represented by black and white shading. It can be seen that the exact same pattern is not repeated and the concept of unity pattern no longer exists.
- FIG. 3 is a beam spot image of a diffraction image when a carbon dioxide laser beam is diffracted by the DOE designed in Example 1 to obtain the diffraction image of FIG.
- the dimension of one side of the diffraction image is 39.75 mrad. It can be seen that the same pattern as in Fig. 3, in which the spots are arranged on a curved curved grid rather than on the exact grid points, is reproduced. It can also be seen that the spot intensity is uniform and the power is uniform.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a DOE pattern designed according to Example 2 of the present invention to create a pattern. Objective Since the diffraction pattern is 10 times larger, the DOE pattern will be as small as 10 times. The thickness of D ⁇ E is expressed by black and white shading.
- the angular dimension of one side of the diffraction image is 33.1.25 mrad.
- Shaking spot as compared to FIG. 6 of Example 1 is small, it is the ⁇ have 5 2 in the objective diffraction image of FIG. 3? This is because the ratio to ⁇ ⁇ 2 is 1/1 ⁇ . It is satisfactory in that it reproduces the desired diffraction pattern.
- the reason why the size of the light spot is smaller than that in Fig. 6 is that the scale is about 10: 1.
- the thickness distribution of the DOE cell of the lens is shown by a light-dark pattern. There is no unit pattern. A concentric pattern seems to be superior to that. This is because the lenses are superimposed. When the lens is superimposed on the DOE, a concentric pattern is formed on the same principle as the Fresnel type lens, which makes the entire pattern concentric. The reason why the repetition pitch of the DOE pattern is rough is that the light spot interval (size) of the target diffraction image is narrow.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/532,044 US7440188B2 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-05 | Diffractive optical element |
| EP04708493.4A EP1591805B1 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-05 | Method of forming a diffractive optical element suitable for laser machining |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003-029244 | 2003-02-06 | ||
| JP2003029244A JP2004264347A (ja) | 2003-02-06 | 2003-02-06 | 回折型光学部品およびそれを用いたレーザ加工装置 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004077115A1 true WO2004077115A1 (ja) | 2004-09-10 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2004/001230 Ceased WO2004077115A1 (ja) | 2003-02-06 | 2004-02-05 | 回折型光学部品およびそれを用いたレーザ加工装置 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7440188B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1591805B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2004264347A (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100942872B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN100437157C (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW200508666A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004077115A1 (ja) |
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| US7628100B2 (en) * | 2007-01-05 | 2009-12-08 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Cutting tool using one or more machined tool tips with diffractive features in a continuous or interrupted cut fast tool servo |
| DE202008000723U1 (de) * | 2008-01-17 | 2009-05-28 | Leister Process Technologies | Laseranordnung mit elektronischem Maskierungssystem |
| US8508843B2 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2013-08-13 | Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. | Laser systems with doped fiber components |
| JP5849954B2 (ja) | 2010-08-06 | 2016-02-03 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 回折光学素子及び計測装置 |
| JP5834602B2 (ja) * | 2010-08-10 | 2015-12-24 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 回折光学素子及び計測装置 |
| DE112011103110B4 (de) * | 2010-09-17 | 2016-12-01 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Gaslaservorrichtung |
| EP2478990B1 (de) * | 2011-01-21 | 2019-04-17 | Leister Technologies AG | Verfahren zum Einstellen eines Laserlichtspots zur Laserbearbeitung von Werkstücken sowie Laseranordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
| US9052512B2 (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2015-06-09 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Diffractive optical element and measuring apparatus |
| JP6069847B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-28 | 2017-02-01 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 回折光学素子及び計測装置 |
| DE102013101147A1 (de) | 2013-02-05 | 2014-08-21 | Limo Patentverwaltung Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zur Strahltransformation und Teilung eines Laserstrahls |
| KR101830364B1 (ko) * | 2016-03-18 | 2018-02-20 | 주식회사 레티널 | 심도 조절 기능을 구비한 증강 현실 구현 장치 |
| KR101785056B1 (ko) * | 2016-07-08 | 2017-11-06 | 주식회사 일루코 | 피부 확대경 |
| CN106094086B (zh) * | 2016-08-02 | 2019-10-29 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | 一种透射光栅 |
| FR3057064B1 (fr) * | 2016-09-30 | 2021-04-23 | Phasics | Procede et dispositif d'analyse d'une onde electromagnetique en haute definition |
| CN110352376A (zh) * | 2016-12-15 | 2019-10-18 | 株式会社Ntt都科摩 | 应用傅立叶光学方法消除衍射光学元件的鬼影现象 |
| KR102031218B1 (ko) * | 2017-04-19 | 2019-10-11 | 주식회사 제이티에스인더스트리 | 주문 제작 기반의 빔질 향상용 디오이 렌즈 제조 방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 빔질 향상용 디오이 렌즈 |
| US10508971B2 (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2019-12-17 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Optical test system and method for determining size of gap between two substrates of optical element |
| US11460666B2 (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2022-10-04 | Sony Corporation | Imaging apparatus and method, and image processing apparatus and method |
| JP6788622B2 (ja) * | 2018-01-31 | 2020-11-25 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 回折素子の設計方法 |
| FI128837B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2021-01-15 | Dispelix Oy | Outlet pupil dilator |
| JP2019203960A (ja) * | 2018-05-22 | 2019-11-28 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 回折素子 |
| US11086058B2 (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2021-08-10 | Beijing Voyager Technology Co., Ltd | Transmitter having a light modulator for light detection and ranging (LIDAR) |
| DE202019101652U1 (de) | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-16 | 4Jet Microtech Gmbh | Laserbearbeitungsvorrichtung zum Erzeugen einer Vielzahl von Furchen |
| CN110717901B (zh) * | 2019-09-27 | 2023-05-26 | 深圳市安思疆科技有限公司 | 一种基于光标的软件场景doe性能评估方法 |
| CN111650681B (zh) * | 2020-06-24 | 2025-09-09 | 欧菲微电子(南昌)有限公司 | 衍射光学元件、tof深度传感器、光学系统及装置 |
| CN111736336B (zh) * | 2020-07-03 | 2021-08-03 | 杭州驭光光电科技有限公司 | 衍射光学元件的周期优化方法 |
| CN113466981A (zh) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-10-01 | 江西欧迈斯微电子有限公司 | 衍射光学元件、投射模组及电子设备 |
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- 2004-02-05 US US10/532,044 patent/US7440188B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-05 CN CNB2004800014070A patent/CN100437157C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-05 EP EP04708493.4A patent/EP1591805B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-05 KR KR1020057010366A patent/KR100942872B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-06 TW TW093102780A patent/TW200508666A/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7440188B2 (en) | 2008-10-21 |
| KR100942872B1 (ko) | 2010-02-17 |
| US20060013277A1 (en) | 2006-01-19 |
| KR20050089032A (ko) | 2005-09-07 |
| EP1591805B1 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
| JP2004264347A (ja) | 2004-09-24 |
| CN100437157C (zh) | 2008-11-26 |
| EP1591805A4 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
| CN1705898A (zh) | 2005-12-07 |
| EP1591805A1 (en) | 2005-11-02 |
| TWI317026B (ja) | 2009-11-11 |
| TW200508666A (en) | 2005-03-01 |
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