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WO2004050939A3 - Plasma-assisted melting - Google Patents

Plasma-assisted melting Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004050939A3
WO2004050939A3 PCT/US2003/038459 US0338459W WO2004050939A3 WO 2004050939 A3 WO2004050939 A3 WO 2004050939A3 US 0338459 W US0338459 W US 0338459W WO 2004050939 A3 WO2004050939 A3 WO 2004050939A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plasma
melting
cavity
assisted
solid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2003/038459
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2004050939A2 (en
Inventor
Satyendra Kumar
Devendra Kumar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dana Inc
Original Assignee
Dana Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/US2003/014133 external-priority patent/WO2003096747A2/en
Priority claimed from US10/449,600 external-priority patent/US7189940B2/en
Application filed by Dana Inc filed Critical Dana Inc
Priority to EP03812501A priority Critical patent/EP1579023A4/en
Priority to AU2003297636A priority patent/AU2003297636A1/en
Publication of WO2004050939A2 publication Critical patent/WO2004050939A2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Publication of WO2004050939A3 publication Critical patent/WO2004050939A3/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
    • C22B4/08—Apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/12—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in electric furnaces
    • C21B13/125—By using plasma
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/5205—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in a plasma heated furnace
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
    • C22B4/005—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys using plasma jets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • C22B9/22—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation
    • C22B9/226—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation by electric discharge, e.g. plasma
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/06—Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum within heating chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
    • H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
    • H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
    • H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
    • H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
    • H01J37/32192—Microwave generated discharge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
    • H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
    • H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
    • H01J37/32366—Localised processing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/6402—Aspects relating to the microwave cavity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/78—Arrangements for continuous movement of material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/78—Arrangements for continuous movement of material
    • H05B6/784—Arrangements for continuous movement of material wherein the material is moved using a tubular transport line, e.g. screw transport systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/46—Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/46—Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
    • H05H1/461—Microwave discharges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/46—Generating plasma using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy
    • H05H1/461—Microwave discharges
    • H05H1/4622—Microwave discharges using waveguides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • F27D2099/0026—Electric heating elements or system with a generator of electromagnetic radiations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
    • H01J2237/02—Details
    • H01J2237/0203—Protection arrangements
    • H01J2237/0206—Extinguishing, preventing or controlling unwanted discharges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
    • H01J2237/32—Processing objects by plasma generation
    • H01J2237/33—Processing objects by plasma generation characterised by the type of processing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
    • H01J2237/32—Processing objects by plasma generation
    • H01J2237/33—Processing objects by plasma generation characterised by the type of processing
    • H01J2237/336—Changing physical properties of treated surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
    • H01J2237/32—Processing objects by plasma generation
    • H01J2237/33—Processing objects by plasma generation characterised by the type of processing
    • H01J2237/338—Changing chemical properties of treated surfaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S588/00—Hazardous or toxic waste destruction or containment
    • Y10S588/90—Apparatus

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

Apparatus and methods for plasma-assisted melting are provided. In one embodiment, a plasma-assisted melting method can include: (1) adding a solid to a melting region (505), (2) forming a plasma in a cavity (510) by subjecting a gas to electromagnetic radiation having a frequency less than about 333 GHz in the presence of a plasma catalyst, wherein the cavity has a wall (525), (3) sustaining the plasma in the cavity (510) such that energy from the plasma passes through the wall (525) into the melting region (505) and melts the solid into a liquid (530), and (4) collecting the liquid. Solids that can be melted consistent with this invention can include metals, such as metal ore and scrap metal. Various plasma catalysts are also provided.
PCT/US2003/038459 2002-12-04 2003-12-04 Plasma-assisted melting Ceased WO2004050939A2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03812501A EP1579023A4 (en) 2002-12-04 2003-12-04 Plasma-assisted melting
AU2003297636A AU2003297636A1 (en) 2002-12-04 2003-12-04 Plasma-assisted melting

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US43067702P 2002-12-04 2002-12-04
US60/430,677 2002-12-04
US43527802P 2002-12-23 2002-12-23
US60/435,278 2002-12-23
USPCT/US03/14133 2003-05-07
PCT/US2003/014133 WO2003096747A2 (en) 2002-05-08 2003-05-07 Plasma heating apparatus and methods
US10/449,600 US7189940B2 (en) 2002-12-04 2003-06-02 Plasma-assisted melting
US10/449,600 2003-06-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004050939A2 WO2004050939A2 (en) 2004-06-17
WO2004050939A3 true WO2004050939A3 (en) 2005-09-22

Family

ID=32475409

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2003/038459 Ceased WO2004050939A2 (en) 2002-12-04 2003-12-04 Plasma-assisted melting

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1579023A4 (en)
AU (1) AU2003297636A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004050939A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7494904B2 (en) 2002-05-08 2009-02-24 Btu International, Inc. Plasma-assisted doping
US7638727B2 (en) 2002-05-08 2009-12-29 Btu International Inc. Plasma-assisted heat treatment
US7445817B2 (en) 2002-05-08 2008-11-04 Btu International Inc. Plasma-assisted formation of carbon structures
US7465362B2 (en) 2002-05-08 2008-12-16 Btu International, Inc. Plasma-assisted nitrogen surface-treatment
US7432470B2 (en) 2002-05-08 2008-10-07 Btu International, Inc. Surface cleaning and sterilization
US7560657B2 (en) 2002-05-08 2009-07-14 Btu International Inc. Plasma-assisted processing in a manufacturing line
US7497922B2 (en) 2002-05-08 2009-03-03 Btu International, Inc. Plasma-assisted gas production
KR101015744B1 (en) 2002-05-08 2011-02-22 비티유 인터내셔날, 인코포레이티드 Plasma catalyst
US7498066B2 (en) 2002-05-08 2009-03-03 Btu International Inc. Plasma-assisted enhanced coating
US7189940B2 (en) 2002-12-04 2007-03-13 Btu International Inc. Plasma-assisted melting

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5222448A (en) * 1992-04-13 1993-06-29 Columbia Ventures Corporation Plasma torch furnace processing of spent potliner from aluminum smelters
US5276297A (en) * 1990-09-18 1994-01-04 Naraseiki Kabushiki Kaisha Melting disposal apparatus for injection needles
US5973289A (en) * 1995-06-07 1999-10-26 Physical Sciences, Inc. Microwave-driven plasma spraying apparatus and method for spraying
US6362449B1 (en) * 1998-08-12 2002-03-26 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Very high power microwave-induced plasma

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3264508A (en) * 1962-06-27 1966-08-02 Lai William Plasma torch
JP2002518280A (en) * 1998-06-19 2002-06-25 ザ・リサーチ・ファウンデーション・オブ・ステイト・ユニバーシティ・オブ・ニューヨーク Aligned free-standing carbon nanotubes and their synthesis

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5276297A (en) * 1990-09-18 1994-01-04 Naraseiki Kabushiki Kaisha Melting disposal apparatus for injection needles
US5222448A (en) * 1992-04-13 1993-06-29 Columbia Ventures Corporation Plasma torch furnace processing of spent potliner from aluminum smelters
US5973289A (en) * 1995-06-07 1999-10-26 Physical Sciences, Inc. Microwave-driven plasma spraying apparatus and method for spraying
US6362449B1 (en) * 1998-08-12 2002-03-26 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Very high power microwave-induced plasma

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP1579023A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1579023A4 (en) 2009-07-22
AU2003297636A1 (en) 2004-06-23
AU2003297636A8 (en) 2004-06-23
EP1579023A2 (en) 2005-09-28
WO2004050939A2 (en) 2004-06-17

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