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WO2004050278A1 - Method for producing a metallic cast part - Google Patents

Method for producing a metallic cast part Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004050278A1
WO2004050278A1 PCT/EP2003/011750 EP0311750W WO2004050278A1 WO 2004050278 A1 WO2004050278 A1 WO 2004050278A1 EP 0311750 W EP0311750 W EP 0311750W WO 2004050278 A1 WO2004050278 A1 WO 2004050278A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
molten metal
casting
solid
heat transfer
solidified
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2003/011750
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ralf Gerke-Cantow
Ulrich Steinrücken
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TITAN ALUMINIUM FEINGUSS GmbH
Original Assignee
TITAN ALUMINIUM FEINGUSS GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TITAN ALUMINIUM FEINGUSS GmbH filed Critical TITAN ALUMINIUM FEINGUSS GmbH
Priority to EP03769442A priority Critical patent/EP1569768A1/en
Priority to AU2003278130A priority patent/AU2003278130A1/en
Publication of WO2004050278A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004050278A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a metallic casting according to the investment casting process, in particular a casting made of aluminum or an aluminum-containing alloy, by introducing a molten metal into a casting mold, in particular made of ceramic.
  • the problem of the present invention is therefore to at least reduce or avoid this disadvantage.
  • This problem is solved according to the invention by a method according to claim 1 and by a metallic casting according to claim 8.
  • a molten metal in particular a casting made of aluminum or of an aluminum-containing alloy
  • a casting mold in particular made of ceramic
  • the casting mold is poured onto a corresponding one before pouring the molten metal Brought temperature below the solidus temperature
  • the mold is cast before pouring the Brought molten metal to a temperature which is higher than the solidus temperature of the molten metal, cooling after introduction to a corresponding temperature below the solidus temperature) brought the mold after introduction to a temperature below the solidus temperature of the molten metal that during the phase change liquid-solid, a crack-causing expansion or shrinkage of already solidified areas of the metal melt does not occur.
  • the solidus temperature for the aluminum alloy A201 is 535 ° C.
  • the method according to the invention is used in particular in the production of investment castings, in particular in the production of aluminum or aluminum-containing alloys.
  • the molten metal is cooled in time in such a way that the rate of expansion of the solidified molten metal during cooling is below the critical rate at which cracks develop, in order to exclude a possible potential for the development of the undesirable hot cracks in advance.
  • the solidified metal melt is cooled in time in such a way that, during a phase change, solid-solid expansion or shrinkage of regions of the solidified metal melt does not occur in order to prevent undesirable stress cracks.
  • the cooling is controlled by means of a heat transfer medium.
  • a heat transfer medium from the group of heat transfer oils, molten metal, molten salt, or a solid in granular form, powder form or the like, which is fluidized by means of a gaseous medium, or else a gas. This is due to the thermophysical properties of the heat transfer media mentioned, which can ensure relatively high cooling rates with a low temperature gradient.
  • a metallic casting produced by the method according to the invention has virtually no hot cracks, which, depending on the alloy composition, can lead to excellent mechanical properties.
  • the cast part can be cooled, for example by air or water.
  • a filigree component geometry was used in the alloy A201: Cu4-5; Mn 0.2-0.4; Mg 0.15-0.35; Ti 0.15-0.35 balance AI (data in percent by weight) (solidus temperature 535 ° C) poured.
  • a casting was cast in a standard investment casting with a casting temperature of 730 ° C and a mold temperature of 750 ° C. Another casting was also cast at 730 ° C. However, the mold was only preheated to 700 ° C. After casting the mold was cooled to 400 ° C in an electrically heated cooling system. The casting, which cooled in the cooling system, was free of hot cracks. By targeted cooling, an expansion rate below the critical expansion rate for crack formation can be set. Stress cracks due to structural changes associated with volume changes can thus also be avoided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a metallic cast part according to a precision casting method, in particular a cast part consisting of aluminium or of an alloy containing aluminium, by pouring molten metal into a casting die, in particular a ceramic die. According to said method, prior to or after the pouring process the temperature of the casting die has been reduced or is reduced respectively to a temperature below that of the solidus point of the molten metal, in such a way that during the phase change from liquid to solid and/or solid-solid an expansion or contraction that causes the cracking of already solidified areas of the molten metal is prevented.

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Gußteiles Process for the production of a metallic casting

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Gußteiles nach dem Feingußverfahren, insbesondere eines Gußteiles aus Aluminium oder aus einer aluminiumhaltigen Legierung, mittels Einbrin- gen einer Metallschmelze in eine Gießform, insbesondere aus Keramik.The invention relates to a method for producing a metallic casting according to the investment casting process, in particular a casting made of aluminum or an aluminum-containing alloy, by introducing a molten metal into a casting mold, in particular made of ceramic.

Bei der Herstellung von metallischen Gußteilen, insbesondere aus hochfesten Legierungen, entstehen häufig beim Abkühlen Risse, die sogenannten Warmrisse, die sich in den mechanischen Eigenschaften sehr negativ bemerkbar und oftmals die Gußteile unbrauchbar machen.In the production of metallic castings, in particular from high-strength alloys, cracks, the so-called warm cracks, often occur during cooling, which have a very negative effect on the mechanical properties and often make the castings unusable.

Problem der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, diesen Nachteil zumindest zu vermindern bzw. zu vermeiden. Dieses Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 sowie durch ein metallisches Gußteil nach Anspruch 8 gelöst .The problem of the present invention is therefore to at least reduce or avoid this disadvantage. This problem is solved according to the invention by a method according to claim 1 and by a metallic casting according to claim 8.

Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Gußteiles nach dem Feingußverfahren, insbesondere eines Gußteiles aus Aluminium oder aus einer aluminiumhaltigen Legierung, mittels Einbringen einer Metallschmelze in eine Gießform, insbesondere aus Keramik, ist (in diesem Fall wird die Gießform vor Eingießen der Metallschmelze auf eine entsprechende Tempe- ratur unterhalb der Solidus-Temperatur gebracht) oder wird (in diesem Fall wird die Gußform vor Eingießen der Metallschmelze auf eine Temperatur gebracht, die höher als die Solidus-Temperatur der Metallschmelze ist, wobei nach Einbringen auf eine entsprechende Temperatur unterhalb der Solidus-Temperatur abgekühlt wird) die Gießform nach Einbringen derart auf eine Temperatur unterhalb der Solidus-Temperatur der Metallschmelze gebracht, daß während der Phasenumwandlung flüssig-fest eine rißverursachende Ausdehnung oder Schwindung bereits erstarrter Bereiche der Metallschmelze unter- bleibt.In the method according to the invention for producing a metallic casting according to the investment casting process, in particular a casting made of aluminum or of an aluminum-containing alloy, by introducing a molten metal into a casting mold, in particular made of ceramic, (in this case, the casting mold is poured onto a corresponding one before pouring the molten metal Brought temperature below the solidus temperature) or is (in this case, the mold is cast before pouring the Brought molten metal to a temperature which is higher than the solidus temperature of the molten metal, cooling after introduction to a corresponding temperature below the solidus temperature) brought the mold after introduction to a temperature below the solidus temperature of the molten metal that during the phase change liquid-solid, a crack-causing expansion or shrinkage of already solidified areas of the metal melt does not occur.

Aufgrund dieser speziellen Verfahrensführung findet kein Spannungsaufbau statt, der häufig zu den oben erwähnten unerwünschten Warmrissen führt, so daß nach vollständiger Phasenumwandlung (flüssig-fest) das Guß- teil auf Raumtemperatur abgekühlt werden kann.Because of this special procedure, there is no build-up of tension, which frequently leads to the undesirable hot cracks mentioned above, so that the casting can be cooled to room temperature after a complete phase change (liquid-solid).

Beispielsweise beträgt für die Aluminiumlegierung A201 die Solidus-Temperatur 535°C. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird insbesondere bei der Herstellung von Feingußteilen, insbesondere bei der Herstellung von Aluminium bzw. aluminiumhaltigen Legierungen verwendet.For example, the solidus temperature for the aluminum alloy A201 is 535 ° C. The method according to the invention is used in particular in the production of investment castings, in particular in the production of aluminum or aluminum-containing alloys.

Zunächst ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Metallschmelze zeitlich derart abgekühlt wird, daß die Dehnungsgeschwindigkeit der erstarrten Metallschmelze beim Abkühlen unterhalb der kritischen Rißentstehungsdeh- nungsgeschwindigkeit liegt, um im Vorfeld ein mögliches Potential zur Entstehung der unerwünschten Warmrisse auszuschließen .First of all, it is advantageous if the molten metal is cooled in time in such a way that the rate of expansion of the solidified molten metal during cooling is below the critical rate at which cracks develop, in order to exclude a possible potential for the development of the undesirable hot cracks in advance.

Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die erstarrte Metallschmelze zeitlich derart abgekühlt wird, daß wäh- rend einer Phasenumwandlung fest-fest eine rißverursachende Ausdehnung oder Schwindung von Bereichen der erstarrten Metallschmelze unterbleibt, um unerwünschte Spannungsrisse zu verhindern.It is also advantageous if the solidified metal melt is cooled in time in such a way that, during a phase change, solid-solid expansion or shrinkage of regions of the solidified metal melt does not occur in order to prevent undesirable stress cracks.

In der Praxis hat es sich als vorteilhaft heraus- gestellt, wenn die Abkühlung mittels eines Wärmeträgermediums kontrollierend gesteuert wird. Dabei kann es sich vorteilhafterweise um ein Wärmeträgermedium aus der Gruppe Wärmeträgeröle, Metallschmelze, Salzschmelze oder um einen mittels eines gasförmigen Mediums flui- disierten Feststoff in Granulatform, Puderform oder dergleichen oder aber um ein Gas handeln. Begründet ist dies in den thermophysikalischen Eigenschaften der erwähnten Wärmeträgermedien, die relativ hohe Abkühlgeschwindigkeiten bei niedrigem Temperaturgradienten gewährleisten können.In practice, it has proven to be advantageous provided if the cooling is controlled by means of a heat transfer medium. This can advantageously be a heat transfer medium from the group of heat transfer oils, molten metal, molten salt, or a solid in granular form, powder form or the like, which is fluidized by means of a gaseous medium, or else a gas. This is due to the thermophysical properties of the heat transfer media mentioned, which can ensure relatively high cooling rates with a low temperature gradient.

Ein nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestelltes metallisches Gußteil weist quasi keine Warmrisse auf, was in Abhängigkeit der Legierungszusammen- Setzung zu exzellenten mechanischen Eigenschaften führen kann.A metallic casting produced by the method according to the invention has virtually no hot cracks, which, depending on the alloy composition, can lead to excellent mechanical properties.

Die Erfindung wird anhand des nachfolgenden Aus- führungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the following exemplary embodiment.

Durch Begrenzung der Abkühlung nach der lokalen Erstarrung auf eine Temperatur unter Solidus wird die thermische Ausdehnung/Schwindung der bereits erstarrten Bereiche begrenzt und somit die Spannung im warmrißge- fährdeten Bereich derart reduziert, daß Warmrisse nicht auftreten. Nach vollständiger Erstarrung kann das Guß- teil durch beispielsweise Luft oder Wasser abgekühlt werden.By limiting the cooling after the local solidification to a temperature below solidus, the thermal expansion / shrinkage of the already solidified areas is limited and thus the stress in the hot crack prone area is reduced in such a way that hot cracks do not occur. After complete solidification, the cast part can be cooled, for example by air or water.

Eine filigrane Bauteilgeometrie wurde in der als warmrißanfällig geltenden Legierung A201: Cu4-5; Mn 0,2-0,4; Mg 0,15-0,35; Ti 0,15-0,35 Rest AI (Angaben in Gewichtsprozent) (Solidustemperatur 535°C) gegossen. Ein Gußteil wurde im Standardfeinguß mit 730°C Gießtemperatur und 750°C Formtemperatur gegossen. Ein weiteres Gußteil wurde mit ebenfalls 730°C gegossen. Die Form wurde jedoch nur auf 700°C vorgeheizt. Nach Abguß wurde die Form kontrolliert in einer elektrisch beheizten Abkühlanlage auf 400°C abgekühlt. Das Gußteil, welches in der Abkühlanlage abkühlte, war frei von Warmrissen. Durch gezielte Abkühlung kann eine Dehnungs- geschwindigkeit unterhalb der kritischen Dehnungsgeschwindigkeit für Rißentstehung eingestellt werden. Somit können auch Spannungsrisse aufgrund von Gefügeveränderungen, die mit Volumenveränderungen verbunden sind, vermieden werden.A filigree component geometry was used in the alloy A201: Cu4-5; Mn 0.2-0.4; Mg 0.15-0.35; Ti 0.15-0.35 balance AI (data in percent by weight) (solidus temperature 535 ° C) poured. A casting was cast in a standard investment casting with a casting temperature of 730 ° C and a mold temperature of 750 ° C. Another casting was also cast at 730 ° C. However, the mold was only preheated to 700 ° C. After casting the mold was cooled to 400 ° C in an electrically heated cooling system. The casting, which cooled in the cooling system, was free of hot cracks. By targeted cooling, an expansion rate below the critical expansion rate for crack formation can be set. Stress cracks due to structural changes associated with volume changes can thus also be avoided.

Der Prozeßablauf stellt sich wie folgt dar:The process flow is as follows:

vorhergehende konventionelle Prozeßschritte Vorheizen der Form - Gießenprevious conventional process steps preheating the mold - casting

Abkühlen auf T<Ts nach vollständiger Phasenumwandlung Abkühlung auf Raumtemperatur Cooling to T <Ts after complete phase transition, cooling to room temperature

Claims

Patentansprüche claims 1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Gußteiles nach dem Feingußverfahren, insbesondere eines Gußteiles aus Aluminium oder aus einer aluminiumhalti- gen Legierung, mittels Einbringen einer Metallschmelze in eine Gießform, insbesondere aus Keramik,1. Process for the production of a metallic casting according to the investment casting process, in particular a casting made of aluminum or of an aluminum-containing alloy, by introducing a molten metal into a casting mold, in particular of ceramic. dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized, daß die Gießform nach Einbringen der Schmelze derart auf eine Temperatur unterhalb der Solidus-Temperatur der Metallschmelze gebracht ist oder wird, daß während der Phasenumwandlung flüssig-fest eine rißverursachende Ausdehnung oder Schwindung bereits erstarrter Bereiche der Metallschmelze unterbleibt.that the casting mold after the introduction of the melt is brought to a temperature below the solidus temperature of the molten metal in such a way that during the phase change liquid-solid there is no crack-causing expansion or shrinkage of already solidified areas of the molten metal. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Metallschmelze zeitlich derart abgekühlt wird, daß die Dehnungsgeschwindigkeit der erstarrten Metallschmelze beim Abkühlen unterhalb der entsprechenden kritischen Rißentstehungsdehnungsgeschwindigkeit liegt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the molten metal is temporally cooled such that the rate of expansion of the solidified molten metal when cooling is below the corresponding critical rate of crack formation. 3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erstarrte Metallschmelze zeitlich derart abgekühlt wird, daß während einer Pha- senumwandlung fest-fest eine rißverursachende Ausdehnung oder Schwindung von Bereichen der erstarrten Me- tallschmelze unterbleibt.3. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the solidified metal melt is cooled in time such that a solid-solid expansion or shrinkage causing areas of the solidified metal during a phase change. tall melt is omitted. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abkühlung mittels eines Wärmeträger- mediums kontrollierend gesteuert wird.4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the cooling is controlled in a controlling manner by means of a heat transfer medium. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich beim Wärmeträgermedium um eines aus der Gruppe Wärmeträgeröle, Metallschmelze, Salzschmelze handelt.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the heat transfer medium is one of the group of heat transfer oils, molten metal, molten salt. 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich bei dem Wärmeträgermedium um einen mittels eines gasförmigen Mediums fluidisierten Feststoff in Granulatform, Puderform oder dergleichen handelt.6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that it is in the heat transfer medium is a fluidized by means of a gaseous medium solid in granular form, powder form or the like. 7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich bei dem Wärmeträgermedium um ein Gas handelt.7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that it is a gas in the heat transfer medium. 8. Metallisches Gußteil, hergestellt nach einem Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7. 8. Metallic casting, produced by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
PCT/EP2003/011750 2002-12-04 2003-10-23 Method for producing a metallic cast part Ceased WO2004050278A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03769442A EP1569768A1 (en) 2002-12-04 2003-10-23 Method for producing a metallic cast part
AU2003278130A AU2003278130A1 (en) 2002-12-04 2003-10-23 Method for producing a metallic cast part

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2002156837 DE10256837A1 (en) 2002-12-04 2002-12-04 Process for the production of a metallic casting
DE10256837.5 2002-12-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004050278A1 true WO2004050278A1 (en) 2004-06-17

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PCT/EP2003/011750 Ceased WO2004050278A1 (en) 2002-12-04 2003-10-23 Method for producing a metallic cast part

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EP (1) EP1569768A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003278130A1 (en)
DE (1) DE10256837A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004050278A1 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2646060A1 (en) * 1976-10-13 1978-04-20 Friedhelm Prof Dr Ing Kahn Foundry moulds and dies - contg. elements which heat the empty die and them provide cooling for directional solidification of a casting
JPS55147471A (en) * 1979-05-09 1980-11-17 Komatsu Ltd Cooling method of metal mold
EP0275177A2 (en) * 1987-01-12 1988-07-20 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Mold casting process and apparatus, and method for producing mechanical parts
JPH07185769A (en) * 1993-12-28 1995-07-25 Toyota Motor Corp Mold equipment
US6035924A (en) * 1998-07-13 2000-03-14 Pcc Airfoils, Inc. Method of casting a metal article

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CS190096B1 (en) * 1977-03-02 1979-05-31 Michal Kostura Device for regulation of the temperature of instruments,particularly the casting moulds
DE2802335A1 (en) * 1978-01-20 1979-12-13 Heinz Kienle Heating injection or pressure casting mould - using vapour circuit separated from cooling circuit operation with liquid esp. water
JP2504099B2 (en) * 1987-02-28 1996-06-05 日本電装株式会社 Die casting method and die casting apparatus
DE4216870C2 (en) * 1992-05-22 1994-08-11 Titan Aluminium Feingus Gmbh Process for the production of a metallic casting by the precision casting process
DE19825223C2 (en) * 1998-06-05 2000-11-30 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Mold and method for its manufacture

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2646060A1 (en) * 1976-10-13 1978-04-20 Friedhelm Prof Dr Ing Kahn Foundry moulds and dies - contg. elements which heat the empty die and them provide cooling for directional solidification of a casting
JPS55147471A (en) * 1979-05-09 1980-11-17 Komatsu Ltd Cooling method of metal mold
EP0275177A2 (en) * 1987-01-12 1988-07-20 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Mold casting process and apparatus, and method for producing mechanical parts
JPH07185769A (en) * 1993-12-28 1995-07-25 Toyota Motor Corp Mold equipment
US6035924A (en) * 1998-07-13 2000-03-14 Pcc Airfoils, Inc. Method of casting a metal article

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 005, no. 018 (M - 053) 3 February 1981 (1981-02-03) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1995, no. 10 30 November 1995 (1995-11-30) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10256837A1 (en) 2004-06-24
EP1569768A1 (en) 2005-09-07
AU2003278130A1 (en) 2004-06-23

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