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WO2004048192A1 - Cerf-volant de traction - Google Patents

Cerf-volant de traction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004048192A1
WO2004048192A1 PCT/CH2003/000775 CH0300775W WO2004048192A1 WO 2004048192 A1 WO2004048192 A1 WO 2004048192A1 CH 0300775 W CH0300775 W CH 0300775W WO 2004048192 A1 WO2004048192 A1 WO 2004048192A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
profile
hose
leading edge
towing kite
sail
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CH2003/000775
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christine BÄR
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU2003280277A priority Critical patent/AU2003280277A1/en
Publication of WO2004048192A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004048192A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C31/00—Aircraft intended to be sustained without power plant; Powered hang-glider-type aircraft; Microlight-type aircraft
    • B64C31/06—Kites

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a towing kite according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such towing kites are suitable for use in numerous sports. They are used on the water for pulling surfboards or boats, on land for pulling skis, snowboards, skateboards or buggis and on the ice with ice skates or ice gliders.
  • the user uses the wind-dependent traction of the towing kite to move around.
  • he controls and holds the towing kite with his hands via a handlebar, which is connected to the ends of the towing kite with flying lines between ten and sixty meters long.
  • These towing kites essentially consist of a load-bearing upper sail and a multi-inflatable stabilizing framework.
  • This stabilization frame has an inflatable inflow hose, which forms a leading edge.
  • This hose is firmly connected to several profile hoses lying transversely to it. At the top of the The aerodynamic profile can develop completely on the sail, and a hollow profile is created on the underside.
  • the inflow hose and the profile hoses consist of an outer shell made of low-stretch, heavy canvas with a weight of approx. 150 g / m2 and an inner, waterproof and gas-tight rubber hose, which can be inflated and deflated several times by a valve with a plug. This allows the towing kite to be folded up to a small, handy pack size when it is deflated.
  • the inflow hose When viewed from the front, the inflow hose has a semicircular cut, consisting of several individual parts, runs through all or part of the inflow edge length and tapers towards both ends of the kite.
  • the transverse profile hoses can consist of one or more individual parts, tapering towards the back and running the entire distance between their connection points with the leading edge, right up to the tear-off edge of the top sail. They have the same aerodynamic curvature on the upper side as the upper sail has in the wind-blown condition in order to be able to support it in its shape.
  • the distance and thus also the number of transverse profile hoses is determined by the dimensions of the almost rectangular sections of the top sail between the individual transverse profile hoses. If the distance between two air hoses is greater than around one and a half times the total profile length of the corresponding upper sail section, the upper sail is no longer sufficiently stabilized when the air is flowing. Hence it follows with a common relationship between total width and total length of the towing kite (also called “aspect ratio”), usually a minimum number of five to seven transverse air hoses.
  • the aspect ratio is preferably between the number of three and six, values above that result in slightly more lift performance, but the flight situation becomes significantly more unstable.
  • towing kites The propulsion of such towing kites results from their aerodynamic lift, but also from their air resistance. Powerful towing kites have a greater share of buoyancy than their air resistance.
  • the lift is based on the aerodynamic principle of a wing, with the wind flow acting on the wing profile flowing faster at the top than at the bottom, thus creating a negative pressure on the top. The higher this vacuum, the greater the lift of the kite.
  • the towing kite according to the invention consists of a stabilizing tubular frame and an upper sail with at least one flow opening.
  • a stabilizing tubular frame and an upper sail with at least one flow opening.
  • This through-flow opening in the top sail also enables improved lift-off from the ground, even if the towing kite lies on the entire tear-off edge, since the opening prevents air build-up that extends over the entire profile.
  • the distances and relative positions of the at least two leading edges to one another allow the flight characteristics of the towing kite to be varied within a relatively wide range.
  • the hose structure is designed to be significantly more resistant to deformation than in the case of conventional towing kites in which there are only hose structures that are open at right angles.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a towing kite according to the invention in a first embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a view of the towing kite according to Figure 1 in a viewing direction from the front-below;
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a schematic representation of a front part of the towing kite according to FIG. 1;
  • Figure 4 shows a cross section according to Figure 3 in a variant with bottom sail
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of a towing kite according to the invention in a second embodiment
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross section through a schematic representation of a front part of the towing kite according to FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 shows a cross section according to a third embodiment
  • Figure 8 is a view of a towing kite in a fourth embodiment in a viewing direction from the front and below
  • Figure 9 shows a cross section according to a fifth embodiment. Ways of Carrying Out the Invention
  • FIG. 1 to 3 show a first exemplary embodiment of the towing kite according to the invention.
  • the towing kite Like the known towing kites, it has a load-bearing upper sail 6, 7, 8 and an air-filled stabilization scaffold, in particular a horseshoe-shaped stabilization frame, bent in use.
  • the stabilization scaffold gives the kite its shape.
  • the upper sail 6, 7, 8 is fastened to this stabilizing frame and stretched over it. The fastening is as airtight as possible, so that no undesired air flow is obtained.
  • a lower sail 18 can also be present, as shown in FIG. 9.
  • the stabilization frame is formed from an air-filled, in particular inflatable, hose frame. It has a front inflatable inflow hose 1, which forms a front inflow edge, and inflatable profile hoses 4, 5 running transversely thereto. According to the invention, the hose frame also has at least one air-filled, preferably likewise inflatable, rear inflow hose 2, which is described in more detail below. This divides the tube frame into a front and a rear frame. The front frame is preferably shorter in the direction of flight than the rear frame.
  • the towing kite is preferably made of a suitable canvas, with the hose frame partially comprising airtight rubber hoses on the inside. At the ends 20 of the kite are suitable for steering the kite Attachment points 9 control lines 21 attached. There are at least two, here four control lines 21, the number of which can be selected according to the prior art, as in the case of kites.
  • the towing kite can additionally be provided with reinforcement elements 10, here in the form of cloth reinforcements introduced into the upper sail 6 at the intersection points of the front inflow hose 1 with the profile hoses 4, 5.
  • the towing kite in the upper sail 6, 7, 8 has at least one throughflow opening 3, which is arranged between the front and rear frames.
  • This flow opening 3 forms a channel for accelerating the air flow and thus uses the Venturi effect.
  • the hose frame has a rear inflow edge, which is formed by the rear inflow hose 2.
  • the upper sail itself is thus essentially divided into four parts, namely a front upper sail 6, a rear upper sail 7 and two lateral continuous upper sails 8, which connect the front and rear upper sails 6, 7 to one another and to which the control lines 21 are attached.
  • the throughflow opening 3 can, as shown in broken lines in FIG. 3, be provided with a fine and coarse-meshed connection network 13 which does not inhibit the air flow. It is also possible to provide the opening 3 with cords running in the direction of flight. These variants increase the shape and profile stability in the front frame and in the front upper sail 6.
  • profile tubes 4, 5 are arranged which run transversely to the rear leading edge.
  • continuous profile tubes 4 which preferably extend from the front profile tube 1 to the rear profile tube 2.
  • short profile hoses 5 which extend from the front inflow hose 1 to the front tear-off edge 17 or from the rear inflow hose 2 to the rear tear-off edge 17 '.
  • the first connection points between the rear inflow hose 2 with the continuous profile hoses 4 is provided with the reference number 11 in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • second connection points 12 which connect the profile hoses to the upper sail 6, 7, 8. At these points the upper sail 6, 7, 8 can also be sewn together from individual sections.
  • the towing kite is light and foldable.
  • Profile hoses 4, 5 can in turn be provided with reinforcing elements 10, for example in the form of cloth reinforcements.
  • the through-flow opening 3 is flowed through by an air flow, which is represented by a broad arrow.
  • the venturi effect is achieved by the channel of the opening narrowing upwards and backwards.
  • the aerodynamic aerofoil profile formed by the towing kite or the upper sail will receive an upper, fast air flow above the upper sail and a lower, slower one below the upper sail.
  • the negative pressure created above in this way generates the usable buoyancy. Since the profile air flow is now diverted between the front and rear inflow hose 1, 2, it is additionally accelerated and the drive power of the towing kite increases.
  • the towing kite according to the invention in its profile cross section, it has essentially the same dimensions as a single profile of a towing kite according to the prior art.
  • the overall profile of the towing kite according to the invention is subdivided into two or more sub-profiles which are arranged one behind the other and are coupled to one another.
  • the individual parts of the upper sail form a common curved plane.
  • the plane can also be of stepped construction, the Venturi effect remaining.
  • the throughflow opening is arranged as close as possible behind the highest point of the upper profile curvature, that is to say as far forward as possible.
  • the upper air flow is fastest there and can therefore be most efficiently post-accelerated by the additional air flowing through the flow opening according to the invention.
  • the channel for accelerating the air flow can be placed anywhere, since the principle of operation remains the same.
  • the positioning of the toggle direct Anströmschlauchs' 2, which forms the basis for the aerodynamic air duct of the fürstromungso réelle 3 can thus also vary, as is further explained below with reference to further embodiments.
  • the distance between the front and rear inflow hose 1, 2 can thus be selected.
  • the two inflow hoses 1, 2 can have the same radius 16.
  • the width 15 of the air duct should, however, be smaller than the distance between the front and rear inflow hose 1, 2 in order to achieve the Venturi effect.
  • the ideal effective opening size, ie the height 14, is between 5 and 10% of the total towing kite profile length measured in the direction of flight.
  • a partial area of the towing kite which is essentially horseshoe-shaped in use, is provided with the throughflow opening 3.
  • a continuous profile tube 4 is present in the central area of the opening.
  • the rear leading edge is also reinforced by an upper profile tube 4 '.
  • the short profile tubes 5 of the rear upper sail 7 are arranged offset from those of the front upper sail 6.
  • Profile tubes 4 are also present in the continuous top sails 8.
  • the rear profile hose 2 and thus the rear leading edge, due to the first fastening point 11 of the continuous profile hose 4 with the rear inflow hose 2, is somewhat lower than the front leading edge.
  • the throughflow opening 3 is longer and extends over a substantial part of the total length of the towing kite.
  • the through opening 3 can be selected
  • the entire kite can thus be divided into two and the continuous upper sails 8 can be dispensed with. It is also possible to a continuous flow opening to use a plurality of channels arranged next to one another or offset one behind the other, with a continuous opening arranged centrally in the direction transverse to the direction of flight being most efficient. It has also been shown that a continuous upper sail 8 at the ends of the kite facilitates the attachment and operation of the control lines.
  • the lateral upper sails 8 are relatively short and no longer necessarily have to be provided with profile tubes 4.
  • short profile hoses 5 can be arranged in the middle of the opening 3 and the opening can be bridged laterally by continuous profile hoses 4.
  • the short profile tubes 5 of the front and rear upper sails 6, 7 are arranged in a line to one another.
  • the rear inflow hose 2 is somewhat higher than the front one.
  • the continuous profile hoses 4 preferably affect the cross section of the rear inflow hose 2. At these points, this preferably has a smaller cross section or is completely divided into two or more chambers.
  • the arrangement and number of profile hoses can thus be selected.
  • the shape of their cross-section can also be selected. In order to disturb the aerodynamics in the through opening 3 as little as possible, as few continuous profile tubes 4 as possible should bridge the opening 3.
  • FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment, in which the rear leading edge is set lower, whereby
  • the double profile or the lead-through opening 3 likewise preferably ends shortly before the wing end of the kite.
  • the tensile force is also preferably supplied via continuous double sail 8, as shown in Figure 1.
  • FIG. 8 shows a fourth exemplary embodiment, in which it can be seen that continuous profile hoses 4 form rectangular, closed tube structures 19 due to their connection with the front and rear inlet hoses 1, 2.
  • the corresponding axes of one of the rectangles are labeled a and b in the figure.
  • This rectangular scaffold area 19 is also in the
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 5 has a single large continuous rectangular one stabilizing scaffold area 19.
  • This closed rectangular shape in the front central area of the towing kite increases the stability of the shape and profile when in flight.
  • the towing kite when it lies on the ground or on the water, largely retains its basic shape and can be easily lifted up into the air. Even if the towing kite lies on the rear tear-off edge, the kite can take off. This is achieved because the short front frame is flowed through efficiently and is not affected by the airflow build-up of the rear frame caused by the support.
  • the short profile hoses 5 ensure good stability of the respective frame parts, the respective inflow profile and the respective part of the upper sail connected to it.
  • all profile hoses are also designed as continuous profile hoses 4. However, in order to avoid turbulence, it is more advantageous that as few profile hoses 4 as possible bridge the opening 3.
  • the design of the tubular frame made it possible for the basic shape to be less curved, that is to say flatter, in the state of use.
  • the flying lines are preferably brought together a few meters below their attachment points 9 at a few points, which is what the jargon is is called a scale. This scale is in turn connected to the preferably four control lines 21.
  • a lower sail 18 is present. This can be arranged behind the front and / or the rear inflow hose 1, 2. It can extend more or less to the rear and can be connected at any point to an underside of the upper sail.
  • This lower sail 18 serves to improve the aerodynamic properties by partially smoothing out the turbulence in the lower profile flow and thus reducing the air resistance. It also increases the flow velocity in the throughflow opening 3.
  • the area of the continuous upper sail 8 can also be provided with such a lower sail 18.
  • One way to better stabilize the upper sail 6, 7, 8 is to use a stronger and therefore less unstable sailcloth for the lower sail 18 close to the throughflow opening 3 or the tear-off edges 17, 17 'instead of a light canvas.
  • This stronger canvas has a density of more than 50 g / m 2 .
  • This stronger lower sail 18 is stretched under the flow by the pull of the upper sail.
  • the number and positioning of the battens is arbitrary. If necessary, you can supplement or replace the transverse profile hoses. carried existing battens can either be straight and only adapt to the shape of the profile when the air is flowing. The curved shape can also be predetermined and thus stabilize the profile better.
  • the advantage of these battens is that they simplify the use of the towing kite, since fewer air hoses have to be inflated in each case.
  • the embodiments described above have two leading edges. However, it is also possible to make a second or more throughflow openings one behind the other in the upper sail and thereby to create more than two leading edges arranged one behind the other in the flight direction.
  • the towing kite according to the invention has increased lift and therefore better flight properties, in particular a stable flight position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning Of Streets, Tracks, Or Beaches (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un cerf-volant de traction présentant une armature constituée de boudins, de forme cintrée lors de l'utilisation dudit cerf-volant, et une voile supérieure (6, 7, 8) reliée à l'armature. Cette dernière présente un boudin avant (1), rempli d'air, constituant un bord d'attaque antérieur dans le sens de vol. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que la voile supérieure (6, 7, 8) est pourvue d'au moins une ouverture de passage (3) pour un courant d'air porteur, et en ce que l'armature présente au moins un boudin arrière (2) qui forme un bord d'attaque postérieur dans la région de l'ouverture de passage (3). Ce cerf-volant de traction se caractérise par une portance accrue et par conséquent par de meilleures caractéristiques de vol, notamment par une meilleure stabilité.
PCT/CH2003/000775 2002-11-26 2003-11-24 Cerf-volant de traction Ceased WO2004048192A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003280277A AU2003280277A1 (en) 2002-11-26 2003-11-24 Traction kite

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1998/02 2002-11-26
CH19982002 2002-11-26
CH725/03 2003-04-24
CH7252003 2003-04-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004048192A1 true WO2004048192A1 (fr) 2004-06-10

Family

ID=32394663

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CH2003/000775 Ceased WO2004048192A1 (fr) 2002-11-26 2003-11-24 Cerf-volant de traction

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Country Link
AU (1) AU2003280277A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004048192A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009071105A1 (fr) * 2007-12-04 2009-06-11 Skysails Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif aérodynamique à propulsion éolienne et son procédé de commande
DE102010032424A1 (de) 2010-07-27 2012-02-02 Steffen Born Schwimmfähiger und lenkbarer Zugdrachen mit Strömungskanal
ITTO20130987A1 (it) * 2013-12-04 2014-03-05 Kite Gen Res Srl Ala ad arco a profili alari differenziati.
WO2017036587A1 (fr) * 2015-08-28 2017-03-09 Istec Ag Profil pour parapente, cerf-volant dirigeable, kite ou voile

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2486158A (en) * 1948-05-05 1949-10-25 Haas Milford Pneumatic kite
US4191349A (en) * 1978-03-24 1980-03-04 Cabinet Lavoix Parachute having an improved multi-cell canopy
US4708078A (en) * 1984-11-16 1987-11-24 Legaignoux Dominique M Propulsive wing with inflatable armature
RU2040436C1 (ru) * 1993-03-10 1995-07-25 Валерий Михайлович Катков Планирующий парашют

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2486158A (en) * 1948-05-05 1949-10-25 Haas Milford Pneumatic kite
US4191349A (en) * 1978-03-24 1980-03-04 Cabinet Lavoix Parachute having an improved multi-cell canopy
US4708078A (en) * 1984-11-16 1987-11-24 Legaignoux Dominique M Propulsive wing with inflatable armature
RU2040436C1 (ru) * 1993-03-10 1995-07-25 Валерий Михайлович Катков Планирующий парашют

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009071105A1 (fr) * 2007-12-04 2009-06-11 Skysails Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif aérodynamique à propulsion éolienne et son procédé de commande
DE102010032424A1 (de) 2010-07-27 2012-02-02 Steffen Born Schwimmfähiger und lenkbarer Zugdrachen mit Strömungskanal
ITTO20130987A1 (it) * 2013-12-04 2014-03-05 Kite Gen Res Srl Ala ad arco a profili alari differenziati.
WO2015083189A1 (fr) * 2013-12-04 2015-06-11 Kite Gen Research S.R.L. Aile en forme d'arc, à profils d'aile divers
WO2017036587A1 (fr) * 2015-08-28 2017-03-09 Istec Ag Profil pour parapente, cerf-volant dirigeable, kite ou voile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003280277A1 (en) 2004-06-18

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