WO2004048070A1 - Moulding equipment for extruding full-degradation material - Google Patents

Abstract

A moulding equipment for extruding full-degradation material includes a twin-screw extruder and a die. Each screw of the extruder has a pugging block composed of staggered spindly screw units. The screw units on both screws are paired and their axes are perpendicular to each other. There is at least one exhaust section between the screws of the twin-screw extruder. Through an exhaust channel the exhaust section connects to an exhaust pipe of a barrel. There is an arced guide plate on the inside wall of the exhaust channel, a barrier being against it. The angle between runner of the die and the horizontal line is 50° - 60°. The equipment also includes a burnisher and a synchronistic temperature adjustment device for the barrel. The angle between the axes of the burnisher's rolls and the horizontal line is 125° - 135°. The advantages of the equipment are high extruding-out efficiency, high exhausting performance and high planishing precision. The equipment can be satisfied for producing the full-degradation material containing up to 70% starch.

Description

 FIELD OF THE INVENTION

 The present invention generally relates to sheet extrusion molding equipment, in particular to a plastic state substance of starch, amylose or amylopectin or a derivative or degradation product thereof, and a total degradation of a plastic state substance containing a polymer Material extrusion equipment. Background technique

 Existing plastics widely used in the packaging industry cannot degrade by themselves, and their wastes have seriously polluted the living environment of humans, animals and plants. The present applicant Chinese Patent Application No. 02130898.5 of the Applicant proposes a material prepared as starch base material, polypropylene, and polyvinyl plasticized intermediate material and ^. In the last step of the method, it is necessary to meter the required powder obtained in the previous step into a sheet extrusion molding device to prepare a sheet. The entire process is sequentially conveying kneading step, the shear plasticized, dehydration vent, pressure extrusion, trimming calender, cooling the traction and winding finished. However, for high viscosity, poor fluidity material (e.g., up to 70% starch content of the plastic state of the material), since the frictional force is too large, so the use of a conventional screw extruder sheet is difficult to be extruded molding, in particular for the preparation of biodegradable paper material imitation proposed by the applicant (refer to China Patent application No. 02130898.5) relating to the molecular structure of the modified starch from the group complexed with kneading and sheet extrusion with high yield in terms of required . Summary of the Invention

 The present invention is made in view of the above problems of the existing screw sheet extrusion molding machine, and the object thereof is to provide a material with high viscosity and poor fluidity, such as a plastic state shield with a high starch content. Out molding equipment.

 To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an extrusion molding apparatus of biodegradable material, said apparatus comprising a twin screw extruder and die head, wherein the twin-screw extruder has screws each The spindle-shaped screw units are staggered one by one to form an integrated kneading block, and the corresponding spindle-shaped screw units of the kneading blocks on the two screws are arranged in pairs and the long axes are perpendicular to each other.

 Preferably, the threaded spindle is provided by the six unit by 25 to 35 sheets shifted on each screw. Laminated integral kneading block six, six two-screw kneading blocks in the respective threaded spindle units arranged in pairs, and their long axes are perpendicular to each other.

At least one exhaust section is provided between the threads of the twin screw, and the exhaust section communicates with an exhaust pipe on a barrel outside the screw through an exhaust channel, wherein an inner wall of the exhaust channel An arc-shaped guide plate is provided thereon, and a baffle is provided on an inner wall of the exhaust passage opposite to the arc-shaped guide plate.

 Preferably, the arcuate screw arcuate curved guide plate coincide, and proximate the front end of the twin screw at the pitch gradually increases.

 The die head comprising: a head upper body; and a catchy mold which is fixed to the upper body of the fastener head; head lower body; and a lower die which is fixed to the lower body of the fastener head; vertical Die clearance adjusting screw; resistance block and its adjusting screw; and side blanking plate, wherein the material flow path and horizontal line in the inner cavity of the head of the head die are the screw axis of the twin screw extruder angle of 50 to 60. .

 The fully degradable material extrusion molding equipment further includes a calender, and the axis line of each roller of the calender is a straight line, and the axis line and a horizontal line, that is, the twin screw extruder It is the angle between the axis of the screw 1 2 5 ~ 1 3 5 °.

 Each roller of the calender is preferably a cooling roller with a jacket, and the calender is provided with a roller temperature adjustment device for controlling the temperature of each point on the surface of each roller to be consistent.

 In addition, the calender is also provided with a roller synchronization adjusting device for controlling the rotation speeds of the servo motors that respectively drive the rollers to be consistent.

 The die head is provided with a connection component connected to the barrel of the twin-screw extruder. The connection component includes a diverter plate and a quick-screen changing device, which is arranged in front of the diverter plate and is divided by The plate support presses it on the end face of the barrel stop, and is provided with a slide rail and a slide plate sliding on the slide plate. The slide plate is provided with an alternately used filter screen and a diverter plate channel, wherein the quick screen changing device The slide plate is linked with a cylinder piston controlled by a hydraulic system equipped with an accumulator capable of releasing a large amount of high-energy oil and having a hydraulic automatic control component, and a control circuit connected to the hydraulic system is provided in front of the filter. Material pressure sensor. .

 The connection assembly is also provided with a positive displacement pump. An electric heater is provided in the interlayer of the pump body of the pump, and inlet and outlet material pressure measurement detection devices are respectively provided at the inlet and outlet of the material. The outlet of the barrel is connected, and the outlet of the material is connected to the inlet of the static mixer in the connection assembly.

 In addition, the fully degradable material extrusion molding equipment of the present invention further includes a cooling component, a trimming component, and a tractor, wherein a winder can be provided at the output of the tractor.

Compared with the prior art extrusion molding machine, the present invention has the beneficial effects of its novel structure, compact combination, multi-function of one machine, and good feeding performance, short material residence time, uniform output, and extrusion The advantages of high efficiency, excellent exhaust performance, low energy consumption, and high calendering accuracy have met the requirements for the preparation of fully degradable materials with a starch content of more than 70%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Through the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, the foregoing objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become easier to understand. In the following drawings:

 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a fully degradable material extrusion molding device according to the present invention;

 FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a screw of the present invention;

 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a six-head kneading block of the screw of the present invention;

 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust device of the present invention;

 FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a rapid screen changing device according to the present invention;

 FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the positive displacement pump of the present invention. detailed description

 FIG. 1 shows the composition of a fully degradable material extrusion molding apparatus according to the present invention. 1, the apparatus comprising a charging device; an exhaust means 2; manufactured by extrusion system, transmission system, heating and cooling system, control system and a security system consisting of a twin screw extruder 3; with the barrel connection assembly connected to a coat-hanger die head 4, 5; 6 three-roll calender; cooling assembly arranged steel rolls 7; trimming of steel are provided on both sides of the cooling roll cutter assembly 7 is composed of assembly 8; 9 tractors and 10 by the winding machine face hard chrome plated steel roll and a rubber coated steel roller rubber roller surface layer thereof.

 Since the connection relationship between the components of the extrusion molding equipment according to the present invention is a well-known prior art, it will not be described in detail herein. Thus, for the following main twin-screw extruder 3, a specific configuration of the die head 5 and 6 of the calender explained in detail.

FIG. 2 shows the structure of the screw extruder 3 according to the present invention. FIG. 3 shows the structure of a six-head kneading block of the screw according to the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the twin-screw extruder 3 is a vented co-rotating full-mesh twin-screw extruder. The barrel is a combined barrel 11 which is integrally connected by the sub barrels of the corresponding functional section by screwing. A single screw is a combination screw 12 with a thread unit of three stages and a reduced pressure exhaust section between the screw units of each stage combined on the same shaft. The screw unit is composed of a screw group and a mixing block 13 in the form of an internal spline. The first functional section of the first-stage screw is the conveying and mixing section, which accounts for 20% of the total length of the screw. The second functional section is the shear plasticizing section, plus the first reduced-pressure exhaust section connected to it, which accounts for the entire screw. 23% of the length of the first section of the second order function is plasticizing screw section, 12% of the total length of the screw, a second functional segment is split section, plus a second vacuum exhaust section connected thereto, accounting 28% of the total length of the screw, the end of the order is only a function of the screw segment, is build pressure incrementing section, 17% of the total length of the screw. The outer diameter of the screw is 72 mm, the aspect ratio is 48, the rotation speed is 26-500 rpm, stepless adjustment, and the center distance of the twin screws is 60 mm. The single screw is provided with a six-piece spindle-shaped thread unit 14 staggered by 30 piece by piece. The six-headed kneading blocks 13 stacked in one body, and the corresponding spindle-shaped screw units 14 of the six-head kneading blocks 13 on the two screws are arranged in pairs, and their long axes are perpendicular to each other. This six-head mixing block 13 can fully meet the requirements of shear mixing for a plastic state shield with a high starch content of more than 70%. It should be noted that the offset angle of the six-piece spindle-shaped screw unit 14 of the six-head kneading block 13 may be between 25 and 35 °, and preferably 30. . Reduced pressure in the vent section is provided between the exhaust stage screw unit 2, the structure of which is a direct evacuation vent-type, as shown in FIG. The exhaust device 2 includes a vacuum pump (not shown), an exhaust pipe 19 connected to the vacuum pump, an exhaust port 21 opened above the barrel of the screw exhaust section, and an exhaust port 21 located above the exhaust port 21 and connected to the exhaust port. 21, an exhaust pipe 19 communicating to exhaust passage 15. In the present embodiment, is provided with two exhaust ports 21, the arcuate guide plate 18 is provided on the inner wall 21 above the exhaust passage 15 of the exhaust port, the exhaust passage is provided above the inner wall 16 corresponding to the arcuate guide plate 18 There are baffles 17. Arcuate curved guide plate 18, it is preferably consistent with the arc of the screw 12, and close the gap between its distal end 20 position of the screw 12 progressively increases. This exhaust system 2 has an arcuate guide plate 18 and the baffle 17 gauge achieved twice, when the exhaust gas, the discharge amount of the extruder the material can be reduced, making it less prone to blockage of the exhaust pipe 19, the exhaust passage 15 The phenomenon.

 Coat hanger die head assembly 5 is connected with the cylinder 4 is connected to the rest of the machine head, which fastener is fixed mold and the upper opening in the head of the upper body, lower body head, which is fixed to the lower die and in the lower body of the fastener head, the upper and lower die gap adjustment screw, and the screw adjusting block and its resistance to the striker side panels. Angle handpiece lumen mold runner stream i.e. the horizontal axis of the extruder screw 3 to 55. . It should be noted that this angle may in practice 50 to 60. Between, preferably 55 herein. . 5 coathanger die for extrusion lip extruded into a sheet conveyed exactly, two intermediate three roll calender 6. In addition, the opening degree of the die head mold 5 is equal to or slightly smaller than the thickness of the sheet, the intermediate die gap is small and large sides, the flow channel length of 20 to 30 times the sheet thickness.

 In the present embodiment, the connector assembly 4 is connected to the barrel, comprising a shunt plate 22, provided on the front divider plate 22 and includes a slide rail on which the slide 23 slides the slider 23 and is provided with two alternately usable filters The quick-screen changing device with 24 channels and the 22-channel manifold and the static mixer with a conical feed end and a discharge end connected to the hanger-type die 5 transition from a conical middle to a rectangle.

Fig. 5 shows the structure of the rapid screen changing device of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the slide plate 23 of the quick-screen changing device of this embodiment and the oil cylinder 26 controlled by a hydraulic system provided with an accumulator 25 capable of releasing a large amount of high-energy oil instantly and equipped with a hydraulic automatic control component The piston 27 is linked, and a material pressure sensor connected to the control circuit of the hydraulic system is provided in front of the filter screen 24. The hydraulic system drives the slide to slide, which can realize instant and uninterrupted rapid screen change. In FIG. 5, 28 is a motor, 29 is a gear pump, 30 is a check valve, 31 is an electric contact pressure gauge, 32 is an electromagnetic directional valve, 33 is another electromagnetic directional valve, 34 is an overflow valve, 35 is a manual ball valve, 36 is a fuel tank, 37 is a level gauge, 38 is an oil filter, and 39 is an oil suction filter. The electric motor 28 is turned on, and the gear pump 29 is filled with oil through the one-way valve 30 to the accumulator 25. When the pressure of the electric contact pressure gauge 31 indicates that the pressure reaches the set value, the system sends a power-off signal to the electric motor 28, and the gear pump 29 immediately Stop working, system pressure is maintained. Once the filter 24 is blocked, the pressure of the pressure sensor located in front of the filter 24 increases. When the pressure reaches the set value, the pressure signal is transmitted to the control circuit. The control circuit controls the accumulator 25 to release a large amount of power in an instant. High-energy oil, which drives the piston 27 in the oil cylinder 26 from the solenoid-operated directional valve 32 in the open position. The A position moves quickly to the B position, so that the filter 24 of the other channel can take over the work, and realize fast automatic network change. When the electric contact pressure gauge 31 indicates that the system pressure is reduced to the set lower limit value, the system sends a signal of energization of the motor 28, the gear pump 29 works immediately, and the one-way valve 30 releases a large amount of high-energy oil to the accumulator 25. Fill with oil until the system pressure is maintained again.

 The connection assembly 4 is also provided with a positive displacement pump, as shown in FIG. 6. The displacement pump is a pair of relative rotation will be gradually separated by the pump 40 and within which the re-intermeshing gear 41 of the gear pump thereof. The interlayer of the pump body 40 is provided with a cast aluminum electric heater 42 with a heating power of 1.2 kilowatts. At the inlet and outlet of the melt in the plastic state, there are also melt pressure measurement detection devices 43 and 44 in and out of the plastic state. . The positive displacement pump is driven by a single motor, which can effectively prevent upstream flow fluctuations and pressure pulsations. This positive displacement pump with variable capacity boosting and metering detection function can increase the flow output speed, reduce the shear and dwell time of the material in the extruder 3, reduce the extrusion temperature and pressure pulsation to improve extrusion Production efficiency and finished product quality. It provided with an electric heater 42 and the intake, the pressure gauge material detecting means 43, 44, can achieve rapid heating and heat control, and the material outlet pressure pulsations controlled within 1%.

 The axis connection of the three rollers of the three-roll calender 6 is an angle of 135 with the horizontal line (that is, the axis of the screw axis of the extruder 3). Straight line. , The diameter, the lower roll is 425 mm, the roller axis is fixed, the axis can be moved under the roll, three-roll distance is adjusted to be equal to or slightly smaller than the thickness of the sheet. With this arrangement of three rollers, the feed of the three-roll calender 6 and the discharge of the material flow channel in the head of the hanger-type die 5 can be docked at a short distance to prevent the sheet from sagging. Wrinkle, reduce heat dissipation and cooling, can adapt to the natural continuous movement of plastic materials with high starch content of more than 70%, to meet the requirements of sheet extrusion with high yield.

 Each roller of the three-roll calender 6 is a jacketed cooling roller. Further, three-roll calender provided with a control roll 6 surface temperature of each point of each coincides roll temperature adjusting means. The apparatus includes a roller disposed in the bypass tube and the circulating cooling water controlled by the water temperature, water level sensors are based on the temperature of the outer surface of the roller to control the cold water inlet valve supplement. This device can reduce the temperature difference at each point of the roller surface of the 6-roller of the 3-roller calender. Temperature just machines, three roll calender rollers 6 very low temperature, water enters the drum should be high enough in the tank is also provided with a heater.

 The three-roller calender 6 is also provided with a roller synchronization adjusting device that controls the servo motors that drive the rollers to operate at the same speed. Each servo motor is controlled by a programmable controller with a linear speed sensor. The linear speed sensor is an absolute encoder with a photocell.

 Content will be more than 70% of the starch-based material, polyethylene, polypropylene, and plasticized vinyl intermediate, the resulting joint action of other additives in powder, film material is metered into extrusion equipment, by sequence through the transfer kneading, shearing plasticized, dehydration vent, pressure extrusion, calendering trimming, and winding the traction finished cooling processes, it can be made of biodegradable paper sheet imitation high yield.

Claims

Claim 1. A fully degradable material extrusion molding equipment, said equipment comprising a twin-screw extruder and a die die connected to a barrel of said twin-screw extruder, characterized in that said twin-screw extruder Each of the screws is provided with a kneading block which is staggered and laminated into a whole by the spindle-shaped thread unit, and the corresponding spindle-shaped thread units of the kneading block on the two screws are arranged in pairs and the long axes are perpendicular to each other.  2. All degradable material according to claim 1, said extrusion apparatus, characterized in that each screw spindle has a six-by-piece screw unit shifted 25 - 35. The six-head kneading blocks stacked in one body, the corresponding spindle-shaped screw units of the six-head kneading blocks on the two screws are arranged in pairs, and their long axes are perpendicular to each other.  The degradation of the whole material or the extrusion apparatus 1, characterized in that at least one exhaust gas between the thread segment of the twin screw, the exhaust passage through the exhaust section claims The exhaust pipe on the barrel of the screw is communicated, wherein an inner wall of the exhaust passage is provided with an arc-shaped guide plate, and an inner wall of the exhaust passage opposite to the arc-shaped guide plate is provided with a baffle plate. .  4. The fully-degradable material extrusion molding device according to claim 3, wherein the arc shape of the arc-shaped guide plate is consistent with the arc shape of the screw, and the pitch of the arc-shaped guide plate near the front end gradually increases with the pitch of the twin-screw. Increase.  5. The extrusion apparatus of biodegradable material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said die head comprising: a head upper body; and a catchy die head which is fixed to the upper body fasteners; head lower body; and a lower die which is fixed to the lower body of the fastener head; vertical die gap adjustment screw; screw adjusting block and its resistance; and a blocking plate side, wherein said machine head die head flow channel stream lumen i.e. the angle to the horizontal axis of the screw of the twin screw extruder was 50 ~ 6 0 °.  6. The fully-degradable material extrusion molding device according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a calender, wherein the axis of each roller of the calender is connected to a straight line, and The included angle between the axis line and the horizontal line, that is, the axis line of the screw axis of the twin screw extruder is 1 2 5-1 3 5 °.  The whole of the degradable material is extrusion apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein each of said pressure roller ray machine is preferably a jacketed cooling rolls, and the calender is provided with A roller temperature adjusting device for controlling the temperature of each point on the surface of each roller to be consistent. 8. The fully-degradable material extrusion molding apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the calender is provided with a roller synchronization adjusting device for controlling the rotation speeds of the servo motors that respectively drive the rollers to be consistent. 9. The fully-degradable material extrusion molding device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the die head is provided with a connection component connected to a barrel of the twin-screw extruder, said connector assembly comprises a manifold and quick changer means, said quick changer apparatus disposed in front of the diverter plate is supported by the manifold pressure to the end surface of the barrel mouth only, and with rails and sliding thereon slider, and said slide is provided with filter manifold channels used alternately, wherein said quick changer slide means is provided with a controlled release of oil at the moment a large amount of high-energy accumulator with a hydraulic automatic and The cylinder piston of the hydraulic system of the control assembly is linked, and a material pressure sensor connected to the control circuit of the hydraulic system is provided in front of the filter screen.  10. The fully-degradable material extrusion molding device according to claim 9, wherein the connection component is further provided with a positive displacement pump, and an electric heater is provided in a sandwich of the pump body of the pump and the material is The inlet and outlet are also equipped with pressure measurement devices for inlet and outlet materials. The inlet of the material is connected to the outlet of the barrel, and the outlet of the material is connected to the inlet of the static mixer in the connection assembly.  1. Full degradable material according to claim 6, wherein said extrusion apparatus, characterized by further comprising a cooling assembly, cutting assembly and the tractor, wherein the tractor may be provided at the outlet of the winder.