WO2004046540A1 - Injector with a directly-actuated compound nozzle needle for fuel injection in an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Injector with a directly-actuated compound nozzle needle for fuel injection in an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004046540A1 WO2004046540A1 PCT/DE2003/003850 DE0303850W WO2004046540A1 WO 2004046540 A1 WO2004046540 A1 WO 2004046540A1 DE 0303850 W DE0303850 W DE 0303850W WO 2004046540 A1 WO2004046540 A1 WO 2004046540A1
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- Prior art keywords
- nozzle needle
- actuator
- nozzle
- needle
- register
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
- F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
- F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
- F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
- F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
- F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
- F02M45/086—Having more than one injection-valve controlling discharge orifices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/167—Means for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/46—Valves, e.g. injectors, with concentric valve bodies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
- F02M2200/701—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger mechanical
Definitions
- the invention relates to an injector for fuel injection into an internal combustion engine, which has a register nozzle needle which is arranged in an axial bore of a nozzle body and closes the existing spray holes of the nozzle body by means of a compression spring in the uncontrolled state, according to the preamble of the main claim ,
- the problem arises in particular in the case of powerful engines that the injectors, for example under certain operating conditions such as high loads. B. in the acceleration phase have to inject a lot more fuel (gasoline or diesel) into the combustion chambers of the engine than would be necessary at low or normal load. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that the statutory limits for emission protection must also be observed in all operating conditions.
- a piezoelectric actuator is often used to control the injector since, by applying a pulsed control voltage, it performs a reversible change in length, which can be used to actuate the nozzle needle, in particular also in the case of multiple injection.
- a servo valve has so far been connected between the actuator and the valve unit, which can be designed with a corresponding transmission ratio and thus indirectly controls the nozzle needle.
- an injector with a register nozzle needle is also known, which is used to increase the spraying fuel quantity is formed in two stages.
- the register nozzle needle has a hollow needle into which a second nozzle needle is inserted.
- both nozzle needles close spray holes which are separated by spring pressure. If the fuel pressure in the nozzle area is increased, then the nozzle needle with the weakest spring pressure opens, ie first the second nozzle needle and, if the fuel pressure continues to increase, the hollow needle in order to achieve the desired injection quantity of the fuel.
- This type of control of the two nozzle needles is therefore also indirect and can be done via a servo valve.
- a fuel injector is also known from EP 0995 901 A1, in which a piezoelectric actuator is used to control the nozzle needle.
- a piezoelectric actuator is used to control the nozzle needle.
- the actuator is designed in such a way that the spray holes are only closed securely when a correspondingly high control voltage U is applied to the actuator.
- the actuator is stretched out and exerts a corresponding force on the nozzle needle via a compression spring, which leads to the closing of the spray holes.
- the nozzle needle is controlled directly by the actuator. It is disadvantageous, however, that if the control voltage is missing, the spray holes are not securely closed, so that fuel can escape in an undesirable manner and at unsuitable times.
- the main claim has the advantage that, on the one hand, a register nozzle needle with a high injection quantity can be used.
- the register nozzle needle is directly controlled by a mechanical coupling from an actuator, so that no servo valve is required. It is considered particularly advantageous that the actuator can be controlled very easily by an applied control voltage can, so that both needles can be operated very specifically. In this way it is possible to inject an optimal amount of fuel in every operating situation of the engine.
- a deflection device is arranged between the actuator and the nozzle needle in the case of an inwardly opening register nozzle needle. This ensures that the spray holes of the two stages are securely closed when the actuator is deactivated, so that the fuel can only escape when the actuator is activated. This advantageously prevents fuel dripping or running on of fuel.
- the deflection device can be implemented with a lever, at one end of which the actuator presses and the second end of which raises the nozzle needle.
- the nozzle body is used as an abutment for the lever, so that there is a relative movement between the nozzle body and the nozzle needle.
- a sleeve is advantageously arranged between the injector and the deflection device.
- the injector can press the lever over the sleeve.
- the second end of the lever then presses against a collar plate of the register nozzle needle from below, so that it can lift out of its seat. In this way, a very simple reversal for opening the two stages of the nozzle needles is achieved.
- a hydraulic converter can be used instead of the lever.
- both nozzle needles of the register nozzle needle are pressed against the spray holes with a compression spring, the spray holes are securely closed when the actuator is de-energized. Furthermore, the springs ensure that there is no mechanical play between the actuator and the register nozzle needle, so that the actuator movement can be transmitted directly to the nozzle needles.
- the invention is based on the object of designing an injector for fuel injection with a piezoelectric actuator which actuates a register nozzle needle directly. This problem is solved with the features of the main claim.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first exemplary embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a nozzle body
- FIG. 3 shows a section of a nozzle body with a register nozzle needle
- FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment with a deflection device which has a hydraulic converter.
- an injector housing 1 which has a high-pressure connection 12 for the fuel supply in the upper part.
- a nozzle body 4 is screwed onto the injector housing 1 by means of a nozzle clamping nut 6.
- a register nozzle needle 5 is arranged in the inside of the nozzle body 4, as will be explained in more detail in FIG. 3.
- a hydraulic lash adjuster 2 is provided in the upper part of the injector housing 1 along the central axis, for example as an open hydraulic bearing
- the lower end of the hydraulic bearing 2 is closed by a base plate to which the upper part of a piezoelectric actuator 3 is attached.
- the actuator 3 is closed with a base plate 7, which acts on a deflection device 9 via a sleeve 8.
- a control voltage is applied to the actuator 3, this lengthens accordingly and then presses via the sleeve 8 onto the deflection device 9, which in this case is essentially formed from two levers.
- one lever is enough.
- two levers 9 have been provided here, which bear against corresponding two sides of a collar plate 10 of a register nozzle needle 5.
- the levers 9 are designed so that the
- the levers 9 are supported with their abutments on the nozzle body 4.
- the lever ratio can of course be used in the construction of the levers, for example to increase the stroke of the register nozzle needle 5.
- a compression spring 11 is arranged inside the sleeve 8, which ensures that, on the one hand, the stroke transmission of the actuator 3 is free of play.
- the spring force when the actuator 3 is not activated, i.e. when the actuator 3 is de-energized the register nozzle needles 5 are pressed against the corresponding spray holes 16, 19, so that these are closed in a fuel-tight manner.
- the hydraulic force of the fuel pressure also acts as a closing force. This ensures that the drive system always has play-free contact with the base plate 7, the levers 9 and the flange plate 10 of the register nozzle needle 5.
- An electrical connection for the actuator 3 is provided in the upper right part of FIG. 1 (without reference numerals).
- the fuel flows through the high-pressure connection 12 of the injector housing 1 and flows past the hydraulic lash adjuster 2 and the actuator 3 to the nozzle assembly 4, 5.
- a nozzle needle guide 13 is provided, which has four ground key surfaces.
- a cross section of the nozzle body 4 is shown in FIG. 2 for better understanding. The cross section was drawn at the section line A-A ( Figure 1). It first shows the annular nozzle clamping nut 6, which surrounds the nozzle body 4. in the
- the register nozzle needle 5 can be seen in the center as well as the four sharpened key surfaces, which the fuel can flow past.
- FIG 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention in which the nozzle body 4 of Figure 1 has been replaced.
- the register nozzle needle 5 consists of a hollow needle 15 and a central nozzle needle 17, which are coaxially assembled and each have a collar plate 14 and 18, respectively.
- the collar plate 18 of the central nozzle needle 17 protrudes with a predetermined distance s over the collar plate 14 of the hollow needle 15 and at least partially covers it.
- the length of the two nozzle needles is dimensioned such that, when the spray holes 16, 19 are closed, the collar plate 18 protrudes by the predetermined distance s.
- the central nozzle needle 17 can therefore only move when the hollow needle 15 has completed a stroke corresponding to the distance s.
- the central nozzle needle 17 is then entrained.
- two compression springs 20, 21 are provided which press on the corresponding collar plates 14, 18. They thus keep the spray holes 16, 19 closed when the actuator is de-energized.
- the deflection device 9 described for FIG. 1 can again be used as the valve drive, which then attaches again below the collar plate 14 and presses it upward when the actuator is expanded.
- the stroke of the two nozzle needles 15, 17 can now be controlled with the amplitude of a control voltage on the actuator.
- a control voltage With a smaller control voltage, only the hollow needle 15 initially moves until its stroke corresponds to the distance s.
- the central nozzle needle 17 is then entrained and all the spray holes 16, 19 of the two stages are opened.
- FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the invention for direct actuation of the register nozzle needle 5.
- the levers of the deflection device 9 have been replaced by a hydraulic converter.
- the base plate of the actuator 3 is now as
- Actuator piston 23 is formed which, when the actuator 3 is extended, presses on a pressure chamber 22 filled with fuel. In accordance with the pressure, the fuel now flows via a connecting line 24 into a lifting chamber 25 which surrounds the hollow needle 15 in an annular manner.
- the flange plate 14 of the hollow needle 15 is also formed in this case as a piston, which first entrains the hollow needle 15 and then the central nozzle needle 17, as was described above. The remaining parts of FIG. 4 have already been explained for FIG. 3.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Beschreibungdescription
Injektor mit einer direkt angetriebenen Register-Düsennadel für die Kraftstoffeinspritzung in einen VerbrennungsmotorInjector with a directly driven register nozzle needle for fuel injection into an internal combustion engine
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Injektor für die Kraftstoffeinspritzung in einen Verbrennungsmotor, der eine Register- Düsennadel aufweist, die in einer axialen Bohrung eines Düsenkörpers angeordnet ist und mittels einer Druckfeder im nicht angesteuerten Zustand die vorhandenen Spritzlöcher des Düsenkörpers verschließt, nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Insbesondere bei leistungsstarke Motoren tritt das Problem auf, dass die Injektoren bei bestimmten Betriebszu- ständen wie hohen Lasten z. B. in der Beschleunigungsphase sehr viel mehr Kraftstoff (Benzin oder Diesel) in die Verbrennungsräume des Motors einspritzen müssen als dies bei niedriger oder normaler Belastung erforderlich wäre. Dieses Problem verschärft sich dadurch, dass bei allen Betriebsbedingungen auch die gesetzlich vorgeschriebenen Grenzwerte für den Emissionsschutz einzuhalten sind.The invention relates to an injector for fuel injection into an internal combustion engine, which has a register nozzle needle which is arranged in an axial bore of a nozzle body and closes the existing spray holes of the nozzle body by means of a compression spring in the uncontrolled state, according to the preamble of the main claim , The problem arises in particular in the case of powerful engines that the injectors, for example under certain operating conditions such as high loads. B. in the acceleration phase have to inject a lot more fuel (gasoline or diesel) into the combustion chambers of the engine than would be necessary at low or normal load. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that the statutory limits for emission protection must also be observed in all operating conditions.
Aus diesen Gründen wird zur Steuerung des Injektors häufig ein piezoelektrischer Aktor verwendet, da dieser durch Anlegen einer gepulsten SteuerSpannung eine reversible Längenänderung durchführt, die zur Betätigung der Düsennadel, insbesondere auch bei der Mehrfacheinspritzung genutzt werden kann. Da jedoch die Längenänderung der verwendeten Piezokera- ik verhältnismäßig klein ist und somit nur einen kleinen Nadelhub erzeugen werden kann, wurde bisher zwischen dem Aktor und der Ventileinheit ein Servoventil geschaltet, das mit einer entsprechenden Übersetzung ausgebildet sein kann und somit indirekt die Düsennadel steuert.For these reasons, a piezoelectric actuator is often used to control the injector since, by applying a pulsed control voltage, it performs a reversible change in length, which can be used to actuate the nozzle needle, in particular also in the case of multiple injection. However, since the change in length of the piezoceramic used is relatively small and thus only a small needle stroke can be generated, a servo valve has so far been connected between the actuator and the valve unit, which can be designed with a corresponding transmission ratio and thus indirectly controls the nozzle needle.
Aus der DE 27 10 138 AI ist des weiteren ein Injektor mit einer Registerdüsennadel bekannt, die zur Erhöhung der einzu- spritzenden Kraftstoffmenge zweistufig ausgebildet ist. Die Register-Düsennadel weist eine Hohlnadel auf, in die eine zweite Düsennadel eingesetzt ist. Beide Düsennadeln verschließen im nicht angesteuerten Zustand durch Federdruck ge- trennte Spritzlöcher. Wird der Kraftstoffdruck im Düsenbereich gesteigert, dann öffnet zunächst die Düsennadel mit dem schwächsten Federdruck, d.h. zuerst die zweite Düsennadel und bei weiter steigendem Kraftstoffdruck die Hohlnadel, um die gewünschte Einspritzmenge des Kraftstoffs zu erreichen. Diese Art der Steuerung der beiden Düsennadel ist somit ebenfalls indirekt und kann über ein Servoventil erfolgen.From DE 27 10 138 AI an injector with a register nozzle needle is also known, which is used to increase the spraying fuel quantity is formed in two stages. The register nozzle needle has a hollow needle into which a second nozzle needle is inserted. In the uncontrolled state, both nozzle needles close spray holes which are separated by spring pressure. If the fuel pressure in the nozzle area is increased, then the nozzle needle with the weakest spring pressure opens, ie first the second nozzle needle and, if the fuel pressure continues to increase, the hollow needle in order to achieve the desired injection quantity of the fuel. This type of control of the two nozzle needles is therefore also indirect and can be done via a servo valve.
Aus der EP 0995 901 AI ist des weiteren ein Kraftstoffinjek- tor bekannt, bei dem zur Ansteuerung der Düsennadel ein pie- zoelektrische Aktor verwendet wird. In diesem Fall wird jedoch nur eine einfache Düsennadel verwendet, die sich im Innern des Düsenkörpers anhebt und dabei die Spritzlöcher öffnet. Der Aktor ist dabei so ausgebildet, dass die Spritzlöcher nur sicher geschlossen sind, wenn an den Aktor eine ent- sprechend hohe Steuerspannung U angelegt ist. In diesem Fall ist der Aktor ausgelängt und übt über eine Druckfeder eine entsprechende Kraft auf die Düsennadel auf, die zum Verschließen der Spritzlöcher führt. Hier wird zwar die Düsennadel von dem Aktor direkt gesteuert. Nachteilig ist jedoch, dass bei fehlender Steuerspannung die Spritzlöcher nicht sicher verschlossen sind, so dass in unerwünschter Weise und zu ungeeigneten Zeitpunkten Kraftstoff austreten kann.A fuel injector is also known from EP 0995 901 A1, in which a piezoelectric actuator is used to control the nozzle needle. In this case, however, only a simple nozzle needle is used, which rises inside the nozzle body and thereby opens the spray holes. The actuator is designed in such a way that the spray holes are only closed securely when a correspondingly high control voltage U is applied to the actuator. In this case, the actuator is stretched out and exerts a corresponding force on the nozzle needle via a compression spring, which leads to the closing of the spray holes. Here, the nozzle needle is controlled directly by the actuator. It is disadvantageous, however, that if the control voltage is missing, the spray holes are not securely closed, so that fuel can escape in an undesirable manner and at unsuitable times.
Der erfindungsgemäße Injektor zur Kraftstoffeinspritzung in den Verbrennungsmotor mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen desThe injector according to the invention for fuel injection into the internal combustion engine with the characterizing features of
Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass einerseits eine Register-Düsennadel mit einer hohen Einspritzmenge verwendet werden kann. Andererseits wird die Register-Düsennadel durch eine mechanische Kopplung von einem Aktor direkt ge- steuert, so dass kein Servoventil erforderlich ist. Als besonders vorteilhaft wird dabei angesehen, dass der Aktor sehr einfach durch eine angelegte Steuerspannung gesteuert werden kann, so dass beide Nadeln ganz gezielt betätigt werden können. Auf diese Weise gelingt es, in jeder Betriebsituation des Motors eine optimale Kraftstoffmenge einzuspritzen.In contrast, the main claim has the advantage that, on the one hand, a register nozzle needle with a high injection quantity can be used. On the other hand, the register nozzle needle is directly controlled by a mechanical coupling from an actuator, so that no servo valve is required. It is considered particularly advantageous that the actuator can be controlled very easily by an applied control voltage can, so that both needles can be operated very specifically. In this way it is possible to inject an optimal amount of fuel in every operating situation of the engine.
Durch die in den abhängigen Ansprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Injektors gegeben. Als besonders vorteilhaft wird angesehen, dass bei einer nach innen öffnenden Register-Düsennadel zwischen dem Aktor und der Düsennadel eine Umlenkeinrichtung angeordnet ist. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, dass die Spritzlöcher der beiden Stufen bei deaktiviertem Aktor sicher verschlossen sind, so dass der Kraftstoff nur dann austreten kann, wenn der Aktor angesteuert wird. Ein für den Motor gefährliches Tropfen oder Nachlaufen von Kraftstoff wird damit vorteilhaft verhindert.The measures listed in the dependent claims provide advantageous developments and improvements to the injector specified in the main claim. It is regarded as particularly advantageous that a deflection device is arranged between the actuator and the nozzle needle in the case of an inwardly opening register nozzle needle. This ensures that the spray holes of the two stages are securely closed when the actuator is deactivated, so that the fuel can only escape when the actuator is activated. This advantageously prevents fuel dripping or running on of fuel.
Die Umlenkeinrichtung kann im einfachsten Fall mit einem Hebel realisiert werden, an dessen einem Ende der Aktor drückt und dessen zweites Ende die Düsennadel anhebt. Als Widerlager für den Hebel wird der Düsenkörper genutzt, so dass sich eine Relativbewegung zwischen dem Düsenkörper und der Düsennadel ergibt. Diese Lösung ist sehr kostengünstig herstellbar.In the simplest case, the deflection device can be implemented with a lever, at one end of which the actuator presses and the second end of which raises the nozzle needle. The nozzle body is used as an abutment for the lever, so that there is a relative movement between the nozzle body and the nozzle needle. This solution can be produced very inexpensively.
Um die engen Raumverhältnisse im Injektor ausnutzen zu können wird vorteilhaft zwischen dem Injektor und der Umlenkeinrichtung eine Hülse angeordnet. Der Injektor kann über die Hülse auf den Hebel drücken. Das zweite Ende des Hebels drückt dann von unten gegen eine Bundplatte der Register-Düsennadel, so dass diese sich aus ihrem Sitz heben kann. Auf diese Weise wird eine sehr einfache Umkehrung zum Öffnen der beiden Stufen der Düsennadeln erzielt.In order to be able to take advantage of the limited space in the injector, a sleeve is advantageously arranged between the injector and the deflection device. The injector can press the lever over the sleeve. The second end of the lever then presses against a collar plate of the register nozzle needle from below, so that it can lift out of its seat. In this way, a very simple reversal for opening the two stages of the nozzle needles is achieved.
Eine vorteilhafte Lösung wird auch darin gesehen, die zentrale Düsennadel mit einer Bundplatte auszubilden, die die Bundplatte der Hohlnadel teilweise überdeckt und einen vorgegebenen Abstand zu ihr aufweist. Dadurch ergibt sich eine sehr einfache Betätigungsmöglichkeit für die zentrale Düsen- nadel, da diese automatisch mitgenommen wird, sobald die Hohlnadel den vorgegebenen Abstand überwunden hat.An advantageous solution is also seen in forming the central nozzle needle with a collar plate which partially covers the collar plate of the hollow needle and is at a predetermined distance from it. This results in a very simple actuation option for the central nozzle needle, as this is automatically taken along as soon as the hollow needle has overcome the specified distance.
Eine günstige Lösung besteht auch darin, beide Düsennadeln durch getrennte Hebel unabhängig voneinander zu betätigen.A cheap solution is also to operate both nozzle needles independently of one another using separate levers.
Dadurch kann beispielsweise ein unterschiedlicher Hub für die beiden Hebel erreicht werden.In this way, for example, a different stroke can be achieved for the two levers.
Alternativ kann an Stelle des Hebels auch ein hydraulischer Umsetzer verwendet werden.Alternatively, a hydraulic converter can be used instead of the lever.
Da beide Düsennadeln der Register-Düsennadel mit einer Druckfeder gegen die Spritzlöcher gedrückt werden, ist bei stromlosem Aktor ein sicherer Verschluss der Spritzlöcher gegeben. Des weiteren ist durch die Federn sichergestellt, dass zwischen dem Aktor und der Register-Düsennadel kein mechanisches Spiel besteht, so dass die Aktorbewegung direkt auf die Düsennadeln übertragen werden kann.Since both nozzle needles of the register nozzle needle are pressed against the spray holes with a compression spring, the spray holes are securely closed when the actuator is de-energized. Furthermore, the springs ensure that there is no mechanical play between the actuator and the register nozzle needle, so that the actuator movement can be transmitted directly to the nozzle needles.
Eine vorteilhafte Lösung wird auch in einem hydraulischen Spielausgleich gesehen, der vorzugsweise als hydraulisches Lager ausgebildet ist. Mit dem hydraulischen Lager wird vorteilhaft ein Spiel ausgeglichen.An advantageous solution is also seen in a hydraulic lash adjuster, which is preferably designed as a hydraulic bearing. A play is advantageously compensated for with the hydraulic bearing.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, einen Injektor für die Kraftstoffeinspritzung mit einem piezoelektrischen Aktor auszubilden, der eine Register-Düsennadel direkt betätigt. Diese Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs ge- löst.The invention is based on the object of designing an injector for fuel injection with a piezoelectric actuator which actuates a register nozzle needle directly. This problem is solved with the features of the main claim.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert .Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are explained in more detail in the following description.
Figur 1 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, Figur 2 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch einen Düsenkörper,FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first exemplary embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a nozzle body,
Figur 3 zeigt ausschnittsweise einen Düsenkörper mit einer Register-Düsennadel undFIG. 3 shows a section of a nozzle body with a register nozzle needle and
Figur 4 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel mit einer Umlenkeinrichtung, die einen hydraulischen Umsetzer aufweist.FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment with a deflection device which has a hydraulic converter.
Bei dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung gemäß Figur 1 ist zunächst ein Injektorgehäuse 1 erkennbar, das im oberen Teil einen Hochdruckanschluss 12 für die Kraftstoffzufuhr aufweist. Am unteren Ende ist ein Düsenkörper 4 mittels einer Düsenspannmutter 6 auf das Injektorgehäuse 1 geschraubt. In dem Düsenkörper 4 ist im Innern eine Register-Düsennadel 5 angeordnet, auf in Figur 3 noch näher erläutert wird.In the first exemplary embodiment of the invention according to FIG. 1, an injector housing 1 can first be seen, which has a high-pressure connection 12 for the fuel supply in the upper part. At the lower end, a nozzle body 4 is screwed onto the injector housing 1 by means of a nozzle clamping nut 6. A register nozzle needle 5 is arranged in the inside of the nozzle body 4, as will be explained in more detail in FIG. 3.
Innerhalb des Injektorgehäuses 1 ist entlang der zentralen Achse im oberen Teil ein hydraulischer Spielausgleich 2 vor- gesehen, der zum Beispiel als hydraulisches Lager im offenenA hydraulic lash adjuster 2 is provided in the upper part of the injector housing 1 along the central axis, for example as an open hydraulic bearing
System ausgebildet ist und somit auftretende Leckagen ausgleicht. Das untere Ende des hydraulischen Lagers 2 wird von einer Bodenplatte abgeschlossen, an die der obere Teil eines piezoelektrischen Aktors 3 befestigt ist.System is designed and thus compensates for any leaks. The lower end of the hydraulic bearing 2 is closed by a base plate to which the upper part of a piezoelectric actuator 3 is attached.
Nach unten hin ist der Aktor 3 mit einer Bodenplatte 7 abgeschlossen, die über eine Hülse 8 auf eine Umlenkeinrichtung 9 wirkt. Beim Anlegen einer SteuerSpannung an den Aktor 3 verlängert sich dieser entsprechend und drückt dann über die Hülse 8 auf die Umlenkeinrichtung 9, die in diesem Fall im wesentlichen aus zwei Hebeln gebildet wird. Im Prinzip genügt ein Hebel. Aus Gründen einer symmetrischen Belastung wurden hier jedoch zwei Hebel 9 vorgesehen, die an entsprechende zwei Seiten einer Bundplatte 10 einer Register-Düsennadel 5 anliegen. Die Hebel 9 sind dabei so ausgebildet, dass dieAt the bottom, the actuator 3 is closed with a base plate 7, which acts on a deflection device 9 via a sleeve 8. When a control voltage is applied to the actuator 3, this lengthens accordingly and then presses via the sleeve 8 onto the deflection device 9, which in this case is essentially formed from two levers. In principle, one lever is enough. For reasons of symmetrical loading, however, two levers 9 have been provided here, which bear against corresponding two sides of a collar plate 10 of a register nozzle needle 5. The levers 9 are designed so that the
Hülse 8 mit ihrem unteren Rand auf die äußere Auflagefläche der Hebel 9 drückt, während die innere Auflageflächen von un- ten gegen die Bundplatte 10 drückt. Die Hebel 9 stützen sich mit ihrem Widerlager auf dem Düsenkörper 4 ab. Bei der Konstruktion der Hebel kann natürlich das Hebelverhältnis genutzt werden, um beispielsweise den Hub der Register-Düsenna- del 5 zu vergrößern.The lower edge of the sleeve 8 presses on the outer bearing surface of the lever 9, while the inner bearing surface of ten presses against the collar plate 10. The levers 9 are supported with their abutments on the nozzle body 4. The lever ratio can of course be used in the construction of the levers, for example to increase the stroke of the register nozzle needle 5.
Zwischen der Bodenplatte 7 und der Bundplatte 10 ist innerhalb der Hülse 8 eine Druckfeder 11 angeordnet, die dafür sorgt, dass einerseits die Hubübertragung des Aktors 3 spiel- frei ist. Andererseits wird durch die Federkraft bei nicht aktiviertem Aktor 3, d.h. bei stromlosem Aktor 3 die Register-Düsennadeln 5 gegen die entsprechenden Spritzlöcher 16,19 gedrückt, so dass diese kraftstoffdicht verschlossen sind. Zusätzlich zur Druckfeder 11 wirkt noch die hydraulische Kraft des Kraftstoffdruckes als Schließkraft. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, dass das Antriebssystem mit der Bodenplatte 7, den Hebeln 9 und der Bundplatte 10 der Register-Düsennadel 5 immer spielfreien Kontakt haben.Between the base plate 7 and the collar plate 10, a compression spring 11 is arranged inside the sleeve 8, which ensures that, on the one hand, the stroke transmission of the actuator 3 is free of play. On the other hand, the spring force when the actuator 3 is not activated, i.e. when the actuator 3 is de-energized, the register nozzle needles 5 are pressed against the corresponding spray holes 16, 19, so that these are closed in a fuel-tight manner. In addition to the compression spring 11, the hydraulic force of the fuel pressure also acts as a closing force. This ensures that the drive system always has play-free contact with the base plate 7, the levers 9 and the flange plate 10 of the register nozzle needle 5.
Im rechten oberen Teil der Figur 1 ist (ohne Bezugszeichen) ein elektrischer Anschluss für den Aktor 3 vorgesehen. Der Kraftstoff fließt über den Hochdruckanschluss 12 des Injektorgehäuses 1 und strömt am hydraulischen Spielausgleich 2 und dem Aktor 3 vorbei zur Düsenbaugruppe 4,5. Um zur Düsen- spitze zu gelangen, ist eine Düsennadelführung 13 vorgesehen, die vier geschliffene Schlüsselflächen aufweist. Zum besseren Verständnis ist in Figur 2 ein Querschnitt des Düsenkörpers 4 dargestellt. Der Querschnitt wurde in Höhe der Schnittlinie A-A (Figur 1) gezeichnet. Er zeigt zunächst die ringförmige Düsenspannmutter 6, die den Düsenkörper 4 umschließt. ImAn electrical connection for the actuator 3 is provided in the upper right part of FIG. 1 (without reference numerals). The fuel flows through the high-pressure connection 12 of the injector housing 1 and flows past the hydraulic lash adjuster 2 and the actuator 3 to the nozzle assembly 4, 5. In order to get to the tip of the nozzle, a nozzle needle guide 13 is provided, which has four ground key surfaces. A cross section of the nozzle body 4 is shown in FIG. 2 for better understanding. The cross section was drawn at the section line A-A (Figure 1). It first shows the annular nozzle clamping nut 6, which surrounds the nozzle body 4. in the
Zentrum ist die Register-Düsennadel 5 zu erkennen sowie die vier angeschliffenen Schlüsselflächen, an die der Kraftstoff vorbeifließen kann.The register nozzle needle 5 can be seen in the center as well as the four sharpened key surfaces, which the fuel can flow past.
Figur 3 zeigt ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, bei der der Düsenkörper 4 der Figur 1 ersetzt wurde. In Figur 3 wurde der Düsenkörper 4 mit einer Register-Düsennadel 5 ausschnittsweise dargestellt. Die Register-Düsennadel 5 besteht aus einer Hohlnadel 15 und einer zentralen Düsennadel 17, die koaxial zusammengesetzt sind und jeweils eine Bundplatte 14 beziehungsweise 18 aufweisen. Die Bundplatte 18 der zentralen Düsennadel 17 ragt mit einem vorgegebenen Abstand s über die Bundplatte 14 der Hohlnadel 15 heraus und überdeckt diese wenigstens teilweise. Die Länge der beiden Düsennadeln ist so bemessen, dass bei geschlossenen Spritzlöchern 16,19 die Bundplatte 18 um den vorgegebenen Abstand s herausragt. Die zentrale Düsennadel 17 kann sich somit erst dann bewegen, wenn die Hohlnadel 15 einen dem Abstand s entsprechenden Hub vollzogen hat. Danach wird die zentrale Düsennadel 17 mitgerissen.Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention in which the nozzle body 4 of Figure 1 has been replaced. In Figure 3, the nozzle body 4 with a register nozzle needle 5 shown in sections. The register nozzle needle 5 consists of a hollow needle 15 and a central nozzle needle 17, which are coaxially assembled and each have a collar plate 14 and 18, respectively. The collar plate 18 of the central nozzle needle 17 protrudes with a predetermined distance s over the collar plate 14 of the hollow needle 15 and at least partially covers it. The length of the two nozzle needles is dimensioned such that, when the spray holes 16, 19 are closed, the collar plate 18 protrudes by the predetermined distance s. The central nozzle needle 17 can therefore only move when the hollow needle 15 has completed a stroke corresponding to the distance s. The central nozzle needle 17 is then entrained.
Wie Figur 3 weiter entnehmbar ist, sind zwei Druckfedern 20,21 vorgesehen, die auf die entsprechenden Bundplatten 14,18 drücken. Sie halten damit im stromlosen Zustand des Aktors die Spritzlöcher 16,19 geschlossen. Als Ventilantrieb kann wieder die zu Figur 1 beschriebene Umlenkeinrichtung 9 verwendet werden, die dann wieder unterhalb der Bundplatte 14 ansetzt und diese bei Ausdehnung des Aktors nach oben drückt.As can also be seen in FIG. 3, two compression springs 20, 21 are provided which press on the corresponding collar plates 14, 18. They thus keep the spray holes 16, 19 closed when the actuator is de-energized. The deflection device 9 described for FIG. 1 can again be used as the valve drive, which then attaches again below the collar plate 14 and presses it upward when the actuator is expanded.
Bezüglich der Funktionsweise kann nun mit der Amplitude einer Steuerspannung am Aktor der Hub der beiden Düsennadeln 15,17 gesteuert werden. Bei kleinerer Steuerspannung bewegt sich zunächst nur die Hohlnadel 15, bis ihr Hub dem Abstand s entspricht. Bei Steigerung der SteuerSpannung wird dann die zentrale Düsennadel 17 mitgerissen und somit alle Spritzlöcher 16,19 der beiden Stufen geöffnet.With regard to the mode of operation, the stroke of the two nozzle needles 15, 17 can now be controlled with the amplitude of a control voltage on the actuator. With a smaller control voltage, only the hollow needle 15 initially moves until its stroke corresponds to the distance s. When the control voltage increases, the central nozzle needle 17 is then entrained and all the spray holes 16, 19 of the two stages are opened.
In alternativer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist auch vorgesehen, für jede Düsenadel 15,17 getrennte Hebel 9 vorzusehen, die dann entsprechend ausgebildet sind. Dadurch lassen sich vorteilhaft die beiden Düsennadeln 15,17 auch mit einem un- terschiedlichen Hub steuern. Figur 4 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung für eine direkte Betätigung der Register-Düsennadel 5. Hier wurden die Hebel der Umlenkeinrichtung 9 durch einen hydraulischen Umsetzer ersetzt. Ausgehend von dem Ausführungsbei- spiel der Figur 3 ist nun die Bodenplatte des Aktors 3 alsIn an alternative embodiment of the invention, it is also provided to provide separate levers 9 for each nozzle needle 15, 17, which are then designed accordingly. As a result, the two nozzle needles 15, 17 can advantageously also be controlled with a different stroke. FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the invention for direct actuation of the register nozzle needle 5. Here, the levers of the deflection device 9 have been replaced by a hydraulic converter. Based on the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3, the base plate of the actuator 3 is now as
Aktorkolben 23 ausgebildet, die bei Verlängerung des Aktors 3 auf eine mit Kraftstoff gefüllte Druckkammer 22 drückt. Entsprechend dem Druck fließt nun der Kraftstoff über eine Verbindungsleitung 24 in eine Hubkammer 25, die die Hohlnadel 15 ringförmig umschließt. Die Bundplatte 14 der Hohlnadel 15 ist in diesem Fall ebenfalls als Kolben ausgebildet, der zunächst die Hohlnadel 15 und dann die zentrale Düsennadel 17 mitreißt, wie zu vor beschrieben wurde. Die übrigen Teile dieser Figur 4 wurden bereits zu Figur 3 erläutert. Actuator piston 23 is formed which, when the actuator 3 is extended, presses on a pressure chamber 22 filled with fuel. In accordance with the pressure, the fuel now flows via a connecting line 24 into a lifting chamber 25 which surrounds the hollow needle 15 in an annular manner. The flange plate 14 of the hollow needle 15 is also formed in this case as a piston, which first entrains the hollow needle 15 and then the central nozzle needle 17, as was described above. The remaining parts of FIG. 4 have already been explained for FIG. 3.
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03767443A EP1563182B1 (en) | 2002-11-20 | 2003-11-20 | Injector with a directly-actuated compound nozzle needle for fuel injection in an internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2002154186 DE10254186A1 (en) | 2002-11-20 | 2002-11-20 | Injector with a directly driven register nozzle needle for fuel injection into an internal combustion engine |
| DE10254186.8 | 2002-11-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004046540A1 true WO2004046540A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
Family
ID=32318582
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2003/003850 Ceased WO2004046540A1 (en) | 2002-11-20 | 2003-11-20 | Injector with a directly-actuated compound nozzle needle for fuel injection in an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1563182B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE10254186A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004046540A1 (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004074672A1 (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2004-09-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Injection valve for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine |
| WO2005085624A1 (en) * | 2004-03-06 | 2005-09-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel-injection valve |
| WO2006063918A1 (en) * | 2004-12-16 | 2006-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection nozzle |
| WO2006128773A1 (en) * | 2005-05-30 | 2006-12-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection nozzle |
| WO2007057170A1 (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-05-24 | Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh | High pressure fuel injector |
| EP1843038A1 (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2007-10-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Fuel injector with a conical high pressure housing sealing |
| WO2009019178A1 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-12 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Injector and device having a container and having a housing which surrounds the container |
| EP1996812A4 (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2010-11-17 | Volvo Lastvagnar Ab | Fuel injection system |
| CN103195627A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-07-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Direct control type piezoelectric oil injector |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10336327B4 (en) * | 2003-08-07 | 2016-03-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injector for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, in particular direct injection diesel engines |
| EP1693561B1 (en) | 2005-01-19 | 2008-03-05 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Fuel injector |
| EP1693562B1 (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2007-05-30 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Fuel injector |
| DE102006031567A1 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-10 | Siemens Ag | Injection system and method for manufacturing an injection system |
| DE102012211233A1 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection valve for fuel injection system of internal combustion engine, has actuator that affects mechanical translator over hydraulic temperature equalizing device when translating stroke of actuator into stroke of nozzle needle |
| DE102012216688A1 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2014-03-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector |
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| DE3533085A1 (en) * | 1985-09-17 | 1987-03-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | METERING VALVE FOR DOSING LIQUIDS OR GASES |
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| DE19947196A1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-05 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection device for diesel engine has control valve for regulating fuel feed from high pressure space to injection valve |
| US6279842B1 (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2001-08-28 | Rodi Power Systems, Inc. | Magnetostrictively actuated fuel injector |
| JP4079578B2 (en) * | 2000-06-22 | 2008-04-23 | 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 | Fuel injection device |
-
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- 2002-11-20 DE DE2002154186 patent/DE10254186A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 2003-11-20 EP EP03767443A patent/EP1563182B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-11-20 WO PCT/DE2003/003850 patent/WO2004046540A1/en not_active Ceased
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| US4022166A (en) * | 1975-04-03 | 1977-05-10 | Teledyne Industries, Inc. | Piezoelectric fuel injector valve |
| DE2710138A1 (en) | 1977-03-09 | 1978-09-14 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | MULTI-HOLE INJECTION NOZZLE |
| DE4228214A1 (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1993-04-01 | Siemens Ag | LINEAR LEVER TRAVEL TRANSFORMER FOR THE PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATOR OF AN INLET VALVE |
| DE19642441A1 (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 1998-04-16 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method for actuating a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines |
| FR2787144A1 (en) * | 1998-12-14 | 2000-06-16 | Siemens Ag | LEVER TRANSMITTER |
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| US20020166542A1 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2002-11-14 | Joseph Kirzhner | Proportional needle control injector |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004074672A1 (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2004-09-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Injection valve for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine |
| WO2005085624A1 (en) * | 2004-03-06 | 2005-09-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel-injection valve |
| WO2006063918A1 (en) * | 2004-12-16 | 2006-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection nozzle |
| WO2006128773A1 (en) * | 2005-05-30 | 2006-12-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection nozzle |
| WO2007057170A1 (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-05-24 | Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh | High pressure fuel injector |
| EP1996812A4 (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2010-11-17 | Volvo Lastvagnar Ab | Fuel injection system |
| EP1843038A1 (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2007-10-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Fuel injector with a conical high pressure housing sealing |
| WO2009019178A1 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-12 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Injector and device having a container and having a housing which surrounds the container |
| CN103195627A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-07-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Direct control type piezoelectric oil injector |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10254186A1 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
| EP1563182A1 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
| EP1563182B1 (en) | 2012-01-11 |
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