A METHOD FOR MANURING OUT AND A DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD
The present invention relates to a method to effect manuring out in an installation for animals, preferably in an installation for holding poultry, whereby the poultry at least at times are on one or more stages which, in applicable cases, are located above a foundation or floor, whereby a belt is arranged to run on a lower level than the stage and shows a first side, a second side, a first end portion and a second end portion.
In installations for, for example, egg production there is a method to effect manuring out by a belt on which the manure may drop. The manure is then transported by means of the belt for further handling. However, when using the method, the belt often deviates from the intended direction of conveyance which results in a reduced degree of manuring out, unnecessary wear of the belt and if the worst comes to the worst interuption of the sevice. Further, the method involves an unnecessary complicated device and by that an expensive device whose cost of maintenance also is heavy. Besides, it is difficult to clean the belt and keep adjacent parts of the installation free from collection of dirt. It exists also another method to effect manuring out and in that respect with a simpler and less expensive device. Still, the method must be realized manually, i.e. by manual operation and is suited only for small installations. Some of the inconveniences mentioned in connection with the prior known method exist also in this simpler system.
For that reason, there is a need for a new method to effect manuring out where the inconveniences in known methods are eliminated. At this, one object with the method in accordance with the invention is to guide the belt so it moves in the intended direction of movement or conveyance. According to another object the method should be able to be realized by a constructively simpel device which can be produced and driven at a relative trifling cost. Still another object with the
invention is that cleaning of the belt should be able to be carried out in a simple and effective way with the possibility to sufficient access to the belt and also to the rest of the installation in order to keep a necessary degree of cleanness. Further, the method should be able to be realized by means of automatism, be able to be applied in big as well as in small installations and be able to be carried out without manual effort worth mentioning.
Thus, in the method in accordance with the invention is used a belt with substantially halved length than in a known method, whereby cleaning of the belt and also of adjacent parts of the installation is facilitated. Further, the belt is arranged guided by guide devices for pull devices and/or by guide elements, whereby the belt can be moved with safety in the installation in intended directions of movement and conveyance. Besides, the device itself is for carrying out the method simple in its construction and handling and can be dimensioned considerably so the device can be produced and driven at relatively low cost with satisfactory security in operation. The method and device can be carried out and driven by automatism and are adapted for use in big as well as in small installations.
The method in accordance with the invention is characterized in that in operation of manuring out, the first side of the belt is turned towards the said stage and its first end portion is situated in connection with a first end part shown by the stage and is brought to move in one direction in the installation during linking until the second side of the belt or substantially the entire second side of the belt is turned towards the said stage and its said first end portion is situated in connection with a second end part shown by the stage. .
According to another characteristics of the method in accordance with the invention movements of the belt are done by means of a pull device running along at least one guide device and/or between guide elements, whereby the guide device and/or guide ele-
ments prevent the pull device and/or the belt from displacement in a direction across the stage or across the intended direction of conveyance of the belt.
The invention relates also to a device for manuring out in an installation for holding animals and in which device the method in accordance with the invention can be used. At this, the device is formed to be arranged in connection with a proportionately longish and at least to some extent manure permeable stage on which animals are, at least at times, and comprises a belt for receiving manure from the stage and showing a first side which when manuring out or in the active position of the device at least to a considerable part is turned towards the stage, a second side which is arranged to be able to run over a roll, drum or similar when manuring out, a fist end portion and a second end portion. The device is characterized in that the belt shows a length at least substantially the same as the length of the stage and is arranged to a pull device, one end of which is arranged to the first end portion of the belt and its second end to the second end portion of the belt and is arranged to be able to be arranged to a source of power for driving the pull device, whereby the belt in manuring out is arranged to be able to move or be pulled over the said roll and take a position where the said second side of the belt at least to a considerable part is turned towards the stage.
According to another characteristics of the device in accordance with the invention at least one guide device or guide elements for the pull device and/or the belt is arranged in connection with the stage or under at least the manure permeable part of the stage and in its length, whereby the guide device and/or guide element is arranged to keep the pull device and/or the belt in a predestinated laterally position lengthways of the installation or the stage.
Further characteristics and advantages of the method and device in accordance with the invention will in the following descript-
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ion be apparent by emodiment examples, whereby a simultaneous reference will be made to the accompanying, schematic drawings, of which Fig. 1 shows from above a part of an installation for holding poultry with a device in accordance with the invention according to one embodiment, Fig. 2 shows according to a section I - I in Fig. 1 the installation and device however, furnished with a stage, Fig. 3 shows from one side, schematically and in enlarged scale partly the installation and device in Figs. 1 and 2, Fig. 4 shows in a perspective view in additional enlarged scale a part of the device as before, Fig. 5 shows in a perspective view in additional enlarged scale a part of the device as before, Fig. 6 shows in a perspective view the part shown in Fig. 5 with an exemplified pull device which is included in a device in accordance with the invention, Fig. 7 shows in a ' perspective view and in enlarged scale a part of a frame which is included in the installation, Fig. 8 shows in a perspective view and in enlarged scale another part, of the frame which is included in the installation, Fig. 9 shows in a perspective view a cross piece which is included in the frame shown in Fig. 7 according to a second embodiment, Fig. 10 shows in a perspective view a part of the frame shown in Fig. 8 according to another embodiment, Fig. 11 shows in a perspective view the part shown in Fig. 5 according to another embodiment, Fig. 12 shows an end view of the part in Fig. 11 in a position of assemblage and Fig. 13 shows from above a part of the cross piece shown in Fig. 9 and the part shown in Fig. 11 in certain co-operation.
With the reference designation 1 in Figs. 1 and 2 shows an installation or a part of it for holding poultry and in which is included a device 2 for manuring out according to one embodiment of the invention.
The installation 1 can comprise two tiers of stages 3 arranged at a distance from each other and which stages are formed for the poultry to stay on at least at times. The stages 3 in said tiers are supported by frames which in turn can be united with each other. The stages 3 in one tier of stages are preferably
arranged on another level above the foundation for the installation 1 than the stages in the other tier of stages. At this, the frames or tiers of stages 3 are arranged at such a distance from each other which is suitable for hop for the poultry. Each stage 3 is intended to extend the entire length of the frame, i.e. from its one end to its other end. Further, the stages 3 are arranged, at least in one or more parts, to be permeable for manure and other waste. Preferably, the stages 3 are in their entire spreading, except for existing constructive parts, roosts and similar, shaped in such a way that they are permeable for manure and other dirt .
The device 2 can be arranged to an existing installation 1 or be included in an installation which is under construction and comprises a belt 4, a pull device 9 and one, two or more guide devices 10, 10" which parts of the device 2 are intended to be arranged to extend below a stage 3, whereby the belt 4 in its effective position is arranged for collection of manure and other waste falling from or is trodden down through the above situated stage 3. One or more devices 2 can be arranged for each an additional stage 3 or for all stages 3.
According to the embodiment shown the device 2 also comprise a drum 18 or similar linking devices over which the belt 4 runs and in manuring out said drum is brought by the belt to rotation around an axis or corresponding. Further, a wheel 19 or corresponding, as a cog-wheel if the pull device 9 is a chain, in or against which the pull device 9 lie. The pull device 9 is driven via the wheel 19 in manuring out and when the belt 4 returns to its effective position. The device 2 comprises, in applicable cases, also a cleaning device 14 which is arranged in connection with the said drum 18 and which cleaning device is intended for removing or at least to facilitate a removal of manure from the belt 4 in manuring out and the device comprises a driving unit as well in which a motor 21 with a shaft 31 can be included. The said wheel 19 is arranged at one end of the installation 1 or the frame or in a supporting device 30 arranged to one end of
the frame, see also Fig. 3. The said drum 18 is arranged or arranged in bearings in the second end of the installation 1 or the frame, for example to posts 22 including in the frame.
The belt 4 consists of preferably a suitable plastic material and is arranged in its effective position to extend below the stage 3 in its entire length for collection of manure from the stage. Preferably, the belt 4 reaches also over a part of the drum 18 and according to the emodiment example past a scraper or corresponding shown by the cleaning device 14 which scraper lies against the belt 4 in its width and therefore the length of the belt 4 is essentially-as long as the stage 3 or somewhat longer as the mantle surface of the drum 18 moreover extends partly outside the end part 17 of the stage 3 or the end of the frame. The belt 4 shows a first side surface 5 which in said effective position of the belt 4 is turned towards the stage 3 and a second side surfape 6 which in the effective position of the belt 4 is turned away from the stage 3 and arranged to lie against the drum 18 and to run over the drum in manuring out and in return of the belt 4 to its effective position. Further, the belt 4 shows a first end portion 7 and a second end portion 8.
The pull device 9 can consist of a chain, cable, chain-cable or a corresponding pull device and the said wheel 19 of a co-operative device as a sprocket-wheel, cable guide pulley, etc. Further, the pull device 9 shows a first end 11 which is arranged to the first end portion 7 of the belt 4 and a second end 12 which is arranged to a second end portion 8 of the belt 4, see also Fig. 4. According to a preferred embodiment of the device 2 the said ends 11, 12 of the pull device 9 are arranged midway between the side-edges of the belt 4, i.e. in the symmetric-line of the belt in order to ensure a straightforward conveyance of the belt in its intended direction of movement, i.e. without oblique-draw of the belt.
Each end of the belt 4 can be provided with a reinforcement device 40, for example in form of a curved sheet-metal covering running around the end edge of the belt. Respective end 11, 12 of the pull device 9 can be arranged into or through the rein- forcement devices 40. The reinforcement devices 40 can also in removal of the belt 4, as when manuring out, function as a kind of plough device to facilitate the conveyance of the belt. The belt 4 and the pull device 9 compose an endless element which is arranged to run over the drum 18 and the wheel 19 respectively, when the belt 4 is moving, for example in manuring out.
For the pull device 9 is arranged at least one guide device 10 which works as a ruler in order to guide the pull device 9 in intended direction and by that also the belt 4 in intended direction of movement without oblique-draw. If the pull device 9 consists of a chain or corresponding the guide device 10 can consist of a channel 32 as a guiding means for the pull device 9 and in which the pull device will run during guidance in order to prevent sideways movements, see also Figs. 5 and 6. According to one embodiment the channel 32 consists of one or more joined profiles 34 of, for example, bent sheet-metal, shaped to a groove or essentially U-form, showing a bottom 37 against which the pull device 9 is resting and will run and further showing laterally limiting elements 38 or shanks to prevent the pull device 9 from movements sideways so that the pull device is held in intended direction of running.
A guide device 10 is arranged roughly on a level with the belt 4 in its effective position and directly under the belt symmetric- ally lengthwise the belt and substantially in full length of the stage 3 or along that distance which the pull device 9 is going to run in manuring out. A second guide device 10' can be arranged in the same way below the first guide device 10 and which receives the pull device 9 when the belt 4 is in its effective position.
Of course, it is possible within the scope of the consept of the invention to arrange two or more parallelly extending pull devices 9 to each belt 4 and arranged at a distance from one another and divided amongst themselves along the width of the belt 4 in such a way that the draw of the belt is going to be straightforward and the intended. Possibly at this, an improved draw and pulling of the belt 4 can be obtained but as can be understood it is needed in this case i.a. double equipment of pull devices 9, guide devices 10, 10' and wheels 19 with accompanying costs.
According to the examples shown in Figs. 7 and 8 each frame can comprise at a distance from one another and after one another in pairs arranged posts 22. The posts 22 arranged after one another are connected by elements 23 which thus extend along respective long side of the frames and the in pairs arranged posts 22 in each frame are connected by cross bars 26 which also can be arranged to extend and be fasten to the adjacent frame when the frames are arranged in pairs. Further, the frames show cross pieces 27 which are arranged to extend between and through the elements 23 situated on the same level in respective frame, i.e. extend across the longitudinal direction of the installation 1 or frame. The cross pieces 27 are arranged to form a base for the belt 4 in at least its effective position or to form bear means for supporting means for the belt 4. The supporting means can consist of bars resting on the cross pieces 27 and extending in the longitudinal direction of the frame, strip-shaped elements or the like. It is essential, particularly in additional embodiments of the device 2 in accordance with the invention and which will be evident below, that the cross pieces 27 are arranged fasten with a centering in their said extending across the frame and show prefabricated points of attachment 44 for i.a. this purpose.
Said cross bars 26 and cross pieces 27 can, according to the embodiment example shown, be utilized as base and bearer of the guide devices 10, 10' and by that also of the pull device 9. As
is evident from Figs. 7 and 8 the cross bars 26 and the cross pieces 27 show engagement devices 28 and 29 respectively for receiving and fasten of guide devices 10. According to the embodiment examples shown, the engagement devices 28, 29 consist of recesses which are arranged midway between the ends of the cross bars 26 and the cross pieces 27 or midway between beforehand settled points of attachment 44. Owing to this, it is ensured, in mounting of the guide devices 10, 10' in the installation 1, that existing pull devices 9 will run in the intended running direction and by that the belt 4 be drawn in intended direction of movement.
The engagement devices 28, 29 can instead, for example, consist of holes 39 or openings through the material, see Fig. 9, also in order to ensure the intended longitudinally extending of the guide devices 10, 10' in the installation 1, whereby the guide devices 10, 10' show fastening means 42 (see also Fig. 12) in form of flaps or corresponding which can be introduced through said holes 39 for fasten of the guide devices 10, 10' to the cross bars 26 and/or cross pieces 27. The cross bars 26 can be shaped with a folded edge part, have a part with double walls, be in form of a profile or similar and in which parts or corresponding parts of material the said holes 39 or openings can be arranged.
The element 23 shown in Fig. 8 is also arranged to support the stages 3 and shows a free edge 24 against which the stage 3 rests. Further, the element 23 can show folds, a protrusion 25 or corresponding projecting in the direction towards the frame and which protrusion or corresponding runs along the length of the element 23 and under which the longitudinally edge portions of the belt 4 extend.
The said protrusion 25 shown by the element 23 constitute a form of holding device 35 for the belt 4 and can prevent the belt from rising. Further, the upper side 45 of the holding device 35 directs manure, falling down from above, towards the belt 4.
It can be considered that it already exists a guiding of the belt 4 by the presence of the elements 23 in the installation 1 according to the embodiment example as the belt 4 in its effective position is arranged between the elements 23 and in manuring 5 out is conveyed between the elements 23. It is desirable that all manure is catched by the belt 4 and therefore width of the belt 4 is necessary at the same time as the belt 4 ought to be moved with sufficiently clearance to the elements 23 in order to reduce the risk for the fact that the belt 4 by seizing, oblique- ιo draw, etc. will cause interuption of the service, unnecessary wear of the belt 4 or its edges, etc. Said risks and any inconveniences that may arise are eliminated by utilizing the pull devices 9 and guide devices 10 according to any of the said and shown embodiments of the device 2.
15
Thus, guide elements 33 can be arranged beside the longitudinal edges of the belt 4 and in the length of the stage 3 and which are shaped for guiding of the belt 4 or for guiding of the belt 4 together with the said and shown pull device 9 and guide device
20 10, see Fig. 10. The guide elements 33 can consist of supporting sheet elements 23 or similar. In the length of the guide elements is shaped a groove 36 in which the respective edge part of the belt 4 extends and in manuring out runs. In applicable cases, the end parts of the reinforcement device 40 are arranged to be situ-
25 ated in the groove 36. In tests, the end parts of the reinforcement device 40 were arranged on one hand with small wheels or rollers on the other with collector-shoes of Teflon and which devices were permitted to run on and against the walls of the groove 36. The tests gave satisfaction.
30
In another embodiment of the channel 32 or the profile 34 for the guide devices 10, the bottom 37 of the channel 32 is provided with one or more punchings 41 through the material, see Fig. 11. The punchings 41 are intended to form fastening means 3542, for example in form of from the profile 34 foldable flaps, see also Fig. 12. The fastening devices 42 are shaped for engagement with a base for the guide devices 10 as engagement in
holes 39 arranged in, for example, the cross bars 26 and the cross pieces 27 or are introduced in said holes 39 and are bent for locking in said base.
Further, punchings of the material in the bottom 37 of the channel 32 or the profile 34 can be done for producing openings 43 which are situated beside or between the cross pieces 27, see Fig. 13. Through said openings 43 in the channel 32 collected waste can fall out of the channel 32 when the pull device 9 is brought to run in the guide device 10. The pull device 9 itself will at least to some extent clear the channel 32 from waste but such waste is admitted to be eliminated easier from the channel - 32 by the existence of the openings 43.
At manuring out the belt 4 is in its effective position, whereby the first side 5 of the belt 4 is turned towards the above located stage 3 and its first end portion 7 is located in connection with a first end part 16 shown by the stage 3 and its second end portion 8 in connection with a second end part 17 shown by the stage 3 and preferably extending on the lateral area of the drum 18 and past the cleaning device 14. In manuring out the belt 4 is brought to movement in the installation 1 in one direction, see the arrow 15 in Fig. 3, whereby the belt 4 is drawn over the drum 18 by means of the pull device 9 by the attachment of its second end 12 in the second end portion 8 of the belt 4 during passing of the cleaning device 14, see also, for example, Fig. 2. The movement or the said draw of the belt 4 is carried out until that the first end portion 7 of the belt 4 is situated in connection with the second end part 17 of the stage 3, whereby the second end portion 8 of the belt 4 is situated in connection with the first end part 16 of the stage 3 and its second side 6 is turned towards the stage 3. The pull device 9 has during this operation passed with contact or engagement with the wheel or trundle 19 in substantially its length and during guiding by a guide device 10 or, in applicable cases, two guide devices 10 if guide devices 10 are arranged both on level for the effective position for the belt 4 and its position
after the passing of the cleaning device 14 or drum 18.
After manuring out the belt 4 is brought to return to the original, effective position by movement in opposite direction, see the arrow 20 in Fig. 3, whereby the belt 4 is drawn over the drum 18 by means of the pull device 9 by the attachment of its first end 11 to the first end portion 7 of the belt 4. The said length of the pull device 9 passes again the wheel or trundle 19 and during guiding by means of guide devices 10.
The pull device 9 and by that the belt 4 are driven via the wheel or trundle 19 by a driving unit which preferably comprises a motor, as an electric motor 21. If more belts 4 are arranged into the installation 1 the driving unit and the motor 21 are preferably arranged to operate all the belt's 4 movement in a simultaneous manuring out.
Without exceeding the scope of the concept of the invention, modifications of the method and device according to the invent- ion should be possible. Thus, the method and device can be used in installations for egg production or holding poultry where the installation shows another shaping than that according to the embodiment example, as in installations where the stages are connected to one another in form of stairs or similar, in cage systems and cage batteries but also in other kind of installations, as in animal stalls. Further, the cleaning device 14 can be shaped and arranged in order to clean the belt 4 from manure and other waste or remaining manure and waste also in its return to the effective position after manuring out. The said channel 32 or profile 34 for the pull device 9 can consist of one or more with one another joined profiles showing U-form with only shanks and rib. The method and device are thus not restricted to what has been evident in the embodiment shown and described but soley by the claims hereinafter.