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WO2003025391A1 - Subdivision de la surface d'un parc eolien - Google Patents

Subdivision de la surface d'un parc eolien Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003025391A1
WO2003025391A1 PCT/EP2002/009802 EP0209802W WO03025391A1 WO 2003025391 A1 WO2003025391 A1 WO 2003025391A1 EP 0209802 W EP0209802 W EP 0209802W WO 03025391 A1 WO03025391 A1 WO 03025391A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind
segment
transformer
network
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2002/009802
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jin Shen
Thomas Grieser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Publication of WO2003025391A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003025391A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
    • F03D9/257—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor the wind motor being part of a wind farm
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wind farm system according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such a wind farm system is preferably used in the generation of electrical energy with the aid of wind turbines.
  • wind farm systems are known in which the entire site is divided into individual areas. A wind turbine is arranged on each of these surfaces. These areas are dimensioned so that a prescribed minimum distance between immediately adjacent wind turbines is maintained.
  • the electrical networks of these wind farm installations are entirely or partially constructed in a tree and / or ring structure. The lines of these networks are dimensioned according to the maximum current of all wind power generators. They are therefore oversized over a large part of their length.
  • the electrical networks, including their connections to a network are designed as three-phase AC systems. The distances between the wind farm facilities and the interconnected networks into which the energy is to be fed are becoming ever greater. However, three-phase AC systems have considerable electrical losses, especially at long distances.
  • the generators used to form the wind turbines usually have an output voltage of 690V. A transformer is therefore connected downstream of each electrical output of such a generator.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of demonstrating a wind farm installation in which the available area is used optimally and the electrical network is designed such that a maximum of electrical energy can be fed into a network with a minimum of components.
  • the wind farm is divided into areas which are designed as regular rectangles or hexagons.
  • the dimensions of all rectangular or hexagonal surfaces are the same size.
  • a wind turbine is arranged in the center of each surface.
  • Each wind turbine is provided with a rotor, which is formed by a rotatable drive shaft, on which several blades are attached at a distance all around.
  • the smallest distance from the center of a surface to the center of all immediately adjacent surfaces corresponds to 5 to 15 times the diameter of such a rotor.
  • the diameter of the rotor corresponds to the diameter of a circle that the free ends of the wings describe.
  • a defined number of these areas is combined into a segment. Preferably, seven hexagonal areas or nine rectangular areas are combined to form a segment. With this arrangement, better utilization of the wind farm facility is possible.
  • each of these segments has a star-shaped structure, and a wind turbine is always arranged in the center of each segment. The outer wind turbines can then be connected in a star shape with this wind turbine. If a line is interrupted within one of these segments, only the electrical energy supplied by a wind turbine fails. This means that the wind farm has high availability.
  • electrical lines can be used, the cross-sections of which are substantially smaller than comparable electrical lines in known wind farm systems.
  • the amount of electrical energy that can be transported through the lines of the wind farm installation according to the invention is not less than in known devices of this type.
  • the same number of wind turbines is installed on rectangular surfaces 13% less space is required.
  • more electrical power can be obtained per square meter.
  • a transformer for each wind turbine is not required because the wind turbines are connected to electrical generators that deliver an output voltage up to 25kV.
  • direct current technology is also used in order to minimize transmission losses and to improve the quality of the electricity.
  • the star structure of the segments also enables exact dimensioning of all operational medium, avoids oversizing and minimizes costs.
  • the spatial subdivision of the wind farm in combination with a star-shaped connection of the wind turbines also minimizes the transmission losses, since only short cable routes on the lower voltage levels and high voltages are required for the large outputs to be transmitted.
  • 1 is a wind farm, which is divided into hexagonal areas
  • FIG. 5 shows a variant of the networking shown in FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 11 shows a variant of the electrical connection of a wind farm installation to a network shown in FIG. 10,
  • FIG. 12 shows a further electrical connection of a wind farm to a network.
  • FIG. 1 shows a wind farm installation 1 with a plurality of schematically illustrated wind turbines 2.
  • the entire surface of the wind farm installation 1 is divided into seven hexagonal surfaces 3, which are combined to form a segment 4.
  • a wind turbine 2 is arranged in the center of each surface 3.
  • the vertical distance between two immediately adjacent wind turbines 2 is selected such that it corresponds to 5 to 15 times the rotor diameter d R of a wind turbine 2.
  • Each wind turbine is provided with a rotor (not shown here), which is formed by a rotatable drive shaft, on which several blades of equal length are attached all around at a defined distance. All wind turbines 2 are the same size.
  • the size of each segment 4 is determined by the size of the seven times the area F.
  • the wind farm 1 in Aonang ⁇ g ⁇ e ⁇ t be divided into a corresponding number of segments 6 from the total area available.
  • a wind farm installation 1 with four segments 4 is shown schematically in FIG. 3.
  • Six wind turbines 2 of each segment 4 are connected to the centrally arranged seventh wind turbine 2 via electrical lines 8.
  • the electrical output of each central wind turbine 2 of each segment 4 is connected to a transformer 10.
  • a defined number, as shown, in each case four transformers 10 are electrically connected to a further transformer 11 in order to achieve a higher voltage level for energy transmission over long distances.
  • FIG. 4 shows a wind farm installation 1 with four segments 6, each of which comprises nine wind turbines 2.
  • eight wind turbines 2 of each segment 6 are connected to the centrally arranged wind turbine 2 of each segment 6.
  • the electrical outputs of the centrally arranged wind turbines 2 are each connected to a transformer 10 in the same field.
  • a defined number of transformers 10 can also be connected to a further transformer 11 in order to achieve a higher voltage level for energy transmission over long distances.
  • each segment 4, 6, the six or eight external wind turbines 2 of a segment 4, 6 with the respective central wind turbine 2 of the associated segment 4, 6 e - be connected electrically.
  • Each central wind turbine 2 of a segment 4, 6 is followed by a transformer 10.
  • the transformers 10 three of these segments 4, 6 are electrically conductively connected to the transformer 10 of the fourth segment 4, 6. If necessary, this fourth transformer 10 can be connected to a transformer 11 (not shown here), as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 and explained in the associated descriptions.
  • Fig. 7 shows a wind farm 1 with 91 wind turbines 2, which are arranged on the hexagonal surfaces of 13 segments 4, 40.
  • the six external wind turbines 2 of a segment 4 are connected to the centrally located wind turbine 2 of this segment 4 via electrical lines 8.
  • the centrally located wind turbines 2 of the segment 4 are connected to a transformer 100 via a transformer 10. This is connected downstream of a transformer 10 of a wind turbine 2, which is arranged in a central segment 40, which is surrounded by six segments 4.
  • the wind turbines 2 of five further segments 4, 40 are electrically connected in the same way.
  • the wind turbine 2 of the second segment 40 is followed by a transformer 10, which is also in electrical connection with the transformer 100.
  • the voltage is transformed to such an extent that the electrical energy of the wind farm installation 1 can be fed into a network (not shown here) as efficiently as possible.
  • the geographical arrangement of the transformer 100 within the wind farm installation 1 can vary based on the local conditions.
  • FIG. 8 shows a wind farm system 1 with 108 wind turbines 2, which are distributed over rectangular areas 5 of 12 segments 6, 60.
  • the wind turbines 2 are interconnected according to the same scheme as the wind turbines 2 shown in FIG. 7 and explained in the associated description.
  • FIG. 9 shows the electrical connection of the wind turbines 2 of segments 4, 6, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and explained in the associated descriptions. In the embodiment shown here, however, only two of the seven or nine wind turbines 2 of a segment 4, 6 are shown.
  • the drive of each wind turbine 2 is mechanically connected to a generator 12, which supplies a three-phase AC voltage from 0.69 kV to 25KV.
  • the output of each generator 12 is connected to a rectifier 13.
  • the outputs of the rectifiers 13, which belong to the seven or nine wind turbines 2 of each segment 4, 6, are connected in parallel and connected to a common DC voltage converter 14 connected, the output of which provides a DC voltage between 10kV and 150kV.
  • the DC-DC converter 14 corresponds to the transformers 10 shown in FIGS. 3 to 6.
  • All the DC-DC converters 14 are connected to a network coupling point of a network 18 via a common transmission line 15 for high-voltage DC.
  • An inverter 16 is connected upstream of this.
  • a transformer 17 can also be connected between this inverter 16 and the network coupling point of the interconnected network 18 if this is technically necessary.
  • FIGS. 10 also shows the electrical connection of wind turbines 2 of two segments 4, 6, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and explained in the associated descriptions. In the embodiment shown here, however, only two of the seven or nine wind turbines 2 of a segment 4, 6 are shown.
  • the drive of each wind turbine 2 is mechanically connected to a generator 12, which supplies a three-phase AC voltage between 0.69kV and 25KV.
  • the output of each generator 12 is connected to a rectifier 13.
  • the rectifiers 13 of seven or nine wind turbines of each segment 4, 6 are connected to an inverter 19 which is followed by a transformer 10.
  • the transformers 10 correspond to the transformers 10 shown in FIGS. 3 to 6.
  • the inverters 19, like the transformers 10, are installed in the vicinity of the respective central wind turbine 2 of each segment 4, 6. All transformers 10 are connected in parallel and connected via long three-phase lines 23 to a distant transformer 22, the output of which is connected to a network coupling point of a network 18.
  • FIG. 11 shows the transmission of the electrical energy from the wind turbines 2 to a network coupling point of a network 18 in the form of three-phase current.
  • a network coupling point of a network 18 in the form of three-phase current.
  • the outputs of the generators 12 of the wind turbines 2 of a segment 4, 6 are connected to a transformer 10, with the aid of which the output voltages of the generators 12 can be transformed from 0.69kV to 25KV to a higher voltage of, for example, 10kV to 150 kV.
  • All Transformers 10 are connected via three-phase AC voltage lines 21 to a further transformer 22, with the aid of which the voltage present at its input is increased to, for example, 100 kV to 500 kV and forwarded via three-phase lines 23 to a network coupling point of a network 18.
  • a transformer 10 is assigned to each segment 4, 6 and transforms the output voltages of the generators 12 to a higher voltage of 10 kV to 150 kV.
  • the transformers 10 of all segments 4, 6 are connected to a rectifier 13, with which the AC voltages of the transformers 10 are converted into a higher DC voltage of 40 kV to 500 kV.
  • a transmission line for high-voltage direct current 15 which is connected to the output of the rectifier 13, the electrical energy is conducted to a distant inverter 16, which is connected to the network coupling point of a network 18.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une installation de parc éolien (1) comprenant plusieurs turbines éoliennes (2) qui sont reliées à des générateurs électriques (12) dont les tensions de sortie électriques sont injectées dans un réseau d'interconnexion (18). Dans le cas des installations de parc éolien (1) actuelles, les réseaux électriques ont une structure complètement ou partiellement arborescente et/ou annulaire. Les câbles électriques (8, 15, 21 et 23) sont dimensionnés d'après le courant maximal de tous les générateurs (12) et sont donc surdimensionnés. L'installation de parc éolien selon l'invention, est subdivisée en surfaces rectangulaires ou hexagonales (3, 5) qui sont réunies à des segments (4, 6) ayant une structure en étoile. Une turbine éolienne (2) est respectivement installée au centre de ces surfaces (3, 5). Les tensions alternatives délivrées par les générateurs (12) des segments (4, 6) sont converties en tensions continues et cédées à un onduleur (16) par une ligne commune de transmission de courant continu haute tension (15). Cet onduleur est relié à un point de couplage réseau d'un réseau d'interconnexion (18). Les sorties de tension alternative de tous les générateurs (12) de chaque segment (4, 6) peuvent également être reliées à un transformateur (10). Tous les transformateurs (10) de tous les segments (4, 6) sont, en l'occurrence, reliés à un redresseur (13) dont la tension de sortie est cédée à un onduleur (16) qui est relié à un point de couplage réseau d'un réseau d'interconnexion (18).
PCT/EP2002/009802 2001-09-14 2002-09-03 Subdivision de la surface d'un parc eolien Ceased WO2003025391A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10145346.9 2001-09-14
DE10145346A DE10145346A1 (de) 2001-09-14 2001-09-14 Windparkanlage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003025391A1 true WO2003025391A1 (fr) 2003-03-27

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PCT/EP2002/009802 Ceased WO2003025391A1 (fr) 2001-09-14 2002-09-03 Subdivision de la surface d'un parc eolien

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DE (1) DE10145346A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003025391A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009003508A1 (fr) * 2007-06-29 2009-01-08 Abb Research Ltd Appareil de commutation pour une turbine d'éolienne et système de disposition de connexions électriques dans un parc éolien
EP2302211A1 (fr) * 2009-09-23 2011-03-30 BARD Holding GmbH Parc éolien, notamment parc éolien en pleine mer
EP2341594A1 (fr) * 2009-12-29 2011-07-06 Converteam Technology Ltd Systèmes de transmission et de collecte d'alimentation
CN102506012A (zh) * 2011-11-09 2012-06-20 汪砚秋 锚泊半潜连体底座海上风力发电机组
US20120175962A1 (en) * 2011-01-11 2012-07-12 Converteam Technology Ltd. Power Collection and Transmission Systems
CN102623986A (zh) * 2011-01-28 2012-08-01 科孚德机电技术有限公司 电力采集和传输系统
US8415817B2 (en) 2006-10-17 2013-04-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Wind farm
ES2532295A1 (es) * 2013-09-24 2015-03-25 Clemencio MARTÍNEZ GARCÍA Parque eólico
US10615608B2 (en) 2017-04-07 2020-04-07 General Electric Company Low-wind operation of clustered doubly fed induction generator wind turbines

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012215422A1 (de) * 2012-08-30 2014-03-06 Wobben Properties Gmbh Windpark

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DE19805667A1 (de) * 1998-02-12 1999-08-26 Meyer Anlage für ein versorgungssicheres Windenergie-Stromnetzsystem
DE19851572A1 (de) * 1998-08-05 2000-05-11 Kuo Mei Shong Stromversorgungsnetz zum Sammeln von verteilten Leistungen
WO2000074198A1 (fr) * 1999-05-28 2000-12-07 Abb Ab Installation de production de courant par l'energie eolienne
EP1106825A2 (fr) * 1999-12-07 2001-06-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Eolienne
WO2001048892A1 (fr) * 1999-12-23 2001-07-05 Abb Ab Utilisation d'un conducteur isolant de courant continu a haute tension
WO2001052379A2 (fr) * 1999-12-23 2001-07-19 Abb Ab Ssteme d'energie electrique base sur des sources d'energie renouvelables

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DE19620906C2 (de) * 1996-05-24 2000-02-10 Siemens Ag Windenergiepark
DE19748479C1 (de) * 1997-11-03 1999-04-15 Aloys Wobben Pulswechselrichter mit variabler Pulsfrequenz und Windenergieanlage mit einem Pulswechselrichter
DE19853464C1 (de) * 1998-11-19 2000-04-13 Siemens Ag Windenergieanlage
DE19861015A1 (de) * 1998-12-30 2000-07-06 Frisia Steuerungen Gmbh Anordnung zur Einspeisung von elektrischem Strom in ein 3-phasiges Stromnetz
DE19926553B4 (de) * 1999-06-11 2005-09-22 Wobben, Aloys, Dipl.-Ing. Windparkbetrieb
DE19948196A1 (de) * 1999-10-06 2001-05-17 Aloys Wobben Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Windparks
DE20001864U1 (de) * 2000-02-03 2000-04-20 Siemens AG, 80333 München Windradgruppe mit zumindest zwei Windrädern

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19805667A1 (de) * 1998-02-12 1999-08-26 Meyer Anlage für ein versorgungssicheres Windenergie-Stromnetzsystem
DE19851572A1 (de) * 1998-08-05 2000-05-11 Kuo Mei Shong Stromversorgungsnetz zum Sammeln von verteilten Leistungen
WO2000074198A1 (fr) * 1999-05-28 2000-12-07 Abb Ab Installation de production de courant par l'energie eolienne
EP1106825A2 (fr) * 1999-12-07 2001-06-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Eolienne
WO2001048892A1 (fr) * 1999-12-23 2001-07-05 Abb Ab Utilisation d'un conducteur isolant de courant continu a haute tension
WO2001052379A2 (fr) * 1999-12-23 2001-07-19 Abb Ab Ssteme d'energie electrique base sur des sources d'energie renouvelables

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PERNPEINTNER R: "OFFSHORE SITING OF LARGE WIND ENERGY CONVERTER SYSTEMS IN THE GERMAN NORTH SEA AND BALTIC REGIONS", MODERN POWER SYSTEMS, WILMINGTON PUBLISHING, WILMINGTON, GB, vol. 4, no. 6, June 1984 (1984-06-01), pages 33 - 40, XP001014353, ISSN: 0260-7840 *

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8415817B2 (en) 2006-10-17 2013-04-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Wind farm
WO2009003508A1 (fr) * 2007-06-29 2009-01-08 Abb Research Ltd Appareil de commutation pour une turbine d'éolienne et système de disposition de connexions électriques dans un parc éolien
EP2302211A1 (fr) * 2009-09-23 2011-03-30 BARD Holding GmbH Parc éolien, notamment parc éolien en pleine mer
EP2302211B1 (fr) 2009-09-23 2016-01-27 BARD Holding GmbH Parc éolien, notamment parc éolien en pleine mer
EP2341594A1 (fr) * 2009-12-29 2011-07-06 Converteam Technology Ltd Systèmes de transmission et de collecte d'alimentation
US20120175962A1 (en) * 2011-01-11 2012-07-12 Converteam Technology Ltd. Power Collection and Transmission Systems
CN102623986A (zh) * 2011-01-28 2012-08-01 科孚德机电技术有限公司 电力采集和传输系统
CN102506012A (zh) * 2011-11-09 2012-06-20 汪砚秋 锚泊半潜连体底座海上风力发电机组
ES2532295A1 (es) * 2013-09-24 2015-03-25 Clemencio MARTÍNEZ GARCÍA Parque eólico
US10615608B2 (en) 2017-04-07 2020-04-07 General Electric Company Low-wind operation of clustered doubly fed induction generator wind turbines

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