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WO2003019120A1 - Procede et dispositif pour numeriser directement des signaux hyperfrequences - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour numeriser directement des signaux hyperfrequences Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003019120A1
WO2003019120A1 PCT/EP2002/009293 EP0209293W WO03019120A1 WO 2003019120 A1 WO2003019120 A1 WO 2003019120A1 EP 0209293 W EP0209293 W EP 0209293W WO 03019120 A1 WO03019120 A1 WO 03019120A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
digital values
stored
storage unit
converter
values
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2002/009293
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Laun
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vega Grieshaber KG
Original Assignee
Vega Grieshaber KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10140821A external-priority patent/DE10140821A1/de
Application filed by Vega Grieshaber KG filed Critical Vega Grieshaber KG
Priority to HK05102964.3A priority Critical patent/HK1070417B/xx
Priority to EP02796169A priority patent/EP1419367A1/fr
Priority to AU2002333481A priority patent/AU2002333481B2/en
Publication of WO2003019120A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003019120A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/285—Receivers
    • G01S7/292—Extracting wanted echo-signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
    • G01S13/10—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves
    • G01S13/103—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves particularities of the measurement of the distance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/285—Receivers
    • G01S7/32—Shaping echo pulse signals; Deriving non-pulse signals from echo pulse signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for the direct digitization of microwave signals reflected on a product surface of a product in a container. Furthermore, the invention relates to a level measuring device that works according to the transit time principle and transmits microwave signals.
  • microwave signals are generated by a transmitter in a level measuring device of the type mentioned and are emitted or radiated via an antenna such as a horn, rod or microstrip antenna in the direction of the full material surface to be measured. with the help of a waveguide (rod, cable or rope) to the full goods surface.
  • the microwave signals reflected on the product surface - also generally referred to as echo signals - are fed and scanned via a receiving device, which is mostly identical to the transmitting antenna, or by means of the aforementioned waveguide, to a receiving circuit.
  • the analog values resulting from the scanning are converted into digital values and then made available to an evaluation device.
  • the fill level is determined from the digital values in the evaluation device.
  • microwave signals are used which have a frequency of, for example, 1 to 30 GHz or more. Because of these high frequencies, different analog circuits or components have hitherto been necessary to determine the exact fill level from the microwave signals received.
  • a so-called mixer has hitherto been used, with the aid of which the envelope is "stretched" over time, so that the envelope can be scanned using conventional A / D converters (clock frequencies of about 25 microseconds) with sufficient fineness of the scanning grid (for Achieving sufficient accuracy of the determined level) is possible.
  • microwave pulses are transformed into another frequency and time range in the prior art with the aid of the mixer and associated oscillator.
  • pulses after the time transformation are stretched in time by a factor of 160,000, as a result of which a pulse duration of 1-2 nanoseconds before the transformation corresponds to a pulse duration of approximately 160-320 microseconds after the transformation.
  • These time-stretched pulses are then fed to the A / D converter, which sampled this signal in a sampling grid of approximately 25 microseconds.
  • the A / D converter With a pulse length of 160 microseconds, there are approximately six samples available per pulse. With these values, accuracies of approx. 5 mm can be achieved in the level determination. It should be pointed out that the accuracy of the level determination also depends on the height of the samples per echo pulse, on the steepness of the pulse edges and on the accuracy of the A / D converter.
  • the technical problem on which the invention is based is to provide a method and a device by means of which the number of analog circuit components in devices of the type mentioned can be reduced and thus the disadvantages mentioned above are at least reduced.
  • Another exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention provides that the frequency of the microwave signals reflected on the product surface are stored unchanged in an analog memory unit at a first sampling rate.
  • the stored analog values are then output again at a second rate, which is lower than the first rate, and converted into digital values by means of an A / D converter, which can now have a relatively low sampling rate due to the intermediate storage.
  • These are then stored in a storage unit which can be accessed by an evaluation device for determining the fill level.
  • FISO principle Fast In Slow Out
  • a "normal" A / D converter with a relatively low sampling rate can be used in order to be able to directly digitize the analog values (received microwave signals).
  • a circuit according to the FISO principle which is fundamentally suitable for the specific application, is sold, for example, by the company Tectronix under the name CompuScope 85G. Suitable circuits are also described, for example, in DE 30 13 256 AI, US 5,200,983 and US 5,144,525.
  • a device comprises a receiving circuit into which the reflected microwave signal is to be fed and which is designed to amplify it but leaves its frequency unchanged, an A / D converter connected to the receiving circuit and designed to sample the amplified microwave signal and converts the resulting analog values into digital values, a plurality of intermediate storage devices, each of which is connected to the A / D converter, a final storage unit which is connected to the intermediate storage units, and a control device which ensures that successive digital values are temporarily stored in different intermediate storage devices are, and the temporarily stored digital values are stored in the final storage unit, which are then available to an evaluation device for determining the fill level.
  • a / D converters each connected to the receiving circuit, which are each designed to sample the amplified microwave signal and convert the resulting analog values into digital values.
  • a final storage unit is also provided, which is connected to the A / D converters in order to store the individual digital values.
  • control device which ensures that the individual A / D converters alternately (in the case of more than two A / D converters in series or in succession) sample the amplified microwave signal and convert an analog value into a digital value, and that the individual digital values are stored in the final storage unit, which are then available to an evaluation device for determining the fill level.
  • the invention is based on the idea that for the first time the received ones
  • the digital values are processed and thus evaluated in the usual way. This means that the very high frequencies of the signals to be digitized due to the no longer existing mixer and thus the necessary, very high sampling rates are compensated for by the use of buffers or several A / D converters or combinations of these two alternatives.
  • a / D converter If only one A / D converter is used to digitize the microwave signals or the filling curve determined from them, it is expedient to provide at least two intermediate stores between the A / D converter and the final storage unit which are alternately written digital values.
  • the high frequency of the A / D converter can also be used with conventional memory components such as SRAM or DDR-SRAM, which have cycle times of, for example, 2.5-5 ns. The more buffers are provided, the slower the memory modules used can work.
  • an A / D converter can work alternately for each cycle and the corresponding value can be stored in the final storage unit, so that the sampling rate of the individual A / D converter can be reduced.
  • the A / D converters or individual intermediate storage devices can be connected to a single final storage unit, it is of course also possible to provide individual final storage modules, which in turn are all connected to the evaluation device, that is to say are available for access by the evaluation device.
  • individual final storage modules which in turn are all connected to the evaluation device, that is to say are available for access by the evaluation device.
  • a / D converters which can provide the required high cycle time for sampling the microwave signals at a very high frequency, sometimes require an output of up to five watts, but by commissioning the A / D
  • Operation for a period of 1 ns to 0.5 microseconds and in particular 10 ns to 0.3 microseconds can also be carried out on a 4-20 mA two-wire loop.
  • the periods of time mentioned are sufficient to carry out the required sampling of a microwave signal.
  • a device according to the invention for direct digitizing according to the above explanations can be arranged as a single structural unit spaced apart from the other components of a level measuring device. In particular, however, it is expedient to provide such devices or such a circuit directly in the level measuring device. This is then preferably housed in the housing of the level measuring device.
  • one or more A / D converters are preferably used in combination with buffers for direct digitization.
  • the use of buffers can also be avoided under certain circumstances.
  • the digital output values of the at least one A / D converter would be written directly into an end storage unit which is accessed by an evaluation device.
  • the possible sampling frequency with which the envelope is digitized essentially depends on the speed of the final storage unit.
  • the speed of the available A / D converters is sufficient to achieve the required sampling frequency, but the corresponding number of Digital values must also be able to be written into the storage unit at the appropriate speed.
  • a further alternative embodiment of the invention accordingly provides for using sample values from echo signals received one after the other for an envelope curve. Since the time between the emission of the microwave pulse and the reception of the echo signal reflected on the product surface is measured to determine a fill level, a maximum value is specified for this time, which defines the maximum measuring range of the device. During this time, the A / D converter normally samples the echo signal at equal time intervals. If the fill level is determined from this envelope curve, the next pulse is transmitted, the echo signals are sampled and the fill level is determined from this again. If the samples are now generated so that the times of the
  • the sampling rate can be doubled by shifting the sampling of the second envelope by half a sampling time.
  • two envelopes with the lower sampling rate must be generated. Two cycles are therefore required to determine the fill level.
  • This method can be used when the echo signals change little from cycle to cycle; every change falsifies the composite envelope and thus leads to measurement errors. This method can also triple, quadruple, etc. Using the variant mentioned, direct digitization of the envelopes would also be possible without intermediate storage or the use of several A / D converters.
  • a high sampling rate can be achieved overall by scanning several envelopes, each with a low sampling rate, and at the same time, without interposing buffers, a storage of those coming from the A / D converter Digital values are made in an available final storage unit.
  • the envelope curve used for evaluation, which is finally available in the end storage unit in the form of digital values, is composed here of several envelope curves which were generated in succession and sampled at a "low" frequency by the A / D converter.
  • an exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention for the direct digitization of microwave signals reflected on a product surface of a product in a container includes a receiving circuit into which the reflected microwave signal is to be fed and which is designed to amplify it, but the frequency of which is unchanged leaves. Furthermore, there is at least one analog storage unit in which the amplified, but unchanged frequency analog signals are stored at a first rate. Furthermore, there is at least one A / D converter connected to the analog storage unit, which reads the analog values at a second rate, which is lower than the first rate, and converts them into digital values. The digital values are then to be stored in a final storage unit which is connected to the A / D converter.
  • Control device ensures that the received and possibly amplified microwave signals are read in analog form and stored in the analog storage unit at a high sampling rate. This or another control unit then also ensures that the analog signals are read out of the memory at a low rate and converted into digital values by the A / D converter and then stored in the memory device, which the evaluation device can then access.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a container with level measuring device
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the electronic components of a level measuring device according to a first embodiment of the
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail of the embodiment of FIG. 2 and associated
  • Fig. 5 shows a detail of the embodiment of FIG. 4 and associated
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of the electronic components of a
  • 9 shows a representation of a monopulse and 10 shows a variant of a method according to the invention for the direct digitization of a plurality of envelopes to generate a digital envelope which is accessed by an evaluation device for determining the fill level.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a device according to a further aspect of the invention based on the FISO principle
  • a fill level measuring device 2 is installed in the ceiling area of a container 1 and consists of an electronic unit 3 and a home antenna 4.
  • the fill level measuring device 2 is connected via a two-wire loop 9 to a remote control station or the like. Via the two-wire loop 9, which in particular as a 4-20 mA
  • microwave pulses are generated and emitted via the antenna 4 in the direction of the bulk material 7 located in the container 1.
  • the microwave pulses 5 are reflected on the bulk material surface 8 and are picked up again by the antenna 4 as an echo signal 6.
  • the microwave pulse is generated in a pulse generator 10 and via a circulator 11 or via a directional coupler to the home antenna 4 and radiated from there.
  • the received echo signal is in turn forwarded via the circulator 11 or directional coupler to a preamplifier 12, which serves to amplify the received microwave signal.
  • a mixer 19 is connected downstream of the preamplifier 12 and is in turn connected to a local oscillator 20.
  • the received echo signal is mixed with the fixed frequency signal of the local oscillator 20 in order to convert the echo signal into a lower frequency range (in particular kHz range).
  • a time expansion of the received echo signal is achieved by suitable tuning of the oscillators 10 and 20; for further details, reference is made, for example, to DE 31 07 444 C2.
  • An envelope curve 22 according to FIG. 8 is formed by the low-pass filter 13.
  • a logarithmic or controllable amplifier can be provided in front of the A / D converter 14.
  • a signal processing or evaluation device 18 accesses this memory, which is not detailed here since it corresponds to the prior art.
  • a controller 15 takes over the starting of the A / D converter 14 and the transfer of the converted values into the memory 16. Alternatively, the controller 15 or the pulse generator 10 can specify the start time of the pulse generation and thus the start of the measurement process.
  • components 14, 15, 17 and 18 are mostly components of a microprocessor or of such a microprocessor be carried out. If pulse packets are used as transmission pulses, a rectifier must be provided before any logarithmization of the signal.
  • the mixer 19 and the associated local oscillator 20 are omitted; see Fig. 2.
  • the A / D converter 14 and the associated memory 17 are designed according to FIG. the A / D converter 14 accesses the "unstretched" echo signal.
  • the A / D converter 14 is equipped with several
  • Intermediate memories 16a, 16b are connected, which in turn are connected to the final storage unit 17 comprising a plurality of memory modules 17a, 17b.
  • the final storage unit 17 individually for each buffer store 16a, 16b, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the intermediate memory 16b is available for storing the next data value.
  • the stored value has already been written from the intermediate memory 16a into the final memory 17, so that the intermediate memory 16a is now available again for the third data value.
  • all data values are then present in the final storage unit 17 or 17a, 17b. If individual final storage units 17a, 17b are present, then the first, third and fifth data values etc. are stored in the storage unit 17a and the second, fourth and sixth data values etc. are stored in the storage unit 17b. Both final storage units 17a, 17b are in turn available for the evaluation device 18.
  • the circulator or directional coupler 11 is dispensed with in the alternative according to FIG. 4.
  • the use of a monopulse 23 according to FIG Low-pass filter 13 and any rectification in the preamplifier 12 are dispensed with.
  • the combination of an A / D converter 14 and an end storage unit 17 corresponds to that according to FIG. 3.
  • Using two or more A / D converters can increase the sampling rate.
  • the two A / D converters 14a and 14b are each connected to an end storage unit 17a and 17b.
  • the first value of the echo signal is recorded in the A / D converter 14a and stored in the final storage unit 17a.
  • the next value is converted by the A / D converter 14b and stored in the associated final storage unit 17b.
  • the next value of the echo signal is then converted again by the first A / D converter 14a. While the digitization of a value takes place in an A / D converter 14a, 14b, the storage is carried out in the other "branch", so that the other A / D converter is available again for the next cycle.
  • FIG. 10 A further alternative embodiment of a method according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. 10.
  • a first envelope 24 is sampled by a single A / D converter at a predetermined sampling rate, i.e. the corresponding analog values are converted into digital values without time stretching as is otherwise customary in the prior art.
  • These digital values are then stored directly, preferably without a buffer, in a final storage unit, not shown here.
  • the further envelope 25 generated from a further reflected microwave signal is at the same sampling rate as the first
  • Envelope scanned but the clocks when scanning the first envelope 24 and the second envelope 25 are offset from each other, here by half a sampling time. These immediately digitized values of the second envelope are also written into the final storage unit. This means that there are now enough digital values in the final storage unit, by combining the two envelopes 24, 25 generated one after the other represent a common envelope curve, from which the fill level is then determined by the evaluation device. By repeatedly scanning different envelopes, which are then stored in digital form for a single envelope for the evaluation device, it is possible to carry out direct digitization at a low frequency, which allows storage directly in an end storage unit, which the evaluation device can then access.
  • FIG. 11 Another exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in a schematic representation in FIG. 11. This embodiment differs from the device shown, for example, in FIG. 1 in that now no A / D converter with a high sampling rate is used, but rather an A / D converter 14 with a low sampling rate.
  • the use of an A / D converter 14 with a low sampling rate is possible in that an analog storage unit 30 is connected in front of the A D converter 14, which allows the one received and possibly under certain circumstances to be received by the receiving circuit 11, 12, 13 amplified microwave signal in analog form can be read into the memory 30 and stored at a very high sampling rate. It is then possible to read from this analog memory unit 30 at a low rate by the A / D converter 14. Reading in an envelope is thus divided into two steps. By means of a controller 13, the received
  • this can then be accessed by the signal processor 18 for determining the fill level.
  • An analog storage unit 30 can be constructed, for example, in accordance with the aforementioned CompuScope 85 G from Tectronix. Suitable circuits are also described in the publications explained above. However, the extremely special intended use is not explained there.
  • Container 23 monopulse level meter 24 first envelope housing with electronics 25 second envelope horn antenna 26 - emitted microwave pulse 27 - reflected microwave pulse 28 - bulk material 29 - bulk material surface 30 analog storage unit 4-20 mA two-wire loop oscillator circulator preamplifier low-pass filter A / D converter a A / D converter b A / D converter control a buffer memory b buffer memory unit a final memory module b final memory module evaluation device mixer local oscillator microwave pulse envelope

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour numériser directement des signaux hyperfréquences (6) qui sont réfléchis sur une surface (8) d'un produit de remplissage (7) se trouvant dans un récipient (1). Selon un aspect de cette invention, la fréquence des signaux hyperfréquences (6) réfléchis à la surface (8) du produit de remplissage est constamment balayée et les valeurs analogiques résultantes sont transformées en valeurs numériques, les valeurs numériques successives sont enregistrées dans différentes mémoires temporaires (16a, 16b), puis ces valeurs numériques sont extraites de ces mémoires temporaires (16a, 16b) et sont enregistrées dans une unité de mémoire finale (17; 17a, 17b) à laquelle un dispositif d'analyse (18) peut accéder afin de déterminer les niveaux. Il est également possible d'utiliser plusieurs convertisseurs analogique/numérique.
PCT/EP2002/009293 2001-08-20 2002-08-20 Procede et dispositif pour numeriser directement des signaux hyperfrequences Ceased WO2003019120A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HK05102964.3A HK1070417B (en) 2001-08-20 2002-08-20 Method and device for direct digitization of microwave signals
EP02796169A EP1419367A1 (fr) 2001-08-20 2002-08-20 Procede et dispositif pour numeriser directement des signaux hyperfrequences
AU2002333481A AU2002333481B2 (en) 2001-08-20 2002-08-20 Method and device for direct digitization of microwave signals

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10140821.8 2001-08-20
DE10140821A DE10140821A1 (de) 2001-08-20 2001-08-20 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur direkten Digitalisierung von Mikrowellensignalen
US31527201P 2001-08-28 2001-08-28
US60/315,272 2001-08-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003019120A1 true WO2003019120A1 (fr) 2003-03-06

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PCT/EP2002/009293 Ceased WO2003019120A1 (fr) 2001-08-20 2002-08-20 Procede et dispositif pour numeriser directement des signaux hyperfrequences

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EP (1) EP1419367A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1231746C (fr)
AU (1) AU2002333481B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003019120A1 (fr)

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WO2008031659A1 (fr) 2006-09-13 2008-03-20 Endress+Hauser Gmbh+Co.Kg DISPOSITIF DE DÉtermination et/ou de surveillance d'une grandeur de processus
CN109029633A (zh) * 2017-05-09 2018-12-18 Vega格里沙贝两合公司 具有短测量时间的填充物位雷达

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US8477064B2 (en) * 2010-12-22 2013-07-02 Rosemount Tank Radar Ab Loop-powered field device

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US5841666A (en) * 1995-12-21 1998-11-24 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Processor apparatus and method for a process measurement signal

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US5672975A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-09-30 Rosemount Inc. Two-wire level transmitter
ATE518119T1 (de) * 1999-09-07 2011-08-15 Endress & Hauser Gmbh & Co Kg Vorrichtung zur bestimmung des füllstands eines mediums

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US5841666A (en) * 1995-12-21 1998-11-24 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Processor apparatus and method for a process measurement signal
DE19649838C1 (de) * 1996-12-02 1998-04-02 Forschungsgesellschaft Fuer An Verfahren für die kohärente Radarmessung mittels elektronisch gesteuerter Antennen sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008031659A1 (fr) 2006-09-13 2008-03-20 Endress+Hauser Gmbh+Co.Kg DISPOSITIF DE DÉtermination et/ou de surveillance d'une grandeur de processus
DE102006043809A1 (de) * 2006-09-13 2008-03-27 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung und/oder Überwachung einer Prozessgröße
US8217661B2 (en) 2006-09-13 2012-07-10 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Apparatus for ascertaining and/or monitoring a process variable
CN109029633A (zh) * 2017-05-09 2018-12-18 Vega格里沙贝两合公司 具有短测量时间的填充物位雷达
US10948333B2 (en) 2017-05-09 2021-03-16 Vega Grieshaber Kg Radar level indicator having a short measurement time
CN109029633B (zh) * 2017-05-09 2022-05-24 Vega格里沙贝两合公司 具有短测量时间的填充物位雷达
EP3401651B1 (fr) * 2017-05-09 2022-07-13 VEGA Grieshaber KG Mesure de niveau, mesure de pression ou mesure de débit à temps de mesure court

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CN1231746C (zh) 2005-12-14
AU2002333481B2 (en) 2007-04-26
CN1545615A (zh) 2004-11-10
HK1070417A1 (en) 2005-06-17
EP1419367A1 (fr) 2004-05-19

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