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WO2003013697A1 - Epurateur de fumees - Google Patents

Epurateur de fumees Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003013697A1
WO2003013697A1 PCT/NZ2002/000148 NZ0200148W WO03013697A1 WO 2003013697 A1 WO2003013697 A1 WO 2003013697A1 NZ 0200148 W NZ0200148 W NZ 0200148W WO 03013697 A1 WO03013697 A1 WO 03013697A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gases
chamber
water
duct
spray
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NZ2002/000148
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Roger John Best
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2003013697A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003013697A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/14—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums or brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/40—Sorption with wet devices, e.g. scrubbers

Definitions

  • TITLE Air Cleaning Apparatus.
  • the present invention relates to apparatus for cleaning air, and is particularly suitable for use with a small diameter flues and low gas flow rates, for example, in combination with a domestic fireplace.
  • a domestic fireplace includes both an open fireplace and a domestic log burner.
  • BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION It is a well established practice to use air cleaning apparatus for cleaning industrial flue gases; known apparatus for this purpose includes wet or dry cyclones for trapping and settling particles, either alone or in combination with wet or dry scrubbers and/or filters.
  • apparatus which works well for industrial applications, with large flues and high gas flow rates, is inefficient and impractical for domestic applications, since it cannot be scaled down to work effectively with small flues and low gas flow rates:- typically, a domestic flue has an internal diameter in the range 100-200mm and the gas flow through the flue is of the order of 10 to 50 cubic feet per minute of normal temperature and pressure combustion air.
  • the present invention provides air cleaning apparatus for cleaning flue gases from a domestic fireplace, said apparatus having a housing which is adapted to be attached to the flue and which includes means to induce a swirl to incoming flue gases and to direct the flue gases into a spray chamber within the housing, a water manifold located within the spray chamber and having a plurality of nozzles to supply water in the form of spray and/or fog to mix with the flue gases within the spray chamber, means to direct the mixture of water and flue gases within the spray chamber to means to separate the water from the flue gases, means to direct the flue gases after being separated from the water into a fan chamber a motor-driveable fan located within the fan chamber to draw the flue gases into the fan chamber and to direct the gases to an outlet.
  • the means to impart a swirl to the incoming flue gases comprises an inlet duct to communicate with the flue and having a series of slots to enable gases within the duct to pass through the slots and impinge on angled vanes to enhance the swirl to the gases exiting the duct into the housing in a direction tangential to the longitudinal axis of the duct.
  • the nozzles of the water manifold are formed to direct water spray and/or fog in the direction of the swirl of gases entering the spray chamber.
  • a gas recycling duct communicates the outlet from the fan chamber through a port located in the spray chamber.
  • the port of the gas recycling duct is formed so that gases will enter the spray chamber from the duct in a direction tangential to the wall of the spray chamber.
  • the water manifold includes an outlet located substantially central within the spray chamber and which includes a plurality of nozzles to spray water and/or fog in a plurality of directions within the spray chamber.
  • a mist eliminator is located between the spray chamber and the fan chamber.
  • the fan chamber includes an outlet adapted to communicate with ambient air through a filter means.
  • the housing includes an outlet to discharge water that has entered the spray chamber through the water manifold.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal schematic cross sectional view through one embodiment of the air cleaning apparatus.
  • Figure 2 is a longitudinal schematic cross sectional view through a second embodiment of the air cleaning apparatus according to this invention.
  • the apparatus 2 includes a housing having a cone 3 oriented with its longitudinal axis substantially vertical and its narrow end lowermost.
  • the cone illustrated in the drawing has a peripheral wall at an angle of about 75 degrees to the horizontal, but the wall angle is not critical.
  • An enhanced effect cyclone chamber 4a is mounted on top of the cone 3, and a central cylindrical channel 5 is formed through the top plate 6 of the cone 3 into the base of the chamber 4a.
  • the chamber 4a is releasably secured between the cone and a fan chamber 4 by a pair of lockable securing rings 7.
  • the top plate 6 is formed with a series of spaced apertures 6a adjacent its outer edge.
  • the fan chamber 4 opens into the top of the chamber 4a by means of an aperture 5a of approximately the same diameter as the channel 5.
  • a motor 8 connected to the drive shaft 9 of a fan 10 is located on top of the fan chamber 4.
  • the motor 8 may be of any suitable type and may be DC or AC.
  • the motor is battery-powered or, if mains powered, has backup batteries, so that the apparatus can be used in the event of a power failure.
  • the motor 8 preferably incorporates a speed controller, so that the speed of the fan 10 can be controlled.
  • the drive shaft 9 of the fan 10 passes through the aperture 5a into the chamber 4a and carries a spinning disk 11 at its lower end; the lower surface of the disk 11 is formed with vanes (not shown) to increase the stirring effect of the disk when it rotates.
  • the outer wall of the cone 3 is formed with an outlet 12 for water and wetted dust particles.
  • the lower end 13 of the cone 3 is fitted with an inlet duct 14 which extends from the lower end of the cone into the interior of the cone.
  • the duct 14 is concentric with the cone and also is conical in cross-section and in the modification illustrated in Figure 1 , it tapers from a wider portion 15 having the same dimensions as the lower end 13 of the cone to a narrower portion 16.
  • the portion 16 is formed integrally with a cylindrical portion 17 which is apertured to form a series of slots 18.
  • Each slot 18 is fitted with an angled vane 19 to impart a swirl effect to gases leaving the duct 14 through the slots 18.
  • a fixed plate 20 is mounted across the top of the duct 14, with the plane of the plate 20 substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the duct 14.
  • the outer diameter of the plate 20 is such that it prevents water from entering the duct 14, to leave a peripheral passage 21 between the edge of the plate 20 and the wall of the cone 3.
  • a spray chamber 25 is located above the plate 20 and a manifold 20a is suitably located within the spray chamber.
  • the interior of the manifold is connected to a water supply powered by a separate pump (not shown).
  • the manifold 20a is fitted with at least one pair of diametrically opposed nozzles 22 to discharge water in the form of a spray or a fog, depending upon the type of nozzle employed, in the same direction as the vanes 19.
  • the manifold also includes an additional spray nozzle 23 located at or adjacent the center of the manifold 20a to inject a preformed spray into the channel 5 (see Figure 1), or into the spray chamber 25 (see Figure 2).
  • the spray droplets created by the nozzles are substantially less than 50 microns.
  • the upper end of the inlet duct 14 terminates at a plate 20 which is spaced below the spray manifold 20a.
  • the manifold includes a number of outlets 22 which are also preferably in the form of spray or fog nozzles which are shaped and positioned to ensure the spray as it leaves the manifold is imparted with a swirling effect.
  • the manifold may also include additional spray outlet 20b.
  • the manifold 20a also includes a nozzle 23 which in a highly preferred form has a number of outlets so that water under pressure in the manifold 20a will be ejected from the nozzles in the form of fine jets of spray or water fog into the spray chamber 25 of the cone.
  • the apparatus includes a mist eliminator 30 which is positioned between the upper portion of the spray chamber 25 and the fan chamber 4.
  • the mist eliminator may be formed of known components as is known in the art, such as stainless steel mesh and the like.
  • the mist eliminator is located within the spray chamber below a fixed plate 31 which separates the spray chamber 25 from the fan chamber 4.
  • the plate 31 includes an opening 32 to allow the ready passage of gases from the spray chamber 25 into the fan chamber 4.
  • the apparatus includes an electric motor 8 which drives a fan 10 located within the fan chamber 4 and in this modification, the spinning disk reference 11 in Figure 1 may be dispensed with.
  • the fan chamber 4 (see Figure 2) preferably has two outlets.
  • the main outlet 34 allows the cleaned combustion gases to discharge into ambient air preferably through a filter sock 35 which is formed of a suitable material that it will allow the free passage of combustion gases but which will entrap solid particles that may remain in the gases.
  • the filter sock is suitably connected to the outlet 34 by any convenient means so that the sock can be removed to discharge the contents and for cleaning and/or replacement as required.
  • the second outlet of the fan chamber is a gas recycling duct 36 which as illustrated in Figure 1 has one end open to the fan chamber.
  • the other end of the duct 36 is open to the region 24 of the spray chamber 25 through a port 37 which is positioned in the wall of the region 24 in a manner that gases traveling though the gas recycling duct will exit through the port 37 tangential to the wall of the region 24 to thereby further increase the swirl effect on the gases within the region 24 of the cone 3.
  • the wall of the cone 3 includes an outlet 12 for water and wetted dust particles. It will be appreciated that the outlet 12 may be connected to a heat exchanger to allow the heat from the combustion gases that has entered the water to be extracted for desired purposes.
  • the above described apparatus is used as follows:- the apparatus is mounted in a flue above a domestic fireplace, with the lower edge 13 of the duct 14 open to the flue. If the apparatus is smaller in outer diameter than the diameter of the flue itself, then the apparatus is supported within the flue and surrounded by packing so that the flue is completely blocked, i.e. all gases leaving the fireplace and passing up the flue must pass through the apparatus. Alternatively, the flue could be sealed and connected to the lower end 13 of the apparatus by a gas tight duct, if it is convenient to mount the apparatus elsewhere than in the flue.
  • the motor 8 is operated to rotate the fan 10 and in the case of the modification illustrated in Figure 1 , the spinning disk 11. This will draw exhaust gases from the fireplace up the flue and into the apparatus at a rate governed by the rate of rotation of the fan. Gases leaving the fireplace enter the apparatus through the duct 14 (Arrows A) and pass out into the space 24 between the cone walls and the duct 14 through the slots 18. The angled vanes 19 imparts a swirl to the gases leaving the duct 14 (Arrows B) so that they spiral around the inside of the cone. The heavier solid particles tend to separate from the gases at this stage, and settle on the lower part of the cone wall. The gases and the remaining entrained smaller solid particles follow the path indicated by Arrows C, (see Figure 1) passing through the gap 21 between the cone wall and the edge of the disk 20 into the spray chamber 25 of the cone.
  • the gases and any entrained solid particles are thoroughly wetted by water being discharged through the nozzles 22 and 23.
  • the wetted particles are too heavy to be entrained by the gases and fall onto the plate 20 or onto the lower portions of the wall of the cone 3.
  • the fact that the nozzles 22 face in opposite directions tends to swirl and thoroughly mix the gases in the spray chamber 25.
  • the wetting of the gases also cools the gases in conjunction with the mist eliminator to a point at which water vapour in the gases condenses.
  • the constant water flow through the nozzles 22 and 23 will also wash the particles off the plate 20 to the lower portion of the cone, and also wash the accumulated wetted particles from the cone walls in the lower portion 24 of the cone, and flush them out through the outlet 12. Since the water has been heated by contact with the hot flue gases, the outflow from the outlet 12 may be passed through a heat exchanger or used for heating, either directly or after filtering out the solid particles.
  • the water supply to the nozzles 22 and 23 will be a closed system, with water being recycled to the nozzles after passing through the heat exchanger as described above.
  • the solid particles in the water may be separated out by lamella thickening and sand bed filtration.
  • the solid particles filtered out of the water could be fed back into the fireplace and re burned, or disposed of by other methods. If the particles are fed back to the fireplace, the water evaporated when the particles burn will enhance the process of diffusiophoresis occurring in the portions 24 and 25 during condensation.
  • the flue gases leave the upper portion 25 of the cone through the channel 5 and pass around the chamber 4a, as shown by Arrows D.
  • the nozzle 23 ensures that all flue gases passing through the channel 5 are thoroughly wetted, and as many solid particles as possible are removed. Any water collecting in the chamber 4a drains back into the cone through the apertures 6a in the plate 6. The action of the disk 11 in the chamber 4a assists in moving any remaining water from the chamber 4a back into the portion 25.
  • the warm flue gases could be used for heating purposes, e.g. ducted to a further heat exchanger or used for direct heating, e.g. in a greenhouse, since the gases are now relatively clean.
  • the apparatus of the present invention may be made of any material capable of tolerating flue temperatures and resisting corrosion by the gases, water and solid particles. It is believed that stainless steel would be a suitable material.
  • the flue temperatures are likely to be in the range 300 - 600 degrees centigrade and gas flows from the flue are likely to be in the range of 10 to 50 cubic feet per minute. For this type of gas flow, it is believed that to 2-3 litres of water per minute would be required for the water supply to the fog nozzles 22 and Venturi 23, and a fan revolution rate in the range 1500 - 3000 rpm would be required.
  • the apparatus may be scaled up or down, as required to fit different flue sizes and gas flow requirements.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separation Of Particles Using Liquids (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un épurateur de fumées de foyers domestiques comportant: un conduit relié à la cheminée et présentant une sortie et conçu pour produire un tourbillon lorsque les fumées entrent dans une chambre de pulvérisation intégrée à l'appareil ou de l'eau est injectée sous forme de vapeur ou de pulvérisations. Les gaz sont ensuite aspirés dans une chambre de ventilation par un ventilateur à moteur qui en élimine l'eau. La chambre de ventilation possède une sortie de décharge dans l'atmosphère des gaz épurés. Une partie des gaz de la chambre de ventilation peuvent être recyclés dans la chambre de pulvérisation via une conduite de recyclage.
PCT/NZ2002/000148 2001-08-07 2002-08-07 Epurateur de fumees Ceased WO2003013697A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NZ513400 2001-08-07
NZ51340001A NZ513400A (en) 2001-08-07 2001-08-07 Air cleaning apparatus suitable for small diameter flues with low gas flow rates

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003013697A1 true WO2003013697A1 (fr) 2003-02-20

Family

ID=19928572

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NZ2002/000148 Ceased WO2003013697A1 (fr) 2001-08-07 2002-08-07 Epurateur de fumees

Country Status (2)

Country Link
NZ (1) NZ513400A (fr)
WO (1) WO2003013697A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2892179A1 (fr) * 2005-10-18 2007-04-20 Daniel Machefer Dispositif pour permettre de bruler tout dechet sans produire de fumee.
CN102423579A (zh) * 2011-08-31 2012-04-25 张宏生 立式消雾器
CN108434906A (zh) * 2018-06-25 2018-08-24 惠州市俊康电子科技有限公司 超低排放用喷雾凝并降尘装置
TWI704953B (zh) 2019-03-08 2020-09-21 日商康肯環保設備有限公司 排氣淨化裝置以及使用此裝置之排氣除害裝置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113476962B (zh) * 2021-07-02 2022-10-11 重庆朗福环保科技有限公司 一种钢铁企业节能减碳整体解决方法与装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4686940A (en) * 1984-07-09 1987-08-18 Vth Ag Device for heating a fluid and for cleaning waste gases from heating systems
JPH06170143A (ja) * 1993-08-20 1994-06-21 Nec Home Electron Ltd 空気清浄機
US5560756A (en) * 1993-10-12 1996-10-01 Zeritis; Nikolaos Chimney smoke scrubber
JPH09168714A (ja) * 1995-12-19 1997-06-30 Aiwa Co Ltd 空気清浄装置
JPH09267014A (ja) * 1996-03-30 1997-10-14 Aiwa Co Ltd 空気清浄装置
JP2000296307A (ja) * 1999-04-12 2000-10-24 Takeo Noguchi ジェット噴射流式塵埃および排煙除去方法とその装置

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4686940A (en) * 1984-07-09 1987-08-18 Vth Ag Device for heating a fluid and for cleaning waste gases from heating systems
JPH06170143A (ja) * 1993-08-20 1994-06-21 Nec Home Electron Ltd 空気清浄機
US5560756A (en) * 1993-10-12 1996-10-01 Zeritis; Nikolaos Chimney smoke scrubber
JPH09168714A (ja) * 1995-12-19 1997-06-30 Aiwa Co Ltd 空気清浄装置
JPH09267014A (ja) * 1996-03-30 1997-10-14 Aiwa Co Ltd 空気清浄装置
JP2000296307A (ja) * 1999-04-12 2000-10-24 Takeo Noguchi ジェット噴射流式塵埃および排煙除去方法とその装置

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; Class J01, AN 1997-388590/36 *
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; Class J01, AN 1997-553652/51 *
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; Class J01, AN 2001-065716/08 *
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; Class Q74, AN 1994-237716/29 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2892179A1 (fr) * 2005-10-18 2007-04-20 Daniel Machefer Dispositif pour permettre de bruler tout dechet sans produire de fumee.
CN102423579A (zh) * 2011-08-31 2012-04-25 张宏生 立式消雾器
CN102423579B (zh) * 2011-08-31 2014-01-29 张宏生 立式消雾器
CN108434906A (zh) * 2018-06-25 2018-08-24 惠州市俊康电子科技有限公司 超低排放用喷雾凝并降尘装置
TWI704953B (zh) 2019-03-08 2020-09-21 日商康肯環保設備有限公司 排氣淨化裝置以及使用此裝置之排氣除害裝置

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Publication number Publication date
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