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WO2003066196A2 - A method of treating gas - Google Patents

A method of treating gas Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003066196A2
WO2003066196A2 PCT/GB2003/000267 GB0300267W WO03066196A2 WO 2003066196 A2 WO2003066196 A2 WO 2003066196A2 GB 0300267 W GB0300267 W GB 0300267W WO 03066196 A2 WO03066196 A2 WO 03066196A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquor
gas
liquid
droplets
plant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2003/000267
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2003066196A3 (en
Inventor
Terence William Dumbrell
David Gregory Hall
John William Stairmand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Accentus Medical PLC
Original Assignee
Accentus Medical PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Accentus Medical PLC filed Critical Accentus Medical PLC
Priority to AU2003202679A priority Critical patent/AU2003202679A1/en
Publication of WO2003066196A2 publication Critical patent/WO2003066196A2/en
Publication of WO2003066196A3 publication Critical patent/WO2003066196A3/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
    • B01D47/063—Spray cleaning with two or more jets impinging against each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/10—Venturi scrubbers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/04—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/05—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants having provisions for obviating the penetration of damaging objects or particles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the treatment of gas, and in particular air, for removing contaminant from the gas supplied to a plant in which the gas is utilised and comes into contact with liquid.
  • the invention has particular application to the treatment of air supplied to a gas turbine compressor, for example for power generation.
  • the compressor requires oil lubrication, but requires that the air supply has a very low concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOC's) .
  • VOC's volatile organic compounds
  • the invention is based upon the appreciation that by pre-scrubbing the air supply to the compressor intake with the same liquid as is used for lubrication of the compressor, then any contaminants, such as VOC's, capable of being absorbed by the liquid will be absorbed in the scrub liquor and thus removed before they can contaminate the lubricant in the compressor. It will be appreciated that this concept is useful for any plant or apparatus in which gas and liquid come into contact and there is a risk that contaminants in the gas when absorbed into the liquid give rise to undesirable effects .
  • a method of treating gas, and in particular air, (which alternatives are hereinafter referred to simply as "gas") supplied to a plant or apparatus in which the gas comes into contact with a liquid which method is characterised in that the gas is passed on its way in to the said plant or apparatus through a scrubber device in which the gas is scrubbed by a scrub-liquor which is the same as the liquid with which the gas comes into contact in the said plant or apparatus.
  • the scrubber device comprises a vortex chamber having at least one tangential inlet port for the gas and an axial outlet port through which the treated gas emerges and, within the chamber, a liquid spray generator which is fed with the said scrub-liquor and which generates a spray of droplets of the scrub-liquor so as to fill a substantial proportion of the vortex chamber with droplets .
  • the liquid spray generator is of the type in which opposed jets of liquid impinge upon each other and are disrupted to form a spray of droplets and the liquor is supplied to the liquid spray generator under conditions in which the flow is at least partially turbulent, preferably under conditions for which the Reynolds number is greater than 12,000, so that the droplets in the spray are projected outwardly from, and transverse to the flow direction of, the opposed jets of liquor with a random distribution of the angular relationship between the direction of movement of the droplets relative to the direction of flow of the said opposed jets of liquor.
  • the invention includes a plant or apparatus in which a supply of gas comes into contact with a liquid in the plant, which plant or apparatus includes a scrubber device characterised in that the gas supply on its way in to the said plant or apparatus is pre-scrubbed by a scrub-liquor which is the same as the liquid with which the gas comes into contact in the said plant or apparatus .
  • the apparatus comprises a vortex chamber gas/liquid contactor 11 of the type described in patent GB 2282983.
  • the contactor 11 is connected to receive air from an air intake 34 and to supply input air, in this example, drawn in by a compressor 36 of a small power supply gas turbine generator.
  • the contactor 11 comprises a cylindrical vortex chamber 12 which has a tangential gas inlet port 13 and an axial gas outlet port 14.
  • the opposed nozzles are, in this example, aligned with the central axis of the vortex chamber 12.
  • a baffle 20 extends across the lower part of the vortex chamber 12 and the portion of the vortex chamber below the baffle 20 forms a sump 21 into which liquor 22 drains from the spray formed in the vortex chamber 12.
  • liquor 22 collecting in the sump is removed via outlet 23 and reconstituted, as, for example by distillation, steam stripping, or membrane separation of absorbed contaminants, in equipment indicated diagrammatically at 38, from which it is returned to the supply tank 37.
  • Air feed to the tangential inlet 13 of the vortex chamber 12 is supplied by air intake 34 via gas feed pipe 35.
  • the scrub-liquor drawn from the supply tank 37 is the same liquid as that used for lubrication in the gas turbine compressor 36.
  • the pump 24 is such as to drive the liquor through the feed pipe 15 and branches 16, 17 so that the flow of the opposed liquor jets emerging from the nozzles 18, 19 is turbulent, and in this example having a Reynolds number in excess 12,000. Under these conditions, the impinging jets of liquor at 25 are formed into a spray of droplets which are projected in all directions outwardly from, and transverse to the flow direction of, the opposed jets of liquor. Because of the turbulence in the impinging liquor jets, there is a random distribution of the angular relationship between the direction of movement of the droplets relative to the direction of flow of the said opposed jets of liquor.
  • the vortex chamber 12 is, in this way, very effectively filled with droplets of liquor which are collected by their impact on the outer wall of the chamber. The collected droplets flow down the outer wall and into the sump 21, from which this collected liquor is reconstituted in equipment 38 and then available for re-circulation.
  • the air entering the vortex chamber 12 via the tangential inlet port 13 is caused to swirl through the chamber 12 and ultimately exit axially by outlet port 14.
  • the air is thus subjected to a particularly effective scrubbing interaction with the spray of droplets of the liquor. Any contaminants in the air, which are capable of being absorbed by the liquor, are absorbed in the spray droplets and thus carried with them into the sump 21, whilst the air, now significantly decontaminated, flows via outlet 14 into the inlet of the compressor 36.
  • a liquor spray injector (not shown) in the inlet to the compressor 36, as a way of providing, in this example, a supply of uncontaminated lubricating oil to the turbine.
  • the invention is not restricted to the details of the foregoing example. For instance, there may be circumstances in which it is not air which is supplied but some other gas .
  • the method and apparatus can equally well be applied to the removal from such a gas of contaminants which would otherwise be absorbed in liquid in the process plant with potentially deleterious effects .
  • the decontamination may require more than 1 stage of treatment in a vortex chamber gas/liquid contactor.
  • Such multiple stage decontamination may readily be applied, for example, by choosing any suitable multiple stage version as described in patent GB 2282983.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Abstract

Gas, and in particular air, for supply to a plant or apparatus 36 in which the gas comes into contact with a liquid, is treated by passing the gas through a scrubber device 11 in which the gas is scrubbed by a scrub-liquor which is the same as the liquid with which the gas comes into contact in the plant or apparatus 36.

Description

A method of treating gas
The invention relates to the treatment of gas, and in particular air, for removing contaminant from the gas supplied to a plant in which the gas is utilised and comes into contact with liquid.
The invention has particular application to the treatment of air supplied to a gas turbine compressor, for example for power generation. The compressor requires oil lubrication, but requires that the air supply has a very low concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOC's) . Such compounds are absorbed in the lubricating oil and cause corrosion of the compressor components. The invention is based upon the appreciation that by pre-scrubbing the air supply to the compressor intake with the same liquid as is used for lubrication of the compressor, then any contaminants, such as VOC's, capable of being absorbed by the liquid will be absorbed in the scrub liquor and thus removed before they can contaminate the lubricant in the compressor. It will be appreciated that this concept is useful for any plant or apparatus in which gas and liquid come into contact and there is a risk that contaminants in the gas when absorbed into the liquid give rise to undesirable effects .
It is an object of the present invention to provide a process for removal of such contamination from a gas or air supply on its way in to a plant or apparatus in which the gas or air comes into contact with a liquid.
According to the invention there is provided a method of treating gas, and in particular air, (which alternatives are hereinafter referred to simply as "gas") supplied to a plant or apparatus in which the gas comes into contact with a liquid, which method is characterised in that the gas is passed on its way in to the said plant or apparatus through a scrubber device in which the gas is scrubbed by a scrub-liquor which is the same as the liquid with which the gas comes into contact in the said plant or apparatus.
Preferably the scrubber device comprises a vortex chamber having at least one tangential inlet port for the gas and an axial outlet port through which the treated gas emerges and, within the chamber, a liquid spray generator which is fed with the said scrub-liquor and which generates a spray of droplets of the scrub-liquor so as to fill a substantial proportion of the vortex chamber with droplets .
Preferably the liquid spray generator is of the type in which opposed jets of liquid impinge upon each other and are disrupted to form a spray of droplets and the liquor is supplied to the liquid spray generator under conditions in which the flow is at least partially turbulent, preferably under conditions for which the Reynolds number is greater than 12,000, so that the droplets in the spray are projected outwardly from, and transverse to the flow direction of, the opposed jets of liquor with a random distribution of the angular relationship between the direction of movement of the droplets relative to the direction of flow of the said opposed jets of liquor.
It may be desirable to cool the scrub-liquor supplied to the scrubber device to improve the absorption by the liquor of contaminants in the gas.
The invention includes a plant or apparatus in which a supply of gas comes into contact with a liquid in the plant, which plant or apparatus includes a scrubber device characterised in that the gas supply on its way in to the said plant or apparatus is pre-scrubbed by a scrub-liquor which is the same as the liquid with which the gas comes into contact in the said plant or apparatus .
A method and specific construction of apparatus embodying the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the drawing filed herewith which is a diagrammatic cross sectional view of the apparatus .
The apparatus comprises a vortex chamber gas/liquid contactor 11 of the type described in patent GB 2282983. The contactor 11 is connected to receive air from an air intake 34 and to supply input air, in this example, drawn in by a compressor 36 of a small power supply gas turbine generator.
The contactor 11 comprises a cylindrical vortex chamber 12 which has a tangential gas inlet port 13 and an axial gas outlet port 14. A liquid feed pipe 15, which draws liquid via pump 24 from a supply tank 37, divides into two branches 16 and 17 which enter into the vortex chamber 12 and terminate in two axially opposed nozzles 18 and 19, respectively. The opposed nozzles are, in this example, aligned with the central axis of the vortex chamber 12. A baffle 20 extends across the lower part of the vortex chamber 12 and the portion of the vortex chamber below the baffle 20 forms a sump 21 into which liquor 22 drains from the spray formed in the vortex chamber 12.
In this example, liquor 22 collecting in the sump is removed via outlet 23 and reconstituted, as, for example by distillation, steam stripping, or membrane separation of absorbed contaminants, in equipment indicated diagrammatically at 38, from which it is returned to the supply tank 37.
Air feed to the tangential inlet 13 of the vortex chamber 12 is supplied by air intake 34 via gas feed pipe 35.
The scrub-liquor drawn from the supply tank 37 is the same liquid as that used for lubrication in the gas turbine compressor 36.
The pump 24 is such as to drive the liquor through the feed pipe 15 and branches 16, 17 so that the flow of the opposed liquor jets emerging from the nozzles 18, 19 is turbulent, and in this example having a Reynolds number in excess 12,000. Under these conditions, the impinging jets of liquor at 25 are formed into a spray of droplets which are projected in all directions outwardly from, and transverse to the flow direction of, the opposed jets of liquor. Because of the turbulence in the impinging liquor jets, there is a random distribution of the angular relationship between the direction of movement of the droplets relative to the direction of flow of the said opposed jets of liquor. The vortex chamber 12 is, in this way, very effectively filled with droplets of liquor which are collected by their impact on the outer wall of the chamber. The collected droplets flow down the outer wall and into the sump 21, from which this collected liquor is reconstituted in equipment 38 and then available for re-circulation.
The air entering the vortex chamber 12 via the tangential inlet port 13 is caused to swirl through the chamber 12 and ultimately exit axially by outlet port 14. The air is thus subjected to a particularly effective scrubbing interaction with the spray of droplets of the liquor. Any contaminants in the air, which are capable of being absorbed by the liquor, are absorbed in the spray droplets and thus carried with them into the sump 21, whilst the air, now significantly decontaminated, flows via outlet 14 into the inlet of the compressor 36.
It may be advantageous to apply a chill to the liquor supplied by the pump 24 to improve the absorption of contaminant gases in the air flowing through the vortex chamber 12. This may be achieved by incorporating a cooler in the tank 37 or in the feed pipe 15.
Further it may be convenient to provide a liquor spray injector (not shown) in the inlet to the compressor 36, as a way of providing, in this example, a supply of uncontaminated lubricating oil to the turbine.
The invention is not restricted to the details of the foregoing example. For instance, there may be circumstances in which it is not air which is supplied but some other gas . The method and apparatus can equally well be applied to the removal from such a gas of contaminants which would otherwise be absorbed in liquid in the process plant with potentially deleterious effects .
The decontamination may require more than 1 stage of treatment in a vortex chamber gas/liquid contactor. Such multiple stage decontamination may readily be applied, for example, by choosing any suitable multiple stage version as described in patent GB 2282983.

Claims

Claims
1. A method of treating gas supplied to a plant or apparatus (36) in which the gas comes into contact with a liquid, which method is characterised in that the gas is passed on its way in to the said plant or apparatus (36) through a scrubber device (11) in which the gas is scrubbed by a scrub-liquor which is the same as the liquid with which the gas comes into contact in the said plant or apparatus (36) .
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, further characterised in that the scrubber device (11) comprises a vortex chamber (12) having at least one tangential inlet port (13) for the gas and an axial outlet port (14) through which the treated gas emerges and, within the chamber, a liquid spray generator (15,16,17,18,19,24) which is fed with the said scrub-liquor and which generates a spray of droplets of the scrub-liquor so as to fill a substantial proportion of the vortex chamber
(12) with droplets.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the liquid spray generator (15,16,17,18,19,24) is of the type in which opposed jets of liquid impinge upon each other (25) and are disrupted to form a spray of droplets and the liquor is supplied to the liquid spray generator under conditions in which the flow is at least partially turbulent, so that the droplets in the spray are projected outwardly from, and transverse to the flow direction of, the opposed jets of liquor with a random distribution of the angular relationship between the direction of movement of the droplets relative to the direction of flow of the said opposed jets of liquor.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the liquor is supplied to the liquid spray generator (15,16,17,18,19,24) under conditions for which the
Reynolds number is greater than 12,000.
5. A method as claimed in any of the preceding claims, further characterised in that the scrub-liquor supplied to the scrubber device (11) is cooled to improve the absorption by the liquor of contaminants in the gas.
6. A plant or apparatus (36) in which a supply of gas comes into contact with a liquid in the plant, which plant or apparatus includes a scrubber device (11) characterised in that the gas supply on its way in to the said plant or apparatus (36) is pre-scrubbed by a scrub- liquor which is the same as the liquid with which the gas comes into contact in the said plant or apparatus .
7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6, further characterised in that the scrubber device (11) comprises a vortex chamber (12) having at least one tangential inlet port (13) for the gas and an axial outlet port (14) through which the treated gas emerges and, within the chamber, a liquid spray generator (15,16,17,18,19,24) which is fed with the said scrub-liquor and which generates a spray of droplets of the scrub-liquor so as to fill a substantial proportion of the vortex chamber (12) with droplets.
8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the liquid spray generator (15,16,17,18,19,24) is of the type in which opposed jets of liquid impinge upon each other and are disrupted to form a spray of droplets and means (24) is provided for supplying liquor to the liquid spray generator (15,16,17,18,19,24) under conditions in which the flow is at least partially turbulent, so that the droplets in the spray are projected outwardly from, and transverse to the flow direction of, the opposed jets of liquor with a random distribution of the angular relationship between the direction of movement of the droplets relative to the direction of flow of the said opposed jets of liquor.
9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the said means (24) for supplying liquor is adapted to supply liquor to the liquid spray generator (15,16,17,18,19,24) under conditions for which the Reynolds number is greater than 12, 000.
PCT/GB2003/000267 2002-02-07 2003-01-24 A method of treating gas Ceased WO2003066196A2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003202679A AU2003202679A1 (en) 2002-02-07 2003-01-24 A method of treating gas

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0202813.2 2002-02-07
GB0202813A GB2385011A (en) 2002-02-07 2002-02-07 Treatment of contaminated gas

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003066196A2 true WO2003066196A2 (en) 2003-08-14
WO2003066196A3 WO2003066196A3 (en) 2003-11-20

Family

ID=9930557

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2003/000267 Ceased WO2003066196A2 (en) 2002-02-07 2003-01-24 A method of treating gas

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2003202679A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2385011A (en)
WO (1) WO2003066196A2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111346505A (en) * 2018-12-20 2020-06-30 恩特格里斯公司 Active wet type washing and filtering system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114030115B (en) * 2021-10-22 2024-03-01 深圳黑晶光电技术有限公司 Method and system for realizing uniform blowing control of blowing system

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5819876B2 (en) * 1979-08-02 1983-04-20 株式会社 前川製作所 Lubrication method for screw compressor
FR2564331B1 (en) * 1984-05-15 1986-10-03 Air Ind Systemes Sa IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO POLLUTION GAS CLEANING PLANTS BY SOLID AND / OR LIQUID PARTICLES
EP0577543B1 (en) * 1992-07-03 1995-12-13 New Sulzer Diesel AG Process and installation for purifying exhaust gases from a large diesel engine
GB2282983B (en) * 1993-09-11 1997-08-20 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Spray generators
WO2001058558A2 (en) * 2000-02-14 2001-08-16 Eco 3 Max Inc. Process for removing volatile organic compounds from an air stream and apparatus therefor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111346505A (en) * 2018-12-20 2020-06-30 恩特格里斯公司 Active wet type washing and filtering system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003066196A3 (en) 2003-11-20
AU2003202679A1 (en) 2003-09-02
GB2385011A (en) 2003-08-13
AU2003202679A8 (en) 2003-09-02
GB0202813D0 (en) 2002-03-27

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