WO2003057230A1 - Composition used for combating cholesterol and improving digestion - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the fields of health and nutraceuticals. At least one ground material, extract, composition, or formulation made of grains from a MORINGA-type plant is used for medical, pharmaceutical, health-related, or nutrition-related purposes in or for preparing a medicament, functional food, or a food complement or supplement or for preparing a composition or formulation. Said ground material, extract, composition, or formulation is to improve and accelerate digestion, combat indigestion and flatulence, accelerate the intestinal transit, eliminate constipation, reduce the absorption of lipids, reduce the cholesterol level in the blood without taking away appetite or causing dryness in the mouth while combating said dryness.

Description

 Composition to fight against cholesterol and improve digestion.

DESCRIPTION

The present invention relates to the fields of health and nutraceuticals. It relates to the use for medical, pharmaceutical or health-related applications, for food, of at least one ground material or an extract or a composition or a formulation or seeds of a plant of the genus MORINGA, in or for the preparation of a medicament, a food, a supplement or a food supplement or for the preparation of a composition or a formulation, the ground material, the extract, the composition or the formulation being intended improve and accelerate digestion, fight against indigestion and gastric heaviness, accelerate intestinal transit, suppress constipation, reduce lipid absorption, reduce cholesterol in the blood, do not suppress appetite and do not not cause dry mouth but fight against this dryness.

It is known that the genus MORINGA contains more than a dozen plant species worldwide. It is known that the genus MORINGA corresponds to a deciduous shrub, with fast growth which develops everywhere in the tropics, as well in Asia, in Africa, as in South America. The leaves of plants of the genus MORINGA form pods of about thirty to fifty centimeters in length, and which are usually eaten green, like vegetables, and which produce seeds. The different parts of the shrub are used in traditional medicine.

We also know that lipids play an essential role in many biological processes. We also know that lipids can cause high cholesterol. We know that high cholesterol in the blood is the direct and indirect cause of many diseases, especially cardiovascular and which can promote obesity. We also know that drugs or food supplements intended to reduce cholesterol levels are not without side effects: fibrates and statins directly interfere with metabolism. The dangerous effects of certain resins which can act on the absorption of lipids are known. The beneficial effects of plants containing saponins are also known but the production of purified concentrate requires sometimes complex chemical processes, in particular to extract certain components which can be toxic (canavanine from alfalfa for example). The effectiveness on health of certain capsules containing extracts of saponin plants is limited. Certain anti-obesity drugs very often cause loss of appetite, dry mouth, mouth or even constipation.

It therefore remains advantageous to be able to have, within the framework of the treatment and the fight against cholesterol, of compounds and / or extracts and / or drugs and or medicaments and supplements and / or effective food supplements and having no effects negative side effects.

It also remains just as interesting to be able to have natural products or substances or extracts derived from these natural products which can make it possible to inhibit the assimilation of lipids in the body, whether this organism is human or animal.

In this regard, the inventors have surprisingly and unexpectedly discovered that seeds, a ground seed or a protein extract of MORINGA seeds, have new, original and beneficial properties to prevent the assimilation of lipids and reduce the cholesterol level in the blood, making them directly usable as a medicine, food and food supplement or supplement or associated with the drink or a food.

In this regard, the inventors have also surprisingly and unexpectedly discovered that these seeds or ground seeds or seed extracts have new, original and beneficial properties in the fields of improving and accelerating digestion , the fight against indigestion and gastric heaviness, accelerating intestinal transit and in the fight against constipation, making them directly usable as medicine, food and food supplement or associated with drink.

In this regard, the inventors have also discovered, surprisingly and unexpectedly, that these seeds or ground seeds or seed extracts had new, original and beneficial properties in the sense. that they do not cut the appetite and do not generate dry mouth but on the contrary fight against dry mouth, unlike drugs supposed to fight against cholesterol or the diseases which are the direct or indirect cause, and which cut this appetite and promote this dryness.

H is shown according to the invention that the mixture of seeds, crushed seeds or seed extracts of MORINGA have the effect of promoting and accelerating the separation of the lipid phases from food or liquids containing lipids and fats which could have been swallowed (swallowed).

It is shown that the advantage of the invention is that one can avoid extracting the molecules useful for the invention, by any physical and chemical process, in order to possibly keep a 100% natural product, preserving all its properties and advantages; and this all the more important, that the product which will be manufactured, will be absorbed.

Regarding the lipid phase separation, it is shown in particular that the separation of lipid phases of an emulsion as formed from the mixture of an mayonnaise emulsified with water, takes almost an hour for the oil and water phases separate.

Thus, in the presence of chewed seeds, ground seeds or MORINGA seed extracts, the phase separation with the lipids constituting the emulsion is very rapid and almost immediate, of the order of a few seconds . It is also shown that the homogenization of lipids is fast: the micelles and micro-drops agglomerate to form large drops of oil.

It is also shown that the consumption and chewing of seeds, shreds and protein extracts of seeds promotes salivation or even hyper salivation which is favorable for chewing and therefore also favorable for digestion and assimilation of food.

We also know that lipids slow gastric evacuation. We also know that indigestion is a blocking mechanism of gastric evacuation in connection with food overload. It is known that this excess braking of the gastric evacuation is notably linked to the excess consumption of fat, to the excess consumption of solid matter and the excess of calories.

We know that when the same meal is taken on the one hand in its usual form and on the other hand ground in the form of mayonnaise, the whole of the mixed meal is evacuated faster than the chewed meal. We also know that homogenized fats are removed 2.5 times faster in the first two hours.

We also know that the stomach plays an important role in food selection. The gastric mechanics then serves to sort the constituents of the meal, so that the gastric content varies as digestion takes place.

In this context, the effect of the physical properties of the constituents were measured on a homogenized meal containing both carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. It is thus known that the lipids ingested in solid form melt under the influence of body heat and that the fats then swim on the surface of the gastric contents. As a result, during the first two hours of digestion, the fat content is higher in the fundus than in the antrum. Conversely, at the end of digestion, the fat content becomes higher in the lair. The consequence of the absorption of seeds, shreds and / or extracts of MORINGA promoting the separation of lipid phase, is the acceleration of gastric evacuation. We also know that the liquid phase is always more efficient than that of solids; which goes in the same direction and promotes digestion.

We see that the consumption of seeds, crushed and / or MORINGA seed extracts eliminates indigestion and slow digestion and its consequences.

The removal of indigestion confirms the fact that indigestion is indeed a mechanism for blocking gastric evacuation, generally related to food overload. Excess calories and the body's ability to assimilate these calories play a role. The non-assimilation of lipids plays an important role there as the fact that if part of the assimilated lipids, can be it in a faster and regular way, the caloric load will be less brutal, and digestion is improved.

The slow digestion leads some complainants to have the feeling of a full stomach. This sensation disappears with the consumption of MORINGA seeds, crushed fruit and seed extracts

The consumption of seeds, crushed and / or extracts of seeds of MORINGA also highlighted the production of soft stools which confirm on the one hand that any composition which consists of seeds, crushed and / or extracted from seeds can effectively fight against constipation.

In comparison with certain resins which also have the property of preventing cholesterol from being assimilated by the body, the consumption of seeds, shreds or extracts of MORINGA does not generate diarrhea unlike these resins. In this context, it has been identified in particular the presence of a pectinase in the seed which makes it possible to limit in part the undesirable effect of the elimination of the lipids causing these soft stools.

The production of soft stool confirms the fact that part of the lipids is not assimilated by the body. At the same time, there is an increased production of colonic gases.

The ground material and / or MORINGA seed extract also allows the precipitation of bile salts.

We know that contact of food with the duodenum involves bilio-pancreatic secretion. We know that pancreatic secretion is an isotonic plasma juice containing CO3Hna and chlorides CINa and C1K. We know that the acinar cell secretes baking soda. In this context, we were able to demonstrate in Vitro that the ground material and / or MORINGA seed extract resuspended the baking soda which is usually soluble in water. It has also been possible to demonstrate that the ground material and / or the seed extract always breaks the lipid emulsions in such a solution where the baking soda is insolubilized.

It has thus been observed, according to the invention, that a person suffering from cholesterol who consumes the equivalent of one gram per day of ground seeds of MORINGA sees, in one month, his cholesterol level return to normal , due to the properties of the seeds.

It has also been shown according to the invention that a ground seed of a plant of the genus MORINGA has a strong cholesterol-lowering effect on animals, in particular mammals, and more specifically mice, which have been subjected prior to a cholesterol-lowering diet. In particular, it has been shown according to the invention that a ground seed of a plant of the genus MORINGA makes it possible to considerably reduce the massive rise in plasma cholesterol observed in the control mice having received a diet rich in fats. The invention also relates to the use of at least one seed, a ground product, a powder or a seed extract of the genus MORINGA in a composition or for the manufacture of a composition or a formulation intended health or nutraceutical (food), said composition or said formulation being intended to prevent the assimilation of lipids and to reduce the cholesterol level in the blood.

The invention also relates to the use of at least one seed, a ground product, a powder or an extract of seeds of the genus MORINGA in a composition or for the preparation of a composition or a formulation intended health or nutraceutical (food), said composition or said formulation being intended to improve and accelerate digestion, fight against indigestion and gastric slowness, accelerate intestinal transit, avoid constipation and do not cut the appetite and not cause dry mouth but fight against possible dry mouth.

Particularly according to the invention, at least one ground material or seed extract from a plant of the genus MORINGA, belonging to the family of Moringaceae, is used as active principle, alone or as a mixture, alone or in combination with at least one other active principle, for the preparation of a composition or a formulation which can be used as a medicament, food, supplement and / or food supplement and / or product which makes it possible to prevent the assimilation of lipids and reduce the cholesterol level in the blood, improve and accelerate digestion, accelerate intestinal transit, fight against constipation, do not suppress appetite and do not cause dry mouth but fight against possible dry mouth.

By ground or extract of seeds of MORINGA means ground or extracts produced by all or part of seeds harvested from one or more of the species of shrubs belonging to the Moringaceae family.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the ground material of MORINGA seeds consists in grinding which can be more or less fine or more or less coarse of the seeds of MORINGA, these being able to be shelled or not shelled, ie to have their protective covering removed or not removed; this ground seed can also be not deoiled or deoiled, not defatted or defatted.

The above use is characterized in that the composition or formulation or preparation of the composition or formulation are intended for humans or animals.

The above use is also characterized in that the seeds, shreds, powders and seed extracts are obtained from plant material obtained from the whole seed or from part of the seed.

The above use is also characterized in that the ground material, the powder and or the seed extract allow rapid separation of the lipids with the other food constituents mixed with the lipids.

The above use is also characterized in that the ground material, the powder and or the seed extract make it possible to insolubilize the baking soda released in the body.

The above use is also characterized in that the ground material, the powder and / or the seed extract makes it possible to precipitate bile, bile salts and pancreatic juices and more particularly certain of their constituents or products. that they convey.

The above use is also characterized in that in that the elimination of lipids is not necessarily accompanied by diarrhea.

The above use is also characterized in that in that said composition or said formulation can be a medicament.

The above use is also characterized in that said composition or said formulation may be a food. The above use is also characterized in that said composition or said formulation may be in the form of a food supplement or supplement.

The above use is also characterized in that said composition or said formulation may be in the form of a powder, if necessary placed in a capsule or a capsule or any other packaging which can be swallowed and released. in the stomach.

The above use is characterized in that said composition or said formulation may be in the form of a powder or granules for oral suspension or to be swallowed directly or in mixture with a drink or food.

The use is also characterized in that said composition or said formulation consists of a medicament, a food, a food supplement or a food supplement which may be in the form of a suspension or an oral solution or alternatively d 'a syrup.

The above use is also characterized in that said composition or said formulation consists of a medicament, a food, a food supplement or a food supplement which may be in the form of a tablet, if necessary. scored, one effervescent tablet, one chewable tablet, one sucking tablet or one swallowing tablet.

The above use is also characterized in that said composition or said formulation consists of a medicament, a food, a food supplement or a food supplement which may be in the form of granules, granules, flakes , straws, sticks, sticks, breads, crisps or in any form of compression, which can be consumed. The above use is also characterized in that said composition or said formulation may consist of a food supplement or a food supplement as such, or associated in the form or with a drink, or in admixture with a or food.

The above use is also characterized in that the powder can be in a dry or dehydrated or lyophilized form.

The above use is also characterized in that, in the composition or the formulation or the preparation of the composition or the formulation, the seed, the ground seed, the seed powder or the seed extract a plant of the genus MORINGA can be combined with activated carbon and / or kaolin and / or any equivalent product, to absorb the gases present in the digestive tract; and / or peptins or any other equivalent product to thicken the contents of the stool.

The above use is also characterized in that said composition or said formulation can be presented in a form associated with food and food preparations.

A composition according to the invention can be characterized in that it is a food or a food supplement associated in the form of a drink or in mixture with one or more foods such as a yogurt, a cream or cereals.

Any method of grinding and extraction known to those skilled in the art can be used to prepare the powder, the ground material or the extract according to the invention.

Thus, the extracts, the ground materials and powder which can be used according to the invention can take any known form. With regard to the extracts, mention may in particular be made of aqueous, alcoholic, in particular ethanoic or hydroalcoholic extracts. Preferably according to the invention, the extract is an aqueous extract. Possibly in a third step, the sterilization is aqueous solution while keeping the protein particles in suspension.

Regarding powders, mention may be made of the grinding and spraying of the dry seed and then its sieving. We can also cite cryo-grinding. In this context, preferably, the seed can be refrigerated at low temperature (for example minus 25 ° or minus 180 ° in liquid nitrogen) and then crushed whole also at low temperature.

Dried, the ground material gives a very fine powder. The ground material or the powder can be freeze-dried in a subsequent step (drying under vacuum).

The cold treatment makes it possible to freeze the enzymatic activities; however, the presence of the oil in the seed, the antibacterial properties of which are known, ensure good stability of the product over time and makes it possible to avoid the use of preservatives and antioxidants. In the food and food sector, this is an important advantage for better conservation of the product.

The ground material, the powder or the extract can be fractionated or stabilized.

The ground materials or protein fractions according to the present invention can be used in a completely natural form. The seed, the powder or the ground material can alone constitute the active principle of the invention.

The amount of seeds, powder, ground material or extract usable according to the invention depends on the desired effect and can therefore vary.

For an adult man, the consumption of powder in the form of a capsule or a tablet can be of the order of one gram of active ingredient per meal. To be very effective, this consumption is preferably made a few minutes before the meal, during the meal or in the period of time when the food is still in the stomach.

The present invention is further illustrated, without however being limited, by the following example.

EXAMPLE 1 Anti-cholesterol composition based on a grinding of MORINGA εraines

Example 1 of preparation of MORINGA powder: the dried seeds are slightly crushed between two plates so after vibration and sieving, to remove their envelope and to keep only almonds or pieces of almonds. The seeds or pieces of seeds are then placed at minus 25 ° in freezing. The seeds and seed pieces are then finely ground in Porter and freeze-dried.

Studies have been carried out on the variations in plasma lipid parameters in mice after administration of a hypercholesterolemic diet supplemented or not with Moringa seed.

A. Methods

Animals

The studies were conducted in mice with a homogeneous genetic background C57B16. Two groups were formed: Group I consisting of 3 males and 1 female, average age 7 weeks; Π group consisting of 3 males and 1 female, average age 7 weeks.

Experimental protocol The ammals were fed a standard diet until the start of the experiment. At the start of the experiment, the standard diet was replaced by a hypercholesterolemic diet, rich in fats containing 18% lipids (including 1% cholesterol and 0.5% cholate). The high cholesterol-lowering diet contained (seed ¹ ) or not ('Witnesses') the seed of

Moringa (0.17 grams of powdered seeds were added to the daily ration corresponding to 10 grams of food, a diet containing 1.7% of Moringa seeds). The animals consumed the cholesterol-lowering diet, whether or not supplemented with Moringa seed, for 5 days.

Lipid profile

After anesthesia by intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital, the blood of the animals, before and after a hypercholesterolemic diet, was taken retroorbitally on a heparin tube after a 4 hour fast. The plasma was separated by centrifugation. Plasma cholesterol was quantified by enzymatic assay using a commercial kit (CHOD-PAD - Roche Molecular Biochemicals).

Statistical analysis

The significance of the difference between the means was determined by the Mann-Whitney non-parametric test.

B. Results

The hypercholesterolemic diet alone caused a significant and significant rise in average cholesterolemia compared to the levels measured in the plasma of animals initially fed with a standard diet (see attached table). The addition of Moringa seed (1.7%) to the high-fat diet leads to a significant reduction in the cholesterol-lowering effect of the diet, since the average rise in cholesterolemia after diet is only + 72% in the presence of Moringa, against + 290% in the absence of Moringa. The weight of the ammals remained stable throughout the experiment.

5 Total plasma cholesterol

mean + wk - Dosages after a 4 hour fast.

Table 1

10

Control group Group + seed Meaning

(T) (G) (Mann-Whitney)

(n = 4) (n = 4)

Standard regime (e / ï) 0.61 + 0.05 0.73 + 0.02 ns

High cholesterol-lowering diet (18% lipids including 1% cholesterol and 0.5% cholate) (5 days)

After diet (g / 1) 2.35 + 0.49 1.23 + 0.10 Gvs T: P = 0.08

Variation versus 'before +1.74 (+0.49) +0.50 (+0.11) G vs T: P = 0.0202 treatment' (g 1)

Variation versus 'before +290 (+86) +72 (+20) G vs T: P = 0.0202 treatment' (%)

Weight of animals (g)

Standard Plan 19.6 + 1.2 20.0 + 0.7

After diet 20.1 + 1.3 20.8 + 0.7

hypercholesterolemic

Conclusion

5 The Moringa seed significantly reduces the hypercholesterolemia induced in mice by the administration of a diet rich in fats. Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described. Modifications remain possible in particular in the constitution of the various elements or by substitution of technical elements allowing the placing on the market of the drugs, alicaments, supplements, food supplements or products related to the invention, without thereby departing from the field of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. Use of at least one seed, a ground product, a powder or an extract of seeds of the genus MORINGA for the manufacture of a composition or a formulation intended for health or the nutraceutical (food), said composition or said formulation intended to prevent the assimilation of lipids and to reduce the level of cholesterol in the blood. 2. Use of at least one seed, a ground product, a powder or an extract of seeds of the genus MORINGA for the preparation of a composition or a formulation intended for health or the nutraceutical (food), said composition or said formulation being intended to improve and accelerate digestion, fight against indigestion and gastric slowness, to accelerate intestinal transit, to avoid constipation and not to suppress appetite. 3. Use according to claims 1 and 2 characterized in that the composition or formulation or preparation of the composition or formulation are intended for humans or for ammals. 4. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the seeds, shreds, powders and seed extracts are obtained from plant material derived from the whole seed or from part of the seed. 5. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that the seed can be defatted or not defatted, shelled or unshelled. Use according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ground material, the powder and / or the seed extract allow rapid separation of the lipids from the other food constituents mixed with the lipids. 7. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 6 characterized in that the ground material, the powder and / or the seed extract make it possible to insolubilize the baking soda released in the body. 8. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 7 characterized in that the ground material, powder and / or seed extract makes it possible to precipitate bile, bile salts and pancreatic juices and more particularly certain of their constituents or products they carry. 9. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 8 characterized in that the elimination of lipids is not necessarily accompanied by diarrhea. 10. Use according to one of claims 1 and 2 characterized in that said composition or said formulation is a medicament. 11. Use according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said composition or said formulation is a food. 12. Use according to one of claims 1 and 2 characterized in that said composition or said formulation is in the form of a food supplement or supplement. 13. Use according to one of claims 10, 11 and 12 characterized in that said composition or said formulation is in the form of a powder, if necessary placed in a capsule or a capsule or any other packaging which may be swallowed and released into the stomach. 14. Use according to one of claims 10, 11 and 12 characterized in that said composition or said formulation is in the form of a powder or granules for oral suspension or to be swallowed directly or in mixture with a drink or food. 15. Use according to one of claims 10, 11 and 12 characterized in that said composition or said formulation consists of a medicament, a food, a food supplement or a food supplement which is in the form of a suspension or a oral solution or a syrup. 16. Use according to one of claims 10, 11 and 12 characterized in that said composition or said formulation consists of a drug, a food, a food supplement or a food supplement which is in the form of a tablet, the optionally scored, an effervescent tablet, a chewable tablet, a sucking tablet or a swallowing tablet. 17. Use according to one of claims 10, 11 and 12 characterized in that said composition or said formulation consists of a medicament, a food, a food supplement or a food supplement which is in the form of granules, granules, flakes, straws, sticks, sticks, breads, crisps or in any form of compression, which can be consumed. 18. Use according to claim 12, characterized in that said composition or said formulation consists of a food supplement or a food supplement as such, or combined in the form or with a drink, or in mixture with one or more foods. 19. Use according to one of claims 10 to 18, 20 and 21, characterized in that the powder is in a dry or dehydrated or lyophilized form. 20. Use according to one of claims 10 and 11, characterized in that, in the composition or the formulation or the preparation of the composition or the formulation, the seed, the ground seed, the seed powder or the extract seeds of a plant of the genus MORINGA is associated with activated carbon and / or kaolin and / or any equivalent product, to absorb the gases present in the digestive tract; and / or peptins or any other equivalent product to thicken the contents of the stool. 21. Use according to one of claims 10, 11 and 12, characterized in that said composition or said formulation is presented in a form associated with food and food preparations.