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WO2003054456A1 - Isolation thermique commutable - Google Patents

Isolation thermique commutable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003054456A1
WO2003054456A1 PCT/CH2002/000681 CH0200681W WO03054456A1 WO 2003054456 A1 WO2003054456 A1 WO 2003054456A1 CH 0200681 W CH0200681 W CH 0200681W WO 03054456 A1 WO03054456 A1 WO 03054456A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
elements
switching
plate
film
boundary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CH2002/000681
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Staufert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SAGER AG
Original Assignee
SAGER AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SAGER AG filed Critical SAGER AG
Priority to AU2002366844A priority Critical patent/AU2002366844A1/en
Publication of WO2003054456A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003054456A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/80—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for controlling collection or absorption of solar radiation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F2013/005—Thermal joints
    • F28F2013/008—Variable conductance materials; Thermal switches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/242—Slab shaped vacuum insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an insulation panel which can be switched with regard to its thermal conductivity.
  • thermal insulation systems with switchable thermal conductivity are of great interest.
  • bistable - or at least quasi-bistable - thermal insulation systems in which a short supply of switching energy can be used to switch between a highly insulating and a good heat-conducting state, without the need to continuously supply energy after switching to maintain the corresponding state.
  • Quasi-bistable should mean that a little bit of energy has to be supplied again and again for a short period of time at relatively long intervals to maintain - at least one - the switching states.
  • US 3968831 describes, for example, a thermal insulation system for buildings in which it is possible to switch between the two desired states by either closing the chambers in the walls by flooding them or evacuating them by means of a pump.
  • the mechanical approaches listed in the description in this patent assume that one or two of the existing interfaces one Vacuum panels are deformed in such a way that they do not touch each other in one switching state while they touch locally in the other switching state.
  • the described methods for the deformation of the interfaces are: application of mechanical forces by means of locally available actuators, generation of a local external overpressure, and deformation by heating a bimorphic - ie bimetallic - element.
  • the object of the present invention is to describe a switchable insulation panel which switches bistable, or at least quasi-bistably, and which changes its thermal conductivity by a factor of up to between 100 and 1000.
  • the switchable i.e. To convey the film-like switching element from one end position to the other, in principle external mechanical forces or forces generated by overpressure could be used. Depending on the design, a complex application or an expensive production are disadvantageous here. In principle it would also be conceivable that the film-like element is bimorphic, i.e. can be switched by heating. Here too, depending on the design and application, a relatively expensive structure and the relatively large amounts of energy required either for switching or for maintaining one of the two switching states can be disadvantageous.
  • Electrostatic forces are attractive forces between two differently charged elements. Electrostatics cannot repel them Forces are generated.
  • the magnitude of an electrostatic force acting perpendicularly between two electrically charged plate-shaped elements is essentially proportional to the square of the electrical voltage difference between the plates and the area of the plates and inversely proportional to the distance between the plates. Applied to the structure described, this means:
  • the film-like and the two plate-like elements must be electrically conductive, or have at least one electrically conductive layer, and they must be electrically insulated from one another.
  • the distance between the film-like element and the plate-like element attracting the same must be at least locally, at least locally, i.e. at least locally in the order of magnitude of a few 0.01 mm.
  • the gap between the film-like element and the plate-like element which is not touched in this state must be as large as possible, ie preferably in the order of magnitude of 1 mm, in the non-thermally conductive state of the panel.
  • the Any contradiction between prerequisites 3 and 4 must be resolved by suitable constructive measures.
  • the film-like element In one of the two desired switching states, for example, the film-like element must be negative, the first of the two plate-shaped elements positive and the second plate-shaped element negative. In the other of the two switching states, for example, the film-like element must again be negative, the first plate-shaped element must also be negative and the second plate-shaped element must be polarized positively.
  • the film-like element can conduct as much heat as possible, it must be metallic - preferably made of copper or at least aluminum - and additionally be as thick as possible.
  • bistability can already be achieved by maintaining an electrical charge that has been generated for as long as possible. This requires very good electrical insulation, which can be expensive. For this reason, bistability should at least be supported mechanically. If it is assumed that the structure is selected so that - as required in point 7 - the film-like element is almost mechanically stress-free in both end positions, it can be assumed that the static friction forces acting between the film-like and plate-shaped element are sufficient for the film in the to hold the respective end position. If the effects mentioned are not sufficient, the film-like element can be constructed in such a way that it has to pass through a "pressure point" between the two, mechanically low-stress, end positions and is therefore mechanically bistable per se. With this option, however, care must be taken that the forces in the pressure point remain as low as possible, because otherwise the switching process can be blocked.
  • Fig. 1 shows a section through the basic structure of a first embodiment of the thermally switchable thermal insulation.
  • Fig. 2 shows a section through the basic structure of a second embodiment of the thermally switchable thermal insulation.
  • Figure la illustrates the principle of a structure in the thermally poor heat-conducting state.
  • An in the range of a few mm thick upper plate-like boundary element (1) the inside of which in the range of a few ⁇ m to a few 0.01 mm thick electrically insulating layer (2) and a plate-like boundary element (3) in the range of a few mm thick, which also has an inside in the range of a few ⁇ m to a few 0.01 mm thick electrical insulating layer (4 ), are connected to one another in a gas-tight manner over their entire circumference by means of a gas-tight edge bond (not shown for reasons of clarity).
  • the edge bond mentioned can correspond, for example, to the known edge bond of a glass composite pane or, in a more complex embodiment, can be similar to the edge bond of a vacuum insulation panel, which is also known from the literature.
  • a gas or a gas mixture at normal pressure can be present inside the closed volume formed in this way, which in the thermally poorly conductive state of the structure leads to an insulation capacity which corresponds to that of a laminated glass pane.
  • the distance between the two boundary plates is in the range from 0.5 mm to 5 mm. In the case of a gas-filled interior, it is 5 mm to 30 mm.
  • boundary plates (1, 3) there are, for example, column-like or wall-like or spherical support elements (6) which ensure the desired distance between the boundary plates (1, 3). Since these support elements (6) are principally thermal bridges, they must have the lowest possible heat conduction. In the event of a negative pressure in the internal volume of the structure, these support elements must absorb the compressive stresses generated by the air pressure, which can certainly be of the order of magnitude of approximately 500 N / mm2. Therefore, only a few materials can be used in the event of an evacuated structure. A first possibility is glass, which has a compressive strength of approx. 2000 N / mm2, but has a relatively high thermal conductivity of approx. 1 W / (m * K).
  • a second option is a high-strength plastic.
  • the polyimide comes into question, which is sold under the brand name Sintimid pur.
  • This plastic has a thermal conductivity of 0.22 W / (m * K) and a compressive strength of approx. 700 N / mm2.
  • other sufficiently pressure-resistant and poorly heat-conducting materials are also suitable for the formation of support elements in the case of an evacuated structure. In the case of a non-evacuated structure, the requirements for pressure resistance are lower, which enables a larger selection of materials.
  • fewer support elements have to be present, or the support elements can even be omitted entirely.
  • a preformed metallic foil 5 lies on the electrically insulating layer (4) of the lower boundary plate (3) - carried out under the support elements.
  • the metal used is either copper or aluminum for reasons of high thermal conductivity.
  • the thickness of the film is a few 0.01 mm.
  • the aforementioned preforming is such that the film has either an elongated fold-like bulge or a plurality of hill-like bulges along the center line of the fields formed by the support elements.
  • slot-like openings are present in the film, for example.
  • the height of the bulge mentioned is so great that the film (5) the upper boundary plate (1) barely not touched, ie there is a gap of a few 0.01 mm to a few 0.1 mm between the upper boundary plate (1) and the film (5).
  • additional spacer elements (7) can be present.
  • the aforementioned preforming of the switching film-like element (5) can either be carried out by means of galvanic growth on a correspondingly shaped substrate, or it can be achieved by means of stamping and embossing.
  • the state of low heat conduction sketched in principle in FIG. 1 a is achieved and maintained by means of electrostatic forces in such a way that the switching film (5) is electrically negatively charged, the lower plate-like boundary element (3) is electrically positively charged and the upper plate-like boundary element (1) is electrically negatively charged. In this way, there are great attractive forces between the oppositely charged elements, while there are no attractive forces between the equally charged elements.
  • the surface of the two contacting surfaces creates different levels of static friction. If, for example, both contacting elements are too rough, the static frictional forces can be so great that the electrostatic forces are no longer sufficient to switch from one state to the other. It is therefore important to ensure that at least one of the two touching ones
  • Elements is structured in such a way that a total static friction is given by the size of the total contact area, which on the one hand enables permanent adhesion and on the other hand enables switching.
  • the corresponding structuring of the surface can easily be achieved, for example, by structuring the insulating layers (2, 4).
  • the basic structure outlined in FIG. 1 is relatively simple, but it has a point which, depending on the one, can either lead to high manufacturing costs or to a relatively high degree of functional uncertainty: the small gap between - due to the necessary size of the electrostatic attractive forces the bulge of the film-like element (5) and the upper plate-like element (1).
  • this gap is in the order of magnitude of a few 0.01 mm to a few 0.1 mm, which, depending on the fact, can only be ensured with great effort in industrial mass production in such a way that in the weakly heat-conducting state (FIG. 1 a) there are never any undesirable contacts arise between the film-like element (5) and the upper plate-like element (1).
  • FIG. 2 shows a basic structure that overcomes this disadvantage in such a way that the entire structure can be manufactured with enormous manufacturing tolerances in the order of magnitude of up to 1 mm.
  • An additional "switching aid element” (28) is an element which is electrically conductive, or has at least one electrically conductive layer, and which is coated with an electrically insulating, thin layer of a thickness between a few 0.001 mm to a few 0.01 mm.
  • This switching aid element (28) is electrically connected to the upper plate-like boundary element (1). In the example shown, it is elongated in a U-shaped cross section and, for example, in the order of magnitude 1 mm thick. It has a base (28.1) and legs or leg surfaces (28.2) protruding from the upper plate-like boundary element.
  • the switching aid element must have an oblique or curved surface against which the switching element can nestle, thus reducing the distance to be bridged between the boundary elements.
  • the film-like, switching element (25) is preformed in the non-switching state (Fig. 2a) so that it has, for example, two elongated bulges which are at a minimal distance from the upper plate-like boundary element (21), which is of the order of half the distance between upper and lower limit element (21 and 23), ie between 0.25 mm and 15 mm, depending on the version.
  • the film-like, switching element (25) is always negatively charged, for example.
  • the lower plate-like boundary element (23) is also negatively charged and the upper plate-like boundary element (21) - and with it the switching aid element (28) - is positively charged. This creates a very high electrostatic attraction at the point of contact between the film-like element (25) and the switching aid element (28), the amount of which essentially depends on the (small) thickness of the electrically insulating layer enveloping the switching aid element (28).
  • FIG. 2 shows an optional guide aid element (29).
  • the guidance aid element (29) is, for example, an additional, U-shaped cross section and, for example, opposing the shifting aid element (28) and, for example, up to a few mm or even as close as possible to 1 mm or less, elongated and with an electrical insulating layer provided element.
  • the guide aid element can also be formed by appropriate shaping of the upper plate-like boundary element (21). If the guide aid element (29) is present, as sketched, the weak heat conduction path along the relatively thin film-like element (25) can be reduced to approximately one tenth, which results in a correspondingly higher heat conduction.
  • the switching element is switched by electrostatic forces.
  • the switching element could, for example, also be designed as a magnetic dipole layer.
  • a magnetic dipole layer contains, for example, a multiplicity of parallel-oriented permanent magnets which are cast as granules to form a film (similar to a computer hard disk).
  • a magnetic field is applied to switch between switching states or to maintain a switching state, either by aligning a permanent magnet or inductively.
  • the invention generally encompasses thermally switchable thermal insulation in which a film-like switching element can be moved back and forth between two states, touching at most one basic element in one state and both basic elements in the other state.
  • thermally switchable elements are not restricted to use in building envelopes.
  • carrier plates for thermally active sensors or for thermally active tools such as embossing tools.
  • thermally active tools such as embossing tools.
  • it is also conceivable to use it as a sheathing for thermally controlled, for example chemical, processes, where, for example, a chemical reaction can be maintained if the sheath is weakly thermally conductive or can be maintained by very little heat supply, while this reaction practically automatically if the sheath is highly thermally conductive aborts.
  • thermally controlled for example chemical

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une isolation thermique commutable, caractérisée en ce qu'un espace fermé est produit entre deux éléments de base (1, 3) sensiblement sous forme de panneaux ou de plaques, à l'aide d'un composite marginal approprié, ledit espace contenant un gaz ou un mélange gazeux à pression normale ou une dépression de type vide, ainsi qu'au moins un élément de commutation (5) de type pelliculaire avec de bonnes capacités de thermoconduction, aisé à placer entre deux couches terminales, qui se trouve en contact permanent avec un des deux éléments de base (3) et contacte l'autre élément de base (1), en fonction de l'état de commutation, soit sur la plus grande surface possible, soit pratiquement pas.
PCT/CH2002/000681 2001-12-11 2002-12-11 Isolation thermique commutable Ceased WO2003054456A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002366844A AU2002366844A1 (en) 2001-12-11 2002-12-11 Switchable thermal insulation

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2257/01 2001-12-11
CH22572001 2001-12-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003054456A1 true WO2003054456A1 (fr) 2003-07-03

Family

ID=4568250

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CH2002/000681 Ceased WO2003054456A1 (fr) 2001-12-11 2002-12-11 Isolation thermique commutable

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2002366844A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003054456A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2991697A1 (fr) * 2012-06-12 2013-12-13 Electricite De France Dispositif d'isolation thermique
FR2991698A1 (fr) * 2012-06-12 2013-12-13 Electricite De France Panneau isolant thermique
GB2506354A (en) * 2012-09-26 2014-04-02 Tbs Building Supplies Ltd Thermal store with conductive thermal switch

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2671441A (en) * 1948-09-10 1954-03-09 Clyde W Harris Variable heat insulating apparatus and solar heating system comprising same
DE1409994A1 (de) * 1961-08-18 1968-12-05 Nikolaus Laing Wandung mit Einrichtungen zur veraenderlichen Reflexion und/oder Absorption elektromagnetischer Strahlung
US3463224A (en) * 1966-10-24 1969-08-26 Trw Inc Thermal heat switch
US3734172A (en) * 1972-01-03 1973-05-22 Trw Inc Electrostatic control method and apparatus
US3920953A (en) * 1969-01-08 1975-11-18 Nikolaus Laing Building plates with controllable heat insulation
US5014481A (en) * 1989-03-13 1991-05-14 Moe Michael K Panel configurable for selective insulation or heat transmission
DE4300839A1 (de) * 1993-01-14 1994-08-04 Michael Klier Schaltbare Wärmebrücke zur Energiegewinnung bzw. -einsparung

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2671441A (en) * 1948-09-10 1954-03-09 Clyde W Harris Variable heat insulating apparatus and solar heating system comprising same
DE1409994A1 (de) * 1961-08-18 1968-12-05 Nikolaus Laing Wandung mit Einrichtungen zur veraenderlichen Reflexion und/oder Absorption elektromagnetischer Strahlung
US3463224A (en) * 1966-10-24 1969-08-26 Trw Inc Thermal heat switch
US3920953A (en) * 1969-01-08 1975-11-18 Nikolaus Laing Building plates with controllable heat insulation
US3734172A (en) * 1972-01-03 1973-05-22 Trw Inc Electrostatic control method and apparatus
US5014481A (en) * 1989-03-13 1991-05-14 Moe Michael K Panel configurable for selective insulation or heat transmission
DE4300839A1 (de) * 1993-01-14 1994-08-04 Michael Klier Schaltbare Wärmebrücke zur Energiegewinnung bzw. -einsparung

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2991697A1 (fr) * 2012-06-12 2013-12-13 Electricite De France Dispositif d'isolation thermique
FR2991698A1 (fr) * 2012-06-12 2013-12-13 Electricite De France Panneau isolant thermique
WO2013186224A1 (fr) 2012-06-12 2013-12-19 Electricite De France Dispositif d'isolation thermique
WO2013186225A1 (fr) 2012-06-12 2013-12-19 Electricite De France Panneau isolant thermique
JP2015526611A (ja) * 2012-06-12 2015-09-10 エレクトリシテ・ドゥ・フランス 断熱装置
JP2015528863A (ja) * 2012-06-12 2015-10-01 エレクトリシテ・ドゥ・フランス 断熱パネル
RU2585772C1 (ru) * 2012-06-12 2016-06-10 Электрисите Де Франс Теплоизоляционная панель
US9481994B2 (en) 2012-06-12 2016-11-01 Electricite De France Thermal insulation device
US9481996B2 (en) 2012-06-12 2016-11-01 Electricite De France Thermal insulating panel
RU2614841C2 (ru) * 2012-06-12 2017-03-29 Электрисите Де Франс Теплоизоляционное устройство
GB2506354A (en) * 2012-09-26 2014-04-02 Tbs Building Supplies Ltd Thermal store with conductive thermal switch

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Publication number Publication date
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