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WO2003051544A1 - Chicanes a surface structuree pour appareils de separation de plusieurs phases - Google Patents

Chicanes a surface structuree pour appareils de separation de plusieurs phases Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003051544A1
WO2003051544A1 PCT/EP2002/014086 EP0214086W WO03051544A1 WO 2003051544 A1 WO2003051544 A1 WO 2003051544A1 EP 0214086 W EP0214086 W EP 0214086W WO 03051544 A1 WO03051544 A1 WO 03051544A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
internals
particles
elevations
packs
phase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2002/014086
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Roos
Markus Oles
Bernhard Schleich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Degussa GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Degussa GmbH filed Critical Degussa GmbH
Priority to AU2002358675A priority Critical patent/AU2002358675A1/en
Publication of WO2003051544A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003051544A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
    • B29C59/022—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing characterised by the disposition or the configuration, e.g. dimensions, of the embossments or the shaping tools therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/04—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
    • B01D11/0415—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid in combination with membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/32—Other features of fractionating columns ; Constructional details of fractionating columns not provided for in groups B01D3/16 - B01D3/30
    • B01D3/324—Tray constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/30—Loose or shaped packing elements, e.g. Raschig rings or Berl saddles, for pouring into the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/32—Packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit or module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B17/00—Methods preventing fouling
    • B08B17/02—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
    • F28F13/185—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
    • B01J2219/304—Composition or microstructure of the elements
    • B01J2219/30416—Ceramic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
    • B01J2219/304—Composition or microstructure of the elements
    • B01J2219/30466—Plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
    • B01J2219/308—Details relating to random packing elements filling or discharging the elements into or from packed columns
    • B01J2219/3081—Orientation of the packing elements within the column or vessel
    • B01J2219/3083—Random or dumped packing elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32—Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/322—Basic shape of the elements
    • B01J2219/32203—Sheets
    • B01J2219/32248—Sheets comprising areas that are raised or sunken from the plane of the sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32—Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/324—Composition or microstructure of the elements
    • B01J2219/32425—Ceramic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32—Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/324—Composition or microstructure of the elements
    • B01J2219/32483—Plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
    • B29C59/022—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing characterised by the disposition or the configuration, e.g. dimensions, of the embossments or the shaping tools therefor
    • B29C2059/023—Microembossing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/0093—Other properties hydrophobic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
    • F28F2245/02—Coatings; Surface treatments hydrophilic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
    • F28F2245/04—Coatings; Surface treatments hydrophobic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/20—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes with nanostructures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to internals for multiphase separators, which have an artificial, surface structure of elevations and depressions, as a result of which the surfaces of these internals are poorly wettable, a process for their production and a multiphase separator and a method in which they are used.
  • the components are separated by mass transfer over a fluid phase interface.
  • fluid phase interface e.g. B. vapor-liquid interfaces in the distillation, gas-liquid interfaces in the absorption and liquid-liquid interfaces in the extraction.
  • These interfaces are usually produced by dispersing the one fluid phase by means of energy input via stirrers or distributors. The preservation or renewal of the interfaces is done via internals such. B. floors, packing or structured packings.
  • the internals are wetted by the dispersed phase (e.g. distillation packs).
  • the Rachig company offers e.g. B. Packings made of polymers that can be completely wetted by a hydrophilizing surface treatment of aqueous solutions.
  • CH-PS-268 258 describes a method in which structured surfaces are produced by applying powders such as kaolin, talc, clay or silica gel.
  • the powders are fixed on the surface by oils and resins based on organosilicon compounds (Examples 1 to 6).
  • this patent does not describe what the grain size distribution is and how the particles are introduced into the matrix.
  • EP 0 909 747 AI teaches a method for producing a self-cleaning surface.
  • the surface has hydrophobic elevations with a height of 5 to 200 ⁇ m.
  • Such a surface is produced by applying a dispersion of powder particles and an inert material in a siloxane solution and then curing. The structure-forming particles are thus fixed to the substrate by an auxiliary medium.
  • Methods for producing structured surfaces in polymers are also known.
  • methods are also known which use the application of particles to a surface, such as. B. described in US 5,599,489. This method also uses an adhesion-promoting layer between particles and bulk material.
  • etching and coating processes for gluing the structure-forming powders and shaping processes using appropriately structured negative molds are suitable.
  • the object of the present invention was to provide internals for multiphase separators which are not or poorly wettable and avoid the disadvantages of pure hydrophobization.
  • the present invention therefore relates to poorly wettable internals for multi-phase separation apparatus according to claim 1, which are characterized in that the internals have an artificial, surface structure of elevations and depressions, the elevations on the surface of the internals a distance of 20 nm to 100 microns and have a height of 20 nm to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the present invention also relates to a method according to claim 10 for producing internals according to one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized in that a surface structure having elevations and depressions is produced on the surface of the internals.
  • the present invention also relates to a multiphase separating apparatus according to claim 22 which has internals, which is characterized in that they have internals with structured surfaces according to one of claims 1 to 9.
  • the present invention relates to a method according to claim 23 for separating a multiphase system, which is characterized in that the method is carried out in a multiphase separating apparatus which has internals according to one of claims 1 to 9.
  • the internals according to the invention have the advantage that they are much slower Deposits due to particles or particles formed in the apparatus form than with conventional internals, since the surface structure of the internals is self-cleaning through contact with the fluid phase interface.
  • the poor wettability of the surface of the internals according to the invention enables greater mixing or a simplified separation of the two phases.
  • the internals of the invention can in particular for extraction, in particular liquid-liquid extraction or for absorption, in particular gas-liquid absorption, such as. B. used in exhaust air washes.
  • the internals for multiphase separators according to the invention have an artificial surface structure of elevations and depressions, as a result of which the surface of these internals is poorly wettable. Such surfaces are often referred to as self-cleaning surfaces.
  • the multiphase separators are customary separators in which the components are separated by mass transfer over a fluid phase interface, e.g. B. distillers or extractors. These phase interfaces are e.g. B. vapor-liquid interfaces in the distillation, gas-liquid interfaces in the absorption and liquid-liquid interfaces in the extraction. These interfaces are usually produced by dispersing one fluid phase in the other by means of energy input via stirrers or distributors. The maintenance or renewal of the interfaces is achieved through the internals.
  • the internals according to the invention in the multi-phase separators can be conventional internals, such as. B. those that are selected from the group of floors, plates, structured packings or fillings or packed beds.
  • the internals can from the various materials known for internals, such as. B. plastics such. B. poly (vinylidene fluoride), poly (ethylene), Teflon or poly (propylene), metals such as. B. stainless steel, ceramics such. B. Al 2 O 3 , earthenware, glass, carbon or similar materials and composite materials.
  • the internals according to the invention are very particularly preferably constructed from at least one material selected from the group of stainless steels or ceramics. It can be advantageous if the internals have coatings made of glass or plastic.
  • Poorly wettable internals are understood to mean in particular those which have an advancing and retracting angle of more than 140 °, preferably more than 145 ° and very particularly preferably more than 150 °.
  • the poorly wettable internals for multi-phase separation apparatuses are characterized in that the internals have an artificial, surface structure of elevations and depressions, the elevations on the surface of the internals being a distance of 20 nm to 100 ⁇ m and a height of 20 nm to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the elevations on the surface of the internals are at a distance of 50 nm to 25 ⁇ m, preferably 100 nm to 10 ⁇ m and very particularly preferably 500 nm to 1 ⁇ m.
  • the distance between the elevations is understood to mean the distance between the peaks or highest elevations of the elevations.
  • the elevations on the surface of the internals have a height of 50 nm to 25 ⁇ m, preferably 100 nm to 10 ⁇ m and very particularly preferably 500 nm to 1 ⁇ m.
  • the elevations can have a wide variety of shapes.
  • the elevations preferably have the shape of pyramids, cones, needles, hemispheres, spheres or ridges.
  • the elevations can be structures applied to the surface or can be elevations between recesses that have been made in the surface.
  • the indentations can be introduced into the surface in particular by embossing or molding.
  • the elevations and depressions are formed in that the internals have particles on their surface.
  • Particles which can be used are particles which comprise at least one material selected from silicates, doped or pyrogenic silicates, minerals, metal oxides, silicas. Have metals or polymers.
  • particles are used which have a particle diameter of 0.02 to 100 ⁇ m, particularly preferably from 0.2 to 50 ⁇ m and very particularly preferably from 0.3 to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the surfaces of the internals according to the invention have the individual particles on the surface preferably at intervals of 0 to 10 particle diameter, particularly preferably at intervals of 2 to 8 particle diameter, in particular from 4 to 8 or 2 to 3 particle diameter.
  • the particles can also be present as aggregates or agglomerates, whereby according to DIN 53 206, aggregates are understood to be flat or edge-shaped primary particles (particles) and agglomerates of primary particles (particles). As particles it is also possible to use particles which aggregate from primary particles to form agglomerates or aggregates with a size of 0.2-100 ⁇ m.
  • the particles used have a structured surface. Particles which have an irregular fine structure in the nanometer range on the surface are preferably used.
  • the fine structure of the particles is preferably a jagged structure with elevations and / or depressions in the nanometer range.
  • the elevations preferably have an average height of 20 to 500 nm, particularly preferably 50 to 200 nm.
  • the distance between the elevations or depressions on the particles is preferably less than 500 nm, very particularly preferably less than 200 nm.
  • particles in particular as particles which have an irregular fine structure in the nanometer range on the surface, those particles are preferably used which contain at least one compound selected from pyrogenic silica, aluminum oxide, Have silicon oxide, pyrogenic silicates or powdered polymers or metals. It can be advantageous if the particles used have hydrophobic properties. Particularly suitable particles are, inter alia, hydrophobicized pyrogenic silicas, so-called aerosils.
  • the internals may have particles that have hydrophobic properties.
  • the hydrophobic properties of the particles may be inherent due to the material used for the particles.
  • hydrophobized particles can also be used, which, for. B. by treatment with at least one compound from the group of alkylsilanes, perfluoroalkylsilanes, paraffins, waxes, fatty acid esters, functionalized long-chain alkane derivatives or alkyldisilazanes, have hydrophobic properties.
  • the internals according to the invention are preferably produced by the method according to the invention for producing these internals.
  • a surface structure which has elevations or depressions, is produced on the surface of the internals.
  • Standard internals as described above, can be used as the starting material for producing the internals according to the invention.
  • the surface of the internals is at least partially hydrophobized.
  • This partial hydrophobization of the surface can e.g. B. by treatment with at least one compound from the group of alkylsilanes, perfluoroalkylsilanes, paraffins, waxes, fatty acid esters, functionalized long-chain alkane derivatives or alkyldisilazanes.
  • the surface of the internals is hydrophilized. This can be the case in particular if the internals are to be used in an extraction apparatus in which disperse organic phases are to be separated. Due to the hydrophilization, particularly high retraction angles for the organic phases are achieved and thus a particularly good self-cleaning effect or particularly poor wettability is achieved.
  • the surface can in particular be treated with at least one compound from the group of Alcoholates of transition metals, the chelates of transition metal alcoholates or alkoxysilanes, are at least partially hydrophilized.
  • the surface structure can be created on the surface of the internals themselves. This can e.g. B. done in that a surface structure is generated by applying and fixing particles on the surface of the internals. The particles can be applied and fixed by gluing, embossing, rolling or storing on or in the surface of the internals.
  • Various newer fixing or embossing methods which are not to be described in more detail here, can be found, inter alia, in patent applications DE 10129116.7, DE 10138036.4 and DE 10134477.5.
  • the particles are introduced into the surface of the polymer during the spinning process after the polymer melt has emerged from the spinneret by means of a gas stream.
  • the particles are fixed to the polymer fibers by solidification of the polymers. Fixation methods are similar to those skilled in the art, in which the particles are introduced into a viscous surface or applied to a viscous surface, and the viscous surface solidifies by cooling, evaporation of solvents or by chemical reaction.
  • DE 10134477 describes a method for producing self-cleaning surfaces with a self-regenerating self-cleaning effect, in which a suitable, at least partially hydrophobic surface structure is created by fixing particles on a surface by means of a carrier, a mixture of particles and binder being used as the carrier.
  • a carrier that does not contain any particles is also conceivable, which then corresponds to a normal adhesive process.
  • the particles having an at least partially hydrophobic surface can be replaced by at least partially hydrophilic particles depending on the intended use.
  • Particles can be used as particles which are at least one material selected from Silicates, doped or pyrogenic silicates, minerals, metal oxides, silicas. Have metals or polymers. Preferably particles are used which have a particle diameter of 0.02 to 100 ⁇ m, particularly preferably from 0.2 to 50 ⁇ m and very particularly preferably from 0.3 to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the particles can also be in the form of aggregates or agglomerates, in accordance with DIN 53 206 being understood as aggregates of primary particles (particles) which are arranged flat or edge-to-edge, and agglomerates of primary particles (particles) which are connected at points.
  • particles it is also possible to use particles which aggregate from primary particles to form agglomerates or aggregates with a size of 0.2-100 ⁇ m.
  • the particles used have a structured surface. Particles which have an irregular fine structure in the nanometer range on the surface are preferably used.
  • the fine structure of the particles is preferably a jagged structure with elevations and / or depressions in the nanometer range.
  • the elevations preferably have an average height of 20 to 500 nm, particularly preferably 50 to 200 nm.
  • the distance between the elevations or depressions on the particles is preferably less than 500 nm, very particularly preferably less than 200 nm.
  • particles in particular as particles which have an irregular fine structure in the nanometer range on the surface, those particles are preferably used which have at least one compound selected from pyrogenic silica, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, pyrogenic silicates or powdery polymers or metals. It can be advantageous if the particles used have hydrophobic properties. Particularly suitable particles are, inter alia, hydrophobicized pyrogenic silicas, so-called aerosils.
  • the internals may have particles that have hydrophobic properties.
  • the hydrophobic properties of the particles may be inherent due to the material used for the particles.
  • hydrophobized particles can also be used be the z. B. by treatment with at least one compound from the group of alkylsilanes, perfluoroalkylsilanes, paraffins, waxes, fatty acid esters, functionalized long-chain alkane derivatives or alkyldisilazanes, have hydrophobic properties.
  • the particles on the surface of the internals are provided with hydrophobic properties.
  • the particles are preferably provided with hydrophobic properties by treatment with at least one compound from the group of the alkylsilanes, perfluoroalkylsilanes, paraffins, waxes, fatty acid esters, functionalized long-chain alkane derivatives or alkyldisilazanes.
  • the surface structures are also produced on the surface of the internals themselves.
  • the surface structure can be produced by changing the surface of the internals.
  • the shaping or structuring of the surface can be done by embossing / rolling or at the same time in the macroscopic shaping of the internals such. B. casting, injection molding or other molding processes. The corresponding negative forms of the desired structure are required for this.
  • Negative forms can be used industrially e.g. B. with the Ligatechnik (R. Wechsung in Mikroelektronik, 9, 1995, p. 34 ff.).
  • one or more masks are first produced by electron beam lithography with the dimensions of the desired elevations. These masks are used to expose a layer of photoresist by means of deep X-ray lithography, whereby a positive shape is obtained. The gaps in the photoresist are then filled by electrodeposition of a metal. The metal structure thus obtained is a negative form for the desired structure.
  • the surface structure is produced as a film or on a film which is on the surface of the Internals is transferred.
  • the production of such films is e.g. B. in EP 0 933 388 or more specifically described in DE 10138036.4.
  • the structured surfaces described in DE 10138036, the structure of which is formed by elevations, are distinguished by the fact that adjacent elevations are connected by ridges which have a lower average height than the elevations connected by them. In DE 10138036.4 z. B.
  • a process for the production of structured surfaces by molding a negative shape onto an unstructured surface, in which the negative shape has a surface made up of parts of spheres or rounded truncated pyramids and valley-shaped incisions between the spherical parts.
  • the ridges connecting the surveys achieve a significantly higher stability of the structures.
  • Any other negative form with which surveys of the required dimensions can be produced can also be used.
  • the embossing can be done by embossing or rolling or, in the case of macroscopic shaping of the internals, by casting, injection molding or in mold decoration (IMD) onto the surface.
  • the internals according to the invention can be used in multiphase separators of the known type.
  • the subject matter according to the invention also includes all other methods for separating multiphase systems, which are characterized in that the methods are carried out in a multiphase separating apparatus which have internals according to one of claims 1 to 9.
  • methods for separating a multiphase system in a multiphase separating apparatus which have internals according to one of claims 1 to 9 preferred, in which one or more of the inlet streams of the multiphase system contain particles whose deposition on the surface of the internals is reduced or avoided due to the self-cleaning effect.
  • the internals according to the invention are suitable for carrying out processes for separating a multiphase system in a multiphase separator, particles forming in the apparatus, the deposition of which on the surface of the internals according to the invention is reduced or avoided due to the self-cleaning effect.
  • Built-ins can e.g. B. by an injection molding process in combination with a by LIGA
  • the LIGA process is a structuring process that is based on the basic processes of X-ray lithography, electroplating and molding.
  • the method differs from micromechanics in that the structures are not produced by an etching process in the base material but are inexpensively molded using a tool in the injection molding process.
  • the lacquer structure produced in this way is used as a form for an electroplating process in which a metal alloy is deposited in the exposed spaces. Then the lacquer structure is removed and the remaining metal structure is used for the impression tool (G. Gerlach, W. Dötzel "Fundamentals of micro system technology” Carl Hanser Verlag Kunststoff, 1997, page 60f).
  • the angle is determined at which a drop of water is no longer rolling.
  • the resulting roll angle of 0.1 ° is significantly smaller than without a structured surface, in which a roll angle of more than 55 ° was obtained.
  • the adjustable inclined plane with this structure is immersed in the water-miscible solvent n-hexane.
  • a drop of water is applied to the surface covered by the hexane. Again, the angle at which the drop no longer rolls is determined for the applied water drop.
  • the resulting roll angle of 0.1 is also significantly smaller than that of a non-structured surface where the angle is 20 °.
  • Example 3 Internals as described in Example 1 were dusted with soot. These model impurities were almost completely removed from the surface of the internals by water sprinkling. Soot is removed from the surface by the rolling water drops.
  • Example 3 Example 3:
  • Example 2 Internals structured on the underside, as described in Example 1, were sprayed with water droplets from below. Compared to unstructured internals, it results in a significantly lower amount of adhering drops. The poor wettability of the surface of the internals according to the invention enables greater mixing or simplified separation of two phases.
  • 1 and 2 show scanning electron microscopic images (SEM images) of surface-structured internals according to the invention.
  • 1 shows the SEM image of a microstructured film with a conical structure for internals.
  • 2 shows an SEM image of a periodic microstructure for internals.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Dans les séparateurs utilisés en ingénierie thermique, la séparation des composants se fait par le passage de la matière par une interface de phase fluide. Ces interfaces sont, par exemple, des phases vapeur-liquide lors de la distillation, gaz-liquide lors de l'absorption et liquide-liquide lors de l'extraction. Ces interfaces sont usuellement réalisées par dispersion d'une phase fluide au moyen d'un apport énergétique par agitateur, pompe, ventilateur ou distributeur. Des chicanes telles que des plateaux, des garnissages de colonne ou des garnitures structurées permettent de créer ou de renouveler les interfaces, le perfectionnement des équipements utilisés pouvant optimiser de tels processus de séparation de phases. C'est pourquoi l'invention vise à créer des chicanes pour des appareils de séparation de plusieurs phases, lesquelles chicanes ont une structure de surface artificielle composée d'élévations et de cavités, cette surface étant par conséquent difficilement mouillable. Les chicanes selon l'invention ont l'avantage de permettre une formation de dépôt beaucoup plus lente que les chicanes classiques. En particulier pour les chicanes dans des appareils d'extraction comme, par exemple, des garnitures ou des auxiliaires de coalescence en plaques, la faible mouillabilité de la surface des chicanes selon l'invention favorise le mélange et la séparation finale des phases.
PCT/EP2002/014086 2001-12-19 2002-12-11 Chicanes a surface structuree pour appareils de separation de plusieurs phases Ceased WO2003051544A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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AU2002358675A AU2002358675A1 (en) 2001-12-19 2002-12-11 Structured-surface packs for multi-phase separators

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE2001162457 DE10162457A1 (de) 2001-12-19 2001-12-19 Oberflächenstrukturierte Einbauten für Mehrphasentrennapparate
DE10162457.3 2001-12-19

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EP1340536A3 (fr) * 2002-02-28 2004-06-16 Rauschert Verfahrenstechnik GmbH Utilisation de corps moulés
FR2929134A1 (fr) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-02 Air Liquide Procede de fabrication d'un garnissage ondule-croise
EP2186559A3 (fr) * 2008-11-12 2010-08-18 Basf Se Garnissage de colonnes d'échange de chaleur ou de matière
US9919303B2 (en) 2012-08-21 2018-03-20 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Branched-chain fatty acids as liquid cation exchangers

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1340536A3 (fr) * 2002-02-28 2004-06-16 Rauschert Verfahrenstechnik GmbH Utilisation de corps moulés
FR2929134A1 (fr) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-02 Air Liquide Procede de fabrication d'un garnissage ondule-croise
WO2009118496A3 (fr) * 2008-03-28 2010-03-18 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procede de fabrication d ' un garnissage ondule-croise presentant des zones de ' mouillage reduit
EP2186559A3 (fr) * 2008-11-12 2010-08-18 Basf Se Garnissage de colonnes d'échange de chaleur ou de matière
US9919303B2 (en) 2012-08-21 2018-03-20 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Branched-chain fatty acids as liquid cation exchangers

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AU2002358675A1 (en) 2003-06-30

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