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WO2003043122A1 - Protection contre les rayonnements electromagnetiques - Google Patents

Protection contre les rayonnements electromagnetiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003043122A1
WO2003043122A1 PCT/GB2002/005091 GB0205091W WO03043122A1 WO 2003043122 A1 WO2003043122 A1 WO 2003043122A1 GB 0205091 W GB0205091 W GB 0205091W WO 03043122 A1 WO03043122 A1 WO 03043122A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
substrate
user
handset
head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2002/005091
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Edwards
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
University of Sheffield
Original Assignee
University of Sheffield
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by University of Sheffield filed Critical University of Sheffield
Publication of WO2003043122A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003043122A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/08—Means for collapsing antennas or parts thereof
    • H01Q1/085—Flexible aerials; Whip aerials with a resilient base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/245—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with means for shaping the antenna pattern, e.g. in order to protect user against rf exposure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/3827—Portable transceivers
    • H04B1/3833—Hand-held transceivers
    • H04B1/3838—Arrangements for reducing RF exposure to the user, e.g. by changing the shape of the transceiver while in use

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to antennas, in particular but not exclusively antennas for mobile telephone handsets, which have a low specific absorption rate in relation to radiation emitted therefrom in the direction_Qf a user's head.
  • Mobile radio telephones such as those using the GSM system, have become extremely popular in recent years. These telephones generally operate using the microwave part of the electromagnetic spectrum, typically at frequencies in the range of 900 to 2300MHz, although higher frequencies are being used more and more with broadband and "3G" (third generation) services.
  • SAR specific absorption rate
  • an antenna for a mobile telephone handset comprising a flexible conductive groundplane formed on a first side of a flexible dielectric substrate and at least one flexible conductive antenna element formed in the substrate or on a second side thereof opposed to the first, wherein the antenna is adapted for connection to a handset in such a way that, when the handset is held against a"user's head in a normal speaking position, the substrate is positionable such that the second side thereof faces away from the user's head.
  • the substrate (when connected to a handset) is positionable so as to pass over the back of a user's hand when the user holds the handset to his or her head in such a way that the antenna is separated from the user's head by the user's hand.
  • an antenna for a mobile communications device comprising a flexible conductive groundplane formed on a first side of a generally laminar, flexible, ribbon-like dielectric substrate and at least one flexible conductive antenna element formed in the substrate or on a second side thereof opposed to the first.
  • the ribbon-like dielectric substrate is advantageously adapted for connection to a part of a mobile communications device handset so that it will tend to drape over the back of a user's hand when the handset is held to the user's head in normal use, the second side of the substrate facing away from the user's head.
  • the part of the handset to which the substrate is adapted for connection may be a rear part of a handset casing, or may be any other appropriate part.
  • a mobile telephone handset having an antenna in the form of a flexible conductive groundplane formed on a first side of a flexible dielectric substrate and at least one flexible conductive antenna element formed in the substrate or on a second side thereof opposed to the first, the substrate being connected to the handset in such a way that, when the handset is held against a user's head during use, the second side of the substrate faces away from the user's head.
  • the substrate is positionable so as . to pass over the back of a user's hand when the user holds the handset to his or her head in such a way that the antenna is separated from the user's head by the user's hand.
  • the present invention is based upon the fact that it is not necessary for a handset antenna to have a line-of-sight to a base station antenna because of scattering effects (including reflection and diffraction) caused by buildings and other structures which tend to be part of the urban and suburban environment in which handsets are generally used.
  • This scattering means that signals transmitted from the handset antenna need not initially be aimed in the direction of the nearest base station, but will tend to reach the base station antenna by virtue of reflection and scattering in many directions.
  • an antenna with any directional radiation pattern may be employed on a mobile handset. Suitable radiation patterns include general hemispherical, cartoid and unidirectional, with or without perturbations, or other directional shapes.
  • radiation can be directed generally away from a user's head/hand/shoulder, thus giving a low or near- zero SAR, while still allowing effective communication with a base station antenna (this possibly being assisted by scattering effects caused by buildings and other large structures). Furthermore, by encouraging a user to position the antenna so that it is separated, in use, from the user's head by the user's hand, it is possible to provide additional shielding of the user's head from radiation that may interact more readily with brain and/or eye tissue than with tissue in the user's hand.
  • the conductive antenna element of the antenna is printed, sputtered or electrodeposited onto one side of the flexible dielectric substrate, or may be embedded therein.
  • the conductive element may be formed as a microstrip, and may have a monopole, dipole, spiral, ring, loop, patch, bow-tie, meander, zig-zag, Yagi, slot, post, fractal, triangular or circular configuration or arrays of such configurations.
  • a suitable material for the conductive element is copper, although other conductive materials may be equally suitable.
  • the elements may be oriented in different directions so as to provide antenna diversity (which can reduce drop-outs) and possible direction finding capability. Furthermore, by providing more than one conductive element and by choosing the shape, configuration and material of the conductive elements appropriately, a multi-band antenna having more than one resonant frequency may be obtained.
  • the flexible dielectric substrate and the conductive elements may be sufficiently flexible so as to hang or drape freely under gravity.
  • the flexible dielectric substrate may be made of a thin plastics or other dielectric material which flexes freely in the manner of a flag or pennant.
  • the flexible dielectric substrate may have sufficient stiffness so as to hold a given spatial configuration when flexed.
  • the substrate may take the form of a flexible part of a housing for a mobile telephone or other communications equipment such as a personal digital assistant (PDA), laptop computer or other devices.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • the antenna of the present invention may be connected at one or both ends to a mobile telephone or other communications device.
  • the antenna and substrate will have a surface area similar in size to a surface area of a mobile telephone to which it is or may be attached.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a first embodiment of an antenna of the present invention fitted to a mobile telephone handset
  • FIGURE 2 shows a second embodiment of an antenna of the present invention fitted to a mobile telephone handset
  • FIGURE 3 shows a third embodiment of an antenna of the present invention fitted to a mobile telephone handset
  • FIGURE 4 shows a fourth embodiment of an antenna of the present invention fitted to a mobile telephone handset
  • FIGURE 5 shows a fifth embodiment of an antenna of the present invention fitted to a mobile telephone handset.
  • Figure 1 shows an antenna 1 comprising a thin, flexible, ribbon-like dielectric substrate 2 having a flexible conductive groundplane 6 formed on a first side thereof and a flexible conductive copper microstrip 3 printed on a second side thereof opposed to the first.
  • the microstrip 3 extends all the way to one end 4 of the substrate 2, but stops short of the other end 5.
  • the end 4 of the substrate is adapted for connection to a handset 7 of a mobile telephone or other communications device, with the microstrip 3 being adapted for electrical connection to an antenna output thereof.
  • the antenna 1 is flexible enough so as to tend to drape over the back of a user's hand when the handset 7 is held to the user's head in normal use, with the microstrip 3 being separated from a user's head by the groundplane 6.
  • the antenna 1 preferably has an overall thickness of 0.5mm to 5mm.
  • the substrate 2, microstrip 3 and groundplane 6 are preferably configured so that the antenna 1 as a whole is flexible in the manner of a ribbon.
  • Figure 2 shows a first alternative antenna 1 configuration, wherein the microstrip 3 is formed as a spiral.
  • One end of the spiral microstrip 3 is electrically connected to an antenna output of the handset 7. It can be seen how the antenna 1 tends to drape over the back of a user's hand 8 when the handset 7 is in normal use, with the microstrip 3 facing away from the user's head.
  • Figure 3 shows a second alternative antenna 1 configuration, wherein there is provided a pair of substantially parallel microstrips 3. One end of each microstrip 3 is electrically connected to an antenna output of the handset 7. It can be seen how the antenna 1 tends to drape over the back of a user's hand 8 when the handset 7 is in normal use, with the microstrips 3 facing away from the user's head.
  • Figure 4 shows a third alternative antenna 1 configuration, wherein the microstrip 3 is formed in a bow-tie configuration.
  • the microstrip 3 is electrically connected to an antenna output of the handset 7. It can be seen how the antenna 1 tends to drape over the back of a user's hand 8 when the handset 7 is in normal use, with the microstrip 3 facing away from the user's head.
  • Figure 5 shows a fourth alternative antenna 1 configuration, wherein there is provided a pair of cruciform microstrips 3, 3' arranged at 45° to each other.
  • the microstrips 3, V are electrically connected to an antenna output of the handset 7. It can be seen how the antenna 1 tends to drape over the back of a user's hand 8 when the handset 7 is in normal use, with the microstrips 3, 3' facing away from the user's head. Because the cruciform microstrips 3, 3' are oriented at 45° to each other, they have improved sensitivity to signals from a wide range of incident directions.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Telephone Set Structure (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une antenne (1) composée d'un substrat ruban souple (2) dont un côté comporte en impression un élément d'antenne conducteur (3). Cette antenne (1) est conçue pour être branchée sur un combiné téléphonique mobile (6), de façon que le côté du substrat (2) sur lequel l'élément conducteur (3) est imprimé sera orienté dans le sens contraire de la tête de l'utilisateur. Cette antenne (1) est une antenne directionnelle possédant un taux d'absorption spécifique mesuré égal ou proche de zéro dans le volume occupé normalement par la tête de l'utilisateur.
PCT/GB2002/005091 2001-11-13 2002-11-12 Protection contre les rayonnements electromagnetiques Ceased WO2003043122A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0127208.7 2001-11-13
GB0127208A GB2381952A (en) 2001-11-13 2001-11-13 Flexible substrate antenna for mobile telephone

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003043122A1 true WO2003043122A1 (fr) 2003-05-22

Family

ID=9925672

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2002/005091 Ceased WO2003043122A1 (fr) 2001-11-13 2002-11-12 Protection contre les rayonnements electromagnetiques

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2381952A (fr)
WO (1) WO2003043122A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013038099A1 (fr) 2011-09-12 2013-03-21 Abel Franco Garcia Dispositif multi-déphaseur pour la protection des personnes contre les ondes électromagnétiques

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0323285D0 (en) * 2003-10-04 2003-11-05 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Device and method of making a device having a patterned layer on a flexible substrate
CN101019335A (zh) 2004-08-20 2007-08-15 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 无线终端、无线模块和制造这种终端的方法
FR2888050A1 (fr) * 2005-06-30 2007-01-05 Pierrette Wehrlen Systeme d'antennes passives de protection biologique
US9209514B2 (en) 2013-08-09 2015-12-08 Motorola Solutions, Inc. Body-worn antenna
EP3648251A1 (fr) 2018-10-29 2020-05-06 AT & S Austria Technologie & Systemtechnik Aktiengesellschaft Intégration de tous les composants nécessaires pour transmettre/recevoir un rayonnement électromagnétique dans une porteuse de composants
FR3095084B1 (fr) 2019-04-09 2021-10-01 Pgp Holding Dispositif electromagnetique

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2754942A1 (fr) * 1996-10-23 1998-04-24 Thomson Csf Systeme antennaire pour poste radiotelephone portatif
JPH10224134A (ja) * 1997-02-06 1998-08-21 Jisedai Eisei Tsushin Hoso Syst Kenkyusho:Kk ハンドヘルド型携帯電話機
US5838285A (en) * 1995-12-05 1998-11-17 Motorola, Inc. Wide beamwidth antenna system and method for making the same
US6188364B1 (en) * 1998-11-13 2001-02-13 Allgon Ab Matched antenna device and a portable radio communication device including a matched antenna device
JP2001339221A (ja) * 2000-05-29 2001-12-07 Tokin Corp 携帯型端末装置

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2289163B (en) * 1994-05-03 1998-12-23 Quantum Communications Group I Antenna device and mobile telephone
GB2322011A (en) * 1997-02-04 1998-08-12 Ico Services Ltd Antenna and fabrication method
WO2001037366A1 (fr) * 1999-11-15 2001-05-25 Motorola, Inc. Antenne a plaque deformable

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5838285A (en) * 1995-12-05 1998-11-17 Motorola, Inc. Wide beamwidth antenna system and method for making the same
FR2754942A1 (fr) * 1996-10-23 1998-04-24 Thomson Csf Systeme antennaire pour poste radiotelephone portatif
JPH10224134A (ja) * 1997-02-06 1998-08-21 Jisedai Eisei Tsushin Hoso Syst Kenkyusho:Kk ハンドヘルド型携帯電話機
US6188364B1 (en) * 1998-11-13 2001-02-13 Allgon Ab Matched antenna device and a portable radio communication device including a matched antenna device
JP2001339221A (ja) * 2000-05-29 2001-12-07 Tokin Corp 携帯型端末装置

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 13 30 November 1998 (1998-11-30) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2002, no. 04 4 August 2002 (2002-08-04) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013038099A1 (fr) 2011-09-12 2013-03-21 Abel Franco Garcia Dispositif multi-déphaseur pour la protection des personnes contre les ondes électromagnétiques

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2381952A (en) 2003-05-14
GB0127208D0 (en) 2002-01-02

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