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WO2002032163A2 - Procede d'exploitation d'un systeme de communication semi-duplex asymetrique - Google Patents

Procede d'exploitation d'un systeme de communication semi-duplex asymetrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002032163A2
WO2002032163A2 PCT/US2001/029829 US0129829W WO0232163A2 WO 2002032163 A2 WO2002032163 A2 WO 2002032163A2 US 0129829 W US0129829 W US 0129829W WO 0232163 A2 WO0232163 A2 WO 0232163A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
downlink
uplink
time
channels
time slots
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2001/029829
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English (en)
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WO2002032163A3 (fr
Inventor
Paul Dent
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ericsson Inc
Original Assignee
Ericsson Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ericsson Inc filed Critical Ericsson Inc
Priority to EP01973443A priority Critical patent/EP1325654A2/fr
Priority to JP2002535419A priority patent/JP2004511981A/ja
Priority to AU2001293020A priority patent/AU2001293020A1/en
Publication of WO2002032163A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002032163A2/fr
Publication of WO2002032163A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002032163A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
    • H04W28/20—Negotiating bandwidth

Definitions

  • the invention relates to wireless radio devices, such as mobile terminals, for receiving data at a higher data rate than they transmit data.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,539,730 issued July 23, 1996 to the present inventor and entitled “TDMA/F DMA/CD MA Hybrid Radio Access Methods," describes asymmetrical communications systems that may employ different channel spacing and time slot durations in each direction of data transmission when the traffic flow in each direction in bits per second is the same, as in voice telephone calls. Equal traffic flow in both directions is therein achieved by ensuring that the product of the time slot duration and the channel bandwidth or data rate is the same in both directions.
  • the teachings of said Patent No. 5,539,730 are specifically incorporated herein by reference.
  • a server is typically a larger and more expensive computer having enormous storage space and multiple simultaneous input/output (I/O) capability, as compared to a subscriber terminal that may be a handheld device.
  • I/O input/output
  • the introduction of portable wireless subscriber terminals as a further development of mobile terminals or phones draws the wireless interface across the connections between mobile subscriber terminals and predominantly fixed servers, thereby creating an asymmetrical net traffic flow in the two directions across the wireless interface.
  • This asymmetrical net traffic flow is not evident in the fixed network, as servers exhibit the opposite asymmetry to subscriber terminals, making the traffic flow in total symmetrical.
  • the asymmetry for the wireless connection can be seen to be due to the relative absence of mobile servers, as they are not so portable as handheld devices.
  • the invention meets this and other needs by providing a subscriber mobile terminal for accessing the Internet while on the move, and a wireless Internet server network in communication with a plurality of mobile terminals.
  • the mobile terminals in total receive more data from the network servers or base stations than they transmit in reply, a division of the wireless spectrum into uplink spectrum and downlink spectrum is made proportionally to the ratio of total uplink data flow to downlink data flow.
  • an amount of downlink spectrum (relative to a mobile terminal) is allocated for communication in the direction network station to mobile terminal while a lesser amount of uplink spectrum is allocated for communication in the direction mobile terminal to network station, such that the allocated amounts of uplink and downlink spectrum are in proportion to the total data traffic in the respective uplink and downlink directions.
  • a further implementation of the invention may be used where already allocated spectrum does not lend itself to being divided into a downlink band and an unequal uplink band while preserving adequate frequency spacing between any uplink channel and any downlink channel. Without such spacing, a mobile terminal transmitting in the same cell and adjacent in position and frequency to a receiving mobile terminal can cause unacceptable interference. Therefore, in this implementation the entire allocated spectrum is used for the downlink for a first portion of a repetitive frame period and for the uplink for a second portion of the frame period, the first and second portions of the frame period being in the ratio of the total downlink to total uplink traffic.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a prior art asymmetrical TDMA format
  • Fig. 2 shows, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, achieving unequal data rates on the uplink and downlink and a commensurate division of the total amount of frequency spectrum;
  • Fig. 3 shows a frequency/time utilization diagram for another embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment of the invention in which uplink and downlink transmission periods are interleaved
  • Fig. 5 shows a 3-slot time reuse plan based on 3-sector cells
  • Fig. 6 illustrates time reuse together with asymmetrical frequency allocations in uplink/downlink transmissions in accordance with still another embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 7A illustrates time reuse, asymmetrical frequency allocations in uplink/downlink transmissions and staggered uplink/downlink channel timing slots in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 7B illustrates time reuse, asymmetrical frequency allocations in uplink/downlink transmissions and staggered uplink/downlink channel timing slots in accordance with a still further embodiment of the invention.
  • the capacity for serving mobile terminals used in a mobile communications system is improved. This is accomplished by dividing the wireless spectrum into uplink and downlink generally proportional to ratio of uplink dataflow to downlink dataflow.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a known asymmetrical TDMA (time-division multiple access) format according to above-incorporated Patent No. 5,539,730, in which there is equal traffic flow and equal capacity on the uplink and the downlink.
  • a base or network station transmits sequentially in time slot 1 , time slot 2 and time slot 3, using a first downlink frequency band.
  • a first mobile terminal 1 receives time slot 1 transmitted by the base station in an overlapping mobile terminal 1 receive time slot, and then transmits to the base station in a mobile terminal 1 transmit time slot which does not overlap in time with the mobile terminal 1 receive time slot, thereby avoiding the need for a transmit/receive duplexing filter at the mobile terminal.
  • the mobile terminal 1 transmit time slot occupies a narrower bandwidth for a proportionally longer time than the corresponding base station transmit time slot 1 , while the time/bandwidth product is the same in both directions when the traffic flow rate in the two directions, i.e., in the uplink and downlink directions, is equal.
  • a base station transmit time slot 2 is used to transmit to another mobile terminal 2, which receives in an overlapping mobile terminal 2 receive time slot and then transmits to the base station in a mobile terminal 2 transmit time slot.
  • the receive/transmit timing of mobile terminal 2 is a delayed version of the receive/ transmit timing of mobile terminal 1 , i.e. the receive/transmit timing for mobile terminal 2 is advanced by the duration of one base station transmit time slot. Since this is less than the duration of the mobile terminal 1 transmit time slot, mobile terminal 1 is still transmitting when the mobile terminal 2 transmit time slot begins.
  • the term "mobile terminal” may include a mobile communications radiotelephone with or without a multi-line display; a Personal Communications System (PCS) terminal that may combine a mobile communications radiotelephone with data processing, facsimile and data communications capabilities; a PDA that can include a radiotelephone, pager, Internet/intranet access, Web browser, organizer, calendar and/or a global positioning system (GPS) receiver; and a conventional laptop and/or palmtop receiver or other appliance that includes a radiotelephone transceiver.
  • Mobile terminals may also be referred to as "pervasive computing" devices.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, achieving unequal data rates on the uplink and downlink and a commensurate division of the total amount of spectrum between uplink and downlink.
  • Three channels, Fdownl, Fdown2 and Fdown3, which are assigned different frequencies, are allocated to downlink transmissions in the network or base station to mobile terminal direction, and each channel is divided into eight time slots tl, t2 . . . t8.
  • 3:1 asymmetry exists between downlink and uplink, and only one uplink channel frequency Fup is allocated for uplink transmissions in the base station to mobile terminal direction.
  • the uplink frame is divided into 24 time slots t11-t13, t21 - 123, . . . t81 - 183, the indices respectively indicating to which of the eight downlink time slots and three downlink channels or frequencies each uplink time slot corresponds.
  • the uplink time slots are 1/3 the duration of a downlink time slot, so to preserve like timing for all channels, every third uplink time slot is paired with an associated downlink time slot on a respective downlink channel frequency, and those in between uplink time slots are paired likewise with downlink time slots on other downlink channel frequencies.
  • the downlink time slot timing is staggered by one uplink time slot between different downlink frequency channels to preserve the same relative downlink/uplink time slot timing.
  • the importance of providing the same downlink/uplink time slot timing for all network/mobile terminal links is to avoid protocol changes in such matters as whether a packet can be acknowledged immediately after it is received, with due allowance for any processing delays. If there were variable delays between uplink and downlink time slots, different links may be needed to use variations in the protocol to allow for processing delays, which is undesirable.
  • the invention advantageously maintains the same timing for all links, and it therefore is not necessary to adapt a packet protocol in dependence upon the exact frequency and time slot allocated.
  • Fig. 2 also illustrates how the uplink frequencies and time slots are arranged if a lower asymmetry of 3:2 exists between downlink and uplink, instead of an asymmetry of 3:1.
  • two uplink frequencies, Fup1 and Fup2 are each divided into 12 time slots, with each time slot having twice the duration of the uplink Fup time slots for the above case where there is 3:1 asymmetry.
  • the labeling of slots, t11 , t12 . . . etc. indicates the pairing of uplink slots and frequencies with downlink slots and frequencies for the case of an asymmetry of 3:2.
  • M1 downlink time slots per downlink carrier of duration M1dt
  • M2 uplink time slots per uplink carrier of duration M2dt
  • the embodiment of the invention illustrated by Fig. 2 may be used when the frequency band allocated to the downlink contains more spectrum than the frequency band allocated to the uplink. However, there must be a guard band between the downlink frequency bands and the uplink frequency band(s), so that a mobile terminal that is receiving on any downlink time slot, e.g., time slot t4 on channel Fdown3, is not interfered with by a simultaneous transmission from a nearby mobile terminal, e.g., in uplink slot t83 on Fup. If Fup and Fdown3 are not separated, but instead are adjacent channels, the mobile terminal transmitting on t83, in the same cell as the mobile terminal receiving on t4, can cause interference.
  • any downlink time slot e.g., time slot t4 on channel Fdown3
  • Fup and Fdown3 are not separated, but instead are adjacent channels, the mobile terminal transmitting on t83, in the same cell as the mobile terminal receiving on t4, can cause interference.
  • Fig. 3 shows a frequency/time utilization diagram for this embodiment.
  • the frequency spectrum is divided into a first band (BAND 1) envisaged for the uplink direction of a symmetrical cellular system and a second band (BAND 2) envisaged for the downlink direction of the symmetrical cellular system. It is now, however, desired to divide the capacity available with these two frequency bands unequally between uplink and downlink traffic.
  • each of BAND 1 and BAND 2 be used for downlink traffic transmission for a first and greater part of a frame period and for uplink traffic transmission for a second and lesser part of the frame period.
  • the downlink frame period is 2/3 of the time period of a frame and is divided into eleven time slots.
  • the uplink frame period is the remaining 1/3 of the time period
  • a disadvantage of the Fig. 3 embodiment is that it is impossible to pair uplink time slots with downlink time slots in such a way that the uplink/downlink relative timing is the same for all links. For example, the spacing between
  • downlink time slot td1 and uplink time slot tu1 is 2/3 of a frame period, while the spacing between downlink time slot td1 1 and uplink time slot tu1 1 is 1/3rd of the frame period.
  • a mobile terminal allocated the uplink and downlink time slots td1 , tu1 has 2/3 of the frame to process the data received in td1 and formulate a response in tu1 , while a mobile terminal allocated the uplink and downlink time
  • Fig. 4 shows division of the frame period into 1 1 units, each comprising an uplink time slot period and a downlink time slot period.
  • Any particular uplink time slot need not immediately follow its corresponding or associated downlink time slot, which can involve practical difficulties in adapting the mobile terminal in short time from receive to transmit. Such difficulties can include synthesizer switching times, antenna changeover times and delay due to the finite speed of processing.
  • This embodiment of the invention therefore contemplates that the uplink time slot tu1 for mobile terminal 1 be placed 5 time units away from the corresponding downlink time slot td1 for the mobile terminal, in the same time unit that contains downlink time slot td ⁇ .
  • base stations have substantial antenna gain and height, a base station may receive signals from another base station, despite the base stations being separated by a great distance. Therefore, for outdoor, long-range systems having great disparity between mobile terminal powers and antenna gains, and corresponding base station powers and antenna gains, it is preferred to reserve a portion of the channels for base station transmission, and different channels for base station reception, as per the Fig. 2 embodiment of the invention. This problem may not exist, however, for indoor systems of similar base and mobile terminal powers and antenna gains.
  • Fig. 5 shows a 3-slot time reuse plan based on 3-sector cells.
  • Sectorization is a common technique used in cellular systems to reduce the amount of real estate required for antenna sites by a factor of 3 or more. Instead of illuminating a cell from an antenna at its center, three neighboring cells are illuminated by a common antenna at their mutual boundary, the antenna having three, 120 degree directional patterns corresponding to the three cells, which are then renamed "sectors". When the three sectors of the same site use three different frequencies, but adjacent sites use the same three frequencies, such a frequency plan is termed a 1-site, 3-sector plan.
  • interstitial sectors as well as reuse partitioning in which sub-channels are used for mobile terminals lying at different radii from each antenna site, where
  • Fig. 6 illustrates how a time reuse plan between neighboring cells or sectors can be used together with asymmetrical frequency allocations to the uplink and downlink traffic to avoid having one mobile terminal transmission interfere with another mobile terminal reception in the same cell in the same
  • a time reuse plan is implemented between the three sectors of a site, instead of the more conventional frequency reuse plan.
  • the frame period shown on the horizontal time scale is divided into three regions: (1) a first region comprising 1/3 of the frame period, used on the uplink by sector 3, on the downlink by sector 1 and containing three downlink time slots TD1 , TD2 and TD3; (2) a second region comprising 1/3 of the frame period, used on the uplink by sector 1 , on the downlink by sector 2 and also containing three downlink time slots, and (3) a third region comprising 1/3 of the frame period, used on the uplink by sector 2, on the downlink by sector 3 and containing three downlink time slots.
  • the frequency spectrum is shown, for simplicity, on the vertical scale as being divided into three downlink frequency channels Fdownl, Fdown2 and Fdown3, and one uplink channel Fup. Downlink frequency channel Fdownl lies in BAND 1 , the traditionally uplink part of the spectrum.
  • a mobile terminal in sector 1 that receives time slot TD1 on the downlink in frequency channel Fdownl transmits on an uplink time slot designated T11 on the uplink channel Fup, where in the uplink time slot T11 the indices respectively represent the downlink time slot and the downlink frequency of the corresponding mobile terminal in the associated sector. Since there are three downlink frequency channels and three downlink time slots in each sector, there are nine simultaneous links in each sector, each requiring a corresponding uplink. Therefore, the frame period of the uplink channel Fup has to be divided into 27 uplink time slots, nine for each sector.
  • the nine uplink time slots for sector 1 have been shifted to that 1/3 of the frame period in which sector 2 mobile terminals are receiving, sector 2 uplink time slots are in the 1/3 of the frame period in which sector 3 mobile terminals are receiving, and sector 3 uplink time slots are in the 1/3 of the frame period when sector 1 mobile terminals are receiving.
  • a mobile terminal receiving in the uplink spectrum (BAND 1 ) lies in a different sector than a mobile terminal transmitting in the uplink spectrum, which is sufficient spatial separation to avoid interference.
  • the sector 1 uplink time slot T11 is approximately six uplink time slot durations away from the end of its corresponding downlink slot TD1.
  • sector 1 uplink time slot T12 which corresponds to downlink slot TD1 on channel Fdown2
  • sector 1 time slot T13 is 8 time slots away from its corresponding downlink time slot.
  • Sector 1 uplink time slot T21 is, again, six time slots away from the end of its corresponding downlink time slot TDZ on channel Fdownl, and so on for the remaining uplink time slots.
  • Figs. 7A and 7B This variation may be eliminated with the frequency-time diagrams as shown in Figs. 7A and 7B.
  • the time slot timing is successively staggered between downlink channels Fdown3, Fdown2 and Fdownl in steps of an uplink time slot width. Since downlink time slot TD3 on Fdownl now overlaps what in Fig. 6 was sector 1 's uplink time region, this would cause a problem since a mobile terminal receiving in TD3 in band 1 would overlap two other mobile terminals transmitting in the same band 1 and in the same sector on uplink time slots T11 and T12 on Fup. To avoid this, the uplink sector timing of Fig. 7A has been shifted one additional sector as compared to the uplink timing of Fig. 6. Alternatively, time-staggering of downlink time slots could be as in Fig. 7B, which does not shift the time slots on Fdownl relative to the uplink time slots. Nevertheless, with the same uplink sector timing
  • downlink time slot TD3 on Fdown3 for sector 1 would overlap uplink time slots T1 1 and T12 (on Fup) for sector 1 , which may not cause interference, but prevents the allocation to one mobile terminal of a high data rate duplex link
  • cellular systems are optimized for asymmetric traffic flow, by transferring a portion of traditionally uplink spectrum to downlink use.
  • a portion of the uplink and downlink band are optimized for traffic flow in this manner, leaving another portion for traditional symmetric traffic, so long as interference from mobile terminals transmitting in the symmetric traffic manner are not permitted to interfere with mobile terminals receiving in the new asymmetric traffic manner or vice-versa.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Bidirectional Digital Transmission (AREA)
  • Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de communications mobiles exploité de manière à améliorer sa capacité dans des conditions d'écoulement du trafic asymétrique. Lorsque des quantités d'écoulement du trafic similaires surviennent dans chaque direction de liaison montante et de liaison descendante, des canaux d'une première bande de fréquence du spectre radio sont utilisés afin de transmettre des informations dans la direction de la liaison descendante à partir de stations de réseau vers des terminaux mobiles et des canaux d'une seconde bande de fréquence du spectre radio sont utilisés afin de transmettre des informations dans la direction de la liaison montante à partir de terminaux mobiles vers des stations de réseau. Lorsque de l'écoulement du trafic asymétrique survient parce que les terminaux mobiles reçoivent au total plus d'informations des stations de réseau qu'ils ne leur en transmettent, une partie du spectre radio des spectres asymétriques de liaison montante et descendante sont conçus de manière proportionnelle par rapport au ratio entre le flux de données de liaison montante total et le flux de données de liaison descendante.
PCT/US2001/029829 2000-10-06 2001-09-24 Procede d'exploitation d'un systeme de communication semi-duplex asymetrique Ceased WO2002032163A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01973443A EP1325654A2 (fr) 2000-10-06 2001-09-24 Procede d'exploitation d'un systeme de communication semi-duplex asymetrique
JP2002535419A JP2004511981A (ja) 2000-10-06 2001-09-24 非対称半二重通信システムを動作させる方法
AU2001293020A AU2001293020A1 (en) 2000-10-06 2001-09-24 Method of operating an asymmetrical half-duplex communication system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US68090000A 2000-10-06 2000-10-06
US09/680,900 2000-10-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002032163A2 true WO2002032163A2 (fr) 2002-04-18
WO2002032163A3 WO2002032163A3 (fr) 2002-10-03

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PCT/US2001/029829 Ceased WO2002032163A2 (fr) 2000-10-06 2001-09-24 Procede d'exploitation d'un systeme de communication semi-duplex asymetrique

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EP (1) EP1325654A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004511981A (fr)
AU (1) AU2001293020A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002032163A2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1641187A1 (fr) * 2004-09-22 2006-03-29 NTT DoCoMo, Inc. Dispositif et procédé d'allocation de bandes de fréquence
WO2007033586A1 (fr) * 2005-09-20 2007-03-29 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Procede et dispositif d'allocation de frequence dans un systeme de communication mobile
US9923709B2 (en) 2008-11-14 2018-03-20 Dish Network Corporation Asymmetric TDD in flexible use spectrum

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2485387B (en) * 2010-11-12 2013-10-02 Intellectual Ventures Holding 81 Llc Wireless communication system, communication unit, and method for scheduling

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6016311A (en) * 1997-11-19 2000-01-18 Ensemble Communications, Inc. Adaptive time division duplexing method and apparatus for dynamic bandwidth allocation within a wireless communication system
FR2777407B1 (fr) * 1998-04-10 2000-06-30 Wavecom Sa Signal de radiotelephonie cellulaire a canal supplementaire affecte au sens descendant, procede, systeme, mobile et station de base correspondant
US6628626B1 (en) * 1999-07-02 2003-09-30 Lucent Technologies Inc. Wireless data communications using asymmetric channel allocation

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1641187A1 (fr) * 2004-09-22 2006-03-29 NTT DoCoMo, Inc. Dispositif et procédé d'allocation de bandes de fréquence
US7826850B2 (en) 2004-09-22 2010-11-02 Ntt Docomo, Inc. Frequency band allocation device and method
WO2007033586A1 (fr) * 2005-09-20 2007-03-29 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Procede et dispositif d'allocation de frequence dans un systeme de communication mobile
CN100450261C (zh) * 2005-09-20 2009-01-07 华为技术有限公司 一种移动通信系统的频率分配方法
US9923709B2 (en) 2008-11-14 2018-03-20 Dish Network Corporation Asymmetric TDD in flexible use spectrum
US10263756B2 (en) 2008-11-14 2019-04-16 Dish Network Corporation Asymmetric TDD in flexible use spectrum
US11153062B2 (en) 2008-11-14 2021-10-19 Dbsd Corporation Asymmetric TDD in flexible use spectrum
US11546126B2 (en) 2008-11-14 2023-01-03 Dbsd Corporation Asymmetric TDD in flexible use spectrum

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2001293020A1 (en) 2002-04-22
WO2002032163A3 (fr) 2002-10-03
JP2004511981A (ja) 2004-04-15
EP1325654A2 (fr) 2003-07-09

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