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WO2002008025A1 - Occupant protection device - Google Patents

Occupant protection device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002008025A1
WO2002008025A1 PCT/EP2001/008330 EP0108330W WO0208025A1 WO 2002008025 A1 WO2002008025 A1 WO 2002008025A1 EP 0108330 W EP0108330 W EP 0108330W WO 0208025 A1 WO0208025 A1 WO 0208025A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
protection device
occupant protection
occupant
gas
motor vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2001/008330
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Klaus Oehm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Volkswagen AG
Original Assignee
Volkswagen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE20012864U external-priority patent/DE20012864U1/en
Priority claimed from DE2000138298 external-priority patent/DE10038298A1/en
Application filed by Volkswagen AG filed Critical Volkswagen AG
Priority to AU2001279763A priority Critical patent/AU2001279763A1/en
Publication of WO2002008025A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002008025A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B60R21/239—Inflatable members characterised by their venting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/26—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow
    • B60R21/276—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow with means to vent the inflation fluid source, e.g. in case of overpressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B60R21/231—Inflatable members characterised by their shape, construction or spatial configuration
    • B60R21/2334—Expansion control features
    • B60R21/2338—Tethers
    • B60R2021/23382—Internal tether means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an occupant protection device intended for a motor vehicle with an air cushion which, in a critical driving situation, is filled explosively by a pyrotechnic gas generator and is emptied through at least one outflow opening when the occupant collides.
  • Such an occupant protection device has already become an integral part of the occupant protection concept in modern automobile construction, in order to reduce the risk to motor vehicle occupants in the event of an accident and thus to increase passive safety.
  • the air cushion is filled explosively by the gas generator such that it is initially completely filled.
  • the air cushion is partially emptied again and the impact energy of the occupants to be protected is comparatively "gently" absorbed with physiologically compatible surface pressures and deceleration values. This prevents head and chest injuries or at least significantly alleviates them.
  • the air cushion also makes sense if the occupant is protected by a seat belt, since even with an additional belt tensioner in the event of a severe impact, the occupant cannot be prevented from moving forward and the head hit on the steering wheel or other equipment elements of the motor vehicle.
  • DE-OS 21 25 967 proposes to blow the gases from the air cushion outward from the motor vehicle.
  • an outlet line with an inside diameter of such a size is used that there is no hindrance when filling the air cushion and its outflow opening ends outside the motor vehicle.
  • the gases flowing out through the outflow opening are to be vented into the dashboard in order to thereby minimize the amount of particles released into the motor vehicle interior.
  • a ventilation device present on the motor vehicle for example a window pane or a sunroof
  • a ventilation device present on the motor vehicle for example a window pane or a sunroof
  • the practical implementation of this invention already fails due to the short duration of the entire process, which, including the outflow process, is completed after only a few 1/10 seconds and within this period of time a conventional actuation of an electric sunroof or window lifter cannot be achieved.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing an occupant protection device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that loads on the occupants of the motor vehicle from escaping gases are further reduced.
  • an occupant protection device in which the at least one outflow opening is arranged in an area of the air cushion facing away from the occupant.
  • the outflow opening of a driver's air cushion is arranged outside of the arms or palms of the hands in order to prevent an increased thermal load or even a reflex-like release of the steering wheel.
  • Another particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention is achieved when the outflow opening faces a rear region of the occupant protection device.
  • the hot gases pass through the outflow openings into an area of the occupant protection device which is inaccessible to the occupant, so that there is no risk of injury to the occupant.
  • the occupant protection device is equipped with a heat-resistant surface, so that damage to the occupant protection device, for example due to possible ignition, which could result in a new source of danger, is also ruled out.
  • the occupant protection device is arranged in a container into which the gas can be introduced through the outflow opening.
  • This gets the Gas through the outflow openings in the container, which can be closed off from the interior of the motor vehicle.
  • this can also be designed to be deformable in order to be able to accommodate the comparatively large gas volume.
  • the gas can escape from the container automatically after a cooling phase, so that an additional manual intervention is not necessary. In this way, a better retention effect can also be achieved, for example by a longer service life of the air cushion during an impact.
  • an expansion chamber is created by a targeted design of the container, so as to reduce the aggressiveness of the air cushion and thereby transmit the forces transmitted to the occupants in an accident without dangerous impact impacts.
  • the occupant protection device is designed as a module that is independent of the arrangement in the motor vehicle. This considerably simplifies the practical use of the occupant protection device in that the occupant protection device is independent of further control elements or ventilation elements and thus enables individual use in the motor vehicle. Therefore, the occupant protection device is also suitable for areas of application which involve unfavorable spatial conditions or for retrofitting existing motor vehicles.
  • the outflow opening is arranged on the air cushion in such a way that it can be moved into an area facing away from it by the impact of the occupant.
  • the outflow opening is moved by the impact into a rear region of the occupant protection device in accordance with the forward displacement of the occupant. Therefore, the gas can initially escape through the outflow opening with only a slight forward displacement into the interior, contact with the occupant being excluded. Only with increasing forward displacement of the occupant is the outflow opening moved in the direction of the forward displacement into the container of the occupant protection device, so that an increased load from escaping warm gases is excluded.
  • the occupant protection device is designed as a closed system, so that the expansion gases which arise are essentially complete to be caught.
  • the occupant protection device is sealed off from the interior of the motor vehicle, thereby preventing hot gases from escaping.
  • the gases could, for example, pass through the outflow openings into a second air cushion, which only fills when the first air cushion begins to be emptied.
  • the air cushion can also be used to catch the occupant in two stages, for example.
  • An embodiment of the present invention is also particularly expedient, in which a plurality of outflow openings are provided, which are closed or opened depending on the accident-related forward displacement of the occupant.
  • the occupant protection device is therefore advantageously largely independent of the installation conditions in the interior of the motor vehicle, with in particular an opening in the motor vehicle outer skin or the connections to existing ventilation systems being unnecessary.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a partially sectioned motor vehicle.
  • FIG. 2 shows a front view of a steering wheel of the motor vehicle shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the airbag module according to the invention along the line I-1 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 shows a further cross-sectional view of the gas bag module according to the invention along the line I-1 in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 a partially sectioned motor vehicle 1 is shown in a perspective view.
  • an air cushion 4, 5 intended for occupants 2 and 3, a driver and a front passenger is completely filled. Due to the impact of the occupants 2, 3 on the respective air cushions 4, 5
  • the hot gas generated by a gas generator 7 is pressed out of an outflow opening 8, 9 in order to reduce the impact energy in a manner that is compatible with the body.
  • the outflow openings 8, 9 are arranged in a position facing away from the respective occupant 3 or the driver 2 and thus prevent the occupants 2, 3 from making physical contact with the hot gas.
  • the escaping gas flows into a rear area of a container 10 of the occupant protection device 6, where it is initially collected and exits later, in particular after a predetermined cooling phase.
  • FIG. 2 shows a front view of a steering wheel 11.
  • the steering wheel 11 receives the container 10 intended for the air cushion (not shown here).
  • the arrangement of the outflow opening 8 within the steering wheel 11 can be seen.
  • the gas escapes in the direction of the occupant 2 shown in FIG. 1 and an associated risk to the occupant 2, in contrast to an air cushion known from the prior art , in which the outflow opening is located above the steering wheel, reliably excluded.
  • the gas bag module essentially comprises a module housing 110 with opening flaps 112 attached to it, a gas bag 114 and a gas generator 116 for inflating the gas bag.
  • the gas bag 114 has an injection opening, through which the gas generator 116 extends into the interior of the gas bag 114.
  • a fastening flange 117 on the gas generator serves to clamp the gas bag 114 between the flange 117 and the module housing 110.
  • FIG. 4 shows the gas bag 114 and the gas generator 116 in the region of the injection opening.
  • At least one reinforcing layer 120 made of fabric material is attached to the gas bag wall and surrounds the blowing opening.
  • the reinforcement layer 120 merges in one piece into four tether straps 122 which are fastened to the front part 124 of the gas bag wall when inflated.
  • the gas bag wall and the reinforcement layer 120 have a plurality of outflow openings 128 lying inside the module housing 110, more precisely at the level of the gas generator 116, when the gas bag 114 is unfolded.
  • the reinforcement layer 120 thus not only surrounds them Blowing opening, but also the outflow openings 128.
  • the gas generator 116 has gas outlet openings 130 which, in the unfolded state of the gas bag 114, lie further inside the gas bag module 110 than the outflow openings 128.
  • gas flows into the gas bag 114 from the gas generator 116 via the gas outlet openings 130 and inflates it.
  • the gas bag 114 presses the opening flaps 112 open and unfolds into the vehicle interior via the deployment opening in the direction of the occupant and is available as a restraining means.
  • Part of the hot gas passes through the outflow openings 128 into an annular space 132 between the wall of the gas bag 114 and the peripheral part of the module housing 110. In this space 132, the gas cools and continues to flow into the vehicle interior in the direction of the arrow.
  • the gas pressure rises in the intermediate space 132, as a result of which a counter pressure is built up in relation to the gas which continues to flow out of the gas bag 114.
  • the outflow rate of the gas from the gas bag 114 is therefore not as high as in the case of a gas bag with outflow openings which are arranged outside the module housing 110.
  • a slow decrease in the gas bag internal pressure can be achieved through the outflow openings 118 provided in the module housing 110.
  • the gas bag has an extended service life.
  • Hot particles carried in the gas can also settle in the intermediate space 132. Overall, there is a reduced smoke development.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an occupant protection device (6) for a motor vehicle (1), with an airbag (4, 5) which is explosively filled with gas on an accident. An occupant (2, 3) thus impacts the already fully inflated airbag (4, 5) on a forward displacement caused by an accident, whereupon the gas escapes through an escape opening (8, 9). The impact energy is thus limited to a degree which the body will survive. In order to prevent a thermal exposure of the occupants (2, 3) to escaping expansion gases, the outlet opening (8, 9) is arranged in a region of the occupant protection device (6) facing away from the occupant (2, 3). The above is thereby in particular arranged on the inside of a closed container (10), by means of which a problem-free application in various regions of the motor vehicle (1) is possible.

Description

Insassenschutzvorrichtung Occupant protection device

Die Erfindung betrifft eine für ein Kraftfahrzeug bestimmte Insassenschutzvorrichtung mit einem Luftkissen, welches in einer kritischen Fahrsituation durch einen pyrotechnischen Gasgenerator explosionsartig gefüllt und beim Aufprall des Insassen durch zumindest eine Abströmöffnung entleert wird.The invention relates to an occupant protection device intended for a motor vehicle with an air cushion which, in a critical driving situation, is filled explosively by a pyrotechnic gas generator and is emptied through at least one outflow opening when the occupant collides.

Eine solche Insassenschutzvorrichtung ist im modernen Automobilbau bereits zum festen Bestandteil des Insassenschutzkonzeptes geworden, um so die Gefährdung der Kraftfahrzeuginsassen bei einem Unfall zu verringern und damit die passive Sicherheit zu erhöhen.Such an occupant protection device has already become an integral part of the occupant protection concept in modern automobile construction, in order to reduce the risk to motor vehicle occupants in the event of an accident and thus to increase passive safety.

Hierzu wird bei einem durch eine entsprechende Sensorik erfaßten Aufprall des Kraftfahrzeuges das Luftkissen durch den Gasgenerator derart explosionsartig gefüllt, daß dieses zunächst vollkommen gefüllt ist. Durch das nachfolgende Auftreffen des Insassen wird das Luftkissen teilweise wieder entleert und dabei die Aufprallenergie der zu schützenden Insassen mit physiologisch verträglichen Flächenpressungen und Verzögerungswerten vergleichsweise "sanft" absorbiert. Kopf- und Brustverletzungen werden dadurch verhindert oder zumindest deutlich gemildert.For this purpose, in the event of an impact of the motor vehicle detected by a corresponding sensor system, the air cushion is filled explosively by the gas generator such that it is initially completely filled. As a result of the subsequent impact of the occupant, the air cushion is partially emptied again and the impact energy of the occupants to be protected is comparatively "gently" absorbed with physiologically compatible surface pressures and deceleration values. This prevents head and chest injuries or at least significantly alleviates them.

Dabei ist das Luftkissen auch dann sinnvoll, wenn der Insassen durch einen Sicherheitsgurt geschützt ist, da selbst bei einem zusätzlichen Gurtstraffer bei einem schweren Aufprall eine Vorverlagerung des Insassen und das Aufschlagen des Kopfes auf dem Lenkrad oder weiteren Ausstattungselementen des Kraftfahrzeuges anderenfalls nicht verhindert werden kann.The air cushion also makes sense if the occupant is protected by a seat belt, since even with an additional belt tensioner in the event of a severe impact, the occupant cannot be prevented from moving forward and the head hit on the steering wheel or other equipment elements of the motor vehicle.

Nachdem in der Praxis zunächst solche Luftkissen lediglich für die Insassen auf den vorderen Sitzplätzen vorgesehen wurden, setzen sich in jüngerer Zeit zunehmend auch ergänzende Luftkissen für die Insassen im Kraftfahrzeugfond sowie zum Schutz gegen einen seitlichen Aufprall immer mehr durch. Beispielsweise sind auch solche Luftkissen bekannt, die im Bereich der Dachkante angeordnet sind und den Kopfbereich der Insassen gegenüber einer seitlichen Einwirkung schützen oder hierzu unmittelbar in den Fahrzeugsitz integriert sind. Außerdem sind weitere Luftkissen vorgesehen, die den Fußraum der Insassen gegen gefährliche Intrusionen schützen sollen.After such air cushions were initially only provided in practice for the occupants in the front seats, in recent times supplemental air cushions for the occupants in the vehicle rear as well as for protection against a side impact have become increasingly popular. For example, such air cushions are also known, which are arranged in the area of the roof edge and protect the head area of the occupants against lateral influence or directly in the Vehicle seat are integrated. Additional air cushions are also provided to protect the occupants' footwell against dangerous intrusions.

Die Einsatzmöglichkeiten der Luftkissen zum Schutz der Kraftfahrzeuginsassen scheinen dabei noch längst nicht ausgeschöpft. Daher überrascht es zunächst, daß mit der explosionsartigen Gasentwicklung auch Belastungen der Insassen einhergehen können. Eine solche Belastung ist in der Praxis zum einen der plötzliche Druckanstieg im Inneren des Kraftfahrzeuges durch den sich füllenden Luftsack, insbesondere bei einer Vielzahl zeitgleich ausgelöster Luftkissen. Zum anderen gelangt das durch den Gasgenerator erzeugte Gasvolumen beim Entleeren während des Aufpralls des Insassen durch die Abströmöffnung in den Kraftfahrzeuginnenraum. Die hohe Temperatur der austretenden Gase kann zu erhöhten thermischen Belastungen am Körper des Insassen führen. Ferner führen die zum Füllen des Luftkissens dienenden Gase, wobei auf Luftbestandteile gegebenenfalls völlig verzichtet wird, je nach Art des Gasgenerators vorübergehend zu einer erhöhten Schadstoffbelastung im Fahrzeuginnenraum.The possible uses of air cushions to protect motor vehicle passengers do not seem to be exhausted. It is therefore surprising at first that the explosive gas development can also be associated with loads on the occupants. In practice, such a load is, on the one hand, the sudden increase in pressure inside the motor vehicle due to the filling of the airbag, in particular in the case of a large number of air cushions triggered at the same time. On the other hand, the gas volume generated by the gas generator reaches the motor vehicle interior through the outflow opening during emptying during the impact of the occupant. The high temperature of the escaping gases can lead to increased thermal loads on the body of the occupant. Furthermore, the gases used to fill the air cushion, with air components optionally being completely dispensed with, temporarily lead to an increased pollution in the vehicle interior, depending on the type of gas generator.

Die DE-OS 21 25 967 schlägt zur Lösung dieses Problems vor, die Gase des Luftkissens nach außen aus dem Kraftfahrzeug abzublasen. Hierzu dient eine Auslaßleitung mit einem derart bemessenen Innendurchmesser, daß eine Behinderung beim Füllen des Luftkissens ausgeschlossen ist und deren Abströmöffnung außerhalb des Kraftfahrzeuges endet.To solve this problem, DE-OS 21 25 967 proposes to blow the gases from the air cushion outward from the motor vehicle. For this purpose, an outlet line with an inside diameter of such a size is used that there is no hindrance when filling the air cushion and its outflow opening ends outside the motor vehicle.

In ähnlicher Weise sollen nach der DE 195 15 980 A1 die durch die Abströmöffnung ausströmenden Gase in das Armaturenbrett entlüftet werden, um dadurch die in den Kraftfahrzeuginnenraum abgegebene Partikelmenge zu minimieren.Similarly, according to DE 195 15 980 A1, the gases flowing out through the outflow opening are to be vented into the dashboard in order to thereby minimize the amount of particles released into the motor vehicle interior.

Bei beiden Lösungsvorschlägen hat sich in der Praxis die ungünstige praktische Ausführbarkeit der Insassenschutzvorrichtung, insbesondere im Hinblick auf einen zunehmenden Einsatz in solchen Abschnitten des Kraftfahrzeuginnenraumes, in denen beengte Platzverhältnisse den Bauraum beschränken oder bei denen eine Durchführung zur Außenseite des Kraftfahrzeuges nur mit unverhältnismäßig hohem Aufwand zu realisieren, erwiesen.In the case of both proposed solutions, the unfavorable practical feasibility of the occupant protection device has in practice, in particular with regard to an increasing use in those sections of the motor vehicle interior in which confined spaces restrict the installation space or in which an implementation to the outside of the motor vehicle is only disproportionately expensive realize, proven.

Nach der DE 39 12 015 soll mit dem Auslösen des Luftkissens zugleich eine an dem Kraftfahrzeug vorhandene Entlüftungseinrichtung, beispielsweise eine Fensterscheibe oder ein Schiebedach, geöffnet werden, um so eine schnelle Abfuhr und einen Druckausgleich der Gase zu erreichen. Die praktische Umsetzung dieser Erfindung scheitert bereits an der geringen zeitlichen Dauer des gesamten Vorganges, der einschließlich des Abströmvorganges bereits nach wenigen 1/10 Sekunden abgeschlossen ist, und innerhalb dieses Zeitraumes eine konventionelle Betätigung eines elektrischen Schiebedaches oder Fensterhebers nicht erreichbar ist.According to DE 39 12 015, when the air cushion is triggered, a ventilation device present on the motor vehicle, for example a window pane or a sunroof, is to be opened at the same time, in order to ensure rapid removal and one To achieve pressure equalization of the gases. The practical implementation of this invention already fails due to the short duration of the entire process, which, including the outflow process, is completed after only a few 1/10 seconds and within this period of time a conventional actuation of an electric sunroof or window lifter cannot be achieved.

Vor diesem Hintergrund liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Insassenschutzvorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art derart auszuführen, daß Belastungen der Insassen des Kraftfahrzeuges durch austretende Gase weiter reduziert werden.Against this background, the invention is based on the object of designing an occupant protection device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that loads on the occupants of the motor vehicle from escaping gases are further reduced.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst mit einer Insassenschutzvorrichtung gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1. Die Unteransprüche betreffen besonders zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der Erfindung.This object is achieved with an occupant protection device according to the features of patent claim 1. The subclaims relate to particularly expedient developments of the invention.

Erfindungsgemäß ist also eine Insassenschutzvorrichtung vorgesehen, bei der die zumindest eine Abströmöffnung in einem dem Insassen abgewandten Bereich des Luftkissens angeordnet ist. Hierdurch kann in einfacher Weise eine Schädigung oder Gefährdung des Insassen durch Gase, die durch die Abströmöffnung in den Innenraum gelangen, verhindert werden. Beispielsweise ist die Abströmöffnung eines Fahrerluftkissens hierzu außerhalb der Arm- oder Handflächen angeordnet, um so eine erhöhte thermische Belastung oder gar ein reflexartiges Loslassen des Lenkrades zu verhindern.According to the invention, an occupant protection device is therefore provided in which the at least one outflow opening is arranged in an area of the air cushion facing away from the occupant. In this way, damage or danger to the occupant by gases which enter the interior through the outflow opening can be prevented in a simple manner. For example, the outflow opening of a driver's air cushion is arranged outside of the arms or palms of the hands in order to prevent an increased thermal load or even a reflex-like release of the steering wheel.

Eine andere besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung wird dann erreicht, wenn die Abströmöffnung einem rückwärtigen Bereich der Insassenschutzvorrichtung zugewandt ist. Hierdurch gelangen die heißen Gase durch die Abströmöffnungen in einen für den Insassen unzugänglichen Bereich der Insassenschutzvorrichtung, so daß eine Verletzungsgefahr für den Insassen ausgeschlossen ist. Die Insassenschutzvorrichtung ist hierzu mit einer hitzebeständigen Oberfläche ausgestattet, so daß auch eine Beschädigung der Insassenschutzvorrichtung, beispielsweise durch eine mögliche Entzündung, durch die eine neue Gefahrenquelle entstehen könnte, ausgeschlossen wird.Another particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention is achieved when the outflow opening faces a rear region of the occupant protection device. As a result, the hot gases pass through the outflow openings into an area of the occupant protection device which is inaccessible to the occupant, so that there is no risk of injury to the occupant. For this purpose, the occupant protection device is equipped with a heat-resistant surface, so that damage to the occupant protection device, for example due to possible ignition, which could result in a new source of danger, is also ruled out.

Eine weitere besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung wird auch dadurch geschaffen, daß die Insassenschutzvorrichtung in einem Behälter angeordnet ist, in welchen das Gas durch die Abströmöffnung einleitbar ist. Hierdurch gelangt das Gas durch die Abströmöffnungen in den Behälter, der gegenüber dem Innenraum des Kraftfahrzeuges abgeschlossen sein kann. Dieser kann hierzu auch verformbar ausgeführt sein, um so das vergleichsweise große Gasvolumen aufnehmen zu können. Weiterhin kann das Gas aus dem Behälter nach einer Abkühlphase selbständig entweichen, so daß ein zusätzlicher manueller Eingriff nicht erforderlich ist. Hierdurch kann zusätzlich eine bessere Rückhaltewirkung erzielt werden, beispielsweise durch eine längere Standzeit des Luftkissens während eines Aufpralls.Another particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention is also created in that the occupant protection device is arranged in a container into which the gas can be introduced through the outflow opening. This gets the Gas through the outflow openings in the container, which can be closed off from the interior of the motor vehicle. For this purpose, this can also be designed to be deformable in order to be able to accommodate the comparatively large gas volume. Furthermore, the gas can escape from the container automatically after a cooling phase, so that an additional manual intervention is not necessary. In this way, a better retention effect can also be achieved, for example by a longer service life of the air cushion during an impact.

Dabei ist es auch besonders zweckmäßig, wenn durch eine gezielte Auslegung des Behälters eine Expansionskammer geschaffen wird, um so die Aggressivität des Luftkissens zu mildern und dadurch die auf den Insassen bei einem Unfall übertragenen Kräfte ohne gefährliche Fangstöße zu übertragen.It is also particularly expedient if an expansion chamber is created by a targeted design of the container, so as to reduce the aggressiveness of the air cushion and thereby transmit the forces transmitted to the occupants in an accident without dangerous impact impacts.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es auch, wenn die Insassenschutzvorrichtung als ein von der Anordnung im Kraftfahrzeug unabhängiges Modul ausgeführt ist. Hierdurch wird der praktische Einsatz der Insassenschutzvorrichtung wesentlich vereinfacht, indem die Insassenschutzvorrichtung von weiteren Steuerungselementen oder Lüftungselementen unabhängig wird und somit einen individuellen Einsatz in dem Kraftfahrzeug ermöglicht. Daher eignet sich die Insassenschutzvorrichtung auch für Einsatzbereiche, die ungünstige räumliche Voraussetzungen mit sich bringen oder auch zur Nachrüstung bei bereits vorhandenen Kraftfahrzeugen.It is also particularly advantageous if the occupant protection device is designed as a module that is independent of the arrangement in the motor vehicle. This considerably simplifies the practical use of the occupant protection device in that the occupant protection device is independent of further control elements or ventilation elements and thus enables individual use in the motor vehicle. Therefore, the occupant protection device is also suitable for areas of application which involve unfavorable spatial conditions or for retrofitting existing motor vehicles.

Eine andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist auch dann gegeben, wenn die Abströmöffnung derart an dem Luftkissen angeordnet ist, daß diese durch den Aufprall des Insassen in einen ihm abgewandten Bereich beweglich ist. Hierdurch wird die Abströmöffnung durch den Aufprall in einen rückwärtigen Bereich der Insassenschutzvorrichtung entsprechend der Vorverlagerung des Insassen bewegt. Daher kann das Gas durch die Abströmöffnung zunächst bei einer lediglich geringen Vorverlagerung in den Innenraum austreten, wobei ein Kontakt mit dem Insassen ausgeschlossen ist. Lediglich bei einer zunehmenden Vorverlagerung des Insassen wird auch die Abströmöffnung in Richtung der Vorverlagerung in den Behälter der Insassenschutzvorrichtung hinein bewegt, so daß eine erhöhte Belastung durch austretende Warmgase ausgeschlossen ist.Another advantageous development of the invention is also provided when the outflow opening is arranged on the air cushion in such a way that it can be moved into an area facing away from it by the impact of the occupant. As a result, the outflow opening is moved by the impact into a rear region of the occupant protection device in accordance with the forward displacement of the occupant. Therefore, the gas can initially escape through the outflow opening with only a slight forward displacement into the interior, contact with the occupant being excluded. Only with increasing forward displacement of the occupant is the outflow opening moved in the direction of the forward displacement into the container of the occupant protection device, so that an increased load from escaping warm gases is excluded.

Eine weitere besonders zweckmäßige Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung wird dann erreicht, wenn die Insassenschutzvorrichtung als ein geschlossenes System ausgeführt ist, so daß die entstehenden Expansionsgase im wesentlichen vollständig aufgefangen werden. Hierdurch ist die Insassenschutzvorrichtung gegenüber dem Innenraum des Kraftfahrzeuges abgeschlossen, wodurch das Austreten von Warmgasen verhindert wird. Die Gase könnten hierzu durch die Abströmöffnungen beispielsweise in ein zweites Luftkissen gelangen, das sich erst bei der beginnenden Entleerung des ersten Luftkissens füllt. Das Auffangen des Insassen durch das Luftkissen kann dadurch beispielsweise auch zweistufig erfolgen.Another particularly expedient embodiment of the present invention is achieved when the occupant protection device is designed as a closed system, so that the expansion gases which arise are essentially complete to be caught. As a result, the occupant protection device is sealed off from the interior of the motor vehicle, thereby preventing hot gases from escaping. For this purpose, the gases could, for example, pass through the outflow openings into a second air cushion, which only fills when the first air cushion begins to be emptied. The air cushion can also be used to catch the occupant in two stages, for example.

Besonders zweckmäßig ist auch eine Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, bei der mehrere Abströmöffnungen vorgesehen sind, die in Abhängigkeit der unfallbedingten Vorverlagerung des Insassen verschlossen oder geöffnet sind. Hierdurch kann der Vorgang der Entleerung des Luftkissens an die unfallbedingte Vorverlagerung des Insassen optimal angepaßt werden, wobei zugleich die Entleerung und der Schutz des Insassen vor warmen Gasen verbessert werden kann.An embodiment of the present invention is also particularly expedient, in which a plurality of outflow openings are provided, which are closed or opened depending on the accident-related forward displacement of the occupant. As a result, the process of emptying the air cushion can be optimally adapted to the forward displacement of the occupant as a result of the accident, and at the same time the emptying and the protection of the occupant from warm gases can be improved.

Insgesamt ist also in vorteilhafter Weise die Insassenschutzvorrichtung weitgehend unabhängig von den Einbauverhältnissen im Innenraum des Kraftfahrzeuges, wobei insbesondere eine Durchbrechung der Kraftfahrzeugaußenhaut bzw. die Anbindungen an vorhandene Entlüftungssysteme entbehrlich ist.Overall, the occupant protection device is therefore advantageously largely independent of the installation conditions in the interior of the motor vehicle, with in particular an opening in the motor vehicle outer skin or the connections to existing ventilation systems being unnecessary.

Die Erfindung läßt zahlreiche Ausführungsformen zu. Zur weiteren Verdeutlichung ihres Grundprinzips sind zwei davon in der Zeichnung dargestellt und nachfolgend beschrieben. Es zeigtThe invention permits numerous embodiments. To further clarify its basic principle, two of them are shown in the drawing and described below. It shows

Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines teilweise geschnittenen Kraftfahrzeuges;Figure 1 is a perspective view of a partially sectioned motor vehicle.

Fig. 2 eine Vorderansicht eines Lenkrades des in Figur 1 gezeigten Kraftfahrzeuges;FIG. 2 shows a front view of a steering wheel of the motor vehicle shown in FIG. 1;

Fig. 3 eine Längsschnittsansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Gassack-Moduls längs der Linie l-l in Fig. 1 ;FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the airbag module according to the invention along the line I-1 in FIG. 1;

Fig. 4 eine weitere Querschnittsansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Gassack-Moduls längs der Linie l-l in Fig. 1.FIG. 4 shows a further cross-sectional view of the gas bag module according to the invention along the line I-1 in FIG. 1.

In Figur 1 ist ein teilweise geschnittenes Kraftfahrzeug 1 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht dargestellt. Infolge einer kritischen Fahrsituation ist jeweils ein für einen Insassen 2 und 3, einen Fahrer und einen Beifahrer, bestimmtes Luftkissen 4, 5 vollständig gefüllt. Durch den Aufprall der Insassen 2, 3 auf das jeweilige Luftkissen 4, 5 einer Insassenschutzvorrichtung 6 wird das durch einen Gasgenerator 7 erzeugte Warmgas aus jeweils einer Abströmöffnung 8, 9 herausgepreßt, um so die Aufprallenergie körperverträglich abzubauen. Die Abströmöffnungen 8, 9 sind hierzu in einer dem jeweiligen Insassen 3 bzw. dem Fahrer 2 abgewandten Position angeordnet und verhindern so den Körperkontakt der Insassen 2, 3 mit dem Warmgas. Das austretende Gas strömt dabei in einen rückwärtigen Bereich eines Behälters 10 der Insassenschutzvorrichtung 6 ein, wo es zunächst aufgefangen und später, insbesondere nach einer vorbestimmten Abkühlphase, austritt.In Figure 1, a partially sectioned motor vehicle 1 is shown in a perspective view. As a result of a critical driving situation, an air cushion 4, 5 intended for occupants 2 and 3, a driver and a front passenger is completely filled. Due to the impact of the occupants 2, 3 on the respective air cushions 4, 5 In an occupant protection device 6, the hot gas generated by a gas generator 7 is pressed out of an outflow opening 8, 9 in order to reduce the impact energy in a manner that is compatible with the body. For this purpose, the outflow openings 8, 9 are arranged in a position facing away from the respective occupant 3 or the driver 2 and thus prevent the occupants 2, 3 from making physical contact with the hot gas. The escaping gas flows into a rear area of a container 10 of the occupant protection device 6, where it is initially collected and exits later, in particular after a predetermined cooling phase.

Zur Verdeutlichung der Position der Insassenschutzvorrichtung 6 des Kraftfahrzeuges 1 zeigt Figur 2 eine Vorderansicht eines Lenkrades 11. Das Lenkrad 11 nimmt den für das hier nicht dargestellte Luftkissen bestimmten Behälter 10 auf. Zu erkennen ist dabe insbesondere die Anordnung der Abströmöffnung 8 innerhalb des Lenkrades 11. Dadurch wird das Austreten des Gases in Richtung auf den in Figur 1 gezeigten Insassen 2 und eine damit verbundene Gefährdung des Insassen 2 im Gegensatz zu einem nach dem Stand der Technik bekannten Luftkissen, bei dem sich die Abströmöffnung oberhalb des Lenkrades befindet, zuverlässig ausgeschlossen.To illustrate the position of the occupant protection device 6 of the motor vehicle 1, FIG. 2 shows a front view of a steering wheel 11. The steering wheel 11 receives the container 10 intended for the air cushion (not shown here). In particular, the arrangement of the outflow opening 8 within the steering wheel 11 can be seen. As a result, the gas escapes in the direction of the occupant 2 shown in FIG. 1 and an associated risk to the occupant 2, in contrast to an air cushion known from the prior art , in which the outflow opening is located above the steering wheel, reliably excluded.

In Fig. 3 ist als Insassenschutzvorrichtung ein in ein Fahrzeug eingebautes Gassack- Modul dargestellt. Das Gassack-Modul umfaßt im wesentlichen ein Modulgehäuse 110 mit daran befestigten Öffnungsklappen 112, einen Gassack 114 und einen Gasgenerator 116 zum Aufblasen des Gassacks. Der Gassack 114 hat eine Einblasöffnung, über die sich der Gasgenerator 116 in das Innere des Gassacks 114 erstreckt. Ein Befestigungsflansch 117 am Gasgenerator dient dem Klemmen des Gassacks 114 zwischen Flansch 117 und Modulgehäuse 110. In dem in Fig. 3 gezeigten Zustand ist der Gassack 114 bereits entfaltet, im gefalteten Zustand verschließen die Öffnungsklappen 112 die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Entfaltungsöffnung im Modulgehäuse 110.3 shows an airbag module installed in a vehicle as the occupant protection device. The gas bag module essentially comprises a module housing 110 with opening flaps 112 attached to it, a gas bag 114 and a gas generator 116 for inflating the gas bag. The gas bag 114 has an injection opening, through which the gas generator 116 extends into the interior of the gas bag 114. A fastening flange 117 on the gas generator serves to clamp the gas bag 114 between the flange 117 and the module housing 110. In the state shown in FIG. 3, the gas bag 114 is already deployed; in the folded state, the opening flaps 112 close the deployment opening shown in FIG. 3 in the module housing 110 ,

Fig. 4 zeigt den Gassack 114 und den Gasgenerator 116 im Bereich der Einblasöffnung. Wenigstens eine Verstärkungslage 120 aus Gewebematerial ist an der Gassackwandung befestigt und umgibt die Einblasöffnung. Die Verstärkungslage 120 geht einstückig in vier Fangbänder 122 über, welche an dem in aufgeblasenem Zustand vorderen Teil 124 der Gassackwandung befestigt sind. Die Gassackwandung und die Verstärkungslage 120 haben mehrere im entfalteten Zustand des Gassacks 114 innerhalb des Modulgehäuses 110, genauer gesagt auf Höhe des Gasgenerators 116, liegende Ausströmöffnungen 128. Die Verstärkungslage 120 umgibt damit nicht nur die Einblasöffnung, sondern auch die Ausströmöffnungen 128. Der Gasgenerator 116 weist Gasauslaßöffnungen 130 auf, die im entfalteten Zustand des Gassacks 114 weiter im Inneren des Gassack-Moduls 110 liegen als die Ausströmöffnungen 128.4 shows the gas bag 114 and the gas generator 116 in the region of the injection opening. At least one reinforcing layer 120 made of fabric material is attached to the gas bag wall and surrounds the blowing opening. The reinforcement layer 120 merges in one piece into four tether straps 122 which are fastened to the front part 124 of the gas bag wall when inflated. The gas bag wall and the reinforcement layer 120 have a plurality of outflow openings 128 lying inside the module housing 110, more precisely at the level of the gas generator 116, when the gas bag 114 is unfolded. The reinforcement layer 120 thus not only surrounds them Blowing opening, but also the outflow openings 128. The gas generator 116 has gas outlet openings 130 which, in the unfolded state of the gas bag 114, lie further inside the gas bag module 110 than the outflow openings 128.

Im Rückhaltefall strömt aus dem Gasgenerator 116 über die Gasauslaßöffnungen 130 Gas in den Gassack 114 ein und bläst diesen auf. Der Gassack 114 drückt die Öffnuhgsklappen 112 auf und entfaltet sich über die Entfaltungsöffnung in Richtung zum Insassen in den Fahrzeuginnenraum hinein und steht als Rückhaltemittel zur Verfügung. Ein Teil des heißen Gases gelangt über die Ausströmöffnungen 128 in einen ringförmigen Zwischenraum 132 zwischen der Wandung des Gassacks 114 und dem umfangsseitigen Teil des Modulgehäuses 110. In diesem Zwischenraum 132 kühlt das Gas ab und strömt weiter in Pfeilrichtung in den Fahrzeuginnenraum. Im Zwischenraurn 132 steigt der Gasdruck an, wodurch ein Gegendruck gegenüber dem aus dem Gassack 114 weiter ausströmenden Gas aufgebaut wird. Die Ausströmrate des Gases aus dem Gassack 114 ist damit nicht so hoch wie bei einem Gassack mit Ausströmöffnungen, die außerhalb des Modulgehäuses 110 angeordnet sind. Es läßt sich durch die im Modulgehäuse 110 vorgesehenen Ausströmöffnungen 118 ein langsamer Abfall des Gassackinnendrucks erreichen. Der Gassack hat damit eine verlängerte Standzeit.In the case of retention, gas flows into the gas bag 114 from the gas generator 116 via the gas outlet openings 130 and inflates it. The gas bag 114 presses the opening flaps 112 open and unfolds into the vehicle interior via the deployment opening in the direction of the occupant and is available as a restraining means. Part of the hot gas passes through the outflow openings 128 into an annular space 132 between the wall of the gas bag 114 and the peripheral part of the module housing 110. In this space 132, the gas cools and continues to flow into the vehicle interior in the direction of the arrow. The gas pressure rises in the intermediate space 132, as a result of which a counter pressure is built up in relation to the gas which continues to flow out of the gas bag 114. The outflow rate of the gas from the gas bag 114 is therefore not as high as in the case of a gas bag with outflow openings which are arranged outside the module housing 110. A slow decrease in the gas bag internal pressure can be achieved through the outflow openings 118 provided in the module housing 110. The gas bag has an extended service life.

Im Zwischenraum 132 können sich auch im Gas mitgeführte heiße Partikel absetzen. Insgesamt ergibt sich eine reduzierte Rauchentwicklung. Hot particles carried in the gas can also settle in the intermediate space 132. Overall, there is a reduced smoke development.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE 1. Eine für ein Kraftfahrzeug bestimmte Insassenschutzvorrichtung mit einem Luftkissen, welches in einer kritischen Fahrsituation durch einen pyrotechnischen Gasgenerator explosionsartig gefüllt und beim Aufprall des Insassen durch zumindest eine Abströmöffnung entleert wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zumindest eine Abströmöffnung (8, 9) in einem dem Insassen (2, 3) abgewandten Bereich des Luftkissens (4, 5) angeordnet ist.1. An occupant protection device intended for a motor vehicle with an air cushion which is filled explosively in a critical driving situation by a pyrotechnic gas generator and is emptied through at least one outflow opening upon impact of the occupant, characterized in that the at least one outflow opening (8, 9) in one region of the air cushion (4, 5) facing away from the occupant (2, 3). 2. Insassenschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abströmöffnung (8, 9) einem rückwärtigen Bereich der Insassenschutzvorrichtung (6) zugewandt ist.2. Occupant protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the outflow opening (8, 9) faces a rear region of the occupant protection device (6). 3. Insassenschutzvorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Insassenschutzvorrichtung (6) in einem Behälter (10) angeordnet ist, in welchen das Gas durch die Abströmöffnung (8, 9) einleitbar ist.3. Occupant protection device according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the occupant protection device (6) is arranged in a container (10) in which the gas can be introduced through the outflow opening (8, 9). 4. Insassenschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch eine gezielte Auslegung des Behälters eine Expansionskammer geschaffen wird.4. occupant protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that an expansion chamber is created by a targeted design of the container. 5. Insassenschutzvorrichtung nach zumindest einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Insassenschutzvorrichtung (6) als ein von der Anordnung im Kraftfahrzeug (1) unabhängiges Modul ausgeführt ist.5. Occupant protection device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the occupant protection device (6) is designed as a module which is independent of the arrangement in the motor vehicle (1). 6. Insassenschutzvorrichtung nach zumindest einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abströmöffnung (8, 9) derart an dem Luftkissen (4, 5) angeordnet ist, daß diese durch den Aufprall des Insassen (2, 3) in einen ihm abgewandten Bereich beweglich ist.6. Occupant protection device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outflow opening (8, 9) on the air cushion (4, 5) is arranged such that this by the impact of the occupant (2, 3) in a region facing away from him is mobile. 7. Insassenschutzvorrichtung nach zumindest einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Insassenschutzvorrichtung (6) als ein geschlossenes System ausgeführt ist, so daß die entstehenden Expansionsgase im wesentlichen vollständig aufgefangen werden. Insassenschutzvorrichtung nach zumindest einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere Abströmöffnungen (8, 9) vorgesehen sind, die in Abhängigkeit der unfallbedingten Vorverlagerung des Insassen (2, 3) verschlossen oder geöffnet sind. 7. Occupant protection device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the occupant protection device (6) is designed as a closed system, so that the expansion gases are essentially completely absorbed. Occupant protection device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of outflow openings (8, 9) are provided which are closed or opened as a function of the accident-related forward displacement of the occupant (2, 3).
PCT/EP2001/008330 2000-07-25 2001-07-19 Occupant protection device Ceased WO2002008025A1 (en)

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DE20012864U DE20012864U1 (en) 2000-07-25 2000-07-25 Airbag module
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DE10038298.3 2000-08-05
DE2000138298 DE10038298A1 (en) 2000-08-05 2000-08-05 Passenger protection system for car comprises air bag which has air outlets on side directed away from passenger and which can be independently opened and closed, according to energy of impact of passenger with bag

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