WO2002004763A1 - Cork surface covering and a method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cork surface covering, in particular suitable for use as a cork floor covering, consisting of individual tiles (1) or strips which can be assembled and laid in a modular manner. Said covering comprises a cork layer (11) that is connected to a support layer (2). The cork layer (11) constitutes the surface of the floor covering or surface covering that is immediately accessible and visible. According to the invention, the cork layer (11) consists of cork pieces (3, 19, 21), which are punched directly from the cork tree bark, or produced from the waste or reject pieces that accumulate during the production of sealing corks (5), or from used sealing corks (5) that have been collected for recycling, said pieces being applied onto the support layer (2, 14) in a closely-packed manner and subsequently, or after the tiles (1) or strips have been laid, being abraded to a uniform height. Interstices (9) between the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) can be filled with a filler material.

Description

 Cork cladding and process for its manufacture

description

The invention relates to a cork surface covering, in particular to a cork flooring, in which the one

Layer of cork covering the accessible or visible surface of the

Forming covering or the cladding, arranged on a support layer or a substructure and is connected to it.

Cork surface claddings are known, for example, as pin walls and wall claddings, but also as cork floor coverings. The cork flooring is particularly valued for its pleasant, slightly springy running properties, which is easy on the feet and joints. In addition, these floor coverings have also proven to be highly resistant, hard-wearing, abrasion-resistant and therefore durable. This is also based to a large extent on the spring-elastic property mentioned. While other floors such as parquet, laminate, PVC plastic floors or linoleum very quickly have running, scratching or pressure marks, a good -Kork flooring can highly overused ^'be without visible after a short time unsightly scuffs ,

So far, cork floor coverings have been produced from waste produced in the manufacture of corks by granulating this waste, then binding it with adhesive and pressing it into blocks. After hardening, layable panels can be cut for use.

This type of production therefore requires additional, labor-intensive and, to a great extent, energy-consuming process steps for the recycling of cork, which have the economic benefits of recycling or waste recycling. frequently question, especially since they in turn pollute the environment. It has also often been complained that after the commercially available cork sheets have been laid, the chemical binders outgas, spread an unpleasant smell and can even be harmful to health. In addition, with the rather thin layers of cork, which are applied to a carrier board in the commercially available, installable cork boards, the positive properties of the material cork, such as elasticity, insulation against heat and cold, abrasion resistance, sound insulation, etc., are not really optimal to use; In contrast to plastics, which are also used as flooring, cork also prevents static charges, it is flame retardant, acid-resistant and rot-proof. Its durability is comparable to that of parquet with the advantage that it shows fewer impressions or scratches due to its elasticity.

From DE 33 39 713 AI a floor is known, the substructure consists of several layers. A plurality of mutually spaced support and guide elevations protrude from a thermal insulation layer, between which the heating pipes or heating lines of an underfloor heating system are laid in a loop. On the support and guide elevations, which can consist of cork pieces, there are metallic cover plates that are used to distribute the load and heat. These cover plates are also covered with an intermediate layer and then the actual, ie walk-on floor covering is applied, which can be chosen as desired, for example a parquet flooring or a carpet. With such a construction of a floor, the essential positive properties of cork are not used at all or they cannot have an effect. The cork pieces here serve as support and guide surveys only to ensure that there is sufficient space between the thermal insulation layer and the metallic cover plates. to keep the distance so that the heating pipes or heating lines of an underfloor heating find space between them and also between the cork pieces arranged at a distance from one another and are also held in place. The resilient properties of cork, as well as its heat-storing and sound-absorbing properties, have no effect due to the metal cover plates on top and remain unused. The distances between the individual pieces of cork also counteract a sensible use of these properties.

DE-OS 2 201 048 describes an insulating mat which consists of a layer of crepe paper, a bitumen layer applied thereon and a layer of cork shot adhering to the bitumen layer. This insulating mat is also not suitable as a floor covering, but only as a base for a floor; the thin cork layer, which is formed by the cork shot or cork granulate - the individual particles should only adhere to the bitumen layer - cannot develop a significant insulating effect. Grinding or granulating the cork cannot be avoided even when manufacturing such a mat.

DE-GM 88 06 444.1 describes a multilayer board body that is to be used as a floor or wall covering; its surface consists of a PVC plastic layer, underneath there is an insulation layer made of a granulate made of synthetic material, in which cork granulate can also be embedded and which is bound with a synthetic binder. The cork granulate here only forms an admixture in the substructure of the boards, so that the cork-specific properties cannot be brought to bear. In order to prevent outgassing from the insulation layer, in particular from the binder contained therein, from penetrating into the overlying PVC layer and damaging it, or reaching the room air and on its own There is a nuisance or even a health hazard to people who are staying there for a long time, it is proposed to provide a multilayer intermediate layer consisting of a plastic layer and a metal foil firmly connected to it and another plastic layer connected to this metal foil under the PVC layer.

JP 234 436 A discloses a laminate board made of synthetic resin, which is laminated with a thin decorative cork layer. The cork layer is cut into thin slices from a block, which is the product of a flocculation of pieces of cork of different sizes using a binder. The cork flakes are distributed in the binding agent in such a way that irregular gaps are created between the individual cork flakes, through which the layer underneath is visible, thus creating a three-dimensional impression. Here too, the advantageous properties of cork remain unused.

The object of the invention is to provide a surface covering and in particular a floor covering in which the favorable properties of the cork can be used in an improved manner and the production of which is less polluting and energy-consuming, in particular the granulation of the cork and the subsequent binding of the granulate with a binding agent that possibly releases harmful substances and the pressing of the mass can be dispensed with.

This is achieved according to the invention in that the cork layer made of unscrewed or ungranulated cork pieces which are punched directly out of the cork oak bark, or from unscreened or ungranulated garbage or reject pieces which are produced in the production of closure corks, or from used pieces for recycling collected unscrewed or ungranulated caps stands, and these cork pieces or corks are arranged close to each other on the carrier layer or the substructure and after application to the carrier layer or the substructure are ground to a uniform height.

The gaps remaining between the cork pieces or sealing corks are preferably filled with a filling material.

You get cork sheets or cork sheets that can be used to line any other surface, such as floors, walls, ceilings and the like. suitable and have a much thicker cork layer than commercially available goods. In this way, the excellent properties of cork are used much more effectively. By directly using solid material punched out of the cork oak bark or material collected for recycling, environmentally harmful and energy-consuming process steps, as are necessary with other processes, are eliminated. This also saves costs.

The cork pieces or sealing corks can consist of solid cork and / or pressed cork, so all types of corks that are currently in circulation and can be collected for recycling are suitable. A complex sorting can, if for special reasons, e.g. the aesthetics in use in the living area is desired, but is not required.

It can be advantageous if the cork pieces are spherical; applying it to the substructure of a floor or to a carrier layer that has previously been coated with an adhesive layer can be made considerably easier as a result. The spherical cork pieces can be poured from a loose supply onto the surface and pushed together and naturally find the right place for the densest possible placement of the surface.

The thickness of the floor covering or the surface cladding can be varied as required if the cork pieces have a disk shape of the appropriate thickness.

The cork pieces or sealing corks are arranged close to each other on a carrier plate made of any material or on a double-sided adhesive film with a protective layer or on a fabric web, which can be glued to its back with a double-sided adhesive film, and connected, preferably glued. The layable floor or cladding panel thus obtained as an intermediate product facilitates further processing, can be stacked and stored well. If the cork pieces are arranged on an adhesive film or a fabric sheet, the floor covering or the surface cladding can also be produced as rolled goods. In this case, it will also be advantageous if, as already mentioned, the cork pieces have a disc shape and the discs are, for example, 6 mm thick.

In order to be able to produce the floor covering or the surface cladding as rolled goods, the web-shaped carrier plate can alternatively also be provided on its back with incisions running transversely to the longitudinal direction of the web and mutually parallel, or the web-shaped carrier plate can consist of individual slats running transversely to the longitudinal direction of the web exist that are movably connected to each other.

Gaps remaining between the cork pieces or sealing corks are preferably filled with a filling material. A suitable filling material is, for example, a mass of grinding or abrasion dust and a putty paste or an elastic grout or an acrylic-based mass with the addition of cork powder and cement spatula. One or more color components can be added to the filling compound as desired.

By filling the gaps, you get a closed and easy-to-walk surface that is easy on the feet and joints thanks to the slightly resilient properties of the cork.

In the case of industrial or workshop floors in particular, the gaps between the cork pieces or sealing corks can also be filled with loose sand. The sand can absorb leaking oil or other dirt and can be removed with an industrial vacuum cleaner, if necessary, and then the floor can be reseeded. This results in an inexpensive renewal of the floor.

The base plates can advantageously be used on both sides. In particular, if the floor panels are laid with the cork side down, the gaps between the cork pieces or sealing corks can be made wide enough to be able to accommodate cables such as telephone or television cables.

The cork pieces or sealing corks can be terminated on the carrier layer with their edges, or offset in rows, and alternately protruding at the edges and arranged with them, in the latter case being laid interlockingly at the joints.

Cork plates consisting of a carrier plate as a carrier layer and cork pieces or corks attached to it can be connected to each other using tongue and groove. Cork boards or rollable cork tracks can also be clipped together.

Particularly for the professional design of floors, it can be advantageous if at least some of the cork pieces or corks are held together loosely but in bundles by an adhesive tape until they are installed. With these loose bundles of cork, when laying a floor in a corner of the room, angle deviations can be easily compensated for. In this case, a number of individual cork pieces or sealing corks are first inserted into an adhesive layer in a corner of the room and then the cork plates or cork sheets, which can be laid in a modular manner, are laid in an abutting manner. A similar procedure can also be used when using spherical cork pieces.

To produce a cork surface covering according to the invention or a cork floor covering, a carrier plate is first cut and coated on one side with an adhesive, and then cork pieces or sealing corks are inserted closely next to one another in this adhesive bed. Parts of this procedure can be carried out in workshops for the disabled.

Alternatively, a double-sided adhesive film can be cut and sealed on one side with cork pieces or sealing corks.

It is advantageous if templates are used in the manufacture of the surface cladding described here, on which the space for each individual cork piece is marked and, particularly advantageously, identified by a correspondingly shaped depression. In this way, the required dense filling with cork pieces can really be achieved and mechanical processing of cork pieces brought in from a loose stock via a separating device is also supported. The cork pieces inserted on or into the template are then thinly coated with adhesive, for example with the aid of a roller, and the carrier layer is then applied.

To produce rolled goods, a fabric web is preferably cut and coated on one side with an adhesive layer, whereupon the cork pieces or sealing corks are placed close to one another on this adhesive layer.

The cork pieces or sealing corks can be sanded to the same height immediately after the mounting of the carrier plate or adhesive film or fabric web or only after laying.

Filling the spaces between the cork pieces or the sealing cork with filling material can also be carried out on the plates or sheets as an intermediate product or only after laying a floor.

The surface resulting from the cork pieces or corks can be further treated, e.g. oiled and / or lacquered and / or colored and / or sealed. It is also possible to dye the cork or cork pieces beforehand in an unprocessed state.

The surface cladding according to the invention can be used universally, it is suitable for wall and ceiling cladding and as flooring in the living area, in industry and workshops, and due to its high durability, particularly in schools and sports facilities; when lining larger rooms, it not only has a sound-absorbing effect, it also has a sound-absorbing effect and can thus improve the acoustics. The invention is described below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings; show it

1 is a perspective view of a flooring panel according to the invention according to a first embodiment of the invention,

2 shows an example of various locks that can be used to produce a floor covering according to the invention,

3 separated or recycled closure corks arranged on a carrier plate for a floor covering plate according to a further embodiment of the invention,

4 is a perspective view of two floor covering panels according to FIG. 3 joined together in a butt joint,

5 shows the top view of two assembled flooring panels according to another embodiment of the invention,

6 shows a further embodiment or application form of the invention,

7 shows an exemplary application of the invention,

8 shows a further embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 9 and 10 individual corks prepared in bundles for laying a floor

11 shows a further embodiment of the invention,

12 and 13 embodiments of the invention as roll goods, 14 shows a special possibility of producing a cork floor covering according to the invention.

1 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a floor plate 1 which can be laid according to the invention. On a carrier plate 2 cuboid cork pieces 3 are applied abutting each other. The cork pieces 3 of this embodiment are preferably punched directly as solid material from the bark harvested from cork oaks in a known manner. Their height and thus the height of the resulting cork layer 11 of the floor covering is thus primarily determined by the thickness of the cork oak bark harvested. The higher the resulting cork layer 11, the more properties such as elasticity, sound insulation and heat and cold insulation of the material come into effect. Of course, there is also the possibility of cutting collected corks or waste pieces from the production of corks or cork pieces cut directly from the cork oak bark into slices of any thickness or less thickness, depending on requirements, and processing them in accordance with the invention. The cork discs can preferably be 6 mm thick and have a diameter of 27 mm.

Contrary to popular belief, this does not mean overexploitation of nature. At a time when the beverage industry and also the winegrowers and wineries are increasingly switching from the cork to the screw cap, this opens up an opportunity to preserve the cork oaks and cork oak groves in the traditional cultivation areas and to prevent them from dying off and bushing. In contrast to other trees that die if their bark is peeled off, the cork oak gets exceptionally good at peeling the bark or harvesting the cork in the usual perennial rhythm. The carrier plate 2 can be selected from any material. This can be, for example, a wooden board, a chipboard, one of the commercially available, already existing, relatively thin cork boards, a plastic board, etc. To produce the floor plate 1 that can be laid, the support plate 2 is coated with an adhesive layer 4 and the cork pieces 3 are inserted into the adhesive bed. The surface 8 is ground and can then be further treated, for example like parquet, sealed, varnished, oiled or colored, depending on the purpose of the covering. A preliminary coloring of the still unprocessed cork pieces is also possible.

According to the invention, however, used closure corks 5, which have been collected for recycling, or which are discarded during production, can advantageously also be used

Closure corks 5 can be used, namely all types of closure corks 5 currently in circulation, as shown by way of example in FIG. 2, can be used for this purpose. The corks 5 can, but do not have to be sorted according to size and height.

Closure corks 5 are either punched directly from the harvested cork oak bark, i.e. from the full material, or pressed from granulated cork with the addition of a binding paste, for which purpose the waste pieces resulting from the cork oak bark being punched out are also used. In addition, closure corks are also produced as composite corks 6, for example champagne corks. They consist of at least two different layers 6 'and 6 ", one 6' made of solid material, the other made of pressed cork. In the manufacture of sealing corks made of solid material, individual pieces also have to be separated out as rejects because, for example, the circumferential groove made of the material on the circumference is not suitable for a secure closure. All of these types of closure corks can be used for the manufacture of the surface covering or floor panels according to the invention can be used. Rejects or waste pieces of the cork plates or cork blocks which are produced as an intermediate in the manufacture of corks can also be used.

According to Fig. 3, the corks 5 are on a carrier plate 2 coated with an adhesive layer 4 of e.g. 30 by 30 cm in size vertically and close together. The corks 5 can be arranged on the edges 7 of the carrier plate 2 in a final or projecting manner (see FIG. 5). After the adhesive layer 4 has hardened, the resulting surface 8 is sanded off, whereby the corks 5 and thus the cork layer 11 formed from them are brought to a uniform height. The spaces 9 between the corks 5 can be filled up, preferably with the abrasive dust with the addition of, for example, a putty paste, such as is also used in the jointing of wooden parquet, or with another suitable material, and the surface 8 thereafter in a manner known per se Way, further treated, oiled, colored and / or sealed. The cork boards for general surface covering produced in this way can be stacked and stored well until they are actually used.

Fig. 4 shows how two of these cork floor panels 1 are to be laid against each other. The sub-floor, eg a screed, is prepared in a known manner for this purpose, coated with an adhesive and the floor slabs are laid on it one abut. A joint 10 of about 2 to 5 mm in width, which remains between the individual base plates 1 or support plates 2, is quite desirable and wanted so that the material can work. It can also, as already described above in connection with the interspaces 9, and optionally filled and grouted together with these. Alternatively, the connection between the cork floor panels 1 can also be made with a tongue and groove connection which is provided on the side of the carrier plates 2. A suitable clamp or click connection is also conceivable.

4, the corks 5 close off at the edges 7 of the carrier plate 2, or the base plates 1 have been cut laterally accordingly. 5 shows how the base plates 1 are to be installed when the corks 5 are arranged so as to protrude at the edges 7 of the carrier plate 2. The corks 5 are arranged in rows with a gap, so that one cork 5 alternately protrudes from the side edges 7 and the next ends with the edge 7. The floor panels 1 are put together during installation so that the protruding corks 5 of the one floor panel 1 engage in the gaps of the adjacent floor panel 1, resulting in a closed surface 8 which can be further treated as described.

Of course, an additional connection can also be provided on the carrier plates 2 by means of tongue and groove or clip or click connection.

Especially with industrial or workshop floors, it can be advantageous to leave the floor covering described here unsealed and to fill the spaces 9 and joints 10 with loose sand after laying instead of with a paste. The sand can e.g. absorb leaking oil or other contaminants and will do so before they can penetrate the cork 5 or the cork layer 11. After a certain

The sand can then be vacuumed off with an industrial vacuum cleaner and the floor can be sanded anew. In this way, the floor can be freed from special contaminants again and again and practically replaced in a cost-effective manner. 6 shows another way of using the base plates 1. This is because they can advantageously be used on both sides. If the floor slabs 1 are laid with the cork side down on a surface prepared in a known manner, as shown in FIG. it is also possible to lay lines 12 of different types, such as telephone and television cables, in the intermediate spaces 9, for which purpose these can also be designed a little further. Filling the intermediate spaces 9 is not necessary for this type of application; on the contrary, it would even reduce the insulating effect, since air chambers enclosed in one layer are known to form good heat and cold insulation. The surface of the carrier plate 2 which then forms the upper side 18 can optionally be designed from the outset in accordance with the desired appearance of the floor or can be subsequently treated or, for example, can also be provided with an additional covering.

FIG. 7 shows how a floor covering according to the invention can be produced or installed starting in a corner of the room. The prepared substrate is coated with paste and a larger number of corks 5 or cork pieces 3 are placed close together in the corner of the room; it is advantageous to compensate for angular deviations in the corners of the room. If the corner of the room is adequately equipped with corks 5 or cork pieces 3, the base plates 1 present as an intermediate product according to FIGS. 1, 3, 4 or 5 can be pushed in, as indicated by the arrows P in FIG. 7, and the further floor area can be occupied. In this case, it is advisable to grind the surface 8 and to seal it or to carry out another treatment only after the floor tiles 1 have been completely laid and not on the intermediate to make product in order to compensate for differences in height, also between the individually used corks 5 and the base plates 1. This procedure is also generally recommended above all for the professional laying of the covering, while the finished, ground and treated floor panels 1 are also and especially suitable for use in do-it-yourself stores as a finished cork parquet.

Also for professional use, the corks 5 or cork pieces can, as indicated in FIG. 8, be arranged on a double-sided adhesive film 14 with a protective layer 15 in the same way as on a carrier plate 2. The protective layer 15 is only pulled off immediately before or during installation and the double-sided adhesive film 14, together with the corks 5 or cork pieces arranged thereon, is e.g. applied to the substrate in accordance with the arrows P in FIG. 7 and adheres to it, so that it is not necessary to coat the substrate beforehand with adhesive.

Especially for filling room corners, it can be advantageous and simplify the work and make it less time-consuming if the corks 5 or the cork pieces 3 are kept ready as a loose bundle of corks 16, which is held together by an adhesive tape 17. The bundle of corks 16 is pushed into the corner of the room, the adhesive tape 17 is removed and then the corks 5 or cork pieces are finally arranged in an angle-compensating manner, after which it is possible to continue in the manner described.

The loose cork bundles 16 can also be used to cover an entire area.

In particular, but not only for the latter method, it can be advantageous to use spherical cork pieces 19. As shown in FIG. 14, these can be assigned to a floor that has previously been provided with a thin layer of adhesive if necessary, poured out and pushed together. Due to their spherical shape, these cork pieces 19 will automatically position themselves relative to one another in such a way that the substrate is filled as densely as possible. The gaps 9 can be filled again with a casting compound and the surface can then be ground and possibly further treated.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. The floor covering according to the invention can also be rolled up 24, i.e. in rollable webs. For this purpose, cork pieces in one of the variants described above are applied to a fabric 20 or a plastic film as the carrier layer 2. In order to better roll up the product, as shown in Fig. 12, cork pieces in the form of cork discs 21 are advantageously used, which e.g. have a thickness of 6 mm. The gaps 9 can either be filled later with a filling compound when the goods are laid, or the gaps 9 can then be filled with an elastic filling compound already on the intermediate product, ie the roll that can be rolled out. This filling compound can be an elastic joint compound in different shades corresponding to the intended use. It can also be an acrylic-based paste mixed with cork powder and cement spatula, to which special color components can be added.

It is advantageous if the fabric 20 used as the backing layer is provided on one side with a double-sided self-adhesive film with a protective layer, in order to simplify the laying of the webs. If a plastic film is used as the carrier layer, it can advantageously be a film that is self-adhesive on both sides. In order to produce the floor covering with a thicker support layer 2 than rolled goods 24, if necessary, this support layer 2 can, according to FIG. 13, on the side facing away from the cork and transversely to the web with slots 22 or parallel to one another at a suitable distance from one another.

Incisions. For this purpose, the material of the carrier layer 2 itself should have a certain elasticity. If a rigid material is to be used as the carrier layer 2, it could consist of individual lamellae 23 which are movably connected to one another. For example, such a connection can be made with the help of at least two bendable strips of textile or plastic. Other means known per se for connecting such slats 23 are also possible.

In the manufacture of the cork sheets or cork sheets as an intermediate product, in order to achieve the required dense filling of the support layer with cork pieces, templates can preferably be used on which the places for the individual cork pieces are marked, and particularly advantageously by correspondingly shaped depressions. This not only facilitates the manual loading of cork pieces, it also supports the mechanical processing of cork pieces brought in from a loose stock via a separating device. The pieces of cork inserted into the template can then be thinly coated with an adhesive using a roller or roller and the carrier layer can then be applied. If a film is to be used as the carrier layer, this could be provided with perforations and placed directly on the cork pieces inserted in the template, after which the adhesive would have to be spread. This would then penetrate through the perforations to the cork pieces, so that punctiform connection points would result. Designation list:

1 base plate

2 carrier plate

3 pieces of cork, cuboid

4 layer of adhesive

5 caps

6 composite corks

7 edges

8 surface

9 spaces

10 joints

11 layer of cork

12 lines

13 room corner

14 adhesive film

15 protective layer

16 bundles of corks

17 tape

18 top

19 cork balls

20 tissues

21 cork discs

22 slots

23 slats

24 roll goods

Claims

claims 1. Cork surface cladding, in particular cork flooring, in which a cork layer, which forms the walkable or visible surface of the covering or cladding, is arranged on and connected to a carrier layer or a substructure, characterized in that the cork layer (11) from unscrewed or ungranulated pieces of cork (3, 19, 21) which are stamped directly from the cork oak bark, or from unscrewed or ungranulated pieces of waste or scrap, or from used pieces, for the manufacture of corks (5) there is recycling of the unscrewed or ungranulated sealing cork (5), and these cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) are arranged close to one another on the carrier layer (2, 14) or the substructure and after being applied the support layer (2, 14, 20) or the substructure are ground to a uniform height. 2. Cork surface covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or closure corks (5) consist of solid cork and / or pressed cork. 3. cork surface covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork pieces (19) have a spherical shape. 4. cork surface covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork pieces (21) have a disc shape. 5. cork surface cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) close to each other on a carrier plate (2) arranged and connected to it, preferably glued. 6. Cork surface covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) are arranged close to one another on a double-sided adhesive film (14) with a removable protective layer (15). 7. cork surface cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) are arranged close to one another on a fabric web (20) and fastened. 8. cork surface covering according to claim 7, characterized in that on the back of the fabric web (20) is applied a double-sided self-adhesive film with a removable protective layer. 9. cork surface covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or closure corks (5) are arranged and fastened on a web-shaped carrier plate and the carrier plate on its back with transverse to the longitudinal direction of the web and parallel to each other extending slots (22) or incisions is provided. 10. Cork surface covering according to claim 1, characterized in that a web-shaped carrier plate consists of individual slats (23) running transversely to the longitudinal direction of the web, which are movably connected to one another. 11. cork surface covering according to claim 1, characterized in that between the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or corks (5) remaining gaps (9) are filled with a filling material. 12. Cork surface cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that between the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) existing spaces (9) are filled with a mass of grinding or abrasion dust produced during manufacture and a putty paste , 13. Cork surface covering according to claim 1, characterized in that between the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) existing spaces (9) are filled with an elastic grout. 14. Cork surface covering according to claim 1, characterized in that between the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) existing gaps (9) are filled with an acrylic-based filler with the addition of cork powder and cement spatula. 15. cork surface covering according to claim 1, characterized in that between the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) existing gaps (9) are filled with a filler to which one or more color components are added. 16. Cork surface covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the gaps (9) between the cork pieces (3, 21) or sealing corks (5) are filled with sand. 17. cork surface covering according to claim 1, characterized in that between the cork pieces (3, 21) or sealing corks (5) existing gaps (9) far enough are to accommodate cables (12) to be laid, such as telephone or television cables. 18. Cork surface cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or closure corks (5) on the carrier layer (2, 14, 20) with their edges (7) are finally arranged. 19. Cork surface cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) are offset from one another in rows and protrude alternately at the edges (7) and finally with them on the carrier layer ( 2, 14, 20) are arranged. 20. Cork surface cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork base plates (1) or cork tracks consisting of the carrier layer (2, 14, 20) and the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) fastened thereon can be used on both sides. 21. Cork surface covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork plates (1) consisting of a carrier plate as the carrier layer (2) and the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) attached thereto are connected to one another by means of tongue and groove are. 22. Cork surface cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork plates (1) or cork sheets, which consist of the carrier layer (2, 14, 20) and the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) attached thereto, are clamped together are. 23. Cork surface covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the loose cork pieces (3) or closure corks (5) are held together by an adhesive tape (17) until they are laid. 24. The method for producing a cork surface covering, in particular a cork flooring according to claim 1, characterized in that a carrier plate (2) is cut and coated on one side with an adhesive and cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or Ver - The final corker (5) is placed close to each other and then sanded to an even height. 25. The method for producing a cork surface covering, in particular a cork flooring according to claim 1, characterized in that a double-sided adhesive film (14) is cut and on one side with Cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) are placed close to each other and then these cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) are ground to a uniform height. 26. The method for producing a cork surface covering, in particular a cork flooring according to claim 1, characterized in that a fabric web (20) is cut and coated on one side with an adhesive layer and the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or The sealing cork (5) is placed close to each other and then ground to a uniform height. 27. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that spaces (9) between the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or the closure cork (5) are filled with filler material. 28. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that the surface (8) resulting from the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) is oiled and / or lacquered and / or colored and / or sealed becomes. 29.The method according to any one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that the cork plates (1) or cork sheets which can be laid in a modular manner are laid abutting one another on a base prepared in a manner known per se, then the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) ground to a uniform height and the gaps (9) between the cork pieces (3, 19, 21) or sealing corks (5) filled with a filling material. 30.Procedure for producing a floor covering according to Claim 1, characterized in that the floor surface to be covered is coated with an adhesive layer and spherical cork pieces (19) from a loose supply are poured onto the adhesive layer and pushed together tightly, then the spherical cork pieces (19) are ground to a uniform height and between the Cork pieces (19) remaining spaces (9) are filled with a filling material.