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WO2002001682A1 - Connecteurs electriques - Google Patents

Connecteurs electriques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002001682A1
WO2002001682A1 PCT/GB2001/002847 GB0102847W WO0201682A1 WO 2002001682 A1 WO2002001682 A1 WO 2002001682A1 GB 0102847 W GB0102847 W GB 0102847W WO 0201682 A1 WO0201682 A1 WO 0201682A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connector
members
axis
relative rotation
bodies
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2001/002847
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Nikola Tomislav Vicentè NIKOLIC
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Damco Ltd
Original Assignee
Damco Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Damco Ltd filed Critical Damco Ltd
Priority to AU2001266183A priority Critical patent/AU2001266183A1/en
Publication of WO2002001682A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002001682A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/28—Roller contacts; Ball contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/64—Devices for uninterrupted current collection
    • H01R39/643—Devices for uninterrupted current collection through ball or roller bearing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to connectors for establishing an electrical connection between two relatively rotatable members and finds particular application in electric motors.
  • an electrical power source is connected by means of brushes to coils on an armature which is arranged for rotation about, or within, a stator in the form of one or more permanent magnets.
  • the rotation of the armature relative to the brushes also serves to switch the electric current between the coils.
  • the rotor comprises a plurality of permanent magnets
  • the stator comprises the coils and the associated electrical circuitry which controls the switching of the electrical power source between the coils.
  • a problem with the first type is that the use of brushes to connect the power supply to the rotating armature inevitably gives rise to some degree of arcing, and the associated undesirable consequences of wear of the brushes, electromagnetic, typically radio- frequency, interference and audible noise.
  • Bearing assemblies have been suggested for effecting an electrical connection between two relatively rotatable members. These can take the form of ball bearing assemblies or roller bearing assemblies.
  • the spherical balls used in the first type have the disadvantage that, even when mounted in a contoured track, a true line contact cannot readily be achieved in practice because of the high precision required in the manufacture of the contoured tracks. This, in turn, leads to arcing and the associated undesirable consequences of power loss, the erosion of electrical contacts and radio interference. Even where the spherical balls initially fit perfectly into the contoured tracks, there may still be the tendency for the balls to jam in use, which precludes free rotation and leads to rapid wear. Furthermore, high rotational speeds can lead to wear of the outermost portion of the contoured tracks as a result of the centripetal force exerted by the tracks on the spherical balls. This effect also gives rise to a deterioration of the line contact between the balls and the tracks.
  • roller bearings used in the second type when oriented radially, suffer from the disadvantage that the resulting assemblies must also necessarily exhibit a degree of slippage. This results from the fact that the tracks in which the rollers rotate, in moving through a given angle, move a greater linear distance at their radially outermost end than at their radially innermost end, and the roller must therefore slide to some extent either at one end or the other, or at both ends.
  • an electrical connector comprising two relatively rotatable members and a bearing assembly, the bearing assembly comprising a body defining a first substantially conical electrically conductive surface arranged in use to be in simultaneous non-sliding electrical contact with both of the members, the arrangement being such that the body rotates about its cone axis simultaneously with the relative rotation of the two members.
  • the non-sliding electrical contact arises from the conical surface, since the conical shape compensates for the variation in circumference of the rotating parts of the members with distance from the axis of rotation.
  • the body preferably has a second substantially conical electrically conductive surface, electrically insulated from the first surface, arranged in use to be in simultaneous non- sliding electrical contact with both of said members, such that two separate electrical paths are established between the two relatively rotating members.
  • the bearing assembly may alternatively have a second body with a substantially conical electrically conductive surface also arranged to be in simultaneous electrical contact with both of said members, the arrangement being such that the second body also rotates about its cone axis simultaneously with the relative rotation of the two members, such that two separate electrical current paths are established between the two members.
  • the first and second bodies may be arranged substantially coaxially.
  • This provides an alternative arrangement for effecting both a voltage supply and a return conductive path, and this arrangement is particularly suitable for use in cheaper, mass- produced motors.
  • the cone axis of the or each conductive surface is preferably substantially perpendicular to the axis of relative rotation.
  • the vertex, or projected vertex, of the or each conical conductive surface preferably lies substantially on the axis of relative rotation.
  • each of the members in contact with the or each conical conductive surface is itself substantially conical and has a respective cone axis substantially coincident with the axis of relative rotation.
  • Each member preferably comprises an insulating support on which is mounted one or more electrically conductive elements which is in electrical contact with the bearing assembly .
  • the or each conductive element may be in the form of an annular track whose centre lies substantially on the axis of relative rotation.
  • Each of the conductive elements is preferably so mounted by one or more projections on either the element or its corresponding support and one or more corresponding recesses in either the support or element respectively.
  • the connector preferably comprises a plurality of such bodies arranged at different respective angular positions about the axis of relative rotation. Preferably, these are arranged symmetrically about the axis of relative rotation. This provides the benefit of structural integrity.
  • the connector preferably further comprises one or more dummy bodies having substantially the same shape as said one or more bodies but bearing no conductive surface. This arrangement is particularly advantageous in cheaper, mass-produced motors, where cost is an important consideration. Such dummy bodies provide the benefit of structural integrity without being used to form conductive paths.
  • a first one of the bodies may be arranged to effect a first electrical connection between the two relatively rotatable members and a second one of the bodies may be arranged to effect a second, different electrical connection therebetween.
  • the body or bodies are preferably mounted within a housing, which may be in the form of a substantially cylindrical cage.
  • the housing is preferably arranged to rotate about the axis of relative rotation. Such an arrangement facilitates the assembly of the connector, since the bodies may be mounted with the cage prior to assembly of the cage with the other components of the connector.
  • the one or more conical surfaces of the connector is preferably substantially smooth, in order to enhance the electrical contacts.
  • the present invention extends to an electric motor comprising a connector of the above type.
  • a motor preferably comprises means mounted on the rotatable armature for effecting electrical switching of an electrical current conducted via the connector between a plurality of armature-mounted coils.
  • the connector is electrically connected to the armature-mounted coils by means of plurality of snap-fitting electrodes.
  • Figure 1 illustrates in exploded form a first embodiment of a connector in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 2 illustrates the arrangement of Figure 1, viewed from a different angle
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the roller cage of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4(a) illustrates the structure of one of the rollers of the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4(b) is a cross-section of one of the rollers of the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS 5(a) and 5(b) illustrate the structure of termination snap electrodes provided on an electric motor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 illustrates in exploded form a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • a connector constituting a first embodiment of the present invention forms part of an electric motor in which three armature-mounted coils are caused to rotate within a housing to which are mounted a sequence of field magnets.
  • the connector serves to transmit electric power from a source external to the motor to the armature-mounted coils.
  • the connector comprises a generally cylindrical module 1 arranged symmetrically about an axis of rotation.
  • the connector module 1 comprises a cylindrical housing 2 on the outside of which are located two electrically conductive terminals 3, 4 for receiving a voltage supply.
  • an insulating base 5 for supporting inner and outer conductive tracks 6, 7 which are electrically connected to the two terminals 3, 4 respectively via inner and outer circular sprung electrodes (not shown) made from beryllium-copper alloy, or other suitable alloy.
  • Beryllium-copper alloy exhibits an excellent spring quality, good resistance to corrosion and also an ability to conform to a shape which is stamped out from a sheet for the material.
  • These sprung electrodes are mounted concentrically in a coplanar fashion on a backing disc and separated by a small gap (not shown). The electrodes, together with the associated backing disc, constitute a first assembly in which the manufacturing process is facilitated through the use of "plug and lock" connectors.
  • Mounted on the insulating base 5 is an encoder disc 8, the function of which is described below.
  • the inner and outer conductive tracks 6, 7 are each provided with four conductive lugs 9, 10 which serve not only to transmit the voltage from the terminals 3, 4 to the tracks 6, 7 via the sprung electrodes, but also to maintain the alignment of the tracks 6, 7 on the insulating base 5, by fitting into corresponding apertures 11, 12 formed in the base 5 and thereby providing evenly distributed contact force at these four positions symmetrically arranged about the axis of rotation.
  • the tracks 6, 7 define the surface of a cone arranged symmetrically about the axis of rotation 2, the apex of which is to the left of the tracks 6, 7 in the arrangement of Figures 1 and 2.
  • the insulating base 5 is made from a rigid tough plastics material, such as poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) or other material having similar characteristics.
  • PEEK poly(ether ether ketone)
  • a major advantage of this material is its low coefficient of expansion, resulting in a component of high dimensional stability both at high and low temperatures, its low level of moisture absorption and high rigidity.
  • the insulating base 5 is formed with the conductive tracks attached thereto as a single component.
  • the cage housing 15 is of a single-piece construction, for reasons of economy, but could alternatively be made from several components, and is made from a slightly flexible but rugged plastics material such as acetal copolymer or poly(ether ether ketone (PEEK).
  • the assembly 13 is formed with a number of holes for reasons of economy, to minimise the quantity of material required in the manufacturing process.
  • the function of the cage housing 15 is simply to retain the cone-shaped rollers 14 in position.
  • Each roller 14 comprises an inner conductive cone portion 16 and an outer conductive cone portion 17 separated by an insulating spacer 18.
  • the conductive portions are made from either free- turning brass (machinable brass) having a slightly lower copper content compared with other brasses.
  • free- turning brass machine brass
  • aluminium plated with rhodium/palladium alloy, with ruthenium/silver alloy or with any other suitable alloys having appropriate surface, electrical and mechanical properties may be employed. The platings serve to reduce the metal-to-metal contact resistance, in some cases relying on the well-known skin effect.
  • each of the rollers is provided with either an inner or an outer conductive cone portion only, which facilitates a simpler arrangement.
  • rollers bearing an inner conductive cone portion are preferably mounted within the cage housing alternately with those bearing an outer conductive cone portion.
  • the tracks 21, 22 are structurally similar to the conductive tracks 6, 7, except that these further conductive tracks 21, 22 are each provided with only three conductive lugs 23, 24 which fit within corresponding apertures 25, 26 formed in a further insulating base 27.
  • the base 27 is made from the same material as that of the insulating base 5 and is attached, e.g. by moulding, to a ceramic substrate 28 which is provided with a pairs of electrical terminals 29 which are connected to the three pairs of conductive lugs 23, 24 attached to the further conductive tracks 21, 22.
  • the ceramic substrate 28 is made from a ceramic material having high rigidity, high thermal conductivity and good dimensional stability at elevated temperatures.
  • switching circuitry 30 which serves to effect sequential connection between the terminals 29 and two of three output terminals 31, 32, 33 mounted on the side of the ceramic substrate 28 opposite to the three pairs of terminals 29.
  • the switching circuitry 30 comprises low-loss, fast, high-power MOSFET transistors (or alternatively IGBT's), a MOSFET driver block and a voltage regulator. Such switching circuitry can switch power with no significant arcing.
  • the three output terminals 31, 32 33 are connected to three respective coils mounted on the armature of the electric motor via three respective termination snap electrodes 34, 35, 36 on an armature termination disc 37, as shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b).
  • each of the termination snap electrodes 34, 35, 36 is in the form of a folded spring 38 bearing a hemispherical projection 39 which is arranged to mate with a corresponding hemispherical recess in the associated output terminal 31, 32 or 33.
  • the output terminals 31, 32, 33 have a chamfered profile 40, as can be seen in Figure 5(b), facilitating the location of the snap electrodes 34, 35, 36.
  • an angular displacement detector 41 mounted on the ceramic substrate 28 is an angular displacement detector 41 arranged to sense the angular position of the semiconductor substrate 28 relative to the field magnets of the motor by sensing patterns on the encoder disc 8 mounted on the base 5 which is stationary relative to the field magnets.
  • the angular displacement encoder is a three-bit reflective gray scale encoder, the pattern being sensed using the radiation from infrared light-emitting diodes and detected by phototransistors, the light-emitting diodes and the phototransistors constituting part of the angular displacement detector 41.
  • a Hall-effect, magnetic sensor may be employed.
  • the encoder is structured to resolve 60-degree sectors, which is sufficient for normal motor applications involving traction. However, if the motor is intended to be used for servo purposes, then an encoder having a much higher resolution would be required. This could take the form either of an additional encoder, which would be fitted externally to the motor casing, in which case the internal encoder would still be required for effecting the sequential energising of the armature coils, or the internal encoder could itself be structured for high-resolution detection.
  • the switching effected by the circuitry 30 is controlled in dependence on the sensed angular position in accordance with a pre-stored program and/or by a program transmitted to the circuitry 30 using a wireless, e.g. infra-red, communications link.
  • a wireless communications link With both a wireless communications link and internal closed-loop positional feedback, such motors can be programmed to act both in servo and in traction modes.
  • the connector module as a whole not only effects an electrical connection between the two terminals 3, 4 on the housing 1 and the three terminals 34, 35, 36 on the armature termination disc 37, but also effects the commutation switching between the three terminals 34, 35, 36 by virtue of the switching circuitry 30. Thus, no additional switching by the use of brushes or the like is required.
  • the connector module 1 is designed to pass over a motor output shaft and to be snap-fitted into position in which it mates with the armature termination disc via the termination snap electrodes. Once fitted on the motor shaft, it constitutes a unit which is sealed against ingress of contaminants, greatly enhancing the reliability and performance of the motor system.
  • FIG. 6 A second embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in Figure 6.
  • the cage housing 15 comprises a pair of semicircular ribs 42, and two of the four cone-shaped rollers 14 of the first embodiment have been replaced by two pairs of cone-shaped rollers 43, each roller being snap-fitted within the cage between one of the semicircular ribs 42 and either the innermost wall or the outermost wall of the cage housing 15.
  • the other two of the four cone-shaped rollers 14 of the first embodiment have been replaced by two non-conductive dummy rollers 44.
  • the sprung electrodes, together with the associated backing disc are omitted, their function being performed by the cylindrical housing 2.
  • the armature termination disc is also omitted, but a spring sleeve 45 is instead provided at the armature end of the connector module.
  • the motor of the preferred embodiments is provided with three armature-mounted coils, it would of course be possible to provide a different number of coils, with consequential changes to the number of electrodes and the switching circuitry.
  • a two-pole connector has been described, it would be possible to provide one of more further sets of conductive portions on the cone-shaped rollers, or one or more further sets of cone-shaped rollers to create a multi-polar connector.
  • Such an arrangement could be used to supply three-phase electric power to the coils of the motor.
  • the drive arrangements may be full-bridge, half -bridge or unipolar.

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  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un connecteur pour moteur électrique transmettant le courant à partir d'une source externe aux bobines du moteur montées sur induit. Le connecteur se compose de deux bornes (3,4) auxquelles est acheminé le courant et de deux tracés conducteurs coniques (6,7) montés sur une base isolante et connectés électriquement aux bornes (3,4). Un ensemble de roulement (13) se présentant sous la forme de quatre rouleaux coniques (14) logés dans une cage (15) est en contact électrique avec les tracés conducteurs (6,7). Chaque rouleau (14) est composé de parties coniques conductrices intérieure et extérieure (16,17), séparées par une bague d'espacement isolante (18). Sur le côté opposé à celui des tracés conducteurs (6,7) se trouve une autre paire de tracés conducteurs coniques (21,22) en contact électrique avec l'ensemble de roulement (13), lesquels sont connectés à un circuit de commutation (30) sur un substrat céramique (28), le circuit servant à effectuer la connexion séquentielle du courant aux bobines de moteur. Selon une variante, deux des quatre rouleaux coniques (14) sont remplacés par deux paires de rouleaux coniques et deux rouleaux fictifs non conducteurs.
PCT/GB2001/002847 2000-06-29 2001-06-28 Connecteurs electriques Ceased WO2002001682A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001266183A AU2001266183A1 (en) 2000-06-29 2001-06-28 Electrical connectors

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0016037A GB0016037D0 (en) 2000-06-29 2000-06-29 Electrical connectors
GB0016037.4 2000-06-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002001682A1 true WO2002001682A1 (fr) 2002-01-03

Family

ID=9894718

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2001/002847 Ceased WO2002001682A1 (fr) 2000-06-29 2001-06-28 Connecteurs electriques

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2001266183A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB0016037D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002001682A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005013437A1 (fr) * 2003-07-30 2005-02-10 Honeywell International Inc. Ensemble de transfert de signaux a rotation relative
DE102007053790B3 (de) * 2007-11-12 2009-05-07 Siteco Beleuchtungstechnik Gmbh LED-Leuchte zur Gestaltung der Lichtstärkeverteilung
WO2018008375A1 (fr) * 2016-07-04 2018-01-11 株式会社東海理化電機製作所 Connecteur rotatif
CN109546508A (zh) * 2018-11-21 2019-03-29 中国兵器装备集团上海电控研究所 模块化屏蔽滑环装置
EP3195423B1 (fr) * 2014-08-29 2019-04-10 Rotelcon B.V. Conducteur électrique rotatif
AT522792B1 (de) * 2019-11-20 2021-02-15 Cutpack Com Gmbh Elektrische Kontaktanordnung
EP4283800A1 (fr) 2022-05-25 2023-11-29 MERSEN Osterreich Hittisau Ges.m.b.H Ensemble de contact électrique rotatif

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH419276A (fr) * 1964-04-24 1966-08-31 Darbellay Marcel Dispositif de connexion électrique entre deux organes mobiles rotativement l'un par rapport à l'autre
GB2256753A (en) * 1991-06-10 1992-12-16 Tse Tak Tung Roller brushes for an electric motor

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH419276A (fr) * 1964-04-24 1966-08-31 Darbellay Marcel Dispositif de connexion électrique entre deux organes mobiles rotativement l'un par rapport à l'autre
GB2256753A (en) * 1991-06-10 1992-12-16 Tse Tak Tung Roller brushes for an electric motor

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005013437A1 (fr) * 2003-07-30 2005-02-10 Honeywell International Inc. Ensemble de transfert de signaux a rotation relative
US6921269B2 (en) 2003-07-30 2005-07-26 Honeywell International Inc. Relative rotation signal transfer assembly
DE102007053790B3 (de) * 2007-11-12 2009-05-07 Siteco Beleuchtungstechnik Gmbh LED-Leuchte zur Gestaltung der Lichtstärkeverteilung
EP3195423B1 (fr) * 2014-08-29 2019-04-10 Rotelcon B.V. Conducteur électrique rotatif
WO2018008375A1 (fr) * 2016-07-04 2018-01-11 株式会社東海理化電機製作所 Connecteur rotatif
CN109546508A (zh) * 2018-11-21 2019-03-29 中国兵器装备集团上海电控研究所 模块化屏蔽滑环装置
WO2021097502A1 (fr) 2019-11-20 2021-05-27 cutpack.com GmbH Agencement de contact électrique
AT522792A4 (de) * 2019-11-20 2021-02-15 Cutpack Com Gmbh Elektrische Kontaktanordnung
AT522792B1 (de) * 2019-11-20 2021-02-15 Cutpack Com Gmbh Elektrische Kontaktanordnung
CN114667650A (zh) * 2019-11-20 2022-06-24 切割包装胶合有限责任公司 电接触组件
KR20220097955A (ko) * 2019-11-20 2022-07-08 컷팩닷컴 게엠베하 전기적 접촉 배열체
KR102782416B1 (ko) 2019-11-20 2025-03-14 안드레아스 마이어 게엠베하 운트 콤파니 카게 전기적 접촉 배열체
CN114667650B (zh) * 2019-11-20 2025-07-29 安德里亚斯-迈尔有限公司 电接触组件
EP4283800A1 (fr) 2022-05-25 2023-11-29 MERSEN Osterreich Hittisau Ges.m.b.H Ensemble de contact électrique rotatif
WO2023227951A1 (fr) 2022-05-25 2023-11-30 MERSEN Österreich Hittisau Ges.m.b.H Ensemble de contact électrique rotatif
EP4533604A1 (fr) * 2022-05-25 2025-04-09 MERSEN Österreich Hittisau Ges.m.b.H Ensemble de contact électrique rotatif

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0016037D0 (en) 2000-08-23
AU2001266183A1 (en) 2002-01-08

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