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WO2002099472A2 - Amplificateur optique - Google Patents

Amplificateur optique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002099472A2
WO2002099472A2 PCT/US2002/018140 US0218140W WO02099472A2 WO 2002099472 A2 WO2002099472 A2 WO 2002099472A2 US 0218140 W US0218140 W US 0218140W WO 02099472 A2 WO02099472 A2 WO 02099472A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waveguide
multimode
multimode waveguide
input
amplifier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2002/018140
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2002099472A3 (fr
Inventor
Hong Po
Andrey A. Demidov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Optical Power Systems Inc
Original Assignee
Optical Power Systems Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Optical Power Systems Inc filed Critical Optical Power Systems Inc
Priority to AU2002310356A priority Critical patent/AU2002310356A1/en
Publication of WO2002099472A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002099472A2/fr
Publication of WO2002099472A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002099472A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
    • G02B6/2808—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using a mixing element which evenly distributes an input signal over a number of outputs
    • G02B6/2813—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using a mixing element which evenly distributes an input signal over a number of outputs based on multimode interference effect, i.e. self-imaging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
    • H01S3/06729—Peculiar transverse fibre profile
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/23—Arrangements of two or more lasers not provided for in groups H01S3/02 - H01S3/22, e.g. tandem arrangements of separate active media
    • H01S3/2383—Parallel arrangements

Definitions

  • This invention relates to optical amplifiers and systems containing such amplifiers, e.g. communication systems.
  • Optical amplifiers have been made from optical fibers having a single mode core that is doped with rare earth ions to produce a gain medium.
  • the signal to be amplified is injected into the single mode core and amplified through the length of fiber.
  • the core may be optically pumped through the fiber end or through the cladding that surrounds the single mode core.
  • Such amplifiers typically use a significant length of fiber, are inefficient for amplifying more than one channel, and are difficult to pump as compared to multimode systems.
  • the present invention provides a highly efficient, highly power-scalable optical amplifier that is easy to couple to a pump source and can amplify multiple channels using the same gain medium.
  • the invention relates to optical amplifiers and systems containing such amplifiers, e.g. communication systems.
  • one aspect of the invention features an amplifier including a multimode waveguide, an input waveguide, and an output waveguide, for an optical signal.
  • the input waveguide is coupled to the multimode waveguide at a first position.
  • the output waveguide is coupled to the multimode waveguide at a second position.
  • the distance between the first and second positions is a mirror image distance for the optical signal and the multimode waveguide.
  • the invention generally features an amplifier wherein the optical signal is a single mode signal.
  • the invention generally features a pump source coupled to the multimode waveguide so that the pump energy can pump the gain medium of the multimode waveguide.
  • another aspect of the invention features a method of amplifying an optical signal that includes coupling the optical signal at a first intensity into a multimode waveguide having a gain medium, coupling pump energy into to the gain medium of the multimode waveguide to pump the gain medium of the multimode waveguide, and coupling the optical signal at a second intensity out of the multimode waveguide, the second intensity being greater than the first intensity.
  • the invention generally features a method of amplifying an optical signal wherein the optical signal is a single mode signal.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an optical amplifier according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of an optical amplifier according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another embodiment of an optical amplifier according to the present invention.
  • the apparatus is based on the principle of multimode interference (MMI).
  • MMI multimode interference
  • the MMI phenomenon describes mode propagation in a multimode waveguide when an optical field of light is injected into one end of a multimode planar waveguide or fiber structure (see Fig.1 for slab waveguide example).
  • the light travels through the waveguide in an independent mode supported by the waveguide. After some distance, these modes arrive with such intensities and phases that constructive interference is produced. At this point, the resulting optical field structure has the same optical properties as the launched light.
  • the distances measured along the waveguide, from this point to the point of light injection, is called the mirror image distance for a reversed image of the injection optical field and the self-image distance for a direct image.
  • the self-image distance is twice that of the mirror-image distance in an offset slab waveguide or ring core fiber waveguide.
  • Fig. 1 shows a basic scheme of a single channel amplifier in accordance with the present invention in which an input signal is injected into input port lOlof multimode slab waveguide 105, where it is amplified and emitted as an output signal from output port 102.
  • the length of slab waveguide 105 is selected such that the signal at output point 104 is a self-image of the signal at launch point 103.
  • Slab waveguide 105 preferably supports only the fundamental mode in the vertical direction and multimode in the horizontal direction. Pump energy is typically coupled into slab waveguide 105 through edges 120.
  • Such multimode slab waveguides are known in the art.
  • such multimode slab waveguides are disclosed in commonly owned PCT Application Serial No. PCT/US02/10482, entitled "High-Power, High Beam Quality Slab Waveguide Laser", filed on April 5, 2002, which is incorporated by reference.
  • Fig. 2 is an example of a two channel slab waveguide amplifier with two input ports (201, 202) and two output ports (251, 252) for the first and second channels respectively.
  • Pump energy is coupled into slab waveguide 205 through edges 220. If the input ports take on the relationship to the output ports such that launch point 211 is imaged to output point 262, and launch point 212 is imaged to output point 261, then the length of slab waveguide 205 should be equal to the mirror image distance. If launch point 211 is imaged to output point 261, and launch point 212 is imaged to output point 262, however, then the length of slab waveguide 205 should be equal to twice the mirror image distance.
  • FIG. 3 An alternative embodiment of an optical amplifier in accordance with the present invention is shown in Fig. 3.
  • This embodiment uses a multimode ring core fiber rather than a slab waveguide.
  • Such ring-core fibers are known in the art.
  • such ring core fibers are disclosed in commonly owned PCT Application Serial No. PCT/ US02/09513, entitled “Ring Core Fiber", filed on March 27, 2002, which is incorporated by reference.
  • a multimode ring core fiber 300 having an active ring-shaped core 304 can have three input single mode fibers (301, 302, 303) and three output single mode fibers (351, 352, 353) spliced into the core, which are, in turn, spliced with the multimode fiber at the self-image distance.
  • the minimum length of multimode fiber for a ring with a 32-33 um radius is about 11 cm.
  • the structure of the present invention also allows for the generation of a relatively flat gain profile.
  • Self-image distance varies with wavelength, resulting in attenuation of the signal to be amplified.
  • Gain media doped with rare earth elements, e.g., erbium have a characteristic gain profile known in the art. By selecting a wavelength at which the signal attenuation coincides with a dip in the gain curve, a relatively flat gain profile can be achieved in the amplified signal or signals, e.g. in the case of a multi-channel amplifier.
  • the present invention thus allows for production of very compact multichannel amplifiers which are well suited for coupling to readily available multimode pump sources.
  • the present invention also takes advantage of the efficient energy conversion of multimode structures and enables multiple channels to perform simultaneous operations using the same gain medium.
  • Such compact, efficient, easy to assemble amplifiers are well suited to a variety of applications including, e.g., lower cost communication systems. While certain embodiments of the invention have been disclosed herein, the invention is not limited to these embodiments. Other fiber arrangements and configurations employing the MMI phenomenon are possible within the spirit of the current invention. Other embodiments are in the claims.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des amplificateurs optiques et des systèmes contenant ces amplificateurs, p. ex. des systèmes de communication.
PCT/US2002/018140 2001-06-07 2002-06-07 Amplificateur optique Ceased WO2002099472A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002310356A AU2002310356A1 (en) 2001-06-07 2002-06-07 Optical amplifier

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US29657601P 2001-06-07 2001-06-07
US60/296,576 2001-06-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002099472A2 true WO2002099472A2 (fr) 2002-12-12
WO2002099472A3 WO2002099472A3 (fr) 2003-12-04

Family

ID=23142622

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2002/018140 Ceased WO2002099472A2 (fr) 2001-06-07 2002-06-07 Amplificateur optique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2002310356A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002099472A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220205912A1 (en) * 2017-02-28 2022-06-30 The Regents Of The University Of California Optofluidic analyte detection systems using multi-mode interference waveguides

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5862288A (en) * 1997-04-21 1999-01-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Self-imaging waveguide devices for wavelength division multiplexing applications
EP0881511A2 (fr) * 1997-05-30 1998-12-02 TRW Inc. Séparateur actif multimode optique de signaux

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220205912A1 (en) * 2017-02-28 2022-06-30 The Regents Of The University Of California Optofluidic analyte detection systems using multi-mode interference waveguides
US12044623B2 (en) * 2017-02-28 2024-07-23 The Regents Of The University Of California Optofluidic analyte detection systems using multi-mode interference waveguides

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002310356A1 (en) 2002-12-16
WO2002099472A3 (fr) 2003-12-04

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