WO2002099195A1

WO2002099195A1 - Rail fastening device and fastening method

Info

Publication number: WO2002099195A1
Application number: PCT/KR2001/002229
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tae Soo Kwon; Sin Chu Yang; Eun Kim
Original assignee: Korea Railroad Research Institute KRRI
Current assignee: Korea Railroad Research Institute KRRI
Priority date: 2001-06-02
Filing date: 2001-12-21
Publication date: 2002-12-12
Anticipated expiration: 2003-12-02
Also published as: GB2391246B; GB2391246A; GB0327403D0; KR20020092132A

Abstract

Disclosed are rail fastening device and fastening method, which can save maintenance fees and provide an improved safety effect by using a double safety device without using screws. The rail fastening device according to the present invention occupies a small space for the fastening work, reduces the maintenance cost and has the improved safety effect, because the number of the used components is small by providing the shoulder and the fastening spring to embody the double safety device without adopting the screw fastening method. The rail fastening method according to the present invention has a high safety enven when accidents such as a bounce of the spring occur during the fastening work, is easy in the fastening work because of a spring pulling way, and has a little stress applied to the spring. Furthermore, the fastening work of the spring pulling way can minimize a release of the spring by the external force because the spring is firmly fastened by compression.

Description

RAIL FASTENING DEVICE AND FASTENING METHOD

Technical Field

The present invention relates to rail fastening device and fastening method, and more particularly to, rail fastening device and fastening method, which can save maintenance fees and provide an improved safety effect by using a double safety device without using screws .

Background Art

In general, a rail fastening device is to fasten right and left rails to a cross tie or other supporters, and serves to maintain a track gauge and transmit various loads and vibration, which are applied to a railway track by a vehicle when the vehicle travels, i.e., vertical force, lateral force and horizontally rail-directional force, to the cross tie, the road or the roadbed while resisting to the various loads and vibration.

The rail fastening device is largely classified into a PR-clip and an e-clip of British type, RN-type and nabla-type rail fastening devices of French type, and W-type and vossloh-type rail fastening devices of German type .

First, the British type rail fastening devices are shown in FIGS . 1 through 3. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the PR-clip and e-clip rail fastening devices are to fasten a rail 120 on a track pad at an end of a press spring 100 (also, called a "Pandrol clip") , which has a peculiar shape of a line spring, by pushing the press spring 100 to the cross tie or a track slab directly or pushing the press spring 100 between a supporter 110 mounted on a tie plate and an end portion of the bottom of the rail . The Pandrol type rail fastening device for a concrete cross-tie has a simple structure, that a line spring 200 is fastened to an anchor made of cast iron, and includes seven components, including a pad 210 and an insulator 220, per one rail. The pandrol clip can always obtain a uniform fastening force and considerably save energy by adopting a non-repair method, which does not require a retightening when the tightened state is loosed, because being designed to slightly exceed a yield point.

On the other hand, such rail fastening device has several difficulties in abrasion of materials, compensation due to deterioration, control to a change of rail types, compatibility, and so on. A fast clip is a fastening device developed next to the PR-clip and the e-clip rail fastening devices, and has several advantages that it reduces manufacturing, installation and maintenance costs and is convenient in use. As shown in FIG. 3, the fast clip uses a W-type spring 300, and has been attempted to increase life of components against fatigue and reduce manufacturing, track-mounting and maintenance costs .

Especially, the fast clip, which can be constructed in a complete mechanization, has various profits that all components can be preassembled to the cross tie and carried to an installation site and that the fast clip do not require disassembly and reassembly when it is set to a rod rail (as being disassembled and reassembled in the preassembled condition) .

However, the fastening device also has a disadvantage that it is decreased in safety because not having a double tilting prevention device.

Second, the French types are shown in FIGS . 4 and 5.

The French type had used a two block reinforced concrete cross tie and the RN-type rail fastening device, which is a double elastic rail fastening device to be fastened to the reinforced concrete cross tie. Recently, as the French^' type, the Nabla type rail fastening device shown in FIG. 5 has been developed and used.

The Nabla type rail fastening device can have a two- tage elasticity by a two point contact, that can provide the uniform fastening force and increase a upward spring coefficient, by making a thin plate spring 400 upwardly convex in a longitudinal direction of the rail, tightening the thin plate spring and pressing the central convex part to be contacted to an upper portion of a nylon clip.

However, in such fastening method, it is difficult to maintain the fastened condition due to the screw fastening because a head portion of a T-bolt 410 is fastened to an anchor buried in concrete and a nut 420 tightens the bolt on the plate spring 400.

Third, the German types are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. In Germany, a K-type rail fastening device had been used for a long time. Such rail fastening device adopts a fastening method that a tie plate is fastened on a wood cross tie and the rail is fastened through push metal means. After the K-type rail fastening device, the W-type rail fastening device, which is a real double elastic rail fastening device, has been used.

As shown in FIG. 6, the K-type rail fastening device uses a push spring 500 as a line spring. The line spring has a central part extends toward a rail bottom. The rail can be replaced with another because the line spring is separated from the rail if being pulled to the outside. At the time of fastening, the W-type rail fastening device has a two-stage elasticity by tightening the line spring to be contacted at two points. However, because also the K-type rail fastening device uses the screw fastening method, it is difficult to maintain the fastened condition.

The vossloh type rail fastening device is a model of a ling spring 600-screw 610 type, and is designed in consideration of each component, i.e., a line spring shape for resisting anomalous inclination, a method receiving a rail horizontal pressure, an insertion angle of a buried part, an interchangeable insertion angle of the buried part, an electrical insulation method, and so on. The vossloh type rail fastening device has a permanent and elastic fastening force and a high creep resistance, but also uses the screw fastening method.

Meanwhile, presently, in Korea, most people use the British type rail fastening device. As described above, in the British type rail fastening device, the number of components is small and it is easy to repair. However, it is difficult to control it and there is no double tilting prevention device, and thereby the rail fastening device may be frequently damaged and it is difficult to maintain and repair.

Furthermore, the French type and German type rail fastening devices require considerable time and manpower for maintenance and repair in inspecting the screw fastened state of the fastening devices mounted on the railroad, since using the screws.

Therefore, the fastening methods without using the screws are good in the maintenance and repair aspect, but require the double safety device when there is an excess load due to subsidence of ground or a gravel construction work. Furthermore, the other type fastening methods, which use the double tilting safety device, have an excellent safety effect, but have the problem that it is difficult to maintain the fastened condition due to using the screws. Therefore, it has been still required to develop a rail fastening device that the number of components is small, it is easy to control and maintain, and provides the double tilting prevention device as the safety device.

Disclosure of Invention

Accordingly, the present invention is directed to rail fastening device and fastening method that substantially obviates one or more problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.

It is an object of the present invention to provide rail fastening device and fastening method, which can reduce a maintenance fee and provide an improved safety effect.

To achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a rail fastening device including: shoulders, each shoulder having a fixing part projecting from an upper central part of a fixing frame, which is fastened on a cross tie, in a horizontal direction and side supporting jaws formed at both sides of the fixing part, the fixing part having an upper supporting jaw symmetrically formed on the fixing part; fastening springs, each fastening spring having end portions symmetrically formed in close vicinity to each other to be supported and fixed to an upper supporting jaw in a state that the fixing part of the shoulder is received into the fastening spring, curved portions extending from the end portions respectively and supported and fixed on the side supporting jaws, and a straight front portion curved for pressing and fastening a rail foot; and insulators located between the fastening spring and the rail foot.

In another aspect, to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rail fastening method including the steps of: symmetrically mounting and fixing shoulders at both sides of a rail foot; mounting insulators on both upper portions of the rail foot; inserting curved portions of each fastening spring to each fixing part of the shoulders in a reverse direction so that the fastening spring receives the fixing part of the shoulder; and applying the external force to the fastening springs, which are symmetrically received on the fixing parts of the shoulders so that end portions of each fastening spring are supported and fixed on an upper supporting jaw of the fixing part of the shoulder, supporting and fixing curved portions of the fastening spring on a side supporting jaw of the fixing part, and pressing and fastening the insulator and the rail foot by a front portion of the fastening spring.

The present invention can be changed, converted, replaced and substituted within a range of the business model, technical method and system and is not restricted in the above.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Further objects and advantages of the invention can be more fully understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a view showing a fastened status of a conventional PR-clip of an English type; FIG. 2 illustrates a view showing a fastened status of a conventional e-clip of the English type;

FIG. 3 illustrates a view showing a fastened status of a conventional fast clip of the English type; FIG. 4 illustrates a view showing a fastened status of a conventional RN type rail fastening device of a French type;

FIG. 5 illustrates a view showing a fastened status of a conventional Nabla type rail fastening device of the French type; FIG. 6 illustrates a view showing a fastened status of a conventional W-type rail fastening device of a German type; FIG. 7 illustrates a view showing a fastened status of a conventional Nabla type rail fastening device of the German type;

FIG. 8 illustrates an exploded perspective view of a rail fastening device according to the present invention; and

FIG. 9 illustrates a view showing a fastening process of the rail fastening device according to the present invention.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

The present invention will now be described in detail in connection with preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. For reference, like reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout several views .

FIG. 8 illustrates an exploded perspective view of a rail fastening device according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 illustrates a view of a fastening process for explaining a fastening method of the rail fastening device according to the present invention.

The rail fastening method according to the present invention is embodied through the fastening device including shoulders 10, each shoulder having a fixing part 11 and side supporting jaws 12, insulators 20 and fastening springs 30.

The rail fastening method includes a first ste (SI) of mounting and fixing the shoulders 10, a second step(S2) of mounting the insulators 20, a third step (S3) of inserting the fastening springs 30 to the fixing part 11 of each shoulder 10 in an reverse direction, and a fourth step(S4) of fastening the fastening springs 30 by applying external force. Here, as shown in FIG. 8, in the shoulders 10 symmetrically mounted and fixed on both sides of a rail foot 40 through the first step (SI), the fixing part 11 and the side supporting jaws 12 are formed on an upper surface of a rectangular fixing frame 13 fixed on a cross tie.

Each shoulder 10 is integrally formed in the form of a " ", and the fixing part 11 has a barrier 111 projecting in a horizontal direction at the center of the fixing frame 13 and an upper supporting jaw 112 formed at an upper portion of the barrier 111 and having an inner curved surface 113. Each side supporting jaw 12 projects in a vertical direction from a side of the fixing part 11, that is, a side distant from a rail, and has a side wall having a curved surface .

Moreover, the shoulder 10 has an inner surface corresponding to an upper surface of the rail foot 40, so that the shoulder 10 is in contact with the upper surface of the rail foot 30, which is in the form of a

The insulator 20 is mounted on the rail foot 40 through the second step(S2) . In the third step (S3), curved portions of the fastening spring 30 are inserted to the barrier 111 of the fixing part 11 of the shoulder 10 in a reverse direction, so that the fastening spring 30 receives the fixing part 11 of the shoulder 10. The fastening spring 30 used in the third step is formed by bending a spring rod.

As shown in FIG. 8, the fastening spring 30 has a front portion being in the form of a straight line, the curved portions 32 extending from the front portion and formed at the rear of the front portion, and both end portions 33 extending from the curved portions 32 upwardly and located in a prescribed interval from each other.

At this time, it is preferable that the both end portions 33 has a distance between the end portions 33 at least to the extent that the barrier 111 of the fixing part is inserted between the end portions 33. Preferably, the fastening spring 30 has a size to the extent that the fastening spring 30 is fastened to the upper supporting jaw 112 and the side supporting jaws 12 of the shoulder 10.

Finally, in the fourth step(S4) , the end portions 33 of the fastening spring 30 are supported and fastened on the upper supporting jaw 112 of the fixing part 11 of the shoulder 10 by applying the external force to the fastening spring 30 symmetrically inserted on the fixing part 11 of the shoulder 10, the curved portions 32 of the fastening spring 30 are supported and fastened on the side supporting jaws 12, and the front portion 31 of the fastening spring 30 presses and fixes the insulator 20 and the rail foot 40.

The reverse direction fastening method that the fastening spring 30 is inserted and pulled in an opposite direction of the conventional method can solve the various problems of the prior arts, and especially, has an excellent maintenance efficiency compared with the conventional fastening device adopting the screw fastening method.

That is, the present invention has not only a convenience and an easy maintenance and repair of the British type rail fastening device but also advantages of the double safety device provided to the German type rail fastening device. Therefore, the present invention can carry out a double tilting prevention function in emergency without adopting the screw fastening method.

Meanwhile, the elastic rail fastening device according to the present invention can be applied to not only the rail of the railroad but also various fields similar to the rail.

Industrial Applicability

As described above, the rail fastening device according to the present invention occupies a small space for the fastening work, reduces the maintenance cost and has the improved safety effect, because the number of the used components is small by providing the shoulder and the fastening spring to embody the double safety device without adopting the screw fastening method.

The fastening method according to the present invention has a high safety even when accidents such as a bounce of the spring occur during the fastening work, is easy in the fastening work because of a spring pulling way, and has a little stress applied to the spring.

Furthermore, the fastening work of the spring pulling way can minimize a release of the spring by the external force because the spring is firmly fastened by compression.

While the present invention has been described with reference to the particular illustrative embodiments, it is not to be restricted by the embodiments but only by the appended claims. It is to be appreciated that those skilled in the art can change or modify the embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

What Is Claimed Is:

1. A rail fastening device comprising: shoulders, each shoulder having a fixing part projecting from an upper central part of a fixing frame, which is fastened on a cross tie, in a horizontal direction and side supporting jaws formed at both sides of the fixing part, the fixing part having an upper supporting jaw symmetrically formed on the fixing part; fastening springs, each fastening spring having end portions symmetrically formed in close vicinity to each other to be supported and fixed to an upper supporting jaw in a state that the fixing part of the shoulder is received into the fastening spring, curved portions extending from the end portions respectively and supported and fixed on the side supporting jaws, and a straight front portion curved for pressing and fastening a rail foot; and insulators located between the fastening spring and the rail foot.

2. A rail fastening method comprising the steps of: symmetrically mounting and fixing shoulders at both sides of a rail foot; mounting insulators on both upper portions of the rail foot; inserting curved portions of each fastening spring to each fixing part of the shoulders in a reverse direction so that the fastening spring receives the fixing part of the shoulder; and applying the external force to the fastening springs, which are symmetrically received on the fixing parts of the shoulders so that end portions of each fastening spring are supported and fixed on an upper supporting jaw of the fixing part of the shoulder, supporting and fixing curved portions of the fastening spring on a side supporting jaw of the fixing part, and pressing and fastening the insulator and the rail foot by a front portion of the fastening spring.