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WO2002094554A1 - Nonwoven material - Google Patents

Nonwoven material Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002094554A1
WO2002094554A1 PCT/US2002/014672 US0214672W WO02094554A1 WO 2002094554 A1 WO2002094554 A1 WO 2002094554A1 US 0214672 W US0214672 W US 0214672W WO 02094554 A1 WO02094554 A1 WO 02094554A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fibers
nonwoven
axis
web
angle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2002/014672
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
David E. Wenstrup
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Milliken and Co
Original Assignee
Milliken and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Milliken and Co filed Critical Milliken and Co
Publication of WO2002094554A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002094554A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3707—Woven fabric including a nonwoven fabric layer other than paper
    • Y10T442/3724—Needled
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/637—Including strand or fiber material which is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/637—Including strand or fiber material which is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
    • Y10T442/641—Sheath-core multicomponent strand or fiber material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/682—Needled nonwoven fabric

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to nonwovens, and in particular, to nonwove ⁇ s that- are subsequently molded into an article, such as a headliner for automobiles.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a nonwoven material of the present invention.
  • the present invention generally relates to nonwoven materials which are formed of a blend of fibers needled together into an integral web for subsequent molding into component parts.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown an embodiment of the present invention illustrated as the nonwoven 10, formed of staple fibers 11.
  • the nonwoven 10 has a length direction x, a width direction y, and a thickness direction z.
  • the x direction is typically the machine direction
  • the y direction is typically the cross machine direction
  • the z direction is typically the thickness of the nonwoven 10.
  • the blend of fibers 11 forming the nonwoven 10 include synthetic polymeric fibers.
  • the fibers 11 forming the nonwoven 10 include a combination of low melt semi-crystalline polyester sheathed fibers and higher melting polyester fibers.
  • the low melt sheathed polyester fibers have a sheath melting .point of from about 130°C to about 165°C.
  • the fibers 11 are typically from about 1 to about 20 denier per filament (DPF), and in one embodiment, the fibers are from about 3 to about 18 DPF. Staple length of the fibers 11 is typically from about 1 to about 4 inches in length, and in one embodiment, are from about 1.5 to about 3.0 inches in length.
  • the combination of fibers 11 are blended in a card, and layered as a web on a belt by a cross lapper.
  • the web of blended polyester fibers 11 is needled at an angle from the z direction of the web in the x-z plane, to lock the fibers 11 together into the integral batting of the nonwoven 10.
  • the web can be needled at an angle of from about 30° to about 60° from the z-axis. In one embodiment, the web is needled at about a 45° angle to the z-axis.
  • the angled needling is usually done in addition to the standard needling, performed parallel to the z axis.
  • the nonwoven 10 By needling the web at an angle from the z-axis in the x-z plane, the nonwoven 10 obtains a greater rigidity to resist sagging in the z axis along the x direction of the nonwoven 10 over webs having a comparable fiber content. It has also been discovered that the use of diagonal needling can allow a reduction in the overall amount of polyester fibers necessary for the same strength nonwoven web, and correspondingly for the same strength molded component part.
  • Component parts formed from the nonwoven 10 can be molded into a desired shape by applying temperature and pressure to the component part.
  • the temperature and pressure of the molding process causes the low melt sheath of the low melt sheath fibers to melt and fuse with the high melt fibers and the other low melt sheath fibers.
  • a component part that has been molded from the nonwoven 10 with the angled needling of the present invention can obtain an increased rigidity that resists sagging of the nonwoven 10 in the z axis along the x direction on the order of about 25%.
  • the nonwoven 10 formed into the component part of an automotive headliner can be rotated to about a 90° angle around the z axis, allowing the x-axis to run essentially across the car, rather than fore-aft.
  • This angled rotation of the nonwoven 10 can improve manufacturing of component parts by facilitating nesting of the component parts in the nonwoven 10 in a manner that takes advantage of the increased rigidity of the nonwoven 10 in the x direction.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

A nonwoven material which is formed of a blend of fibers diagonally needled together into an integral web for subsequent molded component parts.

Description

NONWOVEN MATERIAL
Background
The present invention generally relates to nonwovens, and in particular, to nonwoveηs that- are subsequently molded into an article, such as a headliner for automobiles.
Current processes for forming nonwovens with rigidity for subsequent articles, such as automobile headliners, uses fiberglass to get the necessary rigidity for the construction. However, the use of fiberglass requires special handling requirements. Therefore, there is a need for nonwoven materials which can eliminate fiberglass and provide the necessary construction rigidity for applications such as automotive headliners. In the past elimination of the fiberglass resulted in an increase of the nonwoven weight and raw material cost. Thus a need remains for nonwoven materials having high rigidity, reduced weight and raw materials, and the elimination of special handling requirements.
Brief Description Of The Drawings
For a more complete understanding of the present invention, reference should be made to the following drawings in conjunction with the detailed description below: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a nonwoven material of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention generally relates to nonwoven materials which are formed of a blend of fibers needled together into an integral web for subsequent molding into component parts. Referring now to the figures, and in particular to FIG. 1 there is shown an embodiment of the present invention illustrated as the nonwoven 10, formed of staple fibers 11. The nonwoven 10 has a length direction x, a width direction y, and a thickness direction z. The x direction is typically the machine direction, the y direction is typically the cross machine direction, and the z direction is typically the thickness of the nonwoven 10. It is preferred that the blend of fibers 11 forming the nonwoven 10 include synthetic polymeric fibers. In one embodiment, the fibers 11 forming the nonwoven 10 include a combination of low melt semi-crystalline polyester sheathed fibers and higher melting polyester fibers. The low melt sheathed polyester fibers have a sheath melting .point of from about 130°C to about 165°C. The fibers 11 are typically from about 1 to about 20 denier per filament (DPF), and in one embodiment, the fibers are from about 3 to about 18 DPF. Staple length of the fibers 11 is typically from about 1 to about 4 inches in length, and in one embodiment, are from about 1.5 to about 3.0 inches in length. In one embodiment of forming the present invention, the combination of fibers 11 are blended in a card, and layered as a web on a belt by a cross lapper. Once layered on the belt, the web of blended polyester fibers 11 is needled at an angle from the z direction of the web in the x-z plane, to lock the fibers 11 together into the integral batting of the nonwoven 10. The web can be needled at an angle of from about 30° to about 60° from the z-axis. In one embodiment, the web is needled at about a 45° angle to the z-axis. The angled needling is usually done in addition to the standard needling, performed parallel to the z axis. By needling the web at an angle from the z-axis in the x-z plane, the nonwoven 10 obtains a greater rigidity to resist sagging in the z axis along the x direction of the nonwoven 10 over webs having a comparable fiber content. It has also been discovered that the use of diagonal needling can allow a reduction in the overall amount of polyester fibers necessary for the same strength nonwoven web, and correspondingly for the same strength molded component part.
Component parts formed from the nonwoven 10 can be molded into a desired shape by applying temperature and pressure to the component part. The temperature and pressure of the molding process causes the low melt sheath of the low melt sheath fibers to melt and fuse with the high melt fibers and the other low melt sheath fibers. An unexpected result of the present invention, is that an increase in the strength of the nonwoven component part due to angled needling, actually resulted in a greater percentage increase in strength of the molded part than was noticed in the pre-molded nonwoven component part. Molded parts formed from the nonwoven 10 with the angled needing experience an increased rigidity, giving an increase resistance to sagging. A component part that has been molded from the nonwoven 10 with the angled needling of the present invention, such as an automotive headliner, can obtain an increased rigidity that resists sagging of the nonwoven 10 in the z axis along the x direction on the order of about 25%. Additionally, the nonwoven 10 formed into the component part of an automotive headliner can be rotated to about a 90° angle around the z axis, allowing the x-axis to run essentially across the car, rather than fore-aft. This angled rotation of the nonwoven 10 can improve manufacturing of component parts by facilitating nesting of the component parts in the nonwoven 10 in a manner that takes advantage of the increased rigidity of the nonwoven 10 in the x direction.

Claims

1. A nonwoven formed from a plurality of fibers needled into an integral web having an x-axis, an y-axis, and an z-axis, wherein said fibers are needled at an angle from the z axis in the x-z plane, and wherein the fibers forming said nonwoven include low melt semi-crystalline polyester sheath fibers and higher melt polyester fibers.
2. The nonwoven according to Claim 1 , wherein the angle that the fibers are needled is from about 30° to about 60° from the z-axis.
3. The nonwoven according to Claim 1 , wherein the angle that the fibers are needled is about 45° from the z-axis.
4. The nonwoven according to Claim 1 , wherein the fibers forming said nonwoven comprise synthetic polymeric fibers.
5. The nonwoven according to Claim 6, wherein the sheath of the low melt semi- crystalline polyester sheath fibers has a melting point of from a bout 130°C to about 165°C.
6. The nonwoven according to Claim 1 , wherein the fibers forming the nonwoven comprise fibers having a denier per filament of from about 1 to about 20.
7. The nonwoven according to Claim 1 , wherein the fibers forming the nonwoven comprise fibers having a denier per filament of from about 3 to about 18.
8. The nonwoven according to Claim 1 , wherein the fibers forming the nonwoven comprise fibers having a staple length of from about 1 inches to about 4 inches.
9. The nonwoven according to Claim 1 , wherein the fibers forming the nonwoven comprise fibers having a staple length of from about 1.5 inches to about 3.0 inches.
10. The nonwoven according to Claim 1 , wherein the fibers forming the nonwoven are also needled parallel to the z axis.
11. A method of forming a nonwoven comprising the steps of: blending a plurality of core/sheath fibers with a plurality of matrix fibers; layering a web of the blended fibers into a planar shape having an x-axis, an y-axis, and an z-axis; needling the web of fibers at an angle to the z-axis in the x-z plane such that an integral mat is formed.
12. The method according to Claim 11 , wherein the step of needling the web of fibers at an angle includes the angle being from about 30° to about 60° from the z- axis in the x-z plane.
13. The method according to Claim 11 , wherein the step of needling the web of fibers at an angle includes the angle being about 45° from the z-axis in the x-z plane.
14. The method according to Claim 11 , wherein the step of needling the web of fibers includes also needling the fibers substantially parallel to the z axis of the web.
15. The method according to Claim 11 , wherein the sheath of the core/sheath fibers comprise a low melt semi-crystalline polyester.
16. The method according to Claim 15, further including the step of molding the needled web of fibers into a molded component part with the application of heat and pressure.
PCT/US2002/014672 2001-05-18 2002-05-09 Nonwoven material Ceased WO2002094554A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/860,975 US20020173212A1 (en) 2001-05-18 2001-05-18 Nonwoven material
US09/860,975 2001-05-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002094554A1 true WO2002094554A1 (en) 2002-11-28

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PCT/US2002/014672 Ceased WO2002094554A1 (en) 2001-05-18 2002-05-09 Nonwoven material

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US (2) US20020173212A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002094554A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019206535A1 (en) * 2018-04-27 2019-10-31 Johann Borgers GmbH Nonwoven molded article

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MX338805B (en) * 2007-09-28 2016-05-02 Lydall Inc A molded and shaped acoustical insulating vehicle panel and method of making the same.

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4840832A (en) * 1987-06-23 1989-06-20 Collins & Aikman Corporation Molded automobile headliner
US5591289A (en) * 1995-06-29 1997-01-07 Davidson Textron Inc. Method of making a fibrous headliner by compression molding
US6048809A (en) * 1997-06-03 2000-04-11 Lear Automotive Dearborn, Inc. Vehicle headliner formed of polyester fibers

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT400043B (en) * 1994-03-23 1995-09-25 Fehrer Ernst DEVICE FOR NEEDING A FLEECE
US6156682A (en) * 1998-09-18 2000-12-05 Findlay Industries, Inc. Laminated structures with multiple denier polyester core fibers, randomly oriented reinforcement fibers, and methods of manufacture

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4840832A (en) * 1987-06-23 1989-06-20 Collins & Aikman Corporation Molded automobile headliner
US5591289A (en) * 1995-06-29 1997-01-07 Davidson Textron Inc. Method of making a fibrous headliner by compression molding
US6048809A (en) * 1997-06-03 2000-04-11 Lear Automotive Dearborn, Inc. Vehicle headliner formed of polyester fibers

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019206535A1 (en) * 2018-04-27 2019-10-31 Johann Borgers GmbH Nonwoven molded article

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20020173212A1 (en) 2002-11-21
US20040087236A1 (en) 2004-05-06

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