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WO2002084183A1 - Dispositif de commande de collecteurs solaires - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande de collecteurs solaires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002084183A1
WO2002084183A1 PCT/AT2002/000111 AT0200111W WO02084183A1 WO 2002084183 A1 WO2002084183 A1 WO 2002084183A1 AT 0200111 W AT0200111 W AT 0200111W WO 02084183 A1 WO02084183 A1 WO 02084183A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
elements
light guide
guide elements
light
designed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AT2002/000111
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jolanta Mekal
Krzysztof Mekal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2002084183A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002084183A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
    • F24S30/425—Horizontal axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
    • F24S40/50—Preventing overheating or overpressure
    • F24S40/52—Preventing overheating or overpressure by modifying the heat collection, e.g. by defocusing or by changing the position of heat-receiving elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2025/01—Special support components; Methods of use
    • F24S2025/011—Arrangements for mounting elements inside solar collectors; Spacers inside solar collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2030/10—Special components
    • F24S2030/13—Transmissions
    • F24S2030/133—Transmissions in the form of flexible elements, e.g. belts, chains, ropes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for controlling solar collectors with pivotable light guide elements and with an actuating device for driving the light guide elements.
  • Solar collectors are usually fixed in a stationary position, so that the angle of incidence of the sunlight changes during the day and as the seasons change. Simple solar collectors without moving components therefore have the disadvantage that optimal operation is only guaranteed when the sun is in the right position, i.e. at certain times.
  • solar collectors have been developed which have movable elements, such as lamellae or mirrors, in order to be able to adapt the lighting of collector surfaces or collector tubes to the respective position of the sun.
  • movable elements such as lamellae or mirrors
  • the electric motors are controlled via a control device which takes into account the direction of the light incidence via corresponding sensors, such as photovoltaic elements.
  • the actuating device and the control device of such known collectors is complex and prone to errors. This is a considerable disadvantage since such collectors are usually attached to roofs and are therefore naturally difficult to access.
  • the object of the present invention is to develop a device of the type mentioned above in such a way that the structure is simplified as much as possible and that in particular an electronic control can be dispensed with.
  • the actuating device has at least two expansion elements which are exposed to the sun radiation depending on the position of the actuating device and which cause a movement of the light-guiding elements by changing the length.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is to get by without external energy and to use the force to adjust the light-guiding elements from the temperature-related change in length of expansion elements.
  • the present invention can in principle be used both for photovoltaic solar collectors and for thermal solar collectors which are used for the production of hot water.
  • the device according to the invention can also be used in combination nated collectors are used, as shown in the exemplary embodiments.
  • the expansion elements are designed as parallel bands.
  • the accuracy and the response behavior can be increased in particular in that the actuating device has a cylindrical parabolic mirror that directs sunlight onto the expansion elements.
  • the parabolic mirror is arranged pivotably and has a plane of symmetry which contains the pivot axis and in the area of which the expansion elements are arranged. In this way it is achieved that the device always adjusts itself automatically so that the incidence of light takes place parallel to the plane of symmetry, whereby a particularly simple adjustment of the system is possible.
  • a mechanically reliable and structurally simple design is characterized in that the expansion elements are connected to a fixed deflection by means of ropes.
  • a first particularly preferred embodiment variant of the invention provides that the light-guiding elements are designed as pivotable slats, which are designed to reflect sunlight on absorber surfaces. In this way it can be achieved that the absorber surface is approximately vertically irradiated in a very wide range of the angle of incidence of sunlight.
  • the light-guiding elements are designed as parabolic mirrors, which are designed to reflect sunlight on collector tubes. In this way, high irradiation intensities can be achieved, so that the photovoltaic cells can be optimally used and high water temperatures can be achieved even in weak sunlight.
  • Overheating of the collector can be effectively achieved by providing a temperature limiting device, which preferably has a bimetal lever.
  • the device which can also be referred to as a light tracker, consists mainly of two bands arranged in parallel, which at one end of the rotatable support tube are fixed by a spring and at the other end over the ropes and rollers.
  • the tapes are made of plastic or metal, with the irradiated surfaces matt and blackened and the inward surfaces smooth (mirrored) to suppress the radiant heat exchange between them.
  • the ropes are guided in the rolls in the direction of the axis of rotation and wound over the carrier pin. The location and inclination of the axis is not relevant as long as it does not run perpendicular to the double longitudinal axis.
  • a solar collector with the above-mentioned light tracker directs the incident light at any time in a direction almost perpendicular to the absorber by means of light-guiding slats.
  • the solar collector with an absorber made of narrow strips / tubes the light is focused on the heat absorber or photovoltaic strips by means of movable, elongated parabolic mirrors.
  • a bimetal lever turns the reflectors so that the light is directed away from the absorber.
  • the control of the light control is carried out by maintenance-free light trackers and bimetallic levers located in the collector housing.
  • the optimization of the controlled parabolic mirrors can be done by the additional use of the steering slats. Because the optimal angular range of the steerable parabolic mirrors is smaller than that of the steering slats, the seasonally dependent light incidence angle (height) is corrected by the controlled horizontal parabolic mirrors and the time of day dependent angle (azimuth) by the controlled vertical slats.
  • the slats with the bimetal lever also take on the role of overheating protection. Since all movable elements are located within the collector housing and the control does not require external energy or external components, long maintenance-free operating periods can be expected.
  • Figure 1 shows a device according to the invention schematically in an axonometric representation.
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of the device of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a section along line III-III in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a section along line IV-IV in Fig. 2;
  • FIG. 7 is schematic representations which explain a further embodiment variant as shown in FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 11 is schematic representations which explain a further embodiment variant, as shown in FIG. 14.
  • the device according to the invention or the light tracker is shown in overview in FIG. 1 and is designated as a whole by 1 in FIGS. 5, 10 and 14.
  • the device 1 has two belts 2 arranged parallel to one another, which are fastened to one end of a rotatable support tube 22 by a spring 23 and at the other end via cables 24 and rollers 25.
  • the bands 2 are made of plastic or metal, the irradiated surfaces being matt and blackened and the inward surfaces being smooth or mirrored in order to suppress the radiant heat exchange between them.
  • the ropes 24 are guided over the rollers 25 to a fixed deflection on the support pin 27 on which the support tube 22 is rotatably mounted.
  • the location and inclination of the axis of rotation 26 is of subordinate importance, it may only not run perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bands 2.
  • the light tracker 1 thus rotates in the direction of the light source until the strips 2 are irradiated or heated to approximately the same extent. Because the difference in length of the strips is very small in a position close to the symmetry, an elongated parabolic mirror 4 is attached to the support tube 22, the focal line 28 of which lies outside the surface of the strips 2.
  • the parabolic mirror 4 reflects the radiation onto only one band 2 and thus reinforces the effect of the light tracker 1.
  • a control disk 12 is fixedly connected to the carrier tube 22, via which a control cable 10 is guided in order to control the light-guiding elements.
  • Control springs 11 serve to compensate for any changes in length and to keep the tension of the control cable 10 in a desired range.
  • the mode of operation of the parabolic mirror 4 is explained in more detail in FIG. 3. If, as shown in the left half of FIG. 2, the light rays 34 are incident parallel to the axis of symmetry 3, then they are reflected towards a focal point 28 of the parabolic mirror 4 and do not strike the bands 2. If, on the other hand, the light rays 34 are in one direction that are inclined, even if only slightly, with respect to the plane of symmetry 3, hit their reflected rays on the band 2 in question and heat it up. It is immediately apparent from this figure that even the smallest changes in the angle of incidence can cause considerable temperature differences between the bands 2, so that the device according to the invention has an extremely fine response behavior.
  • the radius 31 of the control disk 12 essentially determines the transmission ratio with which the device actuates the light guide elements.
  • pivotable slats 8 are provided as light-guiding elements and are actuated by the device described above.
  • the light beams 34 are deflected by a suitable choice of the angle of attack 9 such that they strike an absorber surface 7 approximately perpendicularly.
  • the absorber 7 can be an absorber through which a suitable medium flows in order to heat it, or an arrangement of photovoltaic elements or a combination of these two.
  • FIG. 6 shows the connection of the device 1 according to the invention via the control cables 10 to the slats 8, which are fastened to a collector housing via slat fastening anchors 21.
  • a bimetallic lever 19 is provided, which acts on the slats 8 via a further cable 20.
  • the function of the bimetal lever 19 is to prevent excessive heating of the collector. Above a certain temperature limit, the bimetallic lever 19 deforms such that the additional rope 20 is tensioned and the slats 8 are rotated from their optimal position. As a result, the heat absorption is significantly reduced and overheating can be reliably avoided.
  • a series of parabolic mirrors 14 is arranged to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction.
  • the parabolic mirrors 14 are shifted by the device 1.
  • the transmission ratio is selected such that the light beams are directed onto the collector tubes 13 or the photovoltaic strips 16 attached to them.
  • 7, 8 and 9 the mode of action of the displacement of the parabolic mirror element 32, which is composed of the individual parabolic mirrors 14, is explained.
  • 15 is the focal point of the individual parabolic mirrors 14.
  • the embodiment variant of FIG. 14 differs from that of FIG. 10 in that the parabolic mirrors 14 are arranged pivotably.
  • Control ropes 30 extending the control ropes 10 have the effect that the angle of attack of the parabolic mirror 14 is identical.
  • the pivot axis 29 of the parabolic mirror 14 is provided on collector tubes 13, it being apparent from FIGS. 11 to 13 that the light beams 34 are always directed onto the next collector tube 13 or the photovoltaic strips 16 attached thereon by means of a suitable pivoting movement.
  • collector tubes 13 are fastened to collectors 17 which have connections 18 in order to discharge the heated medium.
  • the housing of the collector is denoted by 5 and the transparent cover by 6.
  • the bimetallic lever 19 serves, as described above, to bring about an adjustment of the parabolic mirror 14 from the optimal position in the event of overheating, so that the collector can cool down.
  • the present invention makes it possible to achieve optimum efficiencies with the simplest construction and, in particular, to do without external energy supply and the need for electronic control devices.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Mounting And Adjusting Of Optical Elements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de commande de collecteurs solaires comportant des éléments de guidage de lumière (8, 14) mobiles et un dispositif d'actionnement permettant d'entraîner les éléments de guidage de lumière (8, 14). Pour obtenir une construction particulièrement simple, le dispositif d'actionnement présente au moins deux éléments expansibles (2) qui sont exposés aux rayons solaires en fonction de la position du dispositif d'actionnement et qui, par variation de leur longueur, provoquent un déplacement des éléments de guidage de lumière (8, 14).
PCT/AT2002/000111 2001-04-11 2002-04-11 Dispositif de commande de collecteurs solaires Ceased WO2002084183A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATGM281/2001 2001-04-11
AT0028101U AT5310U1 (de) 2001-04-11 2001-04-11 Lichtlenkungseinrichtung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002084183A1 true WO2002084183A1 (fr) 2002-10-24

Family

ID=3486353

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT2002/000111 Ceased WO2002084183A1 (fr) 2001-04-11 2002-04-11 Dispositif de commande de collecteurs solaires

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AT (1) AT5310U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002084183A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1447561A1 (fr) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-18 Mono Pumps Limited Assemblage de pompe entrainée par l'energie solaire
FR2950955A1 (fr) * 2009-10-06 2011-04-08 Solar Performance Et Dev Dispositif de concentration de radiations solaires
EP2017552A3 (fr) * 2007-07-19 2012-07-25 Robert Bosch GmbH Collecteur solaire et dispositif de limitation de température dans un collecteur solaire
WO2013101696A3 (fr) * 2011-12-29 2013-08-29 Sulas Industries Suiveur solaire pour dispositifs à énergie solaire

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2455313A1 (fr) * 1979-04-27 1980-11-21 Perrier Jean Dispositif d'immobilisation de l'image d'une source radiative mobile et de pointe automatique d'instruments relativement a cette source
US4304221A (en) * 1975-07-11 1981-12-08 Vulcan Australia Limited Solar tracking device
US4309984A (en) * 1979-12-10 1982-01-12 Canadian Sun Systems Ltd. Solar energy collection system
FR2531520A1 (fr) * 1982-08-04 1984-02-10 Sacre Louis Capteur solaire orientable
WO1992011496A1 (fr) * 1990-12-18 1992-07-09 Hans Ackeret Dispositif d'orientation de collecteurs solaires

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4304221A (en) * 1975-07-11 1981-12-08 Vulcan Australia Limited Solar tracking device
FR2455313A1 (fr) * 1979-04-27 1980-11-21 Perrier Jean Dispositif d'immobilisation de l'image d'une source radiative mobile et de pointe automatique d'instruments relativement a cette source
US4309984A (en) * 1979-12-10 1982-01-12 Canadian Sun Systems Ltd. Solar energy collection system
FR2531520A1 (fr) * 1982-08-04 1984-02-10 Sacre Louis Capteur solaire orientable
WO1992011496A1 (fr) * 1990-12-18 1992-07-09 Hans Ackeret Dispositif d'orientation de collecteurs solaires

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1447561A1 (fr) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-18 Mono Pumps Limited Assemblage de pompe entrainée par l'energie solaire
EP2017552A3 (fr) * 2007-07-19 2012-07-25 Robert Bosch GmbH Collecteur solaire et dispositif de limitation de température dans un collecteur solaire
FR2950955A1 (fr) * 2009-10-06 2011-04-08 Solar Performance Et Dev Dispositif de concentration de radiations solaires
WO2011042656A1 (fr) * 2009-10-06 2011-04-14 Solar Performance Et Developpement Dispositif de concentration de radiations solaires
US9383121B2 (en) 2009-10-06 2016-07-05 Solar Performance Et Developpement Device for concentrating solar radiation
WO2013101696A3 (fr) * 2011-12-29 2013-08-29 Sulas Industries Suiveur solaire pour dispositifs à énergie solaire
US8763601B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2014-07-01 Sulas Industries, Inc. Solar tracker for solar energy devices

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT5310U1 (de) 2002-05-27

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