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WO2002075012A1 - Application of coating - Google Patents

Application of coating Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002075012A1
WO2002075012A1 PCT/AU2002/000323 AU0200323W WO02075012A1 WO 2002075012 A1 WO2002075012 A1 WO 2002075012A1 AU 0200323 W AU0200323 W AU 0200323W WO 02075012 A1 WO02075012 A1 WO 02075012A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coating
layer
copper
application
applying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AU2002/000323
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ross Mcneil
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WELDTRONICS Ltd
Original Assignee
WELDTRONICS Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WELDTRONICS Ltd filed Critical WELDTRONICS Ltd
Priority to AU2002242467A priority Critical patent/AU2002242467B2/en
Publication of WO2002075012A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002075012A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
    • B23K35/004—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces at least one of the workpieces being of a metal of the iron group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
    • B23K35/005—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces at least one of the workpieces being of a refractory metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • C23C26/02—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00 applying molten material to the substrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/34—Coated articles, e.g. plated or painted; Surface treated articles

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the application of a titanium-based alloy to a ferrous substrate for the purposes of providing a protective coating.
  • the invention resides in a method of applying a coating formed predominantly of titanium to the surface of a ferrous substrate comprising the thermal application of a layer of copper and/or a copper alloy to the surface and subsequently thermally applying a layer of the coating to the surface of the layer of copper, wherein the application of the layer comprises applying molten copper to the surface whereby the degree of diffusion of iron into the layer is no greater than 3% prior to the application of the coating.
  • the application of the coating is effected by a sequential application of a plurality of layers of coating over the layer of copper.
  • the copper comprises oxygen free copper.
  • the application of molten copper to the surface comprises application of molten copper droplets onto the surface.
  • the application of molten copper to the surface comprises a brazing/welding process.
  • the depth of the fusion interface between the surface and the layer is between 1 to 3mm.
  • the invention also resides in an article formed of a ferrous material having a surface coated with a coating formed predominantly of titanium where the coating has been applied to the surface by the method described above.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic sectional illustration of a surface which has been coated according to the first embodiment.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic sectional illustration of a surface which has been coated according to the third embodiment.
  • the first embodiment has application to a process for application of a protective coating to a welded zone interconnecting two components where each of the components are provided with a wall 11 and 13 formed of a suitable steel alloy to effect containment.
  • the walls of each of the components are interconnected by a weld 15.
  • Each of the walls provide a containment surface 17 and 19 respectively, which is provided with a protective coating 21 and 23 respectively, formed of titanium or a suitable titanium-based alloy.
  • the titanium coating 21 and 23 on each component must be excised from the area adjacent to the weld. Subsequent to the completion of the weld 15, the area between the coatings 21 and 23 above the weld 15 must be recoated.
  • the method according to the embodiment comprises application of a layer 25 of copper over the portions of the surfaces 17 and 19 which are free of the titanium coatings 21 and 23 and above the weld 15.
  • the application of the layer 25 of copper is effected by a welding technique which involves the application of molten copper to the surface which results in the fusion interface of the surface and the layer being relatively thin and of the order of 1 to 3mm.
  • the extent of thermal interaction of the steel layer is limited.
  • the diffusion of iron into the copper is maintained at less than 3%.
  • This process is achieved by use of a "spray TIG" welding head whereby the copper is rendered into a molten form at the nozzle of the welding head and the molten metal is applied onto the surface.
  • the copper which is used to form the copper layer comprises oxygen-free copper. Only one layer of copper is applied to the surface. Subsequent to the application of a copper layer 25, a first titanium layer 27 which is formed of titanium-based alloy is applied over the copper layer 25. This is effected by conventional welding techniques which are used in the application of titanium alloys. On the completion of the first layer 27 of titanium which completely covers the excised area above the copper layer 25, a second titanium layer 29 is applied by the technique which was used in relation to the first titanium layer 27. On completion of the second titanium layer 29 a third titanium layer 31 is similarly applied over the excised portion. The application of titanium layers is repeated until the excised area between the coatings 21 and 23 on each of the components 11 and 3 above the weld 15 has been filled.
  • the surface to be coated comprises the entire surface of an article which can include the internal surface of a pipe and the process of the second embodiment comprises coating the entire containment surface of the article in accordance with the procedure described in relation to the first embodiment. This involves the application of a first layer of copper over the surface and then the application subsequent layers of titanium over the surface as described in relation to the first embodiment.
  • the surface 17 to be coated comprises the repair of a damaged area of a coated surface of an article such as the interior of a containment vessel where the titanium coating 21 has been destroyed or has deteriorated and requires repair.
  • the process of the third embodiment comprises coating the damaged area of the surface of the article in accordance with the procedure described in relation to the first embodiment. This involves the application of a first layer 25 of copper over the damaged area of the surface and then the application subsequent layers 27, 29 and 31 of titanium over the surface as described in relation to the first embodiment.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

A method of applying a coating formed predominantly of titanium to the surface of a ferrous substrate comprising the thermal application of a layer of copper and/or a copper alloy to the surface and subsequently thermally applying a layer of the coating to the surface of the layer of copper, wherein the application of the layer comprises applying molten copper to the surface whereby the degree of diffusion of iron into the layer is no greater than 3%.

Description

"Application of Coating"
Field of the Invention
This invention relates to the application of a titanium-based alloy to a ferrous substrate for the purposes of providing a protective coating.
Background
In many instances it is necessary to apply a protective coating to the surface of a ferrous substrate in order to provide protection to that surface. This is particularly the case in the case of process vessels and lines which are used in mineral processing. Furthermore, instances occur when it becomes necessary to connect a titanium-coated surface to another titanium-coated surface (such as in the interconnection of flow lines) whereby such connection requires the excising of the titanium coating from the surface adjacent to the edges to be welded prior to welding the surfaces together. Subsequent to the welding of the edges the excised zone surrounding the weld must be recoated with the titanium coating. Unfortunately titanium does not readily bond to surfaces which are formed predominantly of a steel alloy, as a result the application of the titanium coating requires the utilisation of specialised techniques which include roll bonding or explosive bonding processes. Conventional welding techniques are generally not appropriate in the application of a titanium coating to a ferrous substrate.
In the past when it has become necessary to weld two surfaces together in a manner described above, the coating of the zone in the region of the weld by a titanium coating is effected by the overlying the zone with a copper billet which substantially fills the space above the weld and then the application of a titanium coating between the opposed edges of the current coating and the overlying copper billet. Unfortunately this form of coating can often prove to be unsatisfactory and will readily break down.
The preceding discussion of the background to the invention is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the present invention. It should be appreciated that the discussion is not an acknowledgement or admission that any of the material referred to was part of the common general knowledge in Australia as at the priority date of the application.
Disclosure of the Invention
Accordingly the invention resides in a method of applying a coating formed predominantly of titanium to the surface of a ferrous substrate comprising the thermal application of a layer of copper and/or a copper alloy to the surface and subsequently thermally applying a layer of the coating to the surface of the layer of copper, wherein the application of the layer comprises applying molten copper to the surface whereby the degree of diffusion of iron into the layer is no greater than 3% prior to the application of the coating.
According to a preferred feature of the invention the application of the coating is effected by a sequential application of a plurality of layers of coating over the layer of copper.
According to a preferred feature of the invention the copper comprises oxygen free copper.
According to a preferred feature of the invention the application of molten copper to the surface comprises application of molten copper droplets onto the surface.
According to a preferred feature of the invention the application of molten copper to the surface comprises a brazing/welding process.
According to a preferred feature of the invention the depth of the fusion interface between the surface and the layer is between 1 to 3mm.
According to a preferred feature of the invention only one layer is applied to the surface. Accordingly the invention also resides in an article formed of a ferrous material having a surface coated with a coating formed predominantly of titanium where the coating has been applied to the surface by the method described above.
The invention will be more fully understood in the light of the following description of several specific embodiments.
Brief Description of the Drawings
The description is made with reference to the accompanying drawing of which:
Figure 1 is a schematic sectional illustration of a surface which has been coated according to the first embodiment; and
Figure 2 is a schematic sectional illustration of a surface which has been coated according to the third embodiment.
Detailed Description of Specific Embodiments
The first embodiment has application to a process for application of a protective coating to a welded zone interconnecting two components where each of the components are provided with a wall 11 and 13 formed of a suitable steel alloy to effect containment. The walls of each of the components are interconnected by a weld 15. Each of the walls provide a containment surface 17 and 19 respectively, which is provided with a protective coating 21 and 23 respectively, formed of titanium or a suitable titanium-based alloy. In order to effect the weld 15 between each of the components 11 and 13, the titanium coating 21 and 23 on each component must be excised from the area adjacent to the weld. Subsequent to the completion of the weld 15, the area between the coatings 21 and 23 above the weld 15 must be recoated.
The method according to the embodiment comprises application of a layer 25 of copper over the portions of the surfaces 17 and 19 which are free of the titanium coatings 21 and 23 and above the weld 15. The application of the layer 25 of copper is effected by a welding technique which involves the application of molten copper to the surface which results in the fusion interface of the surface and the layer being relatively thin and of the order of 1 to 3mm. In addition the extent of thermal interaction of the steel layer is limited. As a result the diffusion of iron into the copper is maintained at less than 3%. This process is achieved by use of a "spray TIG" welding head whereby the copper is rendered into a molten form at the nozzle of the welding head and the molten metal is applied onto the surface. The copper which is used to form the copper layer comprises oxygen-free copper. Only one layer of copper is applied to the surface. Subsequent to the application of a copper layer 25, a first titanium layer 27 which is formed of titanium-based alloy is applied over the copper layer 25. This is effected by conventional welding techniques which are used in the application of titanium alloys. On the completion of the first layer 27 of titanium which completely covers the excised area above the copper layer 25, a second titanium layer 29 is applied by the technique which was used in relation to the first titanium layer 27. On completion of the second titanium layer 29 a third titanium layer 31 is similarly applied over the excised portion. The application of titanium layers is repeated until the excised area between the coatings 21 and 23 on each of the components 11 and 3 above the weld 15 has been filled.
As a result of metallurgical testing it has been found that the coating of a test piece which was coated according to the embodiment as described above provided good fusion between the copper layer and the steel, excellent wetting and bonding of the copper to the steel substrate with minimal (ie 3% or less) of iron content or iron diffusion into the copper layer. In relation to each of the layers of titanium, there was found in the first layer a copper / titanium matrix which was metallurgically stable, some diffusion of the copper into second layer of titanium was also evident , the subsequent layers were uncontaminated by the copper, and reflected the purity of the titanium clad material.
According to a second embodiment of the invention the surface to be coated comprises the entire surface of an article which can include the internal surface of a pipe and the process of the second embodiment comprises coating the entire containment surface of the article in accordance with the procedure described in relation to the first embodiment. This involves the application of a first layer of copper over the surface and then the application subsequent layers of titanium over the surface as described in relation to the first embodiment.
According to a third embodiment of the invention and as shown at Figure 2 (the same reference numerals have been used in Figure 2 for corresponding components in Figure 1 in reaction to the first embodiment) the surface 17 to be coated comprises the repair of a damaged area of a coated surface of an article such as the interior of a containment vessel where the titanium coating 21 has been destroyed or has deteriorated and requires repair. The process of the third embodiment comprises coating the damaged area of the surface of the article in accordance with the procedure described in relation to the first embodiment. This involves the application of a first layer 25 of copper over the damaged area of the surface and then the application subsequent layers 27, 29 and 31 of titanium over the surface as described in relation to the first embodiment.
Throughout the specification, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group of integers but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers.
It should be appreciated that the scope of the invention need not be limited to the particular scope of the embodiment described above.

Claims

ClaimsThe claims defining the invention are as follows:
1. A method of applying a coating formed predominantly of titanium to the surface of a ferrous substrate comprising the thermal application of a layer of copper and/or a copper alloy to the surface and subsequently thermally applying a layer of the coating to the surface of the layer of copper, wherein the application of the layer comprises applying molten copper to the surface whereby the degree of diffusion of iron into the layer is no greater than 3% .
2. A method of applying a coating as claimed at claim 1 wherein the application of the coating is effected by a sequential application of a plurality of layers of coating over the layer of copper.
3. A method of applying a coating as claimed at claim 1 or 2 wherein the copper comprises oxygen free copper.
4. A method of applying a coating as claimed at claim 1 or 2 or 3 wherein the application of molten copper to the surface comprises application of molten copper droplets onto the surface.
5. A method of applying a coating as claimed at claim 1 or 2 or 3 wherein the application of molten copper to the surface comprises a brazing/welding process.
6. A method of applying a coating as claimed at any one of the preceding claims wherein the depth of the fusion interface between the surface and the layer is between 1 to 3mm.
7. A method of applying a coating as claimed at any one of the preceding claims wherein only one layer is applied to the surface.
8. A method of applying a coating substantially as herein described.
9. An article formed of a ferrous material having a surface coated with a coating formed predominantly of titanium where the coating has been applied to the surface by the method as claimed at any one of claims 1 to 8.
PCT/AU2002/000323 2001-03-21 2002-03-21 Application of coating Ceased WO2002075012A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002242467A AU2002242467B2 (en) 2001-03-21 2002-03-21 Application of coating

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPR3869A AUPR386901A0 (en) 2001-03-21 2001-03-21 Application of coating
AUPR3869 2001-03-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002075012A1 true WO2002075012A1 (en) 2002-09-26

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/AU2002/000323 Ceased WO2002075012A1 (en) 2001-03-21 2002-03-21 Application of coating

Country Status (2)

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AU (1) AUPR386901A0 (en)
WO (1) WO2002075012A1 (en)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4011981A (en) * 1975-03-27 1977-03-15 Olin Corporation Process for bonding titanium, tantalum, and alloys thereof
JPS5827971A (en) * 1981-08-14 1983-02-18 Hitachi Ltd Melt spraying for metal
JPS60170586A (en) * 1984-02-15 1985-09-04 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Production of titanium clad steel plate
JPS63162849A (en) * 1986-12-26 1988-07-06 Nkk Corp Method for coating surface of steel material
JPH1080772A (en) * 1996-09-06 1998-03-31 Nkk Corp Titanium clad steel plate welding method
JPH11123549A (en) * 1997-10-15 1999-05-11 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Method for cladding by welding of titanium-based metal
US6173886B1 (en) * 1999-05-24 2001-01-16 The University Of Tennessee Research Corportion Method for joining dissimilar metals or alloys

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4011981A (en) * 1975-03-27 1977-03-15 Olin Corporation Process for bonding titanium, tantalum, and alloys thereof
JPS5827971A (en) * 1981-08-14 1983-02-18 Hitachi Ltd Melt spraying for metal
JPS60170586A (en) * 1984-02-15 1985-09-04 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Production of titanium clad steel plate
JPS63162849A (en) * 1986-12-26 1988-07-06 Nkk Corp Method for coating surface of steel material
JPH1080772A (en) * 1996-09-06 1998-03-31 Nkk Corp Titanium clad steel plate welding method
JPH11123549A (en) * 1997-10-15 1999-05-11 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Method for cladding by welding of titanium-based metal
US6173886B1 (en) * 1999-05-24 2001-01-16 The University Of Tennessee Research Corportion Method for joining dissimilar metals or alloys

Non-Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; Class M13, AN 1983-30775K/13 *
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; Class M13, AN 1988-230602/33 *
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; Class M23, AN 1993-340925/29 *
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; Class M23, AN 1998-325606/29 *
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; Class P55, AN 1985-258599/42 *

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