WO2002072958A1 - System and method for replacement of track bed ballast for railroad - Google Patents

Abstract

A track bed ballast replacement system for railroad, comprising a working train (51) having hopper cars (53a to 53e) loaded with new ballast (NB) and a ballast working car (52), the ballast working car (52) further comprising carrying-out conveyors (57a, 57b) carrying out scraped existing ballast (B) to a rearmost hopper car (53e) and a carrying-in conveyor (58) carrying in new ballast (NB) to an excavated part (21) where the ballast (B) was scraped, the hopper cars (53a to 53e) further comprising a first belt conveyor (61) for feeding the ballast (B) to a forwardmost hopper car (53a) and second and third belt conveyors (62, 63) for feeding new ballast (NB) to the carrying-in conveyor (58).

Description

 Specification

 Ballast ballast exchange system for railways and ballast exchange method

 The present invention relates to a system and a replacement method for replacing a ballast laid under a sleeper supporting a rail on a railroad track.

Background art

 Railroad tracks are equipped with a trackbed to distribute the vehicle load received by the sleepers to the roadbed. This type of ballast is constructed by stacking nolasts, which need to be replaced as necessary to maintain track integrity. Conventionally, as a method of replacing the ballast, a first work method shown in FIG. 5 and a second work method shown in FIG. 8 are known.

 In the first work method, a first work train 1 for removing the existing ballast B and a second work train 2 equipped with a new ballast NB to be replaced are prepared. . These first and second work trains 1 and 2 are tailored into one independent train, and are waiting on the same track 3 where maintenance work is to be performed.

 The first work train 1 includes a ballast work vehicle 4 for removing the existing ballast B and a plurality of hopper vehicles 5 for loading the removed ballast B. a, 5b, and a track motor car 6 that runs at a low speed by towing the nost work vehicle 4 and the hopper vehicles 5a, 5b.

Ballast work vehicle 4 is located at the end of the first work train 1. Have been. A ballast removal device 8 is installed at the rear end of the ballast work vehicle 4. As shown in FIG. 6, the norastrophy device 8 is equipped with a cutter 11 guided under a number of sleepers 10 supporting two rails 9a, 9b. ing. The cutter 11 is provided with an endless cutter link 12 and a number of scrapers 13 arranged at intervals on the side surface of the cutter link 12. The cutter link 12 extends downward in the direction perpendicular to the rails 9a and 9b, and is continuous with the rails 9a and 9b in the direction of the arrow by the power transmission from the motor 14. And is driven to rotate. As a result, the ballast B under the sleeper 10 protrudes to the side of the rails 9a and 9b.

 The ballast B picked up by the scraping device 8 is conveyed to the upper side of the ballast work vehicle 4 via the first unloading conveyor 15 and from there. It is transferred to the last hopper car 5b via the second unloading conveyor 16 arranged above the ballast work car 4.

As shown in FIG. 5, each of the honnos 5a and 5b has a loading platform 18 on which the Nolast B is loaded. Main carriers 19a and 19b and sending conveyors 20a and 20b are installed on the carrier 18 of the hopper vehicles 5a and 5b, respectively. The main conveyors 19a and 19b are arranged at the bottom of the carrier 18 so that the main conveyor can be used. It extends horizontally along the traveling direction of the cars 5a and 5b. The sending conveyors 20a and 20b are located at the discharge ends of the main conveyors 19a and 19b. The delivery conveyor 20b of the rear hopper car 5b is straddled between the carrier 7 and the front hopper car 5a. Let's talk.

 The first work train 1 was removing this nostril B under the sleeper 10 through the ballasting device 8, It moves forward at a low speed in a direction away from the later excavation part 21. The ballast B extracted by the ballasting device 8 is transferred to the carrier 1 of the rearmost hopper truck 5b via the first and second unloading conveyors 15 and 16. Moved to 8. Then, the noast B is sequentially sent to the carrier 18 of the preceding hopper car 5a via the main conveyor 19b and the unloading conveyor 20b.

 The second work train 2 includes a plurality of hopper cars 23a and 23b, and a track motor car 24 propelling the hopper cars 23a and 23b toward the excavation section 21. It consists of and. The hopper trucks 23a and 23b have a carrier 25 on which a new ballast NB to be replaced is loaded. On the loading platform 25 of these hopper vehicles 23a and 23b, main conveyors 26a and 26b and sending conveyors 27a and 27b are installed, respectively. The main conveyors 26a and 26b are arranged at the bottom of the carrier 25 and extend horizontally along the traveling direction of the hopper trucks 23a and 23b. The outgoing conveyors 27a and 27b are located at the discharge ends of the main conveyors 26a and 26b. The delivery conveyor 27b of the rear hopper car 23b straddles between the carrier 25 of the front hopper car 23a.

The second work train 2 moves toward the excavation part 21 after the ballast B removal work by the first work train 1 is completed. Then, when the leading hopper truck 23a reaches the excavation part 21, a new ballast NB loaded on the loading platform 25 is sent to the delivery conveyor 2 of the leading hopper truck 23a. It is injected into excavation section 21 through 7a.

 At this time, the new nost NB loaded on the carrier 25 of the later hopper truck 23b is sequentially forwarded via the main conveyor 26b and the sending conveyor 27b. Is transferred to the loading platform 25 of the hopper truck 23a, and is fed into the excavation section 21 through the delivery conveyor 27a.

 On the other hand, in the second work method shown in FIG. 8, the first work train 31 for removing the existing ballast B and the second work train for loading the removed ballast B 3 2 and a third work train 3 • 3 loaded with a new palladium NB to be replaced. Each of the first to third work trains 31 to 33 is tailored to an independent train. The first work train 31 and the third work train 33 are waiting on the same line 34 where the maintenance work is to be performed, and the second work train 32 is Waiting on another track 35 next to it.

The first work train 31 is composed of a noast work vehicle 37 that takes in the noast B, and a track motor car 6 that pulls the ballast work vehicle 37 and runs at low speed. ing. The ballast work vehicle 37 is equipped with a ballast removal device 8, a first carry-out conveyor 15, and a second carry-out conveyor 16 similar to the first work method described above. I have. The ballast removal device 8 is located at the front end of the noast work vehicle 37, and the tow track motor car 6 And are facing each other. The ballast B picked up by the ballast pick-up device 8 passes from the first unloading conveyor 15 to the adjacent line 35 via the second unloading conveyor 16. To the second work train 32 which is waiting at

 The second work train 32 has a plurality of truck cars 38a to 38c connected to each other, and two trucks 38a to 38c connected before and after these truck cars 38a to 38c. It consists of two motor cars for track, 39a and 39b. Each of the trucks 38a to 38c has an empty carrier 40, and the ballast B removed to the carrier 40 through the second carry-out conveyor 16 is provided. Has been loaded.

 When the bed 40 of one truck 38a is filled with the ballast B, the trucks 38a to 38b are driven by the track motor cars 39a and 39b. c moves on the track 35, and the ballast B is sequentially loaded on the bed 40 of the next truck 38b.

 The third work train 33 is composed of a plurality of hoki trucks 42a to 42c connected to each other, and two track motor cars 4 connected before and after these hoki trucks 42a to 42c. It consists of 3a, 43b and. Each of the hoki trucks 42a to 42c has a carrier 44 having a hopper function, and a new ballast NB is loaded on the carrier 44. .

The third work train 33 moves to the excavation section 21 after the work of removing the ballast B by the first work train 31 is completed, and the hoist trucks 42 a to 42 c A new ballast NB is put into the excavation section 21 from the loading platform 4 4. At this point, in the second working method, the ballasting device 8 is located at the front end of the ballast work vehicle 37, so that the ballasting operation of the ballast B proceeds. according, over the digging unit 2 1 bar Las preparative work vehicle ₃ 7 passes. For this reason, in carrying out the second working method, after removing ballast B, an operator enters the excavation section 21 and moves under the sleeper 10 floating in the air. The work of inserting a number of sleeper supports 46 as shown in Fig. 7 is being performed. Thus, the sleeper 10 is supported by the sleeper support base 46 to prevent the rails 9a, 9b from sinking due to the weight of the noast work vehicle 37.

 According to the first conventional work method, the first work train 1 for removing the existing ballast B and loading it, and the second work train loaded with a new ballast NB to be replaced Requires 2 and 2 formations. Therefore, in order to carry out track maintenance work, the first and second work trains 1 and 2 must be operated individually. Therefore, there is a problem that the replacement work of the last B requires a large number of personnel and the labor cost is increased.

 In addition, the second work train 2 equipped with the new ballast NB, after the work of removing the ballast B by the first work train 1 is completed, the excavation section on the track 3 Go to 2 1. As a result, it takes time to replace the first work train 1 with the second work train 2, and the work time required for ballast replacement becomes longer.

On the other hand, according to the second conventional working method, the ballast work vehicle 37 is placed on the track 35 next to the track 34 on which the track maintenance work is to be performed. It is necessary to keep the trucks 38a to 38c on which the scraps B to be loaded are loaded. For this reason, two adjacent tracks 34, 35 must be closed to carry out maintenance work, which may hinder the operation of railway vehicles.

 In the second work method, in order to prevent the rails 9a and 9b from sinking, the worker enters the excavated part 21 where the ballast B has been removed, and the sleeper 10 The sleeper supports 46 must be installed manually below. Moreover, the sleeper supports 46 need to be manually removed from the excavation section 21 before the new ballast NB is injected into the excavation section 21.

 Due to this force, extra work such as inserting the sleeper support base 46 into the excavation part 21 or taking it out of the excavation part 21 is added, and the number of work steps is increased accordingly. Become. Therefore, there is a problem that the replacement work of the ballast B requires a great deal of labor and labor, and the work time itself becomes longer.

 Furthermore, even if the second work method is used, since the first to third work trains 31 to 33 must be operated individually, the replacement work of the ballast B is not required. This is a big deal. This requires more personnel than the first method of operation and raises cost issues.

In addition, the third work train 33 on which the new ballast NB is loaded, after the work of removing the ballast B by the first work train 31 has been completed, the excavation section on the track 34 is completed. 2 Move toward 1. For this reason, as in the case of the first work method, it takes time to exchange the first work train 31 with the third work train 33, and nora It is not possible to efficiently perform the replacement work of the stop B. The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and therefore, the number of vehicles and the number of vehicles required for ballast replacement work is reduced, and the work for ballast replacement work is performed efficiently and reliably. The purpose is to provide a railway ballast ballast exchange system and a ballast exchange method that can reduce the work time.

Disclosure of the invention

 In order to achieve the above object, a railway ballast ballast exchange system according to the present invention according to claim 1 comprises:

 A new ballast to be replaced is loaded, and a plurality of trucks connected to each other and a collection means connected to the last truck to remove the existing ballast It is equipped with a work train tailored into one train including a ballast work vehicle.

 In the ballast work vehicle, the discharging means for discharging the ballast picked up by the above-mentioned collection means to the rearmost truck, and this ballast was picked up And a loading means for loading a new ballast into the excavated part of the site, and the above-mentioned truck transports the ballast conveyed via the above-mentioned unloading means from the last truck to the front A first transport means for sequentially transporting the vehicle to the second transport vehicle, and a second transport means for transporting a new loaded ballast to the input means of the above-mentioned ballast work vehicle via the last transport vehicle. It is characterized by having a transportation means and a transportation means.

In addition, the ballast replacement method of the present invention according to claim 2 is directed to directing the ballast removed by the recovery means of the ballast work vehicle from the rearmost transport vehicle to the frontmost transport vehicle. While sequentially transporting The new ballast loaded on the transport vehicle is supplied to the above-mentioned ballast work vehicle input means via the rearmost transport vehicle, and in the work train tailored to one train, The feature is that the existing ballast that has been removed is replaced with a new loaded ballast.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

 FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing formation of a work train according to an embodiment of the present invention.

 FIG. 2 is a side view of a single hopper having first to third belt conveyors.

 Figure 3 is a plan view schematically showing the driver's cab and the centralized monitoring room in the cab of the railroad motor car.

 Figure 4 is a block diagram schematically showing a centralized monitoring system. FIG. 5 is a side view schematically showing the composition of a first work train and a second work train used in the first conventional work method.

 FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a ballast removing device mounted on a conventional ballast working vehicle.

 FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a sleeper support for supporting a sleeper has been inserted into an excavated portion where a ballast has been removed in the second conventional working method.

 FIG. 8 is a side view schematically showing formation of first to third work trains used in the second conventional work method.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. FIG. 1 schematically shows a work train 51 used to replace ballast B under sleepers 10. The work train 51 includes a plastic work vehicle 52, five hopper vehicles 53a to 53e as transport vehicles, and a work vehicle 52 and a single hono vehicle. It consists of two orbital motor cars 54a and 54b that pulls 53a to 53e. These noast work vehicle 52, one hopper vehicle 53a to 53e, and track motor cars 54a and 54b are connected to each other to form a single knitting, and the track maintenance work is performed. Is waiting on the track 50 to carry out.

 The ballast work vehicle 52 is located at the end of the work train 51. The ballast work vehicle 52 includes a ballast removal device 56 as ballast recovery means, and first and second unloading conveyors 57a and 57b as unloading means. Equipped with The norasle removal device 56 is provided at the rear end of the ballast work vehicle 52. The ballast removing device 56 has the same configuration as the above-described conventional ballast removing device 8, and therefore a detailed description thereof is omitted.

 The ballast B removed by the ballast removal device 56 is carried out above the ballast work vehicle 52 via the first carrying-out conveyor 57a, where the first ballast B is removed. It is transferred from the unloading conveyor 57a to the second unloading conveyor 57b. The second carry-out conveyor 57b extends toward the rearmost hopper 53e at the top of the ballast work vehicle 52.

Further, the palast working vehicle 52 has a charging conveyor 58 as a charging means. The input conveyor 58 is the second unloader In addition to being disposed below the conveyor 57b, it is installed substantially horizontally along the traveling direction of the noast work vehicle 52. The discharge end 58a of the input conveyor 58 protrudes above the ballast removal device 56 and rearward of the first discharge conveyor 57a.

 Each of the hopper vehicles 53a to 53e has a carrier 60. The loading platform 60 of the forefront hopper truck 53a is empty to load the nostrils B that have been removed. On the other hand, a new ballast NB to be replaced is loaded on the carrier 60 of the remaining hopper vehicles 53b to 53e.

 The loading platform 60 of each of the hopper vehicles 53a to 53e has a first belt conveyor 61 as a first transporting means, and a second and a second belting means as a second transporting means. 3 belt conveyors 6 2 and 6 3 are mounted.

 As best shown in FIG. 2, the first belt conveyor 61 is composed of a receiving conveyor 61a and a discharging conveyor 61b. These conveyors 6 l a and 6 l b are mounted on the upper part of the loading platform 60 via a plurality of stays 64. The conveyors 61a and 61b are arranged in a row at the top of the loading platform 60, and are driven from the rear of the work train 51 to the front. I have.

The receiving conveyor 6 1 a and the discharging conveyor 6 lb are inclined upward as they move from the receiving side to the discharging side along the transport direction of the noast B, respectively. Due to this inclination, the receiving end of the discharge conveyor 61b is positioned below the discharge end of the receiving conveyor 61a. ing. The discharge end of the discharge conveyor 61b is located above the receiving end of the receiving conveyor 61a between the adjacent hopper vehicles 53a to 53e. In the rearmost hopper truck 53e, the receiving end of the receiving conveyor 61a is located below the discharge end of the second unloading conveyor 57b of the nostalgic work vehicle 52. ing.

 Therefore, the ballast B removed by the ballast removal device 56 is transferred from the second unloading conveyor 57b to the first belt conveyor of the rearmost hopper truck 53e. 6 Moved to 1. This ballast B is sequentially passed through the first belt conveyor 61 of the hopper vehicles 53a to 53d in front of the hopper truck 53 to the loading platform 60 of the frontmost hopper vehicle 53a. Is conveyed.

 The second belt conveyors 62 are arranged at the bottom of the loading platform 60, and extend horizontally along the traveling directions of the ho-no-cars 53a to 53e, respectively. The second belt conveyor 62 is driven from the front to the rear of the work train 51. The discharge ends of these second belt conveyors 62 are located at the rear of the loading platforms 60 of the hopper vehicles 53a to 53e.

The third belt conveyor 63 extends obliquely upward as it goes rearward from the rear force of the carrier 60. The third belt conveyor 63 follows the second belt conveyor 62 and is driven from the front to the rear of the work train 51. The discharge end of the third belt conveyor 63 is located above the front of the loading platform 60 of the rear hopper trucks 53b to 53e. For the last hopper truck 53 e, the third belt conveyor 63 Is located above the receiving end 58b of the input conveyor 58.

 From this, the new ballast NB loaded on the loading platform 60 is successively and rearmost via the second and third belt conveyors 62, 63. It is sent to the loading platform 60 of the upper truck 53 e, and is transferred to the loading conveyor 58 of the ballast work truck 52 from this force.

 The track motor cars 54a and 54b are located at the head of the work train 51, and the ballast work car 52 and the hopper cars 53a to 53e via low-speed traveling devices (not shown). Is towed at a constant speed. For this reason, the work train 51 is moved at a low speed in a direction away from the excavated portion 21 where the nostral B has been removed.

 The track motor cars 54a and 54b are equipped with cabs 65 on which crew members board. As shown in FIG. 3, the cabin 65 has an operator cab 66 and a centralized monitoring room 67. In the centralized monitoring room 67, a plurality of monitoring monitors 68 are arranged. The monitoring motor 68 is sent by the first belt conveyor 61, the state of the ballast B extraction, the state of the introduction of the new ballast NB to the excavation part 21. This is for displaying the transport status of the ballast B and the transport status of the Nolast NB sent by the second belt conveyor 62.

As shown in Fig. 1, the rear end of the ballast work vehicle 52 is equipped with a camera to capture the state of the extraction of the nolast B and the state of the introduction of the new ballast NB. Laka Mela 70 is installed. Similarly, At the discharge end of the discharge conveyor 61b of each of the hopper vehicles 53a to 53e, a color camera 71 that shoots the loading platform 60 from above is installed. As shown in FIG. 4, the video signals captured by the color cameras 70 and 71 are transmitted to the transmitter / receiver via a screen division controller 72 and a controller 73 as shown in FIG. It is transmitted to 74 and transmitted from the antenna 75 of the transceiver 74.

 A lighting device 76 (shown in FIG. 4) is installed on the rear end of the ballast work vehicle 52 and on the loading platform 60 of each of the hopper vehicles 53a to 53e. The illuminating device 76 illuminates the work place for removing the ballast B and the transport path of the ballast B, thereby achieving uniform illumination of the object.

 As shown in FIG. 4, the monitoring monitor 68 in the centralized monitoring room 67 is connected to the transceiver 79 via the controller 78. The transceiver 79 has an antenna 80. The antenna 80 receives the video signal transmitted from the antenna 75 of the transmitter / receiver 74, and the monitoring monitor 68 receives the video signal of the noast B and the new ballast NB. An image indicating the loading status and the transport status of the ballasts B and NB is displayed.

 The monitoring monitor 68 includes a four-divided liquid crystal display 80 for displaying the video and an operation display 81 using a touch panel system. The operation display 81 has a screen which can be pressed with a fingertip, and by pressing this screen with a fingertip, the image displayed on the liquid crystal display 80 can be selectively switched. It has become.

Next, work procedures for replacing the existing ballasts explain.

 First, the work train 51 waiting on the track 50 is moved to a place where the maintenance work is to be performed. Then, the ballast removing device 56 of the ballast work vehicle 52 is driven, and the ballast removing device 56 is moved from the side of the reynoles 9 a and 9 b to the sleeper 1. Dive below 0.

 When the work train 51 advances at a low speed in this state, the ballasts B laid under the sleepers 10 are sequentially removed. The removed ballast B is transferred via the first and second unloading conveyors 57a and 57b to the first belt core of the rearmost hopper truck 53e. To the front hopper car 53 3a through the first belt conveyor 61 of 53 d to 53 d. Transported to Therefore, the ballast B that has been removed is loaded on the loading platform 60 of the forefront hopper truck 53a.

 On the other hand, at the same time as removing the last B, a new ballast NB loaded on the last hopper truck 53e is replaced by the second belt conveyor 62 and the third belt conveyor. It is transferred to the input conveyor 58 of the ballast work vehicle 52 through 63. The ballast NB is put into the excavation part 21 where the noast B has been removed via the feeding conveyor 58.

The new bearings NB loaded on the intermediate hopper trucks 5 3b to 5 3d include the second belt conveyor 6 2 and the third belt conveyor 6 2 of the respective loading platforms 60. 3 and sequentially sent to the rear hopper vehicles 5 3 c to 5 3 e, and the nolast work vehicle 52 is turned on. It is fed into the excavation section 21 from the conveyor 58.

 The ballast B sent to the loading platform 60 of the forefront hopper truck 53a sequentially passes through the second belt conveyor 62 and the third belt conveyor 63 sequentially. Hopper trucks 53b to 53e. Therefore, as the work of exchanging Nolast B and Nolast NB progresses, a new ballast NB is sent from the carrier 60 of the hopper vehicles 53b to 53e. As the cargo is discharged, the ballast B that has been picked up on the carrier 60 is loaded.

 Therefore, in the working train 51 tailored to one formation, the new ballast NB is replaced with the existing ballast B that has been removed.

 During the ballast exchange work, the status of ballast B extraction, the status of new ballast NB loading, and the status of ballast B and NB transport are as follows. Images are taken one by one by 0 and 7 1. The video signals from the color cameras 70 and 71 are transferred to the centralized monitoring room 67 of the orbiting motor cars 54a and 54b and displayed on the monitoring monitor 68.

Therefore, the observer can collectively monitor the state of connection of ballast B and the state of scarring in the centralized monitoring room 67 of the work train 51. Therefore, if an error occurs in the work of removing the ballast B or the operation of loading a new ballast NB, or in the case of an abnormality in the transport status of the ballast B, This can be immediately recognized. Therefore, in an emergency when an abnormality is detected, the ball-stopping device 56 and various conveyors 57a, 57b, 58, 61, 62, 63 are stopped immediately. Or alarms It is possible to respond quickly, such as sounding.

 According to such an exchanging method, the ballast B under the sleeper 10 is removed, and at the same time, the hopper truck 5 is moved to the excavated part 21 where the ballast B is removed. A new ballast NB loaded in 3b to 53e can be loaded. Therefore, it is possible to immediately move to track maintenance work using a new ballast NB after removing the existing ballast B. Therefore, the ballast replacement work can be performed in a short time while minimizing the deviation of the track 50.

 The no-struck stripping device 56 is located at the rear end of the ballast work vehicle 52, and the work train 51 also has a trace of the ballast B that has been stripped. The heavy work train 51 does not pass over the excavation part 21 because it moves in a direction away from the excavation part 21. For this reason, if a sleeper support is inserted into the excavated part 21 as in the conventional case, or if the sleeper support is removed when a new ballast NB is inserted, all the troublesome and troublesome work is required. No longer required. Therefore, the number of man-hours for track maintenance work can be reduced, and the work time can be shortened.

 Moreover, a series of processes from the removal of the existing ballast B to the introduction of a new ballast NB can be continuously performed by one work train 51. . For this reason, it is not necessary to replace the work train dedicated to removing the ballast B with the work train dedicated to the insertion of a new ballast NB as in the past. It contributes to shortening of work time and there is no risk of hindering the operation of railway vehicles.

In addition, since the work train 51 is a single train, In comparison with the second work method, the number of track motor cars 54a and 54b and hopper cars 53a to 53e and the number of staff required to operate the work train 51 can be reduced. Therefore, there is an advantage that a large-scale operation of closing two adjacent lines is not required, and the cost required for ballast replacement can be reduced.

Industrial applicability

According to the present invention described in detail above, replacing a plurality of work trains or closing two adjacent tracks eliminates the need for large-scale work. perform jar Chiniko RitsuRyo clause of time, to be and not be this interfering with the operation of the railway vehicle and, there is a kind of advantage force ^s Ru can reduce the co-be sampled required to Roh La be sampled exchange .

Claims

The scope of the claims  1. A system that replaces the existing ballast laid under the sleepers that support the rails.  A new ballast to be replaced is loaded, and a plurality of trucks connected to each other and a collection means connected to the last truck to remove the existing ballast are provided. A work train tailored to one formation that runs along the rails, and  The above-mentioned ballast work vehicle is provided with an unloading means for unloading the ballast picked up by the above-mentioned collection means toward the rearmost truck, and excavation of a mark where the ballast was picked up. And a charging means for charging a new ballast to the department.  The transport vehicle includes a first transport means for sequentially transporting the ballast conveyed via the unloading means from the rearmost transport vehicle to the forefront transport vehicle, and a new loaded ballast. The transport of the stall via the rearmost transport vehicle to the above-mentioned means for loading the ballast work vehicle A railroad ballast exchange system for railroads, comprising:  2. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carrier has a carrier on which a new ballast is loaded, and the first transport means is disposed above the carrier. The second transportation means is arranged at the bottom of the cargo bed, wherein the ballast ballast exchange system for railways is characterized in that the second transportation means is arranged at the bottom of the cargo bed. 3. In Claim 1, the work train includes the hauling vehicle and the towing vehicle that self-propells the ballast working vehicle. The tow truck is located at the forefront of the work train, and pulls the above-mentioned ballast work vehicle in a direction away from the excavation section. Exchange system.  4. In claim 3, the ballast work vehicle has a camera for photographing the existing ballast removal situation and new ballast loading situation, and A ballast ballast exchange system for railroads, characterized by having a monitoring room in which a monitor for displaying video information captured by the above camera is arranged.  5. The vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the carrier has a camera for photographing the status of the transported ballast, and the video information photographed by the camera is used for monitoring the ballast. A ballast ballast exchange system for railways, which is displayed on a room monitor.  6. Collect the existing ballast laid under the sleepers that support the rails, and put a new ballast in the excavated area where the ballast was removed. And a plurality of trucks sequentially connected in front of the ballast and loaded with a new ballast to be replaced. Equipped with a work train tailored to one formation, The ballast picked up by the recovery means of the above-mentioned ballasting work vehicle is transported sequentially from the last carrier to the frontmost carrier, and new vehicles loaded on these vehicles are transported. The blast is supplied to the input means of the ballast work vehicle via the rearmost transport vehicle, and a new ballast loaded in the work train tailored to the one train and a A method of replacing a ballast ballast for a railroad, which is characterized by exchanging a scraped existing ballast. 7. The work train according to claim 6, wherein the work train travels in a direction away from the excavation section while removing an existing ballast. Ballast ballast replacement method.