WO2002055745A1 - Procede de bouletage de minerai de fer - Google Patents
Procede de bouletage de minerai de fer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002055745A1 WO2002055745A1 PCT/FR2002/000063 FR0200063W WO02055745A1 WO 2002055745 A1 WO2002055745 A1 WO 2002055745A1 FR 0200063 W FR0200063 W FR 0200063W WO 02055745 A1 WO02055745 A1 WO 02055745A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- zones
- temperature
- pellets
- zone
- equal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
- C22B1/20—Sintering; Agglomerating in sintering machines with movable grates
- C22B1/205—Sintering; Agglomerating in sintering machines with movable grates regulation of the sintering process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2413—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating enduration of pellets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B21/00—Open or uncovered sintering apparatus; Other heat-treatment apparatus of like construction
- F27B21/06—Endless-strand sintering machines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/2016—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/38—Arrangements of cooling devices
- F27B7/383—Cooling devices for the charge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/06—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated
- F27B9/10—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated heated by hot air or gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
- F27B9/3005—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
- F27D2019/0012—Monitoring the composition of the atmosphere or of one of their components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangement of monitoring devices; Arrangement of safety devices
- F27D21/0014—Devices for monitoring temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2001/00—Composition, conformation or state of the charge
- F27M2001/18—Composition, conformation or state of the charge in the form of pellets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2003/00—Type of treatment of the charge
- F27M2003/03—Calcining
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a process for pelletizing iron ore and an installation for implementing said process.
- iron ore used to make steel is very rarely naturally available in a form. directly usable by the steel industry. In most cases, it has to undergo various stages of concentration and preparation to make it compatible with current metallurgical processes. Indeed, calibrated ore is increasingly rare and the latter does not always meet the requirements of metal production processes.
- the first classic step in preparation. iron ore consists in giving it a determined chemical composition. The ore is in fact generally too poor in iron and too rich in undesirable oxides, such as silica, to be used in a metal production process. To improve its qualities, it is ground and then the iron oxide particles are concentrated until a high iron content is obtained.
- the second step consists in giving this ground ore mechanical and physical characteristics which give it enough resistance to withstand the stresses undergone in metallurgical processes such as blast furnaces or direct reduction furnaces. These characteristics include mechanical strength at high temperatures, reducibility, abrasion resistance, porosity, etc.
- This second stage goes through a phase of agglomeration of the ores in the form of particles of medium particle size from the concentrated fines.
- pelletizing makes it possible to obtain iron ore pellets with a diameter of the order of 10 mm. This transformation is generally carried out by the mining companies on the extraction sites or on the ports of export of the ore, the ore sold to the steelmakers then being an ore agglomerated into pellets.
- the installation comprises a first part 12 for forming raw pellets.
- the ore is mixed in desired proportions with certain additives such as fluxes, binders and possibly a fuel in the form of coke dust for example.
- At exit 14 of part 12 of the installation there are therefore raw pellets with a suitable diameter, but low mechanical strength.
- the pellets are loaded on a drive conveyor (or grid) 16 by forming a bed with a thickness of the order of about twenty centimeters.
- the grid 16 moves in a tunnel 20, in which a stream of hot gases obtained by burners not shown in FIG. 1 is created.
- the grid 16 consists of a gas-permeable strip, most often made of metallic materials, to allow forced circulation of hot gases through the bed of pellets by means of fans not shown.
- the tunnel 20 is separated into several functional zones which, themselves, can be subdivided into several stages. First of all, there is the drying zone 22 in which the free water present in the pellets is evaporated, then the water of constitution is eliminated in turn. On leaving the drying zone, the carbonaceous materials (fluxes) are calcined, causing an escape of carbon dioxide. In the following section 24, called preheating, the air circulation in the bed of pellets is comparable to that of the dryer.
- the iron in Fe2 + form present is oxidized by the oxygen present in the gases circulating through the bed of pellets while the bed of pellets crosses this section. This reaction releases a significant amount of heat which is added to that provided by the burners.
- fossil fuel is mixed with the ore and its combustion in this preheating section compensates for the heat input given by oxidation in the case where magnetite is predominant in the pellets.
- These iron oxidation reactions are very important for product quality and must be completed before sintering the ore to obtain a good quality end product.
- the sintering reactions begin at the end of the preheating section 24.
- the pellets at the outlet of section 24 are loaded, in this embodiment, into a rotary oven 26 provided with a large burner.
- the hot gases circulate essentially transversely with respect to the direction of movement of the ore pellets.
- the pellets are heated by the flame and the radiation of the refractories constituting the oven. They are thus kept at a high temperature during their stay in the oven. It is during this stage that sintering and recrystallization take place which will give their mechanical properties to the pellets.
- the heating section may consist of an extension of the tunnel similar to that which defines zones 22 and 24 (straight chain).
- the installation ends with a cooling zone 28 in which the pellets are cooled to ambient temperature by circuits 30 for forced circulation of cold air through the bed of pellets. Most often, the air leaving the cooler is used in the drying zone 22 or in the oven 26.
- the oxidation reaction does not have time to take place properly in the preheating part 24 of the installation.
- the coolers finish this oxidation and therefore operate as ovens over part of their length.
- the fans are limited in capacity, the air flow in the coolers cannot be increased.
- the length remaining to cool the load is no longer sufficient, which becomes a bottleneck for the productivity of the installation.
- sintering a not fully oxidized pellet degrades the quality of the product obtained. It is common to see an oxidation performed at only 60% at the end of preheating.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a pelletizing process which makes it possible to improve the oxidation of the ore while limiting the consumption of oxygen required and therefore maintaining the economic viability of the installation.
- the iron ore pelletizing process comprises the following steps: - pellets are provided consisting of a mixture of iron ore and additives,
- a bed of said pellets is formed which is moved into a treatment installation comprising a drying zone, a preheating zone and a heating zone, said zones being supplied by a counter-current circulation of hot gases produced in part by burners, and a cooling section disposed at the outlet of said zones;
- the temperature of said hot gases is measured in said zones or portions of zones; - said measured temperatures are compared to a predetermined maximum value and to a predetermined minimum value;
- Oxygen is injected, at least into some of said zones or portions of zones for which the measured temperature is between said maximum value and said minimum value, by controlling the flow rate, thereby significantly improving the oxidation of the iron ore contained in said pellets at the exit of said zones.
- a second object of the invention is to provide an installation, in particular for implementing the defined method.
- the pelletizing plant for the processing of ore pellets consisting of ore and additives comprises:
- a drying zone a preheating zone, a heating zone and a cooling section, means for moving a bed of said pellets in said zones and in said section, said zones and said section being equipped with heating means and circulation of hot gas;
- the pelletizing process consists in using a pelletizing installation of the same type as that already used but, in a first step, the temperatures are determined during the normal operating phase of the installation. in the zones in particular for drying 22, for preheating 24 and possibly for heating 26.
- each of these zones is equipped with several temperature sensors such as C1, C2, ... C6 which are mounted in the zone drying, in the preheating zone and possibly in the heating zone formed by the rotary kiln 26.
- These temperatures are supplied to a treatment installation 40 which compares the temperatures measured by the various sensors Ci and the maximum and minimum temperatures predetermined corresponding to the most favorable temperature regions to produce oxidation by an excess of oxygen born.
- the temperature ranges are 600 to 1,300 ° C and preferably 850 to 1,100 ° C, the latter temperature range corresponding to the vast majority of the ores to be treated.
- Figures 3 and 4 show curves recorded during isothermal laboratory tests. A sample of ore is heated to a temperature T under an inert atmosphere. This temperature, once stabilized, is kept constant throughout the test. The sample is then subjected to an atmosphere composed of nitrogen and oxygen and the oxygen content of which is controlled. The change in mass resulting from the oxidation of the ore by atmospheric oxygen is recorded as a function of time in order to quantitatively follow the phenomenon.
- the curves shown in FIG. 3 provide the final oxidation rate of the ore as a function of the maximum temperature in which the ore is placed for oxygen injection rates of 15% (A), 18% (B), 21% (C) and 23% (D). It can be seen that these curves have a maximum oxidation zone in the range from 700 ° C to 1300 ° C.
- the curves in FIG. 4 give the average oxidation speed of the ore in mol.g "1.
- S " 1 as a function of the maximum temperature for four oxygen contents.
- These curves reflect the "oxidation rate" which has a maximum in the temperature range from 800 ° C to 1200 ° C.
- the choice of temperature ranges from 600 ° C to 1,300 ° C and preferably from 850 ° C to 1,100 ° C results from a compromise between the results corresponding to these two series of curves.
- the portions of the zone in which this temperature range is reached are determined, zones or portions of zone where the oxygen injection must be carried out.
- the zones or portions of zones of oxygen injectors such as 11 and 12 are fitted, which, in the particular example shown in the figure, are arranged in the preheating zone 24
- These injectors are connected to an oxygen source 44 via an appropriate system.
- the control of these valves by analogous means makes it possible to adjust the oxygen flow rate as a function of additional information such as the oxygen content in the air, etc., which is supplied by other sensors such as K1, K2, etc.
- the indications provided by these sensors and transmitted to the treatment unit 40 make it possible to adapt the oxygen flow rate in the different zones or portions of zones of the pelletizing installation.
- the installation comprises a rotary oven 26
- the injection of oxygen raises specific problems and this solution will only be adopted in special cases.
- the heating zone is an extension of the preheating zone
- the oxygen injection can be carried out in the heating zone if the temperatures of the gases in this zone are included in the ranges' mentioned above.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BR0206399-9A BR0206399A (pt) | 2001-01-10 | 2002-01-09 | Processo de produção de esferas de minério de ferro |
| AU2002233406A AU2002233406B2 (en) | 2001-01-10 | 2002-01-09 | Method for pelletization of iron ore |
| CA002433853A CA2433853A1 (fr) | 2001-01-10 | 2002-01-09 | Procede de bouletage de minerai de fer |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0100268A FR2819267B1 (fr) | 2001-01-10 | 2001-01-10 | Procede de bouletage de minerai de fer |
| FR01/00268 | 2001-01-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2002055745A1 true WO2002055745A1 (fr) | 2002-07-18 |
Family
ID=8858656
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2002/000063 Ceased WO2002055745A1 (fr) | 2001-01-10 | 2002-01-09 | Procede de bouletage de minerai de fer |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2002233406B2 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR0206399A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2433853A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2819267B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2002055745A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE547193C2 (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2025-05-20 | Luossavaara Kiirunavaara Ab | Method and apparatus for producing a metal oxide material |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2785063A (en) * | 1951-11-17 | 1957-03-12 | Oglebay Norton And Company | Temperature control system and method |
| US4313757A (en) * | 1976-08-06 | 1982-02-02 | Union Carbide Corporation | Process for upgrading iron ore pellets |
| US4473519A (en) * | 1980-02-13 | 1984-09-25 | Estel Hoogovens B.V. | Method of agglomeration of fly ash into pellets |
| EP0602880A1 (fr) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-06-22 | Mark Cross | Traitement de minerais de fer |
-
2001
- 2001-01-10 FR FR0100268A patent/FR2819267B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-01-09 CA CA002433853A patent/CA2433853A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2002-01-09 WO PCT/FR2002/000063 patent/WO2002055745A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2002-01-09 AU AU2002233406A patent/AU2002233406B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-01-09 BR BR0206399-9A patent/BR0206399A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2785063A (en) * | 1951-11-17 | 1957-03-12 | Oglebay Norton And Company | Temperature control system and method |
| US4313757A (en) * | 1976-08-06 | 1982-02-02 | Union Carbide Corporation | Process for upgrading iron ore pellets |
| US4473519A (en) * | 1980-02-13 | 1984-09-25 | Estel Hoogovens B.V. | Method of agglomeration of fly ash into pellets |
| EP0602880A1 (fr) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-06-22 | Mark Cross | Traitement de minerais de fer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2819267A1 (fr) | 2002-07-12 |
| BR0206399A (pt) | 2004-02-10 |
| AU2002233406B2 (en) | 2004-10-21 |
| FR2819267B1 (fr) | 2004-01-02 |
| CA2433853A1 (fr) | 2002-07-18 |
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