WO2002046543A1 - Device for separating and removing separation materials from a flowing liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device, especially a step rake with stationary and moveable blades whose movement enables separation materials to be separated and removed from a liquid flowing through said rake.The lower ends of the blades are arranged in the region of the base of the channel or the base of a body of water and are temporarily raised above the base when they move. In order to prevent sediments from being deposited between the moveable blades, a pre-mounted cover is provided in the direction of flow. A collector chamber (51) is provided for sediments underneath the cover (5). A cleaning device (6) is arranged in the collector chamber (51) in order to remove sediments.

Description

 Device for separating and removing separators from a flowing liquid

The invention relates to a device for separating and removing material to be separated from a flowing liquid, for example wastewater, in the form of a rake consisting of movable and fixed lamellae which is immersed in the liquid, the lamellae being provided with steps on their side against which the liquid flows There is a gap between the lamellae for the passage of liquid, the movable lamellae, by moving with at least one movement component in the longitudinal direction of the fixed lamellae, transporting the material to be separated from step to step of the fixed lamellae, in order to move it around the upper ends of the To transfer slats to a conveyor for removal and wherein the lower ends of the slats are arranged in the region of a sewer bottom or a body of water, and with an upstream cover for the region of the lower ends of the slats.

Such a device is known from EP 0346311 A2. In the device shown there, a cover is provided in the area of the lower ends of the lamellae with respect to the direction of the flowing liquid, which is to prevent the passage of substances carried in the liquid through the device. By moving the movable slats upwards, the clear distance for the passage of the liquid between two adjacent fixed slats changes in the area of the lower end of the slats. The movable slats are moved upwards, thereby clearing this area. The fixed and movable slats of the device are guided in a comb-shaped part of the cover.

This embodiment of the device can prevent the entry of coarse components into the lower region of the slats and in particular also their passage through the device. Much smaller particles but such. B. sand or other suspended matter, can severely impair the functionality of the device, because they settle in the area of the slat ends and thereby hinder the movement of the movable slats. This leads to severe impairments and even damage to the device. The embodiment of a cover shown in FIG. 9 of EP 0346311 A2 cannot prevent the accumulation of contaminants, in particular sand, in the region of the lower ends of the slats. The particles entrained in the liquid flow partially through the device and are then deposited in the critical area.

DE 4035175 A1 discloses a device with a movable flap which is provided with an opening lever. The aim of the opening is to ensure that the area behind the flap is cleaned by the flow. The effectiveness of the measure depends on the flow and must be carried out by hand. Large forces also require large forces. In the device of EP 0712968 A2 no cover is provided, but the slats are provided in the lower area with a joint which allows the movable slats to always touch the bottom of the channel, even when they move upwards. This design of a grating rake causes a high level of wear on the slats and is also unfavorable in terms of costs.

The object of the present application is to create a device which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art. This task is accomplished by solved by a device designed according to the features of claim 1.

The design of the device according to the claim advantageously ensures that sediments which have accumulated below the movable slats can be removed in a simple and safe manner. This ensures correct operation of the device due to the undisturbed mobility of the movable slats. The design of the device with a cleaning device ensures that cleaning is possible at any time, regardless of the water level and the flow rate. Irrespective of the width and other design and installation conditions, safe cleaning of the device from suspended matter is possible at any time. In addition, the cleaning can be done at any time and can also be automated and requires no physical strength, so that regular cleaning can be carried out. In connection with a control device, an automatic operation can be guaranteed. The cleaning device is particularly advantageously designed as a pipeline with at least one nozzle for the discharge of a pressurized cleaning liquid. This advantageously ensures that deposits in the area of the movable slats can be safely removed. A suitable arrangement and number of nozzles can reliably ensure that the relevant points are reliably kept free of deposits. In addition, if necessary, the pressure in the pipeline can be increased in order to tell about a safe or quick cleaning effect. The cleaning liquid water is advantageous. Depending on the application, however, it can also be advantageous to allow a cleaning gas to act on the deposits via the nozzles, air being used more advantageously as the cleaning gas. In addition, in a particularly advantageous development of the inventions, the nozzle openings can be designed in such a way that they can generate a cleaning jet which runs at least approximately parallel to the floor of the collecting space. This ensures that the discharge wrestled raised from the floor and washed away from the area of the slats of the device.

In a particularly advantageous development of the invention, the cleaning device is connected to a control device which controls the cleaning device. The control device is advantageously designed, for example, as a valve which controls the entry of pressurized media into the pipeline. By means of a corresponding advantageous embodiment of the control device, more or less pressure medium can be used for cleaning if necessary. For this purpose, the cleaning device advantageously has a connecting pipe which connects the pipeline to a container which is filled with a cleaning liquid or a cleaning gas. The connecting tube can also advantageously connect the cleaning device to a pump which pressurizes the cleaning medium. This pump is then equipped according to the invention with an inlet which ensures access to the cleaning medium and with an outlet side which is connected to the pipeline. When using a pump, the control device for controlling the cleaning device is designed accordingly as an electrical switch that connects the pump to a voltage source.

In a particularly advantageous development, the control device is a unit that a valve or a pump depending on sensors, for. B. controls a timer or a flow meter. It is advantageous for the efficiency of the cleaning device to arrange it in front of the lamellae in the direction of flow because the sedimented material to be discharged thereby already moves in the direction of flow of the liquid flowing through the device and is therefore more easily carried along by the flow.

In a particularly advantageous development of the invention, the cover is provided with cutouts which form a guide for the movable or fixed slats. In this way it is advantageously achieved that the fixed and movable slats are guided and at the same time the cover covers the slats so that as little dirt particles as possible, such as sand, get into the area below the cover or into the area of the movable slats. The fixed lamellae, viewed in the direction of flow of the liquid, are therefore particularly advantageously taken up by the cover at least half. This has an advantageous effect on the reduction of the sediments in the area of the lower ends of the movable slats. In a particularly advantageous development, the cover, viewed in the direction of flow of the liquid, extends behind the fixed and movable slats. The recesses are particularly advantageously designed as slots, so that the area of the slats is covered as far as possible by the cover and the slats are well guided.

In a particularly advantageous development of the invention, the fixed slats are advantageously widened on both sides in the area of the cutouts in the cover or advantageously also below the cover by doubling. It is thereby advantageously achieved that the fixed slats form a guide for the movable slats. In a particularly advantageous manner, the doubling is attached to a fixed lamella of the device in such a way that the doubling is arranged in the recess in the cover. As a result, the cover also guides the slats.

In a particularly advantageous development of the invention, a sealing lip, which is preferably elastic, is arranged on the cover in the flow direction in front of the lamellae. With the path of movement of the movable lamellae, this enables the sealing lip to be lifted. As a result, the sealing lip can cover the intermediate space released by the movable lamellae in the region of the recess. Due to the flexibility of the sealing lip, it can be touched by the movable lamellae without being damaged. This ensures the greatest possible cover the recesses of the cover reached so that only little dirt particles get into the area below the cover.

The invention is explained below with the aid of graphic representations. Show it:

Figure 1 is a side view of an inventive device in

Cut;

Figure 2 is a plan view of the device of Figure 1, without lamellae;

Figure 3 is a side view similar to Figure 1 with a differently designed cover;

Figure 4 is a plan view of part of the cover of Figure 3;

Figure 5 shows the device according to the invention, mounted behind a sole jump.

FIG. 1 shows a section in the region of the lower ends 21 of the lamellae 2 of the device 1 according to the invention for separating and removing material to be separated from a flowing liquid. Such a device 1 is generally referred to as a step rake. The slats 2 consist of fixed slats 22 and movable slats 23, a movable slat being arranged between each two fixed slats. The movable slats are arranged on a common holder 3 and thus connected to one another. So you perform the same movement parallel to each other. As a rule, this is a kind of circular or elliptical movement through which the movable lamellae capture and lift the dirt particles located on the steps 24 of the fixed lamellae and each on the Store level 24 of the fixed slats. This process is repeated until the dirt components have reached the upper end (not shown) of the slats, where the dirt particles are disposed of in a known manner. The device 1 is arranged in a channel 4, the flow S running essentially transversely to the plane in which the parallel lamellae 2 are arranged. During their movement, the movable slats 23 perform a movement in the direction of a horizontal component H and a movement in the direction of the vertical components V. The lower end 25 of the movable slats 23 reaches the area of the channel base 41. Device 1) not only gets dirt particles into the area of the device 1 with the flow S, where they are held by the steps 24 of the lamellae 2 and ultimately transported away in the vertical direction, but also other dirt components, for example small stones and sand that get between the slats and are deposited below the cover 5, carried along with the flow. They can accumulate in the area of the lower ends 25 of the movable slats 23 in such a way that their movement is restricted or prevented. The former leads to an increased energy consumption and wear of the device 1, the latter to the destruction of the drive or to switching it off, whereby the functionality of the device 1 is no longer guaranteed. In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention shown, the cover 5 has a slight inclination towards the flow S, which ensures that, viewed in the direction of flow, no significant material accumulations form in front of the cover 5, which block the channel sole 41 in the area in front of the device 1 or could fill up. Due to the gentle inclination of the cover 5, substances which are heavier than water also reach the area of the steps 24 of the slats 2, as a result of which they can be transported away by the device 1. In other embodiments, it may well be possible that the side of the cover 5 facing the flow S is made steeper. In both embodiments of the cover 5, however, the Suspended matter and small parts carried by the flow into the area between the lamellae 2 and can collect in the area of the channel bottom 41 below the lower ends 25 of the movable lamellae 23.

In the embodiment of Figure 1, the area below the cover 5 is formed as a collecting space 51, in which the said substances, for. B. can deposit sand or other suspended matter. According to the invention, the cleaning device 6 is arranged in the collecting space 51. The cleaning device 6 essentially consists of a pipeline 61 which carries nozzles 62 in its wall or, in another possible exemplary embodiment, connects nozzles 62 which are arranged fixedly to one another. The pipeline 61 of FIG. 1 has nozzles 62 at regular intervals, so that over the entire width of the device 1 the area of the lower ends 25 of the movable fins 23 is acted upon by a pressurized medium flowing out of the nozzles 62 and can thus be removed ,

The pipeline 61 is connected via a connecting pipe 63 to a pump 81 which, for example, supplies the cleaning device 6 with process water which is under high pressure due to the pumping action. The nozzles 62 are adjusted in relation to the channel base 41 so that the emerging cleaning medium can fluidize or flush away the sand or other deposits located on the channel base 41, in the region of the lower ends 25 of the movable slats 23. Disposal via flow S is then continued in flow direction S after device 1. The cleaning effect of the nozzles 62 is further assisted by the force of gravity due to the bottom 42 of the channel which extends essentially inclined in the area below the cover 5 in the embodiment of FIG.

The cover 5 is provided in the area of the slats 2 with slots 52 (see also FIG. 2). In the slots 52, both the fixed layers mellen 22 and the movable slats 23 out. For the movable slats, the side walls of the slots 52 form a guide transverse to the flow S, while the fixed slats 22 are also guided and held in the longitudinal direction, ie in the direction of the flow S and in the opposite direction, by the slots 52.

Figure 2 shows a plan view of the device of Figure 1, but without the slats 2. The cover 5 has two inspection openings 53, under each of which a pipe 61 can be seen in dashed lines. In this exemplary embodiment, the cleaning device 6 is divided into two halves, each of which is connected to a connection pipe 63, as described above, to a pressure medium source or here to a pump 81. The cover 5, viewed in the direction of flow S, has, after the cleaning device 6, a number of slots 52 in which the slats 2, not shown, engage and are guided. The slots 52, viewed in the direction of flow S, are of different lengths, the shorter ones guiding the fixed lamellae 22 (see FIG. 1) and the longer slots 52 holding the movable lamellae 23. Nozzles 62 are arranged over the length of the pipeline 61, which essentially in the representation of FIG. 2 seem to be directed towards the slots 52. As described in FIG. 1, the nozzles 62 are supplied with a pressurized medium, here pressurized water, via the pipeline 61, so that a sharp water jet emerges from the nozzles 62 and swirls up and removes the deposits underneath the slots 52 , The distance between two adjacent nozzles 62 in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 is between approximately 100 mm and 400 mm. The nozzles 62 are inclined in the direction of the channel in relation to the sole 42 of the channel which extends after the cleaning device, so that the water jet emerging from the nozzles 62 hits the channel sole 41 at an angle. The nozzles 62 are drilled in the pipeline 61, for example. In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1, the exit angle from the nozzles is inclined by approximately 15 ° in relation to the sole 42 of the channel 4. A big- re or smaller inclination may be appropriate depending on the deposited material or the distance between the cleaning device and the lower end 25 of the slats.

Special stainless steel has proven to be a suitable material for the device 1, but individual parts of the device 1 can also consist, for example, of a plastic. In particular, the slots 52 for the movable lamellae 22 can be understood, for example, with a low-friction material, or the cover 5 in the area of the lamellae 2 can consist entirely of a plastic that can work with the movable lamellae with particularly little friction and with little wear.

FIG. 2 also schematically shows a pump 81 which supplies the pipeline 61 of the cleaning device 6 with pressurized water via the connecting pipe 63. The pump 81 and thus the cleaning device 6 itself are controlled via the control device 8. This is connected to the pump 81 via electrical lines 82. The control device 8 in turn is either caused by an operator to control the pump 81 or works automatically, for example by means of a time control, in order to remove deposits of suspended matter from the device at regular intervals. It is also conceivable in another embodiment that the control device receives signals from sensors that measure the flow of the liquid or from those that directly recognize the amount of deposits or the influences that the deposits have on the drive of the device.

FIG. 3 shows a device 1 according to the invention, similar to that of FIG. 1, but with a differently designed cover 5. In addition, the guide of the movable slats 23 does not directly take over the cover 5, but rather a doubling 26 arranged in the lower region of the fixed slats , the left and right of the fixed slats 22 (not shown in Figure 3) are arranged. The thickness (extension of the doubling transversely to the flow S) determines the distance between a fixed lamella 22 and a movable lamella 23. The fixed lamellas 22 are held in the cutouts 52 of the cover 5 by the doubling 26 (see FIG. 4). This results in an increased stability of the fixed slats across the flow S.

The cover 5 in FIG. 3 has an elastic sealing lip 53, which is viewed in the direction of the flow S, at least partially extends beyond the doublings 26, so that the passage of suspended matter between the fixed slats is at least partially covered even when the movable ones Lamellae have taken a position that is the furthest away from the cleaning device 6 when viewed in the flow direction S. When moving towards the cleaning device 6 and vertically upwards, the elastic lip 53 is able to be pushed away from the steps of the movable slats, so that their passage upwards between the fixed slats is possible without hindrance. The sealing lip 53 is made of a rubber-like material or some other elastic material, preferably neoprene. It is attached to the cover 5 by appropriate means. The cleaning device 6 of FIG. 3 is designed in accordance with that of FIGS. 1 and 2 and also has nozzles 62 which direct a cleaning jet under the lower ends 25 of the movable slats 23 in order to remove suspended matter deposited there. The pipeline 61 is also connected to a connecting pipe 63 with a pump (not shown).

The movable lamella 23 shown is provided on the side facing the cleaning device 6 below its lowermost step 240 with a toothing 7 similar to a saw which is able to move the area between two doublings 26 when the movable lamella 23 moves vertically upwards to get rid of dirt or stones stuck in it. Such toothing of the movable slats can also be used advantageously in a step rake, where the movable slats are guided by a cover, as shown in FIG. 2. A movable lamella 23, as is used, for example, in the case of a cover with slots, as in FIG. 2, then advantageously also has teeth 7 on the downstream side, but with teeth arranged in reverse, so that the cleaning action takes place during the downward movement.

FIG. 4 shows the top view of the front part 55 of the cover 5 from FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the cutouts 52 accommodate the doublings 26 which are attached to the fixed slats. The cover 5 thus simultaneously forms a guide for stabilizing the fixed slats 22. Via their doublings 26, these take over lateral guidance for the movable slats 23.

FIG. 5 shows a device 1 according to the invention mounted behind a base step 99 of a channel. This arrangement of device 1 in a recess or after a jump into the channel bottom advantageously means that debris, stones and sand are conveyed directly to the first step are or the rake flowed so that substances that are larger than the respective gap width of the rake can be transported out of the waste water. In particular, this arrangement of the device according to the invention ensures a particularly safe and reliable function of the device and a removal of the substances to be removed.

Claims

Patent claims 1.Device for separating and removing material to be separated from a flowing liquid, for example wastewater, in the form of a rake which consists of movable and fixed slats and is immersed in the liquid, the slats being provided with steps on their side against which the liquid flows and between the Slats there is a gap for the passage of liquid, the movable slats moving through their movement with at least one component of movement in the longitudinal direction of the fixed slats to transport the waste material from step to step of the fixed slats in order to be in the area of the upper ends of the slats to hand over a means of conveyance for removal and the lower ends of the slats are arranged in the region of a channel bottom or a body of water, and with a cover upstream of the flow for the region of the lower ends of the slats, characterized by the fact that b the cover (5) is a collecting space (51) for Sink material is provided, in which a cleaning device (6) for removing the sink material is arranged. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cleaning device (6) has a pipe (61) with at least one nozzle (62) for the discharge of a pressurized cleaning liquid or a pressurized cleaning gas. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one nozzle (62) of the cleaning device (6) has a nozzle opening for a cleaning jet which directs the cleaning liquid or the cleaning gas at least approximately parallel to the bottom of the collecting space (51). 4. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cleaning device (6) is connected to a control device (8) for controlling the cleaning device (6). 5. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cleaning device (6) has a connecting tube (63) which connects the nozzles (62) with a pressurized liquid or gas. 6. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the control device (8) controls a pump (81) which has an inlet for the cleaning liquid and with its outlet side to the pipeline (61) is connected. 7. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the cleaning device (6) in the flow direction (S) is arranged upstream of the fins (2). 8. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cover (5) on the slats (2, 22, 23) facing side with recesses (52) is provided for guiding the movable or fixed slats (2). 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the recesses (52) of the cover (5) receive at least half of the fixed slats (2, 22, 23) in the direction of flow (S) of the liquid. 10. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the cover (5) in the flow direction (S) of the liquid viewed up to behind the fixed or movable slats (2, 22, 23) extends 11. The device according to one or more of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the cover (5) is provided with recesses (52) which, in particular transversely, for the fixed and / or movable slats (2, 22, 23) form a guide to the direction of movement of the liquid. 12. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the width of the fixed slats (22) in the region of the recesses (52) of the cover (5) or below the cover (5) is widened by a doubling , 13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the doubling into the recess (52) of the cover (5) engages. 14. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the cover (5) on the side facing the slats (2, 22, 23) has an elastic sealing lip (53). 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the elastic sealing lip (53) at least partially covers the recesses (52) or the area between two doublings (26). 16. The device according to one or more of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the doubling (26) transverse to the direction of flow (S) of the liquid has an expansion in the vertical direction which is smaller than the distance between two steps (24) Slats (2, 22, 23) to each other in the vertical direction. 17. The device according to one or more of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the doubling (26) has an expansion in the direction of the flowing liquid, which corresponds to the size of the movement component of the movable slats (23) running in this direction.