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WO2001028733A1 - Procede de production d'elements metalliques, notamment d'inserts d'outils - Google Patents

Procede de production d'elements metalliques, notamment d'inserts d'outils Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001028733A1
WO2001028733A1 PCT/DE2000/003723 DE0003723W WO0128733A1 WO 2001028733 A1 WO2001028733 A1 WO 2001028733A1 DE 0003723 W DE0003723 W DE 0003723W WO 0128733 A1 WO0128733 A1 WO 0128733A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
modules
laser sintering
produced
component
base body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE2000/003723
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Holger LÖFFLER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of WO2001028733A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001028733A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/30—Mounting, exchanging or centering
    • B29C33/306—Exchangeable mould parts, e.g. cassette moulds, mould inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/44—Radiation means characterised by the configuration of the radiation means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/49—Scanners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/006—Pressing and sintering powders, granules or fibres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing metallic components according to the preamble of the main claim and the use of these components.
  • the production of components using rapid prototyping enables the direct construction of a model from a 3D CAD data model. These processes are mostly designed for processing plastics.
  • the process of selective laser sintering has been developed for the production of metallic workpieces.
  • a metal powder is applied in layers according to a controlled model template and locally sintered by a laser beam and connected to the previous layer. For this purpose, the focused beam is scanned by the scanning unit over the areas to be exposed.
  • laser sintering is also used for the production of tools for injection molding and die casting (rapid tooling).
  • the low build-up rate of the components produced in the laser sintering process means that large-sized components cannot be manufactured economically.
  • this method is limited to workpieces with a small volume. After local heating of the powder by absorption of part of the laser radiation, it cools down again. there volume contraction occurs which leads to tensile stresses in the respective layer. With increasing component height, these tensions add up and the workpiece deforms.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method which also enables large-scale components to be produced economically.
  • a component is then manufactured in such a way that the component designed in a CAD system is first broken down into individual modules and these modules are manufactured in such a way that a base body is first produced and arranged in a laser sintering system and that a body is located on one or more surfaces of the base body , which results from the difference between the base body and the final module shape, is built up successively from a powder material by laser sintering process, so that after the laser sintering process is completed, a module having the final shape is created and that the modules produced in this way are assembled into one component.
  • the base body consists of solid material.
  • the modules produced according to this process are used as modules for tool inserts that are used in a production tool.
  • Manufacturing tools manufactured in this way can be used in particular for plastic injection molding, die casting, hot compaction, the forging process and sheet metal forming.
  • the connection is, for example, a screw connection.
  • the modules can also be installed in a production tool for use with tools.
  • Fig.l Schematic representation of the process of building a module
  • Fig.2 Cross section through a component to be manufactured
  • Fig. 3 Representation of the assembly process of the modules for the component according to Fig. 2
  • FIG. 4 Representation of a modular tool insert
  • laser sintering systems are used to carry out the process. These have a laser, usually a C0 2 or Nd: YAG laser, an optical device with a focusing lens, a PC-controlled galvanometer scanner for deflecting the laser beam, a construction platform on which the laser beam sintered parts are generated and a dosing and coating unit.
  • the process of the laser sintering process is as follows: a thin layer of powder is applied to a work surface and then exposed to a laser beam in accordance with the cutting plane of the component geometry. A three-dimensional body is built up layer by layer. For this purpose, the bodies constructed in a CAD system must first be converted into the STL data format via an interface. The bodies are described here by triangulated surfaces.
  • This 3D data is then broken down into layers for each height of the component. Typical layer heights are 0.05 mm - 0.2 mm.
  • a thin layer of powder is first distributed over a platform by a scraper.
  • the focused laser beam with a diameter of 0.2 - 0.5 mm illuminates Then the contour of the body and then with a filling algorithm trace the volume of the part.
  • the powder particles are melted or melted locally and, depending on the energy supplied, form a structure with a maximum porosity of 40% up to complete compaction. Due to the relatively high scanning speeds compared to the beam diameter, the duration of the local heat supply is only in the range of a few milliseconds.
  • the heat transport within the layer takes place through radiation, convection and heat conduction.
  • the heat transfer properties of both the powder and the atmosphere influence the formation of the temperature profile.
  • the minimum wall thickness is slightly larger than the focus diameter, since the areas in the immediate vicinity of the laser beam are also heated above the activation limit by heat conduction.
  • Fig.l the process of building a laser sintered body 1, 2 on a base body 3, 4 is shown schematically.
  • the basic bodies 3, 4 are prefabricated in series by milling in various sizes. In this way, they can be manufactured cost-effectively with high precision, since only a small machining volume is required.
  • the designer selects the most suitable sizes from the range of available basic bodies and fits them into the required CAD geometry, which is based on the tool to be manufactured.
  • the structure 1, 2 to be applied by laser sintering is determined.
  • the data are processed in terms of production technology and the base bodies 3, 4 are then placed on the construction platform 5 of the laser intersystem.
  • the building process is started and the geometry resulting from the later module contour is generated by laser sintering.
  • each module 7, 8, 9 consists of a base body 7a, 8a, 9a and a body 7b, 8b, 9b built thereon in the laser sintering process.
  • the bodies 7b, 8b, 9b result, as already described above, from the difference between the module contour 7,8,9 and the base body 7a, 8a, 9a.
  • the surfaces of the modules 7, 8, 9 thus produced are finished after the laser sintering process.
  • the modules 7, 8, 9 are preferably used for a plastic die or injection molding tool insert 10, as shown in FIG.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de produire des éléments métalliques, notamment des inserts d'outils. Un élément (6) mis au point dans un système de CAO est décomposé en modules individuels (7, 8, 9) et ces modules sont produits de manière à donner d'abord lieu à un corps de base (7a, 8a, 9a) et à le placer dans une installation de frittage par laser, puis à produire successivement sur ledit corps de base (7a, 8a, 9a), un corps (7b, 8b, 9b) résultant de la différence entre le corps de base (7a, 8a, 9a) et la forme des modules (7, 8, 9), à partir de matière pulvérulente, par frittage par laser. Une fois le processus de frittage par laser terminé, on obtient un module (7, 8, 9) présentant une forme finale. Les modules (7, 8, 9) ainsi produits sont assemblés en un élément (6).
PCT/DE2000/003723 1999-10-19 2000-10-19 Procede de production d'elements metalliques, notamment d'inserts d'outils Ceased WO2001028733A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19950376.1 1999-10-19
DE19950376 1999-10-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001028733A1 true WO2001028733A1 (fr) 2001-04-26

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PCT/DE2000/003723 Ceased WO2001028733A1 (fr) 1999-10-19 2000-10-19 Procede de production d'elements metalliques, notamment d'inserts d'outils

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE10051893C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001028733A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006002137A3 (fr) * 2004-06-22 2006-05-18 Boeing Co Conception commune pour des détails larges de sls
WO2006007457A3 (fr) * 2004-06-23 2006-08-31 Boeing Co Frittage selectif par laser (sls) pour outillage
GB2453132A (en) * 2007-09-26 2009-04-01 Materials Solutions Method of forming an Article
CN104226988A (zh) * 2014-08-25 2014-12-24 深圳光韵达光电科技股份有限公司 一种大尺寸零部件的3d打印制造方法
WO2017049156A1 (fr) * 2015-09-16 2017-03-23 Applied Materials, Inc. Fabrication de plaque de base, fabrication d'enceinte et fabrication de montants de support dans une fabrication additive
CN107160104A (zh) * 2017-06-05 2017-09-15 哈尔滨工程大学 一种用3d打印加工船模的方法
CN107584117A (zh) * 2017-08-30 2018-01-16 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 一种基于离散制造技术制备金属制件的方法
US10625338B2 (en) 2015-07-17 2020-04-21 Applied Materials, Inc. Method for forming brace structures for additive manufacturing
US20220168106A1 (en) * 2019-04-11 2022-06-02 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Medical devices and methods for forming medical devices containing a build plate

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI116549B (fi) * 2003-04-15 2005-12-15 Kimmo Jokelainen Menetelmä 3D-piirijärjestelyn aikaansaamiseksi ja menetelmällä valmistettu komponentti
DE102008012064B4 (de) * 2008-02-29 2015-07-09 Cl Schutzrechtsverwaltungs Gmbh Verfahren sowie Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines mittels eines Hybridverfahrens hergestellten Hybridformteils und nach dem Verfahren hergestelltes Hybridformteil
DE102008012063B4 (de) * 2008-02-29 2016-01-07 Cl Schutzrechtsverwaltungs Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Hybridformteils
DE202008014466U1 (de) * 2008-10-30 2010-03-18 Scholl, Hans, Dipl.-Ing. Vorrichtung für Werkstücke aus biegeschlaffen Werkstoffen zum Ausrichten, Wölben, Spannen, Falten und Transportieren
US8513562B2 (en) 2011-07-07 2013-08-20 Lockheed Martin Corporation Method and system for hybrid direct manufacturing
DE102012008369A1 (de) * 2012-04-25 2013-10-31 Airbus Operations Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines fluidführenden Bauteils durch schichtweisen Aufbau
DE102015218755A1 (de) 2015-09-29 2017-03-30 Ksb Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils
DE102017201035A1 (de) 2017-01-23 2018-07-26 Bruker Eas Gmbh Verfahren zur Fertigung einer zumindest zweiteiligen Struktur, insbesondere eines Halbzeugs für einen Supraleiterdraht
US10610917B2 (en) 2017-03-23 2020-04-07 Ford Motor Company 3D-printed conformal cooling for hot stamping casted die inserts
DE102017118960B4 (de) * 2017-08-18 2019-07-11 Werkzeugbau Siegfried Hofmann Gmbh Schäumwerkzeug
DE102017219718A1 (de) * 2017-11-07 2019-05-09 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils und Bauteil
DE102018200508A1 (de) * 2018-01-12 2019-07-18 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zum Metallpulverspritzgießen

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5173220A (en) * 1991-04-26 1992-12-22 Motorola, Inc. Method of manufacturing a three-dimensional plastic article
DE19649865C1 (de) * 1996-12-02 1998-02-12 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formkörpers

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5173220A (en) * 1991-04-26 1992-12-22 Motorola, Inc. Method of manufacturing a three-dimensional plastic article
DE19649865C1 (de) * 1996-12-02 1998-02-12 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formkörpers

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006002137A3 (fr) * 2004-06-22 2006-05-18 Boeing Co Conception commune pour des détails larges de sls
WO2006007457A3 (fr) * 2004-06-23 2006-08-31 Boeing Co Frittage selectif par laser (sls) pour outillage
GB2453132A (en) * 2007-09-26 2009-04-01 Materials Solutions Method of forming an Article
CN104226988A (zh) * 2014-08-25 2014-12-24 深圳光韵达光电科技股份有限公司 一种大尺寸零部件的3d打印制造方法
US10625338B2 (en) 2015-07-17 2020-04-21 Applied Materials, Inc. Method for forming brace structures for additive manufacturing
WO2017049156A1 (fr) * 2015-09-16 2017-03-23 Applied Materials, Inc. Fabrication de plaque de base, fabrication d'enceinte et fabrication de montants de support dans une fabrication additive
CN107160104A (zh) * 2017-06-05 2017-09-15 哈尔滨工程大学 一种用3d打印加工船模的方法
CN107584117A (zh) * 2017-08-30 2018-01-16 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 一种基于离散制造技术制备金属制件的方法
US20220168106A1 (en) * 2019-04-11 2022-06-02 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Medical devices and methods for forming medical devices containing a build plate
US12220863B2 (en) * 2019-04-11 2025-02-11 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Medical devices and methods for forming medical devices containing a build plate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10051893C2 (de) 2002-08-08
DE10051893A1 (de) 2001-06-28

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