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WO2001022738A1 - Dispositif avec matrice composee d'elements reglables electriquement destine a creer des points d'image individuels en particuliers d'images couleur bitmap - Google Patents

Dispositif avec matrice composee d'elements reglables electriquement destine a creer des points d'image individuels en particuliers d'images couleur bitmap Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001022738A1
WO2001022738A1 PCT/EP2000/008600 EP0008600W WO0122738A1 WO 2001022738 A1 WO2001022738 A1 WO 2001022738A1 EP 0008600 W EP0008600 W EP 0008600W WO 0122738 A1 WO0122738 A1 WO 0122738A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
matrix
laser
light
laser source
speckle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2000/008600
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Richard Wallenstein
Achim Nebel
Holger Frenzel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Frenzel Brigitte
Frenzel Elisabeth
Original Assignee
Frenzel Brigitte
Frenzel Elisabeth
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Frenzel Brigitte, Frenzel Elisabeth filed Critical Frenzel Brigitte
Publication of WO2001022738A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001022738A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3129—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] scanning a light beam on the display screen

Definitions

  • Device with a matrix of electrically adjustable elements for generating individual pixels, in particular colored bitmap images
  • the invention relates to a device with a matrix of electrically adjustable elements for generating individual pixels of in particular colored bitmap images with a laser source for illuminating the matrix and with optics with which the image set on the matrix of electrically adjustable elements can be projected onto a screen is.
  • LCD matrixes are widely known.
  • DMD matrixes consist of a large number of digitally controllable tilting mirrors arranged in a matrix, which can be switched light or dark with the aid of an electrical voltage.
  • Gray values are represented by the fact that the electrical control takes place with a pulse train, so that the image brightness coming to the respective pixel is set in the time average between zero and one according to the pulse train's pulse duty factor.
  • grating light valves which have recently been developed by Silicon Light in California. Information about this can be queried via the Internet address "http://www.siliconlight.com/frames/press/Pwest.html".
  • These "grating light valves” consist of small, elastic bands coated with aluminum, which can be fastened using a electrostatic voltage can be bent. The electrical adjustment of straight bands and bent bands in periodic order creates a diffraction pattern, on the basis of which the strength of a first-order diffracted beam can be controlled.
  • the beam of the first order is driven in accordance with the light intensity of the outgoing light bundle required for the respective pixel.
  • a projector with LCDs is shown schematically in the product information "Microlaser projector shows its colors" from Laser Power Co.
  • the product information "Microlaser projector shows its colors” from Laser Power Co For this type of projector, three LCD matrixes are used, which are illuminated by three differently colored lasers, the content of which is used to display one the colored image is then combined and thrown onto a screen by a common projection lens, but it is also possible to use a single LCD matrix and to display the three color separations for a color image sequentially on this matrix, the laser power corresponding to the current color
  • Such a technique is known, for example, from illuminating DMD matrices with white light, the individual colors then being generated by a color wheel.
  • WO 98/20385 describes the speckle problem in the case of laser projection with a rastered laser beam in detail.
  • the review article contains theoretical calculations for the reduction of speckle.
  • Various methods are also specified in which the spatial or temporal coherence of laser beams is disturbed.
  • the speckle is blurred due to local or spatial changes in the laser beam, so that the contrast of the speckle is reduced.
  • phase plate is located in the path of the laser and acts on different partial beams of the laser beam with different phases in the order of magnitude of the wavelength.
  • the individual areas on the phase plate for generating the different phase differences are stochastically distributed, so that it should be assumed that the phases of the individual partial light beams are distributed similarly to the light of conventional light sources. It was confirmed experimentally that a clear speckle reduction is possible with such a phase plate.
  • the individual structures in the phase plate which led to a phase shift of a suitable size for a partial beam, give rise to new diffraction phenomena.
  • the light bundle of all diffraction orders must therefore be collimated by a lens, whereby the beam product of the laser light is, however, slightly deteriorated by this diffraction. It was also observed that the grid of the phase plate was recognizable in the projection image, which indicates that despite the phase plate there was possibly still a sufficiently high speckle contrast that can be detected by the eye.
  • WO 96/08116 reports that a much lower speckle contrast was observed with a pulsed laser with a pulse time of 1 ps, ie a coherence length of 0.3 mm, than when the same screen was illuminated with a He-Ne laser , It is not possible to determine a priori whether this observed effect is due to the reduced coherence length or the special structure of the laser. Otherwise, the coherence length is changed by pulsing, each pulse however, so that a suitable luminance can be generated at all, it has a much higher photon density than in continuous operation, so that interference by a large number of photons should even be increased. The only effect that could allow a speckle reduction is due to the larger spectral ⁇ 2 width ⁇ . How to use the well-known equation A ⁇ - - with L the
  • the measurement data according to WO 96/08116 still show a small speckle structure. If the interpretation is correct that the speckle structure depends essentially on the chosen coherence length, one would have to generate a similar speckle image with other light sources, such as a gas discharge lamp with a similar coherence length (1 ps corresponds to L ⁇ 0.3 mm) can. None of this is known.
  • Pulsing is particularly interesting. For example, with a 100 ps laser pulse width, a coherence length of 3 cm is generated. With a corresponding structure, such as given by a Teflon ® screen into which the light penetrates deeply and is reflected back and forth several times, a statistical distribution of the individual light paths that generate a larger mean path length than the coherence length with a suitable choice of material, so that speckles are no longer expected.
  • Such a structure similar to the Teflon® " screen mentioned above, cannot be used in the projectors mentioned at the outset.
  • Such a structure in which, for example, statistical light path differences in the range of centimeters, would have to be inserted between the matrix and the laser. This is technical possible, but would change the angular distribution of the outgoing laser so much that the essential advantage of using lasers over lamps does not come into play at all, because one would like to use lasers for such projectors because they deliver particularly parallel light bundles and it make it possible to achieve a high, uniform, defined luminance on the matrix.
  • Such a structure would have to be inserted between the laser and the matrix in the projectors mentioned at the outset, since the optics essentially project the speckle generated on the matrix onto the screen, so that the coherence and thus the speckle must be reduced before the matrix. Even if the pulse times were shortened to 10 ps or even 1 ps to make the coherence length even smaller, such a structure would probably still expand the beam too far.
  • this process requires longer optical fibers, which may be quickly damaged by the constant rapid movements. Furthermore, these optical fibers have to transport a high laser power for the large projection, so that there is a fear that the downtime due to degradation is short. In addition, mechanically moving parts that would be required to move the optical fiber are prone to malfunction and maintenance.
  • a moving phase plate would have a similar effect.
  • our own experiments with a rotating phase plate in the projectors mentioned above did not show any complete speckle suppression, so it is extremely doubtful whether this method can be improved in such a way that a high-quality speckle-free image is possible.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to reduce the speckle in a device mentioned at the outset, with particular attention being paid to the susceptibility to faults and maintenance.
  • the object is achieved in that the laser source is pulsed with a pulse length ⁇ ⁇ 100 ps, a structure arranged between the laser source and matrix for generating time-independent, statistically distributed different path lengths of the light from the laser source being optionally not required for reducing speckle , which is designed for a mean square deviation from the mean value of the statistical distribution of the path lengths, which is greater than the coherence length c * ⁇ given by the pulsing, with c the speed of light.
  • pulsed lasers are used.
  • Such pulsed lasers are already known from WO 98/20385, but the method described therein requires statistically phase-shifting structures with phase shifts in the order of magnitude of the coherence length.
  • residual speckle can be reduced even further, with extremely short pulses even below the observable limit, if, according to a preferred development of the invention, an element is provided between the laser source and the matrix that has a time-dependent phase shift caused. According to another preferred development of the invention, this is achieved in that the element is a movable, in particular rotating phase plate. As has already been shown, this was completely unexpected, since previous experiments with moving phase plates without pulsed lasers did not show a satisfactory result.
  • the pulse length ⁇ is even less than 10 ps.
  • the matrix contains only a reduced number of elements for one partial image and that the overall image is rasterized from partial images.
  • This preferred development of the invention is therefore characterized in that a raster device is provided with which the matrix for composing an overall image from partial images can be rasterized, the respective partial image being able to be displayed on the matrix synchronously with the rastering.
  • the raster device is, for example, only a simple galvanometer mirror, which rasterizes the image perpendicular to the line direction.
  • the laser source emits light beams of at least three colors.
  • a color separation of a color image is shown with each light beam of a color.
  • the overall picture is then obtained by appropriately combining the three or more color separations on three or more matrices.
  • a single matrix can be used for all color separations which are set sequentially, the lasers of the corresponding color being switched on synchronously with them. The latter must be done quickly enough so that the eye of an observer can coincide with the at least three color separations.
  • the light source contains fewer than three primary lasers and the generation of at least one of the light beams with different colors from the light of the primary laser by at least a non-linear process takes place.
  • the probability of failure is reduced in that the probability of a laser failing is less than that of a plurality of lasers. It goes without saying that, for example, one laser is cheaper than three lasers. However, this method is only possible because the pulse times are very short. With pulses in the picosecond range, non-linear processes with a conversion probability greater than 40% can be implemented. It is only due to the high peak power in the pulses that a particularly effective generation of three laser beams is possible, for example with only one or two primary lasers.
  • the light source has an optical parametric oscillator (OPO).
  • OPO optical parametric oscillator
  • OPO optical-power laser
  • a diode laser is provided in the laser source, which in particular is followed by an amplifier.
  • a preferred development of the invention is accordingly characterized in that at least one light bundle of a predetermined wavelength can be generated by three optical components in series, a high-power laser diode with wavelengths above 800 ⁇ m, an amplifier and a nonlinear crystal for frequency multiplication.
  • Fig. L is a schematic representation for explaining a
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a projector in which a line is illuminated or screened;
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structure for a possible use in the projectors according to FIGS. 1 and 2
  • three lasers 1, 1 ′, 1 ′′ are used for the three primary colors red, green and blue, the laser beam of which is transmitted through a device 2,2 'or 2 "for beam shaping without speckle reduction, as is known from the prior art, is passed.
  • the laser beams are polarized so that they are thrown by the polarization beam splitters 3, 3 'and 3' 'following in the light path of the device 2, 2' or 2 "onto the LCD matrixes 4, 4 'or 4' used in this example
  • the setting of the pixel information takes place via a change in polarization, so that the light beams emanating from the matrices 4, 4 'and 4 "and subjected to image information are transmitted by the polarization beam splitters 3, 3' and 3" and in a special device which here is an X-prism for beam union, but for which dichroic mirrors can also be used.
  • Behind this device 5 there is a superimposition of the color separations set on the LCD matrixes 4,4 'and 4 ".
  • the light bundle coming from the device 5 is then projected onto a screen 7 via projection optics 6.
  • the three lasers 1, 1 'and 1 can also be replaced by the known OPO technology , so that only a single laser is required.
  • a laser which is also suitable for frequency mixing and summing will be described later with reference to FIG. 2 shows that it is also possible to assemble only partial images from matrices.
  • a total light beam is generated from the laser source 10 and expanded as a light beam 12 with the aid of an anamorphic lens system. In the example of FIG.
  • the light beam 12 falls on a matrix 14, which consists of only a single image line and whose pixels modulate with respect to the three primary colors.
  • this matrix 14 can be a line from “grating light valves”.
  • the reflected expanded laser light bundle 12 is again focused on a point 18, which lies on a mirror 20.
  • the mirror becomes, as in the known raster technique
  • Such galvanometer mirrors are known from the prior art.
  • the pixel information thus emerging from the virtual point 18 is then made visible as an image by means of projection optics 6.
  • the laser source 10 used here can be constructed in a wide variety of ways. As an example, three sources can be used, as shown schematically in FIG. 3. On the input side, it consists of a Fabry-Perot diode laser oscillator 22 with active mode coupling. A high-frequency source HF and a direct current source DC are provided for generating the pulse and the power, which are shown schematically in FIG. 3.
  • short light pulses with a duration of less than 10 ps, a repetition frequency of 2 to 6 GHz and an average power of at least 3 watts are generated.
  • the laser oscillator is designed for wavelengths of 920 nm or 1060 nm, so that one can generate output light of 460 nm, blue or 530 nm, green by frequency doubling.
  • Suitable high-power laser diodes for red are on the market, so that the outlay for a laser source for producing the color red can be kept considerably lower than for the source shown in FIG. 3.
  • the details of the structure can be found directly in the schematic illustration in FIG. 3.
  • the average power of 10-100 mW of the oscillator 22 is amplified in the light path with a trapezoidal amplifier 26.
  • a grating 28 for wavelength selection is located in the light path directly behind the oscillator 22.
  • the grating 28 can also be replaced by an optical fiber with a Bragg grating.
  • insulators 30 and 32 The components described above are separated by insulators 30 and 32 to avoid backscattering. Deflection mirrors 34 and 36 are also provided for folding and shortening the light path. With ⁇ / 2 plates 38 and 40 also shown in FIG. 3, the suitable polarization is set at the respective point.
  • the trapezoidal amplifier 26 emits a typical output line of 4 watts in continuous operation. However, the power is somewhat reduced by the transmission of the isolators 30 and 32, although a typical power of approximately 3 watts can still be expected.
  • the amplification of the picosecond pulses does not change the spectrum of the pulses or their pulse length.
  • the maximum pulse peak power is approximately 60 times the input power, so that a peak power of up to 180 watts is available for frequency doubling in the non-linear crystal 24.
  • the amplification of the radiation emerging from the oscillator 22 in a continuously excited semiconductor amplifier is also distinguished from another solution with a single high-power diode laser 22 without an amplifier in that the thermal load of the amplifier 26 is constant and that due to the short light pulses there is no destruction in the
  • the type occurs as it is known in the art as "catastrophical optic damage” (COD), which does not occur with this type of laser with amplifiers even at high powers.
  • the nonlinear crystal 24 is a quasi-phase-matched crystal, the individual structures of which are indicated by hatched areas in FIG. 3. Suitable material for this is, for example, KTP or LiTaO 3 .
  • a KTP crystal is distinguished from LiTaO 3 in that it has a high conversion efficiency comparable to KNbO 3 even at room temperature.
  • the spectral acceptance range of KTP is also approximately 0.2 nm with a crystal length of 1 cm and perfect periodicity of the domain structure (period length 5.7 ⁇ m), which is expedient for efficient conversion in quasi-matched crystals.
  • the acceptance bandwidth corresponds to the bandwidth of the radiation from the oscillator 22 at a pulse length of 5 ps.
  • the power of over one watt that can be generated in this way is sufficient for commercial laser-based devices.
  • the power of the oscillator 22 can be reduced and an amplifier with a higher amplification power 26 can be used.
  • all 3 laser beams can also be generated with a single OPO and various frequency doubling and frequency summing as well as a single input laser source.
  • the number three of the color separations for the display of color images is not limitative. It is also possible to increase the number of colors and thus the color separations in order to produce a higher quality image.
  • the projectors shown can also be kept small enough to be placed in a briefcase, so that it can be expected that such projectors will also be used for presentations at trade fairs.
  • Another arrival The area of application is the replacement of conventional monitors with a correspondingly large screen diagonal with very small projectors for working on the computer.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif comportant une matrice (4, 4', 4'', 14) composée d'éléments réglables électriquement, destiné à créer des points d'image individuels en particuliers d'images couleur bitmap, une source laser (1, 1', 1'', 10) destinée à éclairer la matrice (4, 4', 4'', 14), et un instrument optique (6) permettant de projeter sur un écran (7), l'image réglée sur la matrice (4, 4', 4'', 14) au moyen d'éléments réglables électriquement. Ladite invention se caractérise en ce que la source laser est pulsée à une longueur d'impulsion tau < 100 ps, une structure destinée à produire des chemins optiques de la lumière de la source laser, différents, répartis statistiquement, et indépendants du temps, disposée entre la source laser (1, 1', 1'', 10) et la matrice (4, 4', 4'', 14), n'étant pas nécessaire pour la réduction de Speckle, cette structure étant prévue pour une déviation quadratique moyenne de la valeur moyenne de la répartition statistique des chemins optiques, supérieure à la longueur de cohérence c* tau , où c est la vitesse de la lumière, donnée par l'impulsion.
PCT/EP2000/008600 1999-09-20 2000-09-01 Dispositif avec matrice composee d'elements reglables electriquement destine a creer des points d'image individuels en particuliers d'images couleur bitmap Ceased WO2001022738A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1999145026 DE19945026C2 (de) 1999-09-20 1999-09-20 Vorrichtung mit einer Matrix aus elektrisch einstellbaren Elementen zum Erzeugen einzelner Bildpunkte von insbesondere farbigen Bitmapbildern
DE19945026.9 1999-09-20

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WO2001022738A1 true WO2001022738A1 (fr) 2001-03-29

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PCT/EP2000/008600 Ceased WO2001022738A1 (fr) 1999-09-20 2000-09-01 Dispositif avec matrice composee d'elements reglables electriquement destine a creer des points d'image individuels en particuliers d'images couleur bitmap

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WO (1) WO2001022738A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8279514B2 (en) * 2007-01-24 2012-10-02 Osram Ag Optoelectronic device

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0589179A1 (fr) * 1992-07-29 1994-03-30 Texas Instruments Incorporated Système de visualisation utilisant de la lumière cohérente
WO1995020811A1 (fr) * 1994-01-31 1995-08-03 Sdl, Inc. Systeme d'affichage a eclairage par laser
EP0676902A2 (fr) * 1994-04-04 1995-10-11 Projectavision, Inc. Un système de projection à valve optique à haut rendement
DE19501525C1 (de) * 1995-01-19 1996-04-04 Schneider Rundfunkwerke Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vermindern von Interferenzen eines kohärenten Lichtbündels
US5534950A (en) * 1993-10-04 1996-07-09 Laser Power Corporation High resolution image projection system and method employing lasers
US5704700A (en) * 1994-07-25 1998-01-06 Proxima Corporation Laser illuminated image projection system and method of using same
WO1998020385A1 (fr) * 1996-11-07 1998-05-14 Ldt Gmbh & Co. Laser-Display-Technologie Kg Dispositif comprenant un laser pour la reproduction d'images

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4432029C2 (de) * 1994-09-08 1997-08-21 Ldt Gmbh & Co Lasergestützte Farbbildanzeige- und Projektionsvorrichtung

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0589179A1 (fr) * 1992-07-29 1994-03-30 Texas Instruments Incorporated Système de visualisation utilisant de la lumière cohérente
US5534950A (en) * 1993-10-04 1996-07-09 Laser Power Corporation High resolution image projection system and method employing lasers
WO1995020811A1 (fr) * 1994-01-31 1995-08-03 Sdl, Inc. Systeme d'affichage a eclairage par laser
EP0676902A2 (fr) * 1994-04-04 1995-10-11 Projectavision, Inc. Un système de projection à valve optique à haut rendement
US5704700A (en) * 1994-07-25 1998-01-06 Proxima Corporation Laser illuminated image projection system and method of using same
DE19501525C1 (de) * 1995-01-19 1996-04-04 Schneider Rundfunkwerke Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vermindern von Interferenzen eines kohärenten Lichtbündels
WO1998020385A1 (fr) * 1996-11-07 1998-05-14 Ldt Gmbh & Co. Laser-Display-Technologie Kg Dispositif comprenant un laser pour la reproduction d'images

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DE19945026A1 (de) 2001-04-19
DE19945026C2 (de) 2002-03-07

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