WO2001011255A1 - Improved variable operation shock-absorber - Google Patents
Improved variable operation shock-absorber Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001011255A1 WO2001011255A1 PCT/ES1999/000251 ES9900251W WO0111255A1 WO 2001011255 A1 WO2001011255 A1 WO 2001011255A1 ES 9900251 W ES9900251 W ES 9900251W WO 0111255 A1 WO0111255 A1 WO 0111255A1
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- valve
- chamber
- piston
- valve body
- spring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/44—Means on or in the damper for manual or non-automatic adjustment; such means combined with temperature correction
- F16F9/46—Means on or in the damper for manual or non-automatic adjustment; such means combined with temperature correction allowing control from a distance, i.e. location of means for control input being remote from site of valves, e.g. on damper external wall
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a variable speed damper, which has been perfected in certain structural components thereof, specifically in a valve element whereby the stiffness of the shock absorber itself is varied.
- the hydraulic dampers of variable characteristic or regime that are mounted on motor vehicles and the like are intended to partially offset the "jumps" that occur in the face of the prominences and / or potholes that the surface on which a vehicle rolls.
- irregularities that, due to a defect in performance or due to deterioration in the ground (road, road, roads, etc.) are counteracted by the shock absorbers that the vehicles incorporate to achieve comfort and comfort for the occupants.
- numerous types of shock absorbers are known that are applicable to vehicles depending on the use or circulation characteristics for which it has been provided.
- variable shock absorber electrically controlled and intended for application in automotive vehicles.
- Said shock absorber is constituted from a cylindrical housing with one of its ends intended to be fixed, by means of the corresponding support or suitable means, to the wheel of the vehicle, while the other end is intended to be fixed to the body.
- Inside that shock absorber housing there is an axial and concentric cylinder, which at one end is closed by a relief valve element capable of communicating the determined perimeter chamber between that cylinder and the housing, with the chamber determined between said body valve and a sliding piston inside the cylinder, the opposite end of it being provided with a closing element.
- the sliding piston inside the cylinder is linked, at its opposite end to that of the aforementioned pressure relief valve, to a hollow rod that at its opposite end is linked to the corresponding means of fixing the shock absorber assembly to the housing or body of the vehicle, with the particularity that the chamber determined between the sliding piston and the relief valve is called the compression chamber, while the chamber determined between said sliding piston and the closed end of the cylinder is called the extension chamber, both being occupied by hydraulic fluid (usually oil).
- the piston is affected by a series of ducts that connect the two referred chambers, and whose ducts are associated with valves that allow the passage of oil in a single direction for each group of ducts; that is, some allow the passage of oil from the compression chamber to the extension chamber, and the others allow the oil to pass in the opposite direction, that is, from the extension chamber to the compression chamber, so that in each In case the closure of one of the ends of these ducts is determined by a spring valve.
- the pressure relief valve established at the lower end of the axially mounted cylinder and concentrically in the shock absorber housing it is bidirectional, that is, it allows the passage of oil from the so-called compression chamber to the determined annular and external chamber between the cylinder and the housing, a chamber that will be referred to as "compensation", so that depending on the position of the sliding piston, the oil will pass from the compression chamber to the compensation chamber or vice versa.
- the shock absorber works in such a way that when the vehicle encounters a bump or a bump on the road surface, displacement in one or the other direction of the piston will occur and therefore the reduction of the compression chamber volume and thereby increasing the extension chamber and vice versa, then producing the proper passage from one to the other through the piston holes, as well as the passage of oil from the compression chamber to the compensation chamber or vice versa.
- the aforementioned shock absorber also includes a valve that allows the rigidity of the shock absorber itself to be changed, thus adapting to the variable conditions of the road and to the different driving styles, said valve being electrically commanded through a solenoid that allows the expansion chamber so as to be able to vary proportionally the properties of the suspension, providing that in the axial cylinder to which the sliding piston is associated is hollow to incorporate inside a double body formed by two hollow and concentric cylinders , the inside of which is fixed by one of its ends to the pressure relief valve itself, while the other end is inside the outermost cylinder and associated with the solenoid valve itself, whose action allows carrying out the communication of the chamber established between the external cylindrical body of the two referred to lastly and the hollow rod in which it is axially and concentrically housed therein, with the outlet chamber established precisely in the two concentric cylindrical bodies, allowing the passage of fluid from the extension chamber to the compensation chamber, being able to vary in this way the rigidity of the shock absorber, since the actuation of the said solenoi
- the valve assembly is constituted from a cylindrical body, around which a solenoid coil is arranged, while internally it incorporates a sliding piston that, depending on the position it occupies, seals or releases the communication between the extension chamber and the chamber of compensation.
- the valve body is constituted by two parts or pieces separated by an air gap so that the magnetic field lines are prevented from circulating through the valve body, closing through the sliding piston and causing, due to the magnetic induction force , the movement of the same to release the said communication between the aforementioned cameras.
- variable speed damper that is recommended is based precisely on that described in European patent 0297194 referred to in the previous section, presenting as a fundamental novelty the incorporation of a new type of solenoid valve and associated elements thereof, not only to achieve an optimum efficiency in its functionality, but to achieve an easier manufacture of the valve assembly, resulting in a reduction of its price.
- One of the improvements object of the invention relates to the configuration of the valve body and, in particular, to said valve body It consists of a single piece obtained from a cylindrical bushing on which a wedge notch is made that determines a radial groove, of truncated conical section, whose interior is filled, by welding with contribution, with an non-magnetic material, proceeding next to the machining of the internal and external surface of said valve body.
- This embodiment of the valve body ensures a good dimensional control of the same and its obtaining in a simple and cheap way.
- Figure 1 shows a longitudinal sectional representation of the shock absorber made in accordance with the object of the invention.
- Figure 2. Shows an enlarged view of the assembly that constitutes the solenoid valve as a novel element of the invention.
- Figure 3. Shows a schematic representation of the way of obtaining the valve body according to the object of the present invention.
- variable speed damper in which the improvements object of the invention are applied, is constituted from a cylindrical housing (1), which at one of its ends has the appropriate means ( 2) for fixing, through a support or any other conventional system, to the wheel of a vehicle, while at the opposite end it has means (3) for fixing to the body of the same vehicle.
- a pressure relief valve (5) is established, while the opposite end is closed by a body (6) provided in the same extreme and opposite area of the housing (1).
- a hollow rod (7) Inside the cylinder (4), a hollow rod (7), with one of its ends associated with a sliding piston (8) inside the cylindrical body (4), piston (8) ) which establishes in said body (4) two chambers (9) and (10), the first one called compression and the second extension.
- the sliding piston (8) is linked to the hollow rod (7) by an intermediate body (11).
- the compression (9) and extension chambers (10) are filled with oil and are capable of communicating through hole groups (12) and (12 '), so that the first group of holes (12) allows one-way flow of the fluid or oil, specifically from the extension chamber to the compression chamber (9), while through the holes (12 1 ) both chambers can communicate, but only in the direction from the compression chamber (9) to the extension chamber (10), those groups of holes (12) and (12 ') being closed at one end and opened by the opposite, by means of respective valves, constituted in each case by a plate (13) or (13 ') and a spring or spring (14) or (14').
- the pressure relief valve (5) it is designed to be able to communicate the compression chamber (9) and the chamber (15) called compensation, and established between the cylinder (4) and the housing (1 ) of the damper, so that said chamber (15) contains a part of fluid hydraulic or oil, while the rest is occupied by air or gas at a pressure equal to or greater than atmospheric in order to compensate for variations in the volume of the compression chamber (9) during the operation of the shock absorber.
- holes (16) are provided that are closed by means of a plate (17) against which a spring (18) pushes, allowing communication in both directions between the said compression chamber ( 9) and the clearing house (15).
- the operation of the shock absorber is as follows:
- this pressure difference causes the oil to flow between the compression chamber (9) and the compensation chamber (15) itself, through the holes (16) established for this purpose in the relief and pressure valve (5).
- the shock absorber described also includes, axially and concentrically, a pair of cylinders (19) and (20), the latter in solidarity, through a bushing (21), to the body of the pressure relief valve (5), while the external cylinder (19) is connected at the opposite end to the solenoid valve assembly incorporating said damper, it being provided that those cylinders (19) and ( 20) establish an outlet chamber (22) while between the hollow rod (7) and the end cylinder (19) of the two referred to, an annular compensation chamber (23) is established, both chambers (22) (23) being related through a radial hole (34) provided in the valve body (24).
- the solenoid valve intended to be able to change the stiffness of the shock absorber, is usually constituted from a valve body (24) formed by two pieces separated by an air gap on which the coil (25) is wound, being arranged internally to the valve body (24) a piston (26) that can move inside the valve body (24) in response to the activation of the solenoid coil (25) since the air gap prevents the circulation of the magnetic current through the valve body.
- the displacement of piston (26) causes the communication conduit (34) to open or close, a piston that is required to the hole closed position (34) by means of a spring (28).
- the stiffness of the shock absorber can be varied, the described solenoid valve being provided to discharge part of the volume of the extension chamber (10) to the compensation chamber (15), through the cylindrical bodies (19) and (20), so that the actuation of such solenoid valve empties part of the chamber volume (23) towards the compensation chamber (15), reducing the pressure difference in the hollow rod (7) and as a consequence, the Fluid flow through said piston will be less, the dissipation of energy by viscous friction through such a hollow rod (7) being equally less, whereby the stiffness of the shock absorber is reduced, both in compression and in extension.
- valve body is constituted by a single piece obtained from a sleeve (24) in which an annular wedge notch is made, determining a groove Trapezoidal section, which is filled, by welding with input, with an non-magnetic material (27), then machining the internal and external surfaces of the valve body (24), so that this non-magnetic material (27) acts as an air gap preventing the circulation of the magnetic current through the valve body (24).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
AMORTIGUADOR DE RÉGIMEN VARIABLE PERFECCIONADO PERFECTED VARIABLE REGIME SHOCK ABSORBER
D S C R I P C I Ó ND S C R I P C I Ó N
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNOBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se refiere a un amortiguador de régimen variable, el cual ha sido perfeccionado en determinados componentes estructurales del mismo, concretamente en un elemento valvular mediante el que se consigue variar la rigidez del propio amortiguador.The present invention relates to a variable speed damper, which has been perfected in certain structural components thereof, specifically in a valve element whereby the stiffness of the shock absorber itself is varied.
Es objeto de la invención proporcionar un amortiguador aplicable en el campo de la automoción, concretamente en los vehículos automóviles, que está basado en un tipo concreto de amortiguador hidráulico, pero que incorpora unas innovaciones en la configuración y fabricación del elemento valvular que permiten garantizar un buen control dimensional del conjunto valvular a un bajo coste.It is an object of the invention to provide a shock absorber applicable in the automotive field, specifically in motor vehicles, which is based on a specific type of hydraulic shock absorber, but which incorporates innovations in the configuration and manufacture of the valve element that allow to guarantee a Good dimensional control of the valve assembly at a low cost.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Los amortiguadores hidráulicos de característica o régimen variable que se montan en los vehículos automóviles y similares, están previstos para contrarrestar en parte los "saltos" que se producen ante las prominencias y/o baches que presenta la superficie sobre la que rueda un vehículo. Es decir, las irregularidades que por defecto de realización o por deterioros producidos en el suelo (calzada, carretera, caminos, etc.), son contrarrestadas por los amortiguadores que incorporan los vehículos para conseguir un confort y comodidad de los ocupantes. Evidentemente, se conocen numerosos tipos de amortiguadores que son apücables a los vehículos dependiendo del uso o características de circulación para las que ha sido previsto el mismo.The hydraulic dampers of variable characteristic or regime that are mounted on motor vehicles and the like, are intended to partially offset the "jumps" that occur in the face of the prominences and / or potholes that the surface on which a vehicle rolls. In other words, irregularities that, due to a defect in performance or due to deterioration in the ground (road, road, roads, etc.), are counteracted by the shock absorbers that the vehicles incorporate to achieve comfort and comfort for the occupants. Obviously, numerous types of shock absorbers are known that are applicable to vehicles depending on the use or circulation characteristics for which it has been provided.
En cualquier caso, en la patente europea del mismo titular con número de publicación 0297194, se describe un amortiguador de característica variable, controlado eléctricamente y previsto para su aplicación en vehículos de automoción.In any case, in the European patent of the same owner with publication number 0297194, a variable shock absorber, electrically controlled and intended for application in automotive vehicles, is described.
Dicho amortiguador está constituido a partir de una carcasa cilindrica con uno de sus extremos previsto para fijarse, mediante el correspondiente soporte o medios adecuados, a la rueda del vehículo, mientras que el otro extremo está previsto para fijarse a la carrocería. En el interior de esa carcasa del amortiguador va dispuesto un cilindro axial y concéntrico, que por un extremo está cerrado mediante un elemento de válvula de desahogo susceptible de comunicar la cámara perimetral determinada entre ese cilindro y la carcasa, con la cámara determinada entre dicho cuerpo valvular y un pistón deslizante en el interior del cilindro, estando el extremo opuesto de éste dotado de un elemento de cierre.Said shock absorber is constituted from a cylindrical housing with one of its ends intended to be fixed, by means of the corresponding support or suitable means, to the wheel of the vehicle, while the other end is intended to be fixed to the body. Inside that shock absorber housing there is an axial and concentric cylinder, which at one end is closed by a relief valve element capable of communicating the determined perimeter chamber between that cylinder and the housing, with the chamber determined between said body valve and a sliding piston inside the cylinder, the opposite end of it being provided with a closing element.
El pistón deslizante en el interior del cilindro está vinculado, por su extremo opuesto al de la comentada válvula de desahogo de presión, a un vastago hueco que por su extremo opuesto está vinculado a los correspondientes medios de fijación del conjunto del amortiguador a la carcasa o carrocería del vehículo, con la particularidad de que la cámara determinada entre el pistón deslizante y la válvula de desahogo se denomina cámara de compresión, mientras que la cámara determinada entre dicho pistón deslizante y el extremo cerrado del cilindro se denomina cámara de extensión, estando ambas ocupadas por el fluido hidráulico (normalmente aceite).The sliding piston inside the cylinder is linked, at its opposite end to that of the aforementioned pressure relief valve, to a hollow rod that at its opposite end is linked to the corresponding means of fixing the shock absorber assembly to the housing or body of the vehicle, with the particularity that the chamber determined between the sliding piston and the relief valve is called the compression chamber, while the chamber determined between said sliding piston and the closed end of the cylinder is called the extension chamber, both being occupied by hydraulic fluid (usually oil).
El pistón está afectado de una serie de conductos que comunican las dos referidas cámaras, y a cuyos conductos están asociadas válvulas que permiten el paso del aceite en un único sentido para cada grupo de conductos; es decir que unos permiten el paso del aceite de la cámara de compresión a la cámara de extensión, y los otros permiten el paso del aceite en sentido contrario, es decir desde la cámara de extensión a la cámara de compresión, de manera que en cada caso el cierre de uno de los extremos de esos conductos está determinado por una válvula de resorte.The piston is affected by a series of ducts that connect the two referred chambers, and whose ducts are associated with valves that allow the passage of oil in a single direction for each group of ducts; that is, some allow the passage of oil from the compression chamber to the extension chamber, and the others allow the oil to pass in the opposite direction, that is, from the extension chamber to the compression chamber, so that in each In case the closure of one of the ends of these ducts is determined by a spring valve.
En cuanto a la válvula de desahogo de presión establecida en el extremo inferior del cilindro montado axial y concéntricamente en la carcasa del amortiguador, es bidireccional, es decir, permite el paso del aceite desde la denominada cámara de compresión a la cámara anular y externa determinada entre el cilindro y la carcasa, cámara que se denominará en adelante "de compensación" , de manera que dependiendo de la posición del pistón deslizante el aceite pasará de la cámara de compresión a la cámara de compensación o viceversa.As for the pressure relief valve established at the lower end of the axially mounted cylinder and concentrically in the shock absorber housing, it is bidirectional, that is, it allows the passage of oil from the so-called compression chamber to the determined annular and external chamber between the cylinder and the housing, a chamber that will be referred to as "compensation", so that depending on the position of the sliding piston, the oil will pass from the compression chamber to the compensation chamber or vice versa.
Con estas características el amortiguador funciona de manera tal que cuando el vehículo encuentra una protuberancia o bien un bache sobre la superficie de rodadura, se producirá el desplazamiento en uno u otro sentido del pistón y por tanto la reducción de volumen de la cámara de compresión y con ello el aumento de la cámara de extensión y viceversa, produciéndose entonces el paso adecuado de una a otra a través de los orificios del pistón, así como el paso de aceite desde la cámara de compresión a la cámara de compensación o viceversa. No obstante, el amortiguador referido incluye además una válvula que permite poder cambiar la rigidez del propio amortiguador, adaptándose así a las condiciones variables de la carretera y a los diferentes estilos de conducción, estando dicha válvula comandada eléctricamente a través de un solenoide que permite descargar la cámara de expansión para así poder variar de forma proporcional las propiedades de la suspensión, previéndose para ello que en el cilindro axial al que esta asociado el pistón deslizante sea hueco para incorporar en su interior un cuerpo doble formado por dos cilindros huecos y concéntricos entre sí, el interior de los cuales está fijado por uno de sus extremos a la propia válvula de desahogo de presión, mientras que el otro extremo queda en el interior del cilindro más externo y asociado a la propia válvula de solenoide, cuya actuación permite llevar a cabo la comunicación de la cámara establecida entre el cuerpo cilindrico externo de los dos referidos en último lugar y el vastago hueco en el que va axial y concéntricamente alojado aquél, con la cámara de salida establecida precisamente en los dos cuerpos cilindricos concéntricos, permitiendo el paso del fluido desde la cámara de extensión hasta la cámara de compensación, pudiéndose variar de esta manera la rigidez del amortiguador, ya que el accionamiento de la comentada válvula de solenoide permite descargar parte del volumen de la cámara de extensión a la cámara de compensación a través de los dos cilindros concéntricos establecidos en el interior del vastago hueco. Es decir, se vacía parte del volumen de la cámara determinada entre el vastago hueco y el cilindro extremo de los dos concéntricos, hacia la cámara de compensación, reduciendo así la diferencia de presión en el pistón deslizante y como consecuencia el flujo de fluido a través de éste será menor, siendo menor la disipación de energía por rozamiento viscoso a través del propio pistón y reduciendo por tanto la rigidez del amortiguador tanto en compresión como en extensión. El conjunto valvular se constituye a partir de un cuerpo cilindrico, alrededor del cual se dispone una bobina solenoide, mientras que interiormente incorpora un pistón deslizante que, dependienddo de la posición que ocupe, obtura o libera la comunicación entre las cámara de extensión y la cámara de compensación. Para ello el cuerpo valvular esta constituido por dos partes o piezas separadas por un entrehierro de forma que las líneas del campo magnético ven impedida su circulación a través del cuerpo valvular, cerrándose a través del pistón deslizante y provocando, debido a la fuerza de inducción magnética, el desplazamiento del mismo para liberar la citada comunicación entre las referidas cámaras.With these characteristics, the shock absorber works in such a way that when the vehicle encounters a bump or a bump on the road surface, displacement in one or the other direction of the piston will occur and therefore the reduction of the compression chamber volume and thereby increasing the extension chamber and vice versa, then producing the proper passage from one to the other through the piston holes, as well as the passage of oil from the compression chamber to the compensation chamber or vice versa. However, the aforementioned shock absorber also includes a valve that allows the rigidity of the shock absorber itself to be changed, thus adapting to the variable conditions of the road and to the different driving styles, said valve being electrically commanded through a solenoid that allows the expansion chamber so as to be able to vary proportionally the properties of the suspension, providing that in the axial cylinder to which the sliding piston is associated is hollow to incorporate inside a double body formed by two hollow and concentric cylinders , the inside of which is fixed by one of its ends to the pressure relief valve itself, while the other end is inside the outermost cylinder and associated with the solenoid valve itself, whose action allows carrying out the communication of the chamber established between the external cylindrical body of the two referred to lastly and the hollow rod in which it is axially and concentrically housed therein, with the outlet chamber established precisely in the two concentric cylindrical bodies, allowing the passage of fluid from the extension chamber to the compensation chamber, being able to vary in this way the rigidity of the shock absorber, since the actuation of the said solenoid valve allows to discharge part of the volume of the extension chamber to the compensation chamber through the two concentric cylinders established inside the hollow rod. That is, part of the volume of the determined chamber is emptied between the hollow rod and the end cylinder of the two concentric, towards the compensation chamber, thus reducing the pressure difference in the sliding piston and consequently the flow of fluid through This will be less, the energy dissipation by viscous friction through the piston itself being smaller and therefore reducing the stiffness of the shock absorber both in compression and in extension. The valve assembly is constituted from a cylindrical body, around which a solenoid coil is arranged, while internally it incorporates a sliding piston that, depending on the position it occupies, seals or releases the communication between the extension chamber and the chamber of compensation. For this, the valve body is constituted by two parts or pieces separated by an air gap so that the magnetic field lines are prevented from circulating through the valve body, closing through the sliding piston and causing, due to the magnetic induction force , the movement of the same to release the said communication between the aforementioned cameras.
No obstante, la comentada válvula de solenoide establecida en el amortiguador correspondiente a esa patente europea, ha sido mejorada en determinados aspectos estructurales de la misma para conseguir nuevas prestaciones y mejor control dimensional del propio cuerpo valvular y en especial en lo que se refiere a la constitución del cuerpo valvular.However, the aforementioned solenoid valve established in the shock absorber corresponding to that European patent, has been improved in certain structural aspects of the same to achieve new features and better dimensional control of the valve body itself and especially in regard to the constitution of the valvular body.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
El amortiguador de régimen variable que se preconiza está basado precisamente en el descrito en la patente europea 0297194 referida en el apartado anterior, presentando como novedad fundamental la incorporación de un nuevo tipo de válvula de solenoide y elementos asociados a la misma, para no solamente conseguir una óptima eficacia en su funcionalidad, sino conseguir una más fácil fabricación del conjunto valvular, derivando en una reducción de su precio.The variable speed damper that is recommended is based precisely on that described in European patent 0297194 referred to in the previous section, presenting as a fundamental novelty the incorporation of a new type of solenoid valve and associated elements thereof, not only to achieve an optimum efficiency in its functionality, but to achieve an easier manufacture of the valve assembly, resulting in a reduction of its price.
Una de las mejoras objeto de la invención se refiere a la configuración del cuerpo valvular y, en concreto, a que dicho cuerpo valvular está constituido por una única pieza obtenida a partir de un casquillo cilindrico sobre el que se realiza un entallado en cuña que determina una acanaladura radial, de sección troncocónica, cuyo interior se llena, mediante soldadura con aportación, con un material amagnético, procediéndose a continuación al mecanizado de la superficie interna y externa del citado cuerpo valvular.One of the improvements object of the invention relates to the configuration of the valve body and, in particular, to said valve body It consists of a single piece obtained from a cylindrical bushing on which a wedge notch is made that determines a radial groove, of truncated conical section, whose interior is filled, by welding with contribution, with an non-magnetic material, proceeding next to the machining of the internal and external surface of said valve body.
Esta forma de realización del cuerpo valvular permite garantizar un buen control dimensional del mismo y su obtención de forma sencilla y barata.This embodiment of the valve body ensures a good dimensional control of the same and its obtaining in a simple and cheap way.
Es también característica de novedad el hecho de que el resorte que presiona contra el pistón deslizante produce siempre un empuje axial sobre el citado pistón, para lo cual dicho resorte apoya por uno de sus extremos en un escalón establecido al efecto en una especie de gruesa arandela que apoya precisamente en el extremo del pistón deslizante, mientras que por otro extremo el referido resorte apoya en un disco o anillo de autocentrado, con un resalte circular y concéntrico, de manera que su diámetro externo se corresponderá con el diámetro interno del propio resorte, mientras que la base superior o externa de tal disco presenta un tetón que se posiciona en una depresión establecida al efecto en el fondo del cuerpo valvular, consiguiéndose así un autocentrado del propio resorte, lo que garantizará un empuje axial en todo momento sobre el pistón deslizante, denominado también núcleo valvular.The fact that the spring that presses against the sliding piston always produces an axial thrust on said piston is also characteristic of novelty, for which said spring supports by one of its ends in a step established for this purpose in a kind of thick washer which rests precisely at the end of the sliding piston, while at the other end the said spring rests on a disc or self-centering ring, with a circular and concentric projection, so that its external diameter will correspond to the internal diameter of the spring itself, while the upper or outer base of such a disc has a bumper that is positioned in a depression established for this purpose at the bottom of the valve body, thus achieving a self-centering of the spring itself, which will ensure an axial thrust at all times on the sliding piston , also called the valve core.
Finalmente, y como otra característica de novedad, se ha previsto que entre el pistón deslizante o núcleo valvular referido y el propio cuerpo valvular, vaya dispuesta una junta de hermeticidad que impide cualquier tipo de fuga que se pudiera producir desde el orificio previsto al efecto en dicho cuerpo valvular y que abre y cierra el pistón en su deslizamiento. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSFinally, and as another characteristic of novelty, it is provided that between the sliding piston or valve core referred to and the valve body itself, a seal is arranged that prevents any type of leakage that could occur from the hole provided for the purpose in said valvular body and that opens and closes the piston in its sliding. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. In an illustrative and non-limiting manner, the following has been represented:
La figura 1.- Muestra una representación longitudinal en sección del amortiguador realizado de acuerdo con el objeto de la invención.Figure 1 shows a longitudinal sectional representation of the shock absorber made in accordance with the object of the invention.
La figura 2.- Muestra una vista ampliada del conjunto que constituye la válvula de solenoide como elemento novedoso de la invención.Figure 2.- Shows an enlarged view of the assembly that constitutes the solenoid valve as a novel element of the invention.
La figura 3.- Muestra un representación esquemática de la forma de obtención del cuerpo valvular según el objeto de la presente invención.Figure 3.- Shows a schematic representation of the way of obtaining the valve body according to the object of the present invention.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓNPREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
Como se puede ver en las figuras referidas, el amortiguador de régimen variable en el que están aplicadas las mejoras objeto de la invención, se constituye a partir de una carcasa cilindrica (1), que en uno de sus extremos cuenta con los medios apropiados (2) para la fijación, a través de un soporte o cualquier otro sistema convencional, a la rueda de un vehículo, mientras que por el extremo opuesto cuenta con medios (3) para la fijación a la carrocería del mismo vehículo.As can be seen in the aforementioned figures, the variable speed damper in which the improvements object of the invention are applied, is constituted from a cylindrical housing (1), which at one of its ends has the appropriate means ( 2) for fixing, through a support or any other conventional system, to the wheel of a vehicle, while at the opposite end it has means (3) for fixing to the body of the same vehicle.
En el interior de la carcasa (1) va montado axial y concéntricamente un cilindro (4) en uno de cuyos extremos está establecida una válvula de desahogo de presión (5), mientras que el extremo opuesto se cierra mediante un cuerpo (6) previsto en la propia zona extrema y opuesta de la carcasa (1).Inside the housing (1) it is mounted axially and concentrically a cylinder (4) at one of whose ends a pressure relief valve (5) is established, while the opposite end is closed by a body (6) provided in the same extreme and opposite area of the housing (1).
En el interior del cilindro (4) va montado, con facultad de desplazamiento axial, un vastago hueco (7), con uno de sus extremos asociado a un pistón deslizante (8) en el interior del cuerpo cilindrico (4), pistón (8) que establece en dicho cuerpo (4) dos cámaras (9) y (10), la primera de ellas denominada de compresión y la segunda de extensión.Inside the cylinder (4), a hollow rod (7), with one of its ends associated with a sliding piston (8) inside the cylindrical body (4), piston (8) ) which establishes in said body (4) two chambers (9) and (10), the first one called compression and the second extension.
El pistón deslizante (8) queda vinculado al vastago hueco (7) mediante un cuerpo intermedio (11).The sliding piston (8) is linked to the hollow rod (7) by an intermediate body (11).
Las cámaras de compresión (9) y de extensión (10) están llenas de aceite y son susceptibles de comunicarse a través de agrupaciones de orificios (12) y (12'), de manera que el primer grupo de orificios (12) permite el paso en un solo sentido del fluido o aceite, concretamente desde la cámara de extensión a la cámara de compresión (9), mientras que a través de los orificios (121) se pueden comunicar ambas cámaras, pero únicamente en el sentido que va desde la cámara de compresión (9) a la cámara de extensión (10), estando esos grupos de orificios (12) y (12') cerrados por un extremo y abierto por el opuesto, mediante respectivas válvulas, constituidas en cada caso por una pletina (13) o (13') y un resorte o muelle (14) o (14').The compression (9) and extension chambers (10) are filled with oil and are capable of communicating through hole groups (12) and (12 '), so that the first group of holes (12) allows one-way flow of the fluid or oil, specifically from the extension chamber to the compression chamber (9), while through the holes (12 1 ) both chambers can communicate, but only in the direction from the compression chamber (9) to the extension chamber (10), those groups of holes (12) and (12 ') being closed at one end and opened by the opposite, by means of respective valves, constituted in each case by a plate (13) or (13 ') and a spring or spring (14) or (14').
En cuanto a la válvula de desahogo de presión (5), la misma está prevista para poder comunicar la cámara de compresión (9) y la cámara (15) denominada de compensación, y establecida entre el cilindro (4) y la carcasa (1) del amortiguador, de manera que dicha cámara (15) contiene una parte de fluido hidráulico o aceite, mientras que el resto está ocupado por aire o gas a una presión igual o superior a la atmosférica con el fin de permitir compensar las variaciones producidas en el volumen de la cámara de compresión (9) durante el funcionamiento del amortiguador.As for the pressure relief valve (5), it is designed to be able to communicate the compression chamber (9) and the chamber (15) called compensation, and established between the cylinder (4) and the housing (1 ) of the damper, so that said chamber (15) contains a part of fluid hydraulic or oil, while the rest is occupied by air or gas at a pressure equal to or greater than atmospheric in order to compensate for variations in the volume of the compression chamber (9) during the operation of the shock absorber.
En el cuerpo constitutivo de dicha válvula (5) se han previsto unos orificios (16) que se cierran mediante una pletina (17) contra la que empuja un resorte (18), permitiendo la comunicación en ambos sentidos entre la comentada cámara de compresión (9) y la cámara de compensación (15).In the constituent body of said valve (5), holes (16) are provided that are closed by means of a plate (17) against which a spring (18) pushes, allowing communication in both directions between the said compression chamber ( 9) and the clearing house (15).
De acuerdo con estas características, el funcionamiento del amortiguador es como sigue:In accordance with these characteristics, the operation of the shock absorber is as follows:
Cuando la rueda del vehículo que está asociada a dicho amortiguador encuentra una protuberancia en el asfalto o superficie de rodadura, se ejercerá una fuerza que tiende a desplazar hacia arriba la carcasa (1) y a su vez al cuerpo cilindrico (4), provocando una reducción en el volumen de la cámara de compresión (9) y un aumento del volumen de la cámara de extensión (10), lo que provocará una diferencia de presión entre ambas cámaras que hará fluir aceite desde la cámara de compresión (9) a la cámara de extensión (10), a través de los orificios de paso (12').When the wheel of the vehicle that is associated with said shock absorber encounters a protrusion on the asphalt or rolling surface, a force will be exerted that tends to move the carcass (1) up and in turn to the cylindrical body (4), causing a reduction in the volume of the compression chamber (9) and an increase in the volume of the extension chamber (10), which will cause a pressure difference between the two chambers that will flow oil from the compression chamber (9) to the chamber extension (10), through the through holes (12 ').
A la vez, esa diferencia de presión hace que el aceite fluya entre la cámara de compresión (9) y la propia cámara de compensación (15), a través de los orificios (16) establecidos al efecto en la válvula de desahogo y de presión (5).At the same time, this pressure difference causes the oil to flow between the compression chamber (9) and the compensation chamber (15) itself, through the holes (16) established for this purpose in the relief and pressure valve (5).
Ahora bien, cuando la rueda del vehículo encuentra un bache, se produce el efecto contrario, es decir se origina la extensión del amortiguador, desplazando hacia abajo la carcasa (1) y por tanto al cuerpo cilindrico (4), produciendo un aumento de volumen de la cámara de compresión (9) y una disminución en la cámara de extensión (10), haciendo que el aceite fluya desde esta última a la citada cámara de compresión (9). Simultáneamente, se produce el paso de aceite desde la cámara de compensación (15) a la cámara de compresión (9), para compensar el aumento de volumen experimentado en esta última.Now, when the wheel of the vehicle finds a bump, it it produces the opposite effect, that is to say the extension of the shock absorber originates, moving down the housing (1) and therefore to the cylindrical body (4), producing an increase in the volume of the compression chamber (9) and a decrease in the extension chamber (10), causing the oil to flow from the latter to said compression chamber (9). Simultaneously, the oil passes from the compensation chamber (15) to the compression chamber (9), to compensate for the increase in volume experienced in the latter.
El amortiguador descrito, y que corresponde a las características del referido en la patente europea 0297194, incluye, además, axial y concéntricamente una pareja de cilindros (19) y (20), éste último solidarizado, a través de un casquillo (21), al propio cuerpo de la válvula de desahogo de presión (5), mientras que el cilindro externo (19) está unido por el extremo opuesto al conjunto de la válvula de solenoide que incorpora dicho amortiguador, habiéndose previsto que esos cilindros (19) y (20) establezcan una cámara de salida (22) mientras que entre el vastago hueco (7) y el cilindro extremo (19) de los dos referidos se establece una cámara anular de compensación (23), relacionándose ambas cámaras (22) (23) a través de un orificio radial (34) previsto en el cuerpo valvular (24).The shock absorber described, and corresponding to the characteristics of the one mentioned in European patent 0297194, also includes, axially and concentrically, a pair of cylinders (19) and (20), the latter in solidarity, through a bushing (21), to the body of the pressure relief valve (5), while the external cylinder (19) is connected at the opposite end to the solenoid valve assembly incorporating said damper, it being provided that those cylinders (19) and ( 20) establish an outlet chamber (22) while between the hollow rod (7) and the end cylinder (19) of the two referred to, an annular compensation chamber (23) is established, both chambers (22) (23) being related through a radial hole (34) provided in the valve body (24).
La válvula de solenoide, prevista para poder cambiar la rigidez del amortiguador, se constituye habitualmente a partir de un cuerpo valvular (24) formado por dos piezas separadas por un entrehierro sobre el cual va arrollada la bobina (25), disponiéndose interiormente al cuerpo valvular (24) un pistón (26) que puede desplazarse en el interior del cuerpo valvular (24) en respuesta a la activación de la bobina solenoide (25) ya que el entrehierro impide la circulación de la corriente magnética a través del cuerpo valvular. El desplazamiento del pistón (26) provoca la apertura o cierre del conducto de comunicación (34), pistón que se encuentra requerido hacia la posición de cierre del orificio (34) por medio de un resorte (28).The solenoid valve, intended to be able to change the stiffness of the shock absorber, is usually constituted from a valve body (24) formed by two pieces separated by an air gap on which the coil (25) is wound, being arranged internally to the valve body (24) a piston (26) that can move inside the valve body (24) in response to the activation of the solenoid coil (25) since the air gap prevents the circulation of the magnetic current through the valve body. The displacement of piston (26) causes the communication conduit (34) to open or close, a piston that is required to the hole closed position (34) by means of a spring (28).
De esta manera se puede variar la rigidez del amortiguador, estando la válvula de solenoide descrita prevista para descargar parte del volumen de la cámara de extensión (10) a la cámara de compensación (15), a través de los cuerpos cilindricos (19) y (20), de manera que el accionamiento de tal válvula de solenoide vacía parte del volumen de la cámara (23) hacia la cámara de compensación (15), reduciendo la diferencia de presión en el vastago hueco (7) y como consecuencia, el flujo de fluido a través de dicho pistón será menor, siendo igualmente menor la disipación de energía por rozamiento viscoso a través de tal vastago hueco (7), con lo que la rigidez del amortiguador se reduce, tanto en compresión como en extensión.In this way the stiffness of the shock absorber can be varied, the described solenoid valve being provided to discharge part of the volume of the extension chamber (10) to the compensation chamber (15), through the cylindrical bodies (19) and (20), so that the actuation of such solenoid valve empties part of the chamber volume (23) towards the compensation chamber (15), reducing the pressure difference in the hollow rod (7) and as a consequence, the Fluid flow through said piston will be less, the dissipation of energy by viscous friction through such a hollow rod (7) being equally less, whereby the stiffness of the shock absorber is reduced, both in compression and in extension.
Pues bien, una de las mejoras objeto de la invención se refiere al hecho de que el cuerpo valvular está constituido por una única pieza obtenida a partir de un casquillo (24) en el cual se realiza un entallado anular en cuña, determinante de una acanaladura de sección trapezoidal, que se llena, mediante soldadura con aportación, con un material amagnético (27), mecanizándose a continuación las superficies interna y externa del cuerpo valvular (24), de tal manera que este material amagnético (27) actúa como entrehierro impidiendo la circulación de la corriente magnética a través del cuerpo valvular (24).Well, one of the improvements object of the invention refers to the fact that the valve body is constituted by a single piece obtained from a sleeve (24) in which an annular wedge notch is made, determining a groove Trapezoidal section, which is filled, by welding with input, with an non-magnetic material (27), then machining the internal and external surfaces of the valve body (24), so that this non-magnetic material (27) acts as an air gap preventing the circulation of the magnetic current through the valve body (24).
Otra novedad de la invención, se refiere al hecho de que el resorteAnother novelty of the invention refers to the fact that the spring
(28) que empuja el pistón deslizante (26) apoya por un extremo sobre un escalón de una especie de gruesa arandela (29) convenientemente ubicada en un chaflán o abocardado desde el extremo del pistón deslizante (26), como se representa claramente en la figura 2, mientras que el otro extremo de ese resorte o muelle (28) apoya de manera guiada en un disco (30) con un saliente circular (31) cuyo diámetro externo se corresponde precisamente con el diámetro interno del resorte (28), al objeto de que éste quede perfectamente centrado entre la especie de gruesa arandela (29) y el disco (30), quedando éste autocentrado por medio de una protuberancia o saliente (32) de superficie convexa que se posiciona en una depresión complementaria prevista en el fondo del propio cuerpo valvular (24), como también se ve claramente en la figura 2, consiguiéndose de esta manera un perfecto autocentrado del resorte o muelle (28), garantizando con ello un empuje axial en todo momento sobre el pistón deslizante (26), a la vez de que el resalte de superficie convexa (32) permite un basculamiento en todas las direcciones del disco (30) y en consecuencia del resorte (28), consiguiéndose así el efecto de autocentrado al que se hacía alusión con anterioridad.(28) that pushes the sliding piston (26) supports at one end on a step of a kind of thick washer (29) conveniently located in a chamfer or flare from the end of the sliding piston (26), as shown clearly in Fig. 2, while the other end of that spring or spring (28) supports a disk (30) guided by a circular projection (31) whose external diameter corresponds precisely to the internal diameter of the spring (28 ), in order that it is perfectly centered between the kind of thick washer (29) and the disc (30), this being self-centered by means of a protuberance or projection (32) of convex surface that is positioned in a planned complementary depression at the bottom of the valve body (24), as can also be seen clearly in figure 2, thus achieving a perfect self-centering of the spring or spring (28), thereby guaranteeing an axial thrust at all times on the sliding piston ( 26), while the convex surface projection (32) allows a tilt in all directions of the disc (30) and consequently of the spring (28), thus achieving the self-centering effect to which Zion before.
Cabe destacar igualmente el hecho de que en el pistón deslizante (26) se ha dispuesto una junta tórica de hermeticidad (33), que apoya sobre la superficie interna del cuerpo valvular (24), estableciendo una hermeticidad entre ambos cuerpos, evitando posibles fugas que pudieran originarse a través del orificio radial (34) que establece comunicación, dependiendo de la posición del pistón (26), entre la cámara de salida (22) de los cuerpos cilindricos (19) y (20) y la cámara anular de compensación (23), establecida entre el cilindro (19) y el vastago hueco (7). Also noteworthy is the fact that in the sliding piston (26) an o-ring seal (33) has been arranged, which rests on the inner surface of the valve body (24), establishing a tightness between both bodies, preventing possible leaks that they could originate through the radial hole (34) that establishes communication, depending on the position of the piston (26), between the outlet chamber (22) of the cylindrical bodies (19) and (20) and the annular compensation chamber ( 23), established between the cylinder (19) and the hollow rod (7).
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0205015A GB2369415B (en) | 1999-08-04 | 1999-08-04 | Perfected variable action shack-absorber |
| PCT/ES1999/000251 WO2001011255A1 (en) | 1999-08-04 | 1999-08-04 | Improved variable operation shock-absorber |
| AU52913/99A AU5291399A (en) | 1999-08-04 | 1999-08-04 | Improved variable operation shock-absorber |
| DE19983973T DE19983973T1 (en) | 1999-08-04 | 1999-08-04 | Improved self-adjusting shock absorber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES1999/000251 WO2001011255A1 (en) | 1999-08-04 | 1999-08-04 | Improved variable operation shock-absorber |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2001011255A1 true WO2001011255A1 (en) | 2001-02-15 |
Family
ID=8307234
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES1999/000251 Ceased WO2001011255A1 (en) | 1999-08-04 | 1999-08-04 | Improved variable operation shock-absorber |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU5291399A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19983973T1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2369415B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001011255A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003095248A1 (en) * | 2002-05-13 | 2003-11-20 | Active Air Suspensions Limited | Damper |
| CN114110075A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-01 | 陕西汽车集团有限责任公司 | An electronically controlled variable damping shock absorber for vehicle debugging |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10260395B3 (en) * | 2002-12-21 | 2004-06-09 | Zf Sachs Ag | Hydraulic oscillation damper with adjustable damping valve and vented hollow space defined by piston rod and displacement rod secured to damping cylinder base |
| EP2068034A3 (en) * | 2007-12-03 | 2016-04-20 | Francisco Javier Muñoz Labrador | Pro-active magnetorheological suspension system |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1964297A1 (en) * | 1969-12-22 | 1971-06-24 | German Mitschka | Process for the production of the magnetic closing sleeve between the poles of the electromagnetic actuation of valves |
| EP0133885A1 (en) * | 1983-07-02 | 1985-03-13 | Binder Magnete GmbH | Method of manufacturing the magnetic core of a solenoid-actuated device |
| EP0297194A1 (en) * | 1987-06-19 | 1989-01-04 | La Industrial Plastica Y Metalurgica, S.A. | Variable rate shock absorber |
| GB2262659A (en) * | 1991-12-17 | 1993-06-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | A core for an electromagnetic fuel injection device |
| GB2333184A (en) * | 1998-01-13 | 1999-07-14 | Caterpillar Inc | Solenoid and method of manufacture |
-
1999
- 1999-08-04 AU AU52913/99A patent/AU5291399A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-08-04 DE DE19983973T patent/DE19983973T1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-08-04 WO PCT/ES1999/000251 patent/WO2001011255A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-08-04 GB GB0205015A patent/GB2369415B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1964297A1 (en) * | 1969-12-22 | 1971-06-24 | German Mitschka | Process for the production of the magnetic closing sleeve between the poles of the electromagnetic actuation of valves |
| EP0133885A1 (en) * | 1983-07-02 | 1985-03-13 | Binder Magnete GmbH | Method of manufacturing the magnetic core of a solenoid-actuated device |
| EP0297194A1 (en) * | 1987-06-19 | 1989-01-04 | La Industrial Plastica Y Metalurgica, S.A. | Variable rate shock absorber |
| GB2262659A (en) * | 1991-12-17 | 1993-06-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | A core for an electromagnetic fuel injection device |
| GB2333184A (en) * | 1998-01-13 | 1999-07-14 | Caterpillar Inc | Solenoid and method of manufacture |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003095248A1 (en) * | 2002-05-13 | 2003-11-20 | Active Air Suspensions Limited | Damper |
| CN114110075A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-01 | 陕西汽车集团有限责任公司 | An electronically controlled variable damping shock absorber for vehicle debugging |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2369415A (en) | 2002-05-29 |
| GB0205015D0 (en) | 2002-04-17 |
| AU5291399A (en) | 2001-03-05 |
| DE19983973T1 (en) | 2002-06-27 |
| GB2369415B (en) | 2003-09-03 |
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