WO2001004859A1 - Method and system for detecting a source of heat in an area under surveillance - Google Patents
Method and system for detecting a source of heat in an area under surveillance Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001004859A1 WO2001004859A1 PCT/DE2000/002188 DE0002188W WO0104859A1 WO 2001004859 A1 WO2001004859 A1 WO 2001004859A1 DE 0002188 W DE0002188 W DE 0002188W WO 0104859 A1 WO0104859 A1 WO 0104859A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/005—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion for forest fires, e.g. detecting fires spread over a large or outdoors area
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/117—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means by using a detection device for specific gases, e.g. combustion products, produced by the fire
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for detecting a heat source in a monitored area, in which measurement signals of a number m of sensors distributed in the monitored area are detected and evaluated in terms of data technology.
- infrared radiation detector devices are used as sensors, each of which can be rotated about an essentially vertical axis in order to be able to carry out a scanning movement.
- a code converter is assigned to each infrared radiation detector device, with which the respective angular positions of the detector device are detected.
- the detector devices each generate a measurement signal which reflects the direction and intensity of the infrared radiation determined.
- the measurement signals are transmitted to a central station via a telephone line or any other connection medium, which contains a data processing system with a storage device for the measurement signals.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method for detecting a heat source in a monitored area, which can be carried out with comparatively little effort.
- sensors with radio transmission and radio reception points n are freely operable. Erer execution used, and the respective measurement signal is transmitted as a radio signal directly to a data collection point if the sensor generating the respective measurement signal is located within the range of its radio transmitting and receiving part from the data collection point, and transmitted via further sensors to the data collection point if the Measuring signal generating sensor is outside the range of its radio transmission and radio receiving part away from the data collection point; the measurement signals present in the data collection point will be evaluated in terms of data technology.
- a major advantage of the method according to the invention is that the measurement signals from the sensors are not transmitted via telephone lines, but rather as radio signals. This does not result in any approval problems when the method according to the invention is carried out because the radio transmission and reception parts of the sensors are manufactured in a freely operable design, as has become common, for example, in domestic telephone devices with the possibility of cordless telephony.
- sensors with such radio transmitting and receiving parts has the disadvantage that several bridges must be used in series to bridge a relatively large transmission path to the data collection point, but it is necessary to detect a heat source in a monitored area anyway Arrange sensors spatially relatively close to one another if a heat source is to be detected reliably and quickly, before a larger fire has spread, as is necessary, for example, when a forest fire is detected.
- the measurement signals can be evaluated in different ways; It will be like this considered advantageous if a data processing system used to evaluate the measurement signals is also used as a data collection point. This type of method will be practiced particularly when the monitored area is not too large and the sensors are located relatively close to the data processing system.
- a sub-center is advantageously used as the data collection point, which is connected via a radio link to a data processing system used for evaluating the measurement signals. If there are several areas in a monitored area, each of which is to be monitored individually, then by providing several sub-centers that are connected to a single data processing system, a relatively large area can be monitored by this one data processing system.
- a neural network is used in the data-technical evaluation of the measurement signals, with which the measurement signals are classified, filtered and evaluated.
- gas-sensitive semiconductor sensors are used as sensors, because different gases in the air can be detected with such semiconductor sensors.
- Dadurcn is also an option created to recognize uncritical, annoying heat sources and thus to avoid an incorrect measurement result.
- the invention is also based on the object of specifying an arrangement for detecting a heat source in a monitored area, which can be installed with comparatively little effort.
- the invention is based on an arrangement as described in the above-mentioned translation E 41539 B, i.e. an arrangement for detecting a heat source in a monitored area with a number of sensors which are connected to a data processing system via communication channels, and proposes that each sensor is equipped with a radio transmitting and receiving station in a freely operable embodiment and that the message channels are radio links.
- the main advantage of the arrangement according to the invention is that telephone lines can be dispensed with, and the use of radio links as communication channels avoids difficulties with licensing authorities in that each sensor is equipped with a radio transmitter and radio receiver part with a freely operable design.
- Such radio transmission and radio reception parts have a relatively short range, but this is not a nuisance in the present context, because sensors must be arranged relative to one another in order to reliably detect a heat source in a monitored area.
- the length corresponds to
- Radio links at most the range of the radio transmission
- Radio receiving station in freely operable execution, and the
- a data processing system with an assigned radio transmission and radio reception part n freely operable design is arranged within the range of the radio transmission and radio reception part of at least one sensor.
- Such a configuration of the arrangement according to the invention will always be carried out when a relatively small monitored area is to be monitored with a relatively small number of sensors.
- a sub-center with an assigned radio transmission and radio reception part m freely operable version is arranged within the range of the radio transmission and radio reception point of at least one sensor, and the sub-center is m radio connected to the data processing system.
- the data processing system is preceded by a database and a neural network, and the data processing system is a graphic information system.
- the figure shows an exemplary embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention for detecting a heat source in a monitored area.
- the sensors 2 to 4 are gas-sensitive semiconductor sensors of a known design, each of which has a radio transmission and radio reception point.
- the sensors 2 to 4 of the monitored area 1 are assigned to a sub-center 5, to which the sensor 2 is connected in the present case via a radio link 6 m, because this sensor 2 is the closest to the sub-center 5.
- the sensor 2 is namely provided with a radio transmitting and receiving station m of freely operable design and therefore has only a range m of the order of magnitude up to a maximum of approximately 300 m.
- the radio transmission and radio reception point of the further sensors 3 and 4 are also designed in a freely operable design, that is, they are designed in such a way that they can be operated without a special permit in accordance with the official approval requirements.
- Each sensor 2 to 4 is equipped with a radio transmission and radio receiving station, because the sensor 4, which is relatively far away in the illustration, cannot send directly to the sub-control center 5, but rather send its measurement signal to the neighboring sensor 3 via a radio link 7, which is then transmitted by the latter transmitted via a further radio link 8 to sensor 2, which transmits the measurement signal to sub-center 5 via radio link 6.
- Each of the sensors 2 to 4 is equipped as a gas-sensitive semiconductor sensor, ie it has special gas-sensitive ones
- Each of the sensors 2 to 4 measures the concentration of certain gases in the air at predetermined time intervals.
- Per measuring cycle klus results in a measurement signal consisting of a data series, which over the radio links 6 to 8 z. B. is transmitted on a frequency of 433 MHz, for example.
- the measurement signal m transmitted via the radio link 7 is detected by the sensor 3 and sent to the sensor 2 together with the measurement signal generated by this sensor 3 and transmitted by the latter to the sub-control center 5 together with its measurement signal.
- the measurement signals of the other sensors (not shown) are transmitted to the sub-center using sensors in the direction of the sub-center. There, the measurement signals or data are compressed and transmitted to a center 9 via a radio link 10. Should a sensor fail, then an alternate transmission path to the sub-control center 5 is automatically specified by the respective sending sensor.
- the radio receiving parts m sensors 2 to 4 are used to control the measuring cycles when a fault is detected or to reduce the number of measuring signals in damp weather, in which a heat source, for example a forest fire, is not to be expected.
- the radio receiving parts are used to record the measurement signals from neighboring sensors so that they can be forwarded in the direction of sub-center 5, if necessary.
- the measurement signals are read into a database 11 in the control center 9. Since each of the sensors 2 to 4 is recorded with its exact coordinates in the monitored area, the measurement signals can be displayed three-dimensionally by means of a data processing system in the form of a graphic information system (not shown), from which the exact location of a heat source can be found. This is required through the use of a neural network 12 which is subordinate to the database. net and with which a classification, filtering and evaluation of the measurement signals is carried out. The output signals of the neural network 12 are processed in the graphic information system.
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Abstract
Description
Beschreibungdescription
Verfahren und Anordnung zum Erfassen einer Wärmequelle in einem überwachten GebietMethod and arrangement for detecting a heat source in a monitored area
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Erfassen einer Wärmequelle m einem überwachten Gebiet, bei dem Meßsignale einer Anzahl m dem überwachten Gebiet verteilter Sensoren erfaßt werden und datentechnisch ausgewertet werden.The invention relates to a method for detecting a heat source in a monitored area, in which measurement signals of a number m of sensors distributed in the monitored area are detected and evaluated in terms of data technology.
Ein Verfahren dieser Art ist m der österreichischen Übersetzung E 41539 B der europaischen Patentschrift 0 117 162 Bl beschrieben. Bei diesem bekannten Verfahren werden als Sensoren Infrarotstrahlungsdetektorvorrichtungen verwendet, die jeweils um eine im wesentlichen senkrechte Achse drehbar sind, um eine Absuchbewegung durchfuhren zu können. Jeder Infrarotstrahlungsdetektorvorrichtung ist ein Codeumsetzer zugeordnet, mit dem die jeweiligen Winkelstellungen der Detektorvorrichtung erfaßt werden. Es wird von den Detektor- Vorrichtungen jeweils ein Meßsignal erzeugt, das die Richtung und Intensität der ermittelten Infrarotstrahlung wiedergibt. Über eine Telefonleitung oder ein beliebiges anderes Verbindungsmedium werden die Meßsignale zu einer Zentralstation übertragen, die eine Datenverarbeitungsanlage mit einer Speichervorrichtung für die Meßsignale enthalt.A method of this kind is described in the Austrian translation E 41539 B of the European patent specification 0 117 162 B1. In this known method, infrared radiation detector devices are used as sensors, each of which can be rotated about an essentially vertical axis in order to be able to carry out a scanning movement. A code converter is assigned to each infrared radiation detector device, with which the respective angular positions of the detector device are detected. The detector devices each generate a measurement signal which reflects the direction and intensity of the infrared radiation determined. The measurement signals are transmitted to a central station via a telephone line or any other connection medium, which contains a data processing system with a storage device for the measurement signals.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Erfassen einer Wärmequelle m einem überwachten Gebiet anzugeben, was sich mit vergleichsweise geringem Aufwand durch- fuhren laßt.The invention has for its object to provide a method for detecting a heat source in a monitored area, which can be carried out with comparatively little effort.
Zur Losung dieser Aufgabe werden Sensoren mit jeweils zugeordnetem Funksende- und Funkempfangstell n frei betreibbar- erer Ausfuhrung verwendet, und das jeweilige Meßsignal wird als Funksignal direkt zu einer Datensammelstelle übertragen, wenn der das jeweilige Meßsignal erzeugende Sensor innerhalb der Reichweite seines Funksende- und Funkempfangsteils von der Datensammelstelle angeordnet ist, und über weitere Sensoren zur Datensammelstelle übertragen werden, wenn der das Meßsignal erzeugende Sensor außerhalb der Reichweite seines Funksende- und Funkempfangsteils entfernt von der Datensammelstelle liegt; die in der Datensammelstelle vorliegenden Meßsignale werden datentechnisch ausgewertet werden.To solve this task, sensors with radio transmission and radio reception points n are freely operable. Erer execution used, and the respective measurement signal is transmitted as a radio signal directly to a data collection point if the sensor generating the respective measurement signal is located within the range of its radio transmitting and receiving part from the data collection point, and transmitted via further sensors to the data collection point if the Measuring signal generating sensor is outside the range of its radio transmission and radio receiving part away from the data collection point; the measurement signals present in the data collection point will be evaluated in terms of data technology.
Ein wesentlicher Vorteil des erfindungsgemaßen Verfahren besteht darin, daß die Meßsignale der Sensoren nicht über Telefonleitungen übertragen werden, sondern als Funksignale. Da- bei ergeben sich bei der Durchfuhrung des erfindungsgemaßen Verfahrens keinerlei Genehmigungsprobleme, weil die Funksende- und Empfangsteile der Sensoren in frei betreibbarer Ausfuhrung hergestellt sind, wie sie beispielsweise in häuslichen Telefoneinrichtungen mit der Möglichkeit des schnurlo- sen Telefomerens üblich geworden sind. Der Einsatz von Sensoren mit derartigen Funksende- und Empfangsteilen hat zwar an sich den Nachteil, daß zur Uberbruckung einer relativ großen Ubertragungstrecke zur Datensammelstelle mehrere Sensoren in Reihe jeweils benutzt werden müssen, jedoch ist es zum Erfassen einer Wärmequelle in einem überwachten Gebiet ohnehin erforderlich, die Sensoren räumlich relativ eng zueinander anzuordnen, wenn eine Wärmequelle zuverlässig und schnell erfaßt werden soll, bevor sich also ein größeres Feuer ausgebreitet hat, wie es beispielsweise beim Erfassen des Entstehens eines Waldbrandes erforderlich ist.A major advantage of the method according to the invention is that the measurement signals from the sensors are not transmitted via telephone lines, but rather as radio signals. This does not result in any approval problems when the method according to the invention is carried out because the radio transmission and reception parts of the sensors are manufactured in a freely operable design, as has become common, for example, in domestic telephone devices with the possibility of cordless telephony. The use of sensors with such radio transmitting and receiving parts has the disadvantage that several bridges must be used in series to bridge a relatively large transmission path to the data collection point, but it is necessary to detect a heat source in a monitored area anyway Arrange sensors spatially relatively close to one another if a heat source is to be detected reliably and quickly, before a larger fire has spread, as is necessary, for example, when a forest fire is detected.
Bei dem erfindungsgemaßen Verfahren kann die Auswertung der Meßsignale auf unterschiedlichem Wege erfolgen; so wird es als vorteilhaft angesehen, wenn eine zur Auswertung der Meßsignale dienende Datenverarbeitungsanlage auch als Datensammelstelle verwendet wird. Diese Art des Verfahrens wird man insbesondere dann praktizieren, wenn das überwachte Gebiet nicht allzugroß ausgedehnt ist und die Sensoren relativ nahe zur Datenverarbeitungsanlage plaziert sind.In the method according to the invention, the measurement signals can be evaluated in different ways; It will be like this considered advantageous if a data processing system used to evaluate the measurement signals is also used as a data collection point. This type of method will be practiced particularly when the monitored area is not too large and the sensors are located relatively close to the data processing system.
Bei einem verhältnismäßig großen zu überwachenden Gebiet wird als Datensammelstelle vorteilhafterweise eine Unterzentrale verwendet, die über eine Funkverbindung mit einer zur Auswertung der Meßsignale dienenden Datenverarbeitungsanlage verbunden ist. Gibt es m einem überwachten Gebiet mehrere Areale, die jeweils für sich überwacht werden sollen, dann kann durch Vorsehen mehrerer Unterzentralen, die mit einer einzigen Datenverarbeitungsanlage n Verbindung stehen, durch diese eine Datenverarbeitungsanlage also ein relativ großes Gebiet überwacht werden.In the case of a relatively large area to be monitored, a sub-center is advantageously used as the data collection point, which is connected via a radio link to a data processing system used for evaluating the measurement signals. If there are several areas in a monitored area, each of which is to be monitored individually, then by providing several sub-centers that are connected to a single data processing system, a relatively large area can be monitored by this one data processing system.
Als vorteilhaft wird es ferner angesehen, wenn bei der daten- technischen Auswertung der Meßsignale ein neuronales Netz verwendet wird, mit dem eine Klassifizierung, Filterung und Bewertung der Meßsignale vorgenommen wird. Durch Einsatz eines neuronalen Netzes, das entsprechend angelernt ist, lassen sich dann m vorteilhafter Weise Ergebnisse erzielen, die sich durch eine hohe Zuverlässigkeit auch dann auszeichnen, wenn sich m dem überwachten Gebiet eine störende Wärmequelle bewegt, die beispielsweise von einem fahrenden Kraftfahrzeug gebildet sein kann.It is also considered advantageous if a neural network is used in the data-technical evaluation of the measurement signals, with which the measurement signals are classified, filtered and evaluated. By using a neural network that has been appropriately trained, results can be achieved in an advantageous manner that are characterized by high reliability even if a disruptive heat source moves in the monitored area, which can be formed, for example, by a moving motor vehicle ,
Ferner wird es als vorteilhaft angesehen, wenn als Sensoren gassensitive Halbleitersensoren verwendet werden, weil mit solchen Halbleitersensoren unterschiedliche Gase m der Luft erkannt werden können. Dadurcn ist zusätzlich die Möglichkeit geschaffen, an sich unkritische, störende Wärmequellen zu erkennen und damit ein fehlerhaftes Meßergebnis zu vermeiden.Furthermore, it is considered to be advantageous if gas-sensitive semiconductor sensors are used as sensors, because different gases in the air can be detected with such semiconductor sensors. Dadurcn is also an option created to recognize uncritical, annoying heat sources and thus to avoid an incorrect measurement result.
Es kommen aber auch andere Sensoren mfrage, sofern mit ihnen eine Wärmequelle erfaßt werden kann.But there are also other sensors in question if they can be used to detect a heat source.
Der Erfindung liegt ferner die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Anordnung zum Erfassen einer Wärmequelle in einem überwachten Gebiet anzugeben, die sich mit vergleichsweise geringem Aufwand installieren laßt.The invention is also based on the object of specifying an arrangement for detecting a heat source in a monitored area, which can be installed with comparatively little effort.
Dazu geht die Erfindung von einer Anordnung aus, wie sie m der oben genannten Übersetzung E 41539 B beschrieben ist, also von einer Anordnung zum Erfassen einer Wärmequelle in einem überwachten Gebiet mit einer Anzahl von Sensoren, die über Nachrichtenkanale mit einer Datenverarbeitungsanlage verbunden sind, und schlagt vor, daß erfmdungsgemaß jeder Sensor mit einem Funksende- und Funkempfangstell in frei betreibbarer Ausfuhrung ausgerüstet ist und die Nachrichtenkanale Funkstrecken sind.For this purpose, the invention is based on an arrangement as described in the above-mentioned translation E 41539 B, i.e. an arrangement for detecting a heat source in a monitored area with a number of sensors which are connected to a data processing system via communication channels, and proposes that each sensor is equipped with a radio transmitting and receiving station in a freely operable embodiment and that the message channels are radio links.
Der wesentliche Vorteil der erfindungsgemaßen Anordnung besteht darin, daß auf Telefonleitungen verzichtet werden kann, wobei durch den Einsatz von Funkstrecken als Nachrichtenkanale Schwierigkeiten mit Genehmigungsbehorden dadurch vermie- den sind, daß jeder Sensor mit einem Funksende- und Funkempfangsteil m frei betreibbarer Ausfuhrung ausgerüstet ist. Derartige Funksende- und Funkempfangsteile haben zwar eine relativ geringe Reichweite, was aber im vorliegenden Zusammenhang nicht störend ist, weil zum zuverlässigen Erfassen einer Wärmequelle in einem überwachten Gebiet sowieso Sensoren relativ dient beieinander angeordnet werden müssen. Bei der erfindungsgemaßen Anordnung entspricht die Lange derThe main advantage of the arrangement according to the invention is that telephone lines can be dispensed with, and the use of radio links as communication channels avoids difficulties with licensing authorities in that each sensor is equipped with a radio transmitter and radio receiver part with a freely operable design. Such radio transmission and radio reception parts have a relatively short range, but this is not a nuisance in the present context, because sensors must be arranged relative to one another in order to reliably detect a heat source in a monitored area. In the arrangement according to the invention, the length corresponds to
Funkstrecken höchstens der Reichweite der Funksende- undRadio links at most the range of the radio transmission and
Funkempfangstelle in frei betreibbarer Ausfuhrung, und dieRadio receiving station in freely operable execution, and the
Sensoren sind höchstens im Abstand der Reichweite voneinander entfernt angeordnet.Sensors are at most spaced apart from each other by the range.
Bei der erfindungsgemaßen Anordnung ist eine Datenverarbeitungsanlage mit einem zugeordneten Funksende- und Funkempfangsteil n frei betreibbarer Ausfuhrung innerhalb der Reichweite des Funksende- und Funkempfangsteil mindestens eines Sensors angeordnet. Eine derartige Ausgestaltung der er- findungsgemaßen Anordnung wird man immer dann vornehmen, wenn ein relativ kleines überwachtes Gebiet mit einer relativ kleinen Anzahl von Sensoren zu überwachen ist.In the arrangement according to the invention, a data processing system with an assigned radio transmission and radio reception part n freely operable design is arranged within the range of the radio transmission and radio reception part of at least one sensor. Such a configuration of the arrangement according to the invention will always be carried out when a relatively small monitored area is to be monitored with a relatively small number of sensors.
Ist das zu überwachende Gebiet relativ groß, dann ist eine Unterzentrale mit einem zugeordneten Funksende- und Funkempfangsteil m frei betreibbarer Ausfuhrung innerhalb der Reichweite des Funksende- und Funkempfangstell mindestens ei- nes Sensors angeordnet, und die Unterzentrale steht m Funkverbindung mit der Datenverarbeitungsanlage.If the area to be monitored is relatively large, then a sub-center with an assigned radio transmission and radio reception part m freely operable version is arranged within the range of the radio transmission and radio reception point of at least one sensor, and the sub-center is m radio connected to the data processing system.
Bei der erfindungsgemaßen Anordnung ist der Datenverarbeitungsanlage eine Datenbank und ein neuronales Netz vorgeord- net, und die Datenverarbeitungsanlage ist ein graphisches Informationssystem.In the arrangement according to the invention, the data processing system is preceded by a database and a neural network, and the data processing system is a graphic information system.
Zur weiteren Erläuterung ist m der Figur ein Ausfuhrungsbei- spiel einer erfindungsgemaßen Anordnung zum Erfassen einer Wärmequelle in einem überwachten Gebiet dargestellt.For further explanation, the figure shows an exemplary embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention for detecting a heat source in a monitored area.
Wie die Figur erkennen laßt, befinden sich m einem überwachten Gebiet 1 eine Reihe von Sensoren, von denen nur Sensorer 2, 3 und 4 dargestellt sind. Bei den Sensoren 2 bis 4 handelt es sich um gassensitive Halbleitersensoren bekannter Ausfuhrung, die jeweils ein Funksende- und Funkempfangstell aufweisen. Die Sensoren 2 bis 4 des überwachten Gebietes 1 sind ei- ner Unterzentrale 5 zugeordnet, mit der im vorliegenden Fall der Sensor 2 über eine Funkstrecke 6 m Verbindung steht, weil dieser Sensor 2 der Unterzentrale 5 am dichtesten benachbart ist. Der Sensor 2 ist nämlich mit einem Funksende- und Funkempfangstell m frei betreibbarer Ausfuhrung versehen und hat daher nur eine Reichweite m der Größenordnung bis etwa maximal 300 m. Die Funksende- und Funkempfangstelle der weiteren Sensoren 3 und 4 sind ebenfalls m frei betreibbarer Ausfuhrung ausgeführt, also so ausgebildet, daß sie nach den behördlichen Genehmigungspflichten ohne eine besondere Genehmigung betrieben werden können. Jeder Sensor 2 bis 4 ist mit einem Funksende- und Funkempfangstell ausgerüstet, weil der m der Darstellung relativ weit entfernte Sensor 4 nicht direkt zur Unterzentrale 5 senden kann, sondern über eine Funkstrecke 7 zu dem benachbarten Sensor 3 sein Meßsignal senden, das von diesem dann über eine weitere Funkstrecke 8 zum Sensor 2 übertragen, der das Meßsignal zur Unterzentrale 5 über die Funkstrecke 6 übertragt.As the figure shows, there are a number of sensors in a monitored area 1, of which only sensors 2, 3 and 4 are shown. The sensors 2 to 4 are gas-sensitive semiconductor sensors of a known design, each of which has a radio transmission and radio reception point. The sensors 2 to 4 of the monitored area 1 are assigned to a sub-center 5, to which the sensor 2 is connected in the present case via a radio link 6 m, because this sensor 2 is the closest to the sub-center 5. The sensor 2 is namely provided with a radio transmitting and receiving station m of freely operable design and therefore has only a range m of the order of magnitude up to a maximum of approximately 300 m. The radio transmission and radio reception point of the further sensors 3 and 4 are also designed in a freely operable design, that is, they are designed in such a way that they can be operated without a special permit in accordance with the official approval requirements. Each sensor 2 to 4 is equipped with a radio transmission and radio receiving station, because the sensor 4, which is relatively far away in the illustration, cannot send directly to the sub-control center 5, but rather send its measurement signal to the neighboring sensor 3 via a radio link 7, which is then transmitted by the latter transmitted via a further radio link 8 to sensor 2, which transmits the measurement signal to sub-center 5 via radio link 6.
Jeder der Sensoren 2 bis 4 ist als gassensitiver Halbleiter- sensor ausgestattet, weist also spezielle gassensitiveEach of the sensors 2 to 4 is equipped as a gas-sensitive semiconductor sensor, ie it has special gas-sensitive ones
Schichten auf, mit denen sich verschiedene Gase in einem Meßzyklus erfassen lassen. Dazu dient jeweils eine in jedem Sensor vorgesehene Elektronik, die nicht nur die Steuerung der Meßzyklen, sondern auch die Zwischenspeicherung der Meßwerte und die Übertragung der Meßsignale steuert.Layers with which different gases can be detected in one measuring cycle. For this purpose, electronics are provided in each sensor, which not only control the control of the measurement cycles, but also the temporary storage of the measurement values and the transmission of the measurement signals.
Jeder der Sensoren 2 bis 4 mißt in vorgegebenen Zeitmrerval- len die Konzentration bestimmter Gase m der Luft. Pro Meßzy- klus ergibt sich ein aus einer Datenreihe bestehendes Meßsignal, das über die Funkstrecken 6 bis 8 z. B. auf einer Frequenz von beispielsweise 433 MHz übertragen wird. Dabei wird das über die Funkstrecke 7 übertragende Meßsignal m dem Sen- sor 3 erfaßt und zusammen mit dem von diesem Sensor 3 erzeugten Meßsignal zum Sensor 2 gesendet und von diesem zusammen mit seinem Meßsignal zur Unterzentrale 5 übertragen. Entsprechend werden die Meßsignale der übrigen (nicht dargestellten) Sensoren unter Benutzung m Richtung auf die Unterzentrale vorgeordneter Sensoren zur Unterzentrale übermittelt. Dort werden die Meßsignale bzw. Daten verdichtet und zu einer Zentrale 9 über eine Funkstrecke 10 übertragen. Sollte ein Sensor ausfallen, dann wird von dem jeweils sendenden Sensor automatisch ein alternativer Ubertragungsweg zur Unterzen- trale 5 vorgegeben.Each of the sensors 2 to 4 measures the concentration of certain gases in the air at predetermined time intervals. Per measuring cycle klus results in a measurement signal consisting of a data series, which over the radio links 6 to 8 z. B. is transmitted on a frequency of 433 MHz, for example. The measurement signal m transmitted via the radio link 7 is detected by the sensor 3 and sent to the sensor 2 together with the measurement signal generated by this sensor 3 and transmitted by the latter to the sub-control center 5 together with its measurement signal. Correspondingly, the measurement signals of the other sensors (not shown) are transmitted to the sub-center using sensors in the direction of the sub-center. There, the measurement signals or data are compressed and transmitted to a center 9 via a radio link 10. Should a sensor fail, then an alternate transmission path to the sub-control center 5 is automatically specified by the respective sending sensor.
Die Funkempfangsteile m den Sensoren 2 bis 4 dienen zur Steuerung der Meßzyklen bei Erkennung einer Störung oder zur Reduzierung der Anzahl der Meßsignale bei feuchtem Wetter, bei dem mit dem Entstehen einer Wärmequelle, beispielsweise eines Waldbrandes, nicht zu rechnen ist. Außerdem dienen die Funkempfangsteile dazu, die Meßsignale benachbarter Sensoren aufzunehmen, um sie ggf. in Richtung auf die Unterzentrale 5 weiterzuleiten.The radio receiving parts m sensors 2 to 4 are used to control the measuring cycles when a fault is detected or to reduce the number of measuring signals in damp weather, in which a heat source, for example a forest fire, is not to be expected. In addition, the radio receiving parts are used to record the measurement signals from neighboring sensors so that they can be forwarded in the direction of sub-center 5, if necessary.
In der Zentrale 9 werden die Meßsignale in eine Datenbank 11 eingelesen. Da jeder der Sensoren 2 bis 4 mit seinen exakten Koordinaten im überwachten Gebiet erfaßt wird, können die Meßsignale mittels einer Datenverarbeitungsanlage in Form ei- nes graphischen Informationssystems (nicht gezeigt) dreidimensional dargestellt werden, woraus exakt der Ort einer Wärmequelle entnehmbar ist. Dies wird gefordert durch den Einsatz eines neuronalen Netzes 12, das der Datenbank nachgeord- net ist und, mit dem eine Klassifikation, Filterung und Bewertung der Meßsignale vorgenommen wird. Die Ausgangssignale des neuronalen Netzes 12 werden im graphischen Informationssystem verarbeitet. The measurement signals are read into a database 11 in the control center 9. Since each of the sensors 2 to 4 is recorded with its exact coordinates in the monitored area, the measurement signals can be displayed three-dimensionally by means of a data processing system in the form of a graphic information system (not shown), from which the exact location of a heat source can be found. This is required through the use of a neural network 12 which is subordinate to the database. net and with which a classification, filtering and evaluation of the measurement signals is carried out. The output signals of the neural network 12 are processed in the graphic information system.
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU65560/00A AU6556000A (en) | 1999-07-12 | 2000-07-05 | Method and system for detecting a source of heat in an area under surveillance |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19932906A DE19932906A1 (en) | 1999-07-12 | 1999-07-12 | Method and arrangement for detecting a heat source in a monitored area |
| DE19932906.0 | 1999-07-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2001004859A1 true WO2001004859A1 (en) | 2001-01-18 |
Family
ID=7914749
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2000/002188 Ceased WO2001004859A1 (en) | 1999-07-12 | 2000-07-05 | Method and system for detecting a source of heat in an area under surveillance |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU6556000A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19932906A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001004859A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2003267901B2 (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2009-02-05 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | A method of transferring information from a plant for the production of packaging material to a filling machine, a method of providing a packaging material with information, as well as packaging material and the use thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4363031A (en) * | 1980-07-07 | 1982-12-07 | Jack Reinowitz | Wireless alarm system |
| EP0229198A1 (en) * | 1985-11-27 | 1987-07-22 | Hansens Neighbourhood Alarms Pty. Ltd. | Neighbourhood alarm |
| US5751209A (en) * | 1993-11-22 | 1998-05-12 | Cerberus Ag | System for the early detection of fires |
| WO2000021053A1 (en) * | 1998-10-06 | 2000-04-13 | Slc Technologies, Inc. | Wireless home fire and security alarm system |
-
1999
- 1999-07-12 DE DE19932906A patent/DE19932906A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-07-05 WO PCT/DE2000/002188 patent/WO2001004859A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-07-05 AU AU65560/00A patent/AU6556000A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4363031A (en) * | 1980-07-07 | 1982-12-07 | Jack Reinowitz | Wireless alarm system |
| EP0229198A1 (en) * | 1985-11-27 | 1987-07-22 | Hansens Neighbourhood Alarms Pty. Ltd. | Neighbourhood alarm |
| US5751209A (en) * | 1993-11-22 | 1998-05-12 | Cerberus Ag | System for the early detection of fires |
| WO2000021053A1 (en) * | 1998-10-06 | 2000-04-13 | Slc Technologies, Inc. | Wireless home fire and security alarm system |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2003267901B2 (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2009-02-05 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | A method of transferring information from a plant for the production of packaging material to a filling machine, a method of providing a packaging material with information, as well as packaging material and the use thereof |
| AU2003267901B8 (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2009-02-26 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | A method of transferring information from a plant for the production of packaging material to a filling machine, a method of providing a packaging material with information, as well as packaging material and the use thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU6556000A (en) | 2001-01-30 |
| DE19932906A1 (en) | 2001-01-18 |
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