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WO2001099203A2 - Hybrid solar collector - Google Patents

Hybrid solar collector Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001099203A2
WO2001099203A2 PCT/EP2001/006919 EP0106919W WO0199203A2 WO 2001099203 A2 WO2001099203 A2 WO 2001099203A2 EP 0106919 W EP0106919 W EP 0106919W WO 0199203 A2 WO0199203 A2 WO 0199203A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar collector
hybrid solar
thermal insulation
collector according
outer layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2001/006919
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2001099203A3 (en
Inventor
Peter Lutz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bekon Umwelschutz & Energietechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Bekon Umwelschutz & Energietechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bekon Umwelschutz & Energietechnik GmbH filed Critical Bekon Umwelschutz & Energietechnik GmbH
Priority to AU2001281854A priority Critical patent/AU2001281854A1/en
Priority to EP01960332A priority patent/EP1366527A2/en
Publication of WO2001099203A2 publication Critical patent/WO2001099203A2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Publication of WO2001099203A3 publication Critical patent/WO2001099203A3/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/60—Thermal insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hybrid solar collector in sandwich construction for the simultaneous conversion of sun rays into heat and into electrical energy.
  • thermal collectors for converting solar radiation into heat
  • photovoltaic collectors for converting solar radiation into electrical energy.
  • a heat transfer medium for example a glycol water mixture
  • solar radiation is heated by means of solar radiation and used for heating purposes or for hot water production.
  • a wide variety of construction principles are known.
  • Collector models with a heat exchange chamber through which the heat transfer medium flows have proven their worth. Since the pressure prevailing in the chamber can be relatively high, fin plates are preferably used to form the chamber.
  • Photovoltaic collector modules generally consist of a flat carrier on which solar cells connected in parallel or in series are arranged. To protect against the weather, the solar cells are covered with a translucent protective element, usually with a film or a glass pane. Furthermore, solar collector modules are known which combine both collector types in one housing. These sandwich-type solar collector modules are highly efficient because the heat transfer medium is also used as a coolant for the solar cells. Such combined solar collector modules are known for example from DE-A-4 120 943, DE-A-4 206 931, DE-A-4 210 975 and DE-A-4 222 806.
  • the solar collector modules are preferably installed on roofs or integrated in the facades of buildings. Installation in inclined surfaces, for example in roofs, is to be preferred because the choice of an ideal angle that depends on the latitude maximizes the solar radiation acting on the solar collector.
  • the generally cuboidal solar collector modules according to the prior art are laid like a chessboard on a waterproof sub-roof surface and the joints between the individual modules are sealed. In the case of thermal solar collectors, the individual modules are also connected to one another with conduit elements.
  • a hybrid solar collector is also known from WO / 9914536, in which photovoltaic and thermal collectors are also integrated in a common collector module.
  • the individual collector modules have an upper and a lower section, the upper section serving as a fastening part and the lower region of the photovoltaic collector and below that the thermal collector.
  • the back of the thermal collector towards the roof is provided with thermal insulation in the form of a foam part.
  • the individual collector modules are arranged overlapping on the facade or the roof, so that there is a closed collector surface.
  • the flow channels for the heat exchange medium of the individual thermal collectors are connected by plug connections in a direction perpendicular to the collector surface through the overlapping arrangement of the individual collector modules. This, due to the overlapping arrangement in general and the necessary comparatively thick insulation results in a very thick or high construction, which is not accepted on all roofs or facades for aesthetic reasons.
  • thermal insulation which consists of a corrugated cardboard structure which is gas-tightly coated with a thin steel sheet and is additionally evacuated.
  • the carrier layer of the active photovoltaic layer is the upper outer layer of a sandwich structure and the thermal insulation in the form of a gas-tightly encased corrugated cardboard structure, the lower outer layer of the sandwich structure extremely flat, compact design of the hybrid solar collector.
  • the two outer layers of the sandwich structure which are also a photovoltaic active layer or heat insulation, enclose the heat exchanger in the manner of a sandwich.
  • the thermal insulation or the corrugated cardboard structure is evacuated in the gastight envelope, whereby the insulating effect is increased.
  • the channels of the corrugated cardboard structure are oriented perpendicular to the outer sides of the sandwich structure. This also results in an improved insulation effect.
  • the gas-tight envelope of the heat structure can be made of metal, which minimizes diffusion.
  • the gas-tight envelope is preferably made of a metallized plastic film, which on the one hand minimizes diffusion and on the other hand achieves an inexpensive and light structure.
  • thermal insulation can also be used in other areas and is not limited to use in a hybrid solar collector (claim 10).
  • the heat exchanger device comprises hollow profiles with a rectangular cross section, as is known per se from DE 198 09 883 AI. This results on the one hand in a flat structure and on the other hand good thermal contact with the active layer or with the incident solar radiation.
  • a thermal expansion coefficient compensation film is arranged between the active layer and the heat exchanger device. By means of this compensating film, different coefficients of thermal expansion between the transparent support of the active photovoltaic layer and the material of the heat exchanger device can be compensated, as a result of which the function and durability are maintained or increased.
  • the upper outside of the sandwich structure is a glass plate, on the inside of which the photovoltaic layer is applied.
  • Glass has the desired optical properties, is waterproof, thermally stable and comparatively inexpensive.
  • connections for the heat transfer medium are arranged in the edge region of the sandwich structure, so that the overall height is not increased as a result. This applies in the same way to the electrical connections of the active photovoltaic layer.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically in section the structure of an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 2. shows a detailed representation of the thermal insulation.
  • 1 shows the section through an exemplary embodiment of the invention with a photovoltaic collector region 2 facing the sun, which comprises an outer layer in the form of a glass plate 6, on the inner side of which the photovoltaically active layer 4 is applied. Electrical connections 8 and 10 are led out laterally from the active layer 4.
  • the active layer 4 is covered by an electrically insulating and thermally conductive thermal expansion coefficient compensation film 12.
  • a flat thermal collector region 14 which comprises a heat exchanger device in the form of a hollow profile 16.
  • the hollow profile 16 forms flow channels 18 in which a heat transfer medium is guided. Pipe connections 20 and 21 are provided on the side, by means of which the heat transfer medium is supplied and removed.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient compensation film 12 compensates for different thermal expansions between the glass plate 6 and the hollow profile 16 during operation, so that expansion breaks are avoided.
  • the underside of the heat exchanger device 16 is covered by thermal insulation 22, which forms the lower outer layer of the sandwich structure.
  • the thermal insulation 22 comprises a corrugated cardboard structure 24 which is enclosed by a gas-tight envelope 26.
  • the corrugated cardboard structure 24 comprises channels 28 which are aligned perpendicular to the outer surfaces of the sandwich structure.
  • Fig. 2 shows a detailed view of the thermal insulation 22 in the form of a partial section along the line AA in Fig. 1.
  • the gas-tight envelope 26 consists of a plastic film 30, the inside with a Metal coating 32 is provided.
  • the metal coating 32 comprises, for example, aluminum.
  • photovoltaic collector area photovoltaically active layer upper outer layer glass plate 10 electrical connections thermal expansion coefficient compensation foil thermal collector area heat exchanger device, hollow profile flow channels in 16, 21 pipe connections heat insulation, lower outer layer corrugated cardboard structure gastight envelope channels in 24 plastic film from 26 metal coating to 30

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an extremely flat and compact hybrid collector comprising a photo-voltaic collecting area facing the sun and having an active layer, a thermal collecting area which is arranged under the photo-voltaic collecting area, and thermal insulation which is located under the thermal collecting area. The extremely compact and flat structure is obtained by arranging the carrier layer of the active photo-voltaic layer as the upper outer layer of a sandwich structure, and by arranging the thermal insulation which is embodied as a corrugated gastight cardboard structure as the lower outer layer of said sandwich structure.

Description

Beschreibung description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hybrid-Solarkollektor in Sandwich-Aufbau zur gleichzeitigen Umwandlung von Sonnenstrahlen in Wärme und in elektrische Energie.The invention relates to a hybrid solar collector in sandwich construction for the simultaneous conversion of sun rays into heat and into electrical energy.

Es sind grundsätzlich zwei Typen Sonnenkollektoren bekannt: thermische Kollektoren zur Umwandlung von Sonnenstrahlung in Wärme und photovoltaische Kollektoren zur Umwandlung der Sonnenstrahlung in elektrische Energie. In thermischen Sonnenkollektoren wird ein Wärmeträgermedium, beispielsweise eine Glykolwassermischung, mittels Sonnenstrahlung erwärmt und zu Heizzwecken oder zur Warmwassergewinnung verwendet. Es sind die unterschiedlichsten Konstruktionsprinzipien bekannt.Basically two types of solar collectors are known: thermal collectors for converting solar radiation into heat and photovoltaic collectors for converting solar radiation into electrical energy. In thermal solar collectors, a heat transfer medium, for example a glycol water mixture, is heated by means of solar radiation and used for heating purposes or for hot water production. A wide variety of construction principles are known.

Bewährt haben sich Kollektormodelle mit einer Wärmeaustauschkammer, welche vom Wärmeträgermedium durch- flössen wird. Da der in der Kammer herrschende Druck relativ groß sein kann, werden vorzugsweise Rippenbleche zur Bildung der Kammer verwendet .Collector models with a heat exchange chamber through which the heat transfer medium flows have proven their worth. Since the pressure prevailing in the chamber can be relatively high, fin plates are preferably used to form the chamber.

Photovoltaische Kollektormodule bestehen im allgemein aus einem flächenartigen Träger, auf welchem parallel beziehungsweise in Serie geschaltete Solarzellen angeordnet sind. Zum Schutz gegen Witterungseinflüsse sind die Solarzellen mit einem lichtdurchlässigen Schutzelement, meistens mit einer Folie oder einer Glasscheibe, über- deckt. Des weiteren sind Sonnenkollektormodule bekannt, welche beide Kollektortypen in einem Gehäuse kombinieren. Diese sandwichartig aufgebauten Sonnenkollektormodule weisen einen hohen Wirkungsgrad auf, da das Wärmeträgermedium zugleich als Kühlmittel für die Solarzellen einge- setzt ist. Derartige kombinierte Sonnenkollektormodule sind beispielsweise aus DE-A-4 120 943, DE-A-4 206 931, DE-A-4 210 975 und DE-A-4 222 806 bekannt.Photovoltaic collector modules generally consist of a flat carrier on which solar cells connected in parallel or in series are arranged. To protect against the weather, the solar cells are covered with a translucent protective element, usually with a film or a glass pane. Furthermore, solar collector modules are known which combine both collector types in one housing. These sandwich-type solar collector modules are highly efficient because the heat transfer medium is also used as a coolant for the solar cells. Such combined solar collector modules are known for example from DE-A-4 120 943, DE-A-4 206 931, DE-A-4 210 975 and DE-A-4 222 806.

Zur Energieumwandlung mittels Sonnenenergie wird für beide Sonnenkollektortypen eine relativ große, sonnenbeschienene Sammlerfläche benötigt. Deshalb werden die Sonnenkollektormodule vorzugsweise auf Dächern angebracht oder in Fassaden von Gebäuden integriert. Der Einbau in geneigte Flächen, beispielsweise in Dächern, ist dabei zu bevorzugen, da die Wahl eines idealen, breitengradabhängigen Winkels die auf den Sonnenkollektor einwirkende Sonneneinstrahlung maximiert . Zur Integration in die Dachfläche werden die im allgemeinen quaderförmigen Sonnenkollektormodule gemäß dem Stand der Technik schach- brettartig auf eine wasserdichte Unterdachfläche gelegt und die Fugen zwischen den einzelnen Modulen abgedichtet. Im Falle thermischer Sonnenkollektoren werden die einzelnen Module zudem mit Leitungsrohrelementen miteinander verbunde .A relatively large, sunlit collector area is required for energy conversion by means of solar energy for both types of solar collectors. For this reason, the solar collector modules are preferably installed on roofs or integrated in the facades of buildings. Installation in inclined surfaces, for example in roofs, is to be preferred because the choice of an ideal angle that depends on the latitude maximizes the solar radiation acting on the solar collector. For integration into the roof surface, the generally cuboidal solar collector modules according to the prior art are laid like a chessboard on a waterproof sub-roof surface and the joints between the individual modules are sealed. In the case of thermal solar collectors, the individual modules are also connected to one another with conduit elements.

Aus der WO/9914536 ist ebenfalls eine Hybrid-Solar- kollektor bekannt, bei dem ebenfalls photovoltaische und thermische Kollektoren in ein gemeinsames Kollektormodul integriert sind. Die einzelnen Kollektormodule weisen einen oberen und einen unteren Abschnitt auf, wobei der obere Abschnitt als Befestigungsteil dient und im unteren Bereich oben der photovoltaische Kollektor und darunter der thermische Kollektor angeordnet ist. Die Rückseite des thermischen Kollektors zum Dach hin ist mit einer Wärmeisolierung in Form eines Schaumteiles versehen. Die einzelnen Kollektormodule werden überlappend auf der Fassade oder dem Dach angeordnet, so daß sich eine geschlossene Kollektorfläche ergibt. Die Verbindung der Strömungskanäle für das Wärmetauschemittel der einzelnen thermischen Kollektoren erfolgt durch Steckverbindungen in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Kollektorfläche durch die überlappende Anordnung der einzelnen Kollektormodule. Hierdurch, durch die überlappende Anordnung allgemein und durch die notwendige vergleichsweise dicke Isolierung ergibt sich eine sehr dicke bzw. hohe Konstruktion, die aus ästhetischen Überlegungen nicht auf allen Dächern oder Fassaden akzeptiert wird.A hybrid solar collector is also known from WO / 9914536, in which photovoltaic and thermal collectors are also integrated in a common collector module. The individual collector modules have an upper and a lower section, the upper section serving as a fastening part and the lower region of the photovoltaic collector and below that the thermal collector. The back of the thermal collector towards the roof is provided with thermal insulation in the form of a foam part. The individual collector modules are arranged overlapping on the facade or the roof, so that there is a closed collector surface. The flow channels for the heat exchange medium of the individual thermal collectors are connected by plug connections in a direction perpendicular to the collector surface through the overlapping arrangement of the individual collector modules. This, due to the overlapping arrangement in general and the necessary comparatively thick insulation results in a very thick or high construction, which is not accepted on all roofs or facades for aesthetic reasons.

Aus der DE 198 09 883 AI ist ebenfalls ein solarer Hybridkollektor zur kombinierten Strom- und Wärmeerzeu- gung bekannt, der als kompakter Laminatkörper mit einem Wärmetauscher in Form eines Hohlprofils ausgebildet ist. Nachteilig hierbei ist, daß dieser bekannte Hybridkollektor zusätzlich auf der Rückseite isoliert werden muß, d. h. , die Isolierung nicht Bestandteil des Hybridkollektors ist. Hierdurch erhöht sich die Bauhöhe, was wiederum zu Aktzeptanzproble en führen kann.From DE 198 09 883 AI a solar hybrid collector for combined power and heat generation is also known, which is designed as a compact laminate body with a heat exchanger in the form of a hollow profile. The disadvantage here is that this known hybrid collector must also be isolated on the back, d. H. , the insulation is not part of the hybrid collector. This increases the overall height, which in turn can lead to acceptance problems.

Aus JP-A-11280241 ist eine Wärmeisolierung bekannt, die aus einer Wellpappenstruktur besteht, die mit einem dünnen Stahlblech gasdicht ummantelt und zusätzlich evakuiert ist.From JP-A-11280241 a thermal insulation is known which consists of a corrugated cardboard structure which is gas-tightly coated with a thin steel sheet and is additionally evacuated.

Ausgehend von der WO/9914536 bzw. DE 198 09 883 AI ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen kompakten und extrem flachen Hybrid-Solarkollektor zu schaffen. Weiter ist esStarting from WO / 9914536 and DE 198 09 883 AI, it is the object of the invention to create a compact and extremely flat hybrid solar collector. It is further

Aufgabe der Erfindung eine hierfür besonders geeigneteObject of the invention a particularly suitable for this

Wärmeisolierung anzugeben.Specify thermal insulation.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt durch die Merkmale des Anspruch 1 bzw. 10.This object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 10, respectively.

Dadurch, daß die Trägerschicht der aktiven photovoltaischen Schicht die obere Aussenschicht einer Sandwichstruktur und die Wäremisolierung in Form einer gas- dicht umschlossenen Wellpappenstruktur, die untere Aussenschicht der Sandwichstruktur ist, ergibt sich ein extrem flacher, kompakter Aufbau des Hybrid-Solarkollektor. Die beiden Außenschichten der Sandwichstruktur, die zugleich photovoltaische aktive Schicht bzw. Wärmeisolierung sind, schließen den Wärmetauscher dazwischen nach Art eines Sandwich ein.The result is that the carrier layer of the active photovoltaic layer is the upper outer layer of a sandwich structure and the thermal insulation in the form of a gas-tightly encased corrugated cardboard structure, the lower outer layer of the sandwich structure extremely flat, compact design of the hybrid solar collector. The two outer layers of the sandwich structure, which are also a photovoltaic active layer or heat insulation, enclose the heat exchanger in the manner of a sandwich.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung nach Anspruch 2 ist die Wärmeisolierung bzw. die Wellpappenstruktur in der gasdichten Hülle evakuiert, wodurch die Isolierwirkung erhöht wird.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 2, the thermal insulation or the corrugated cardboard structure is evacuated in the gastight envelope, whereby the insulating effect is increased.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilha ten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung nach Anspruch 3 sind die Kanäle der Wellpappenstruktur senkrecht zu den Außenseiten der Sandwichstruk- tur orientiert. Hierdurch ergibt sich ebenfalls eine verbesserte Isolierwirkung.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 3, the channels of the corrugated cardboard structure are oriented perpendicular to the outer sides of the sandwich structure. This also results in an improved insulation effect.

Die gasdichte Hülle der Wärmestruktur kann aus Metall bestehen, wodurch die Diffusion minimiert wird. Vorzugs- weise besteht jedoch die gasdichte Hülle aus einer metallisierten Kunststofffolie, wodurch einerseits die Diffusion minimiert wird und andererseits eine kostengünstige und leichte Struktur erreicht wird.The gas-tight envelope of the heat structure can be made of metal, which minimizes diffusion. However, the gas-tight envelope is preferably made of a metallized plastic film, which on the one hand minimizes diffusion and on the other hand achieves an inexpensive and light structure.

Eine derartige Wärmeisolierung kann auch in anderen Bereichen eingesetzt werden und ist nicht auf die Verwendung in einem Hybrid-Solarkollektor beschränkt (Anspruch 10) .Such thermal insulation can also be used in other areas and is not limited to use in a hybrid solar collector (claim 10).

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfaßt die Wärmetauschereinrichtung Hohlprofile mit einem rechteckigen Querschnitt, wie dies ansich aus der DE 198 09 883 AI bekannt ist. Hierdurch ergibt sich zum einen ein flacher Aufbau und zum anderen ein guter thermischer Kontakt mit der aktiven Schicht bzw. mit der einfallenden Sonnenstrahlung. Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung nach Anspruch 7 ist zwischen aktiver Schicht und Wärmetauschereinrichtung eine Wärmeausdehnungs- koeffizienten-Ausgleichsfolie angeordnet. Durch diese Ausgleichsfolie können gegebenenfalls unterschiedliche Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten zwischen dem durchsichtigen Träger der aktiven photovoltaischen Schicht und dem Material der Wärmetauschereinrichtung ausgeglichen werden, wodurch die Funktion und Haltbarkeit aufrecht erhalten bzw. erhöht wird.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the heat exchanger device comprises hollow profiles with a rectangular cross section, as is known per se from DE 198 09 883 AI. This results on the one hand in a flat structure and on the other hand good thermal contact with the active layer or with the incident solar radiation. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 7, a thermal expansion coefficient compensation film is arranged between the active layer and the heat exchanger device. By means of this compensating film, different coefficients of thermal expansion between the transparent support of the active photovoltaic layer and the material of the heat exchanger device can be compensated, as a result of which the function and durability are maintained or increased.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die obere Außenseite der Sand- Wichstruktur eine Glasplatte, auf deren Innenseite die photovoltaische Schicht aufgebracht ist. Glas hat die gewünschten optischen Eigenschaften, ist wasserdicht, thermisch stabil und vergleichsweise kostengünstig.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the upper outside of the sandwich structure is a glass plate, on the inside of which the photovoltaic layer is applied. Glass has the desired optical properties, is waterproof, thermally stable and comparatively inexpensive.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Anschlüsse für das Wäremträgermediu im Randbereich der Sandwichstruktur angeordnet, so daß hierdurch die Bauhöhe nicht vergrößert wird. Dies gilt in gleicher Weise für die elektrischen Anschlüsse der aktive photovoltaischen Schicht.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the connections for the heat transfer medium are arranged in the edge region of the sandwich structure, so that the overall height is not increased as a result. This applies in the same way to the electrical connections of the active photovoltaic layer.

Weitere Einzeilheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform anhand der Zeichnung.Further details, features and advantages of the invention result from the following description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawing.

Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch in Schnittdarstellung den Aufbau einer beispielhaften Ausführungs form der Erfindung .Fig. 1 shows schematically in section the structure of an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2. zeigt eine Detaildarstellung der Wärmeisolierung. Fig. 1 zeigt den Schnitt durch eine beispielhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit einem der Sonne zugewandten photovoltaischen Kollektorbereich 2, der eine Außenschicht in Form einer Glasplatte 6 umfaßt, auf deren innenliegende Seite die photovoltaisch aktive Schicht 4 aufgebracht ist. Seitlich sind aus der aktiven Schicht 4 elektrische Anslüsse 8 und 10 herausgeführt. Die aktive Schicht 4 ist von einer elektrisch isolierenden und gut wärmeleitenden Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten-Ausgleichsfolie 12 bedeckt. Hieran schließt sich ein flächiger thermischer Kollektorbereich 14 an, der eine Wärmetauschereinrichtung in Form eines Hohlprofils 16 umfaßt. Das Hohlprofil 16 bildet Strömungskanäle 18 in denen ein Wärmeträgermedium geführt wird. Seitlich sind Rohranschlüsse 20 und 21 vorgesehen, mittels denen das Wärmeträgermedium zu- und abgeführt wird. Wie die Bezeichnung andeutet, werden durch die Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten- Ausgleichs folie 12 unterschiedliche Wärmeausdehnungen zwischen Glasplatte 6 und Hohlprofil 16 während des Betriebs ausgeglichen, so dass Dehnungsbrüche vermieden werden .Fig. 2. shows a detailed representation of the thermal insulation. 1 shows the section through an exemplary embodiment of the invention with a photovoltaic collector region 2 facing the sun, which comprises an outer layer in the form of a glass plate 6, on the inner side of which the photovoltaically active layer 4 is applied. Electrical connections 8 and 10 are led out laterally from the active layer 4. The active layer 4 is covered by an electrically insulating and thermally conductive thermal expansion coefficient compensation film 12. This is followed by a flat thermal collector region 14, which comprises a heat exchanger device in the form of a hollow profile 16. The hollow profile 16 forms flow channels 18 in which a heat transfer medium is guided. Pipe connections 20 and 21 are provided on the side, by means of which the heat transfer medium is supplied and removed. As the name suggests, the thermal expansion coefficient compensation film 12 compensates for different thermal expansions between the glass plate 6 and the hollow profile 16 during operation, so that expansion breaks are avoided.

Die Unterseite der Wärmetauschereinrichtung 16 ist von einer Wärmeisolierung 22 bedeckt, die die untere Aussenschicht der Sandwich-Strukur bildet. Die Wärmeisolierung 22 umfaßt eine Wellpappenstruktur 24, die von einer gasdichten Hülle 26 umschlossen ist. Die Wellpappenstruktur 24 umfaßt Kanäle 28 die senkrecht zu den Aussen- flächen der Sandwich-Strukur ausgerichtet sind.The underside of the heat exchanger device 16 is covered by thermal insulation 22, which forms the lower outer layer of the sandwich structure. The thermal insulation 22 comprises a corrugated cardboard structure 24 which is enclosed by a gas-tight envelope 26. The corrugated cardboard structure 24 comprises channels 28 which are aligned perpendicular to the outer surfaces of the sandwich structure.

Fig. 2 zeigt die eine Detaildarstellung der Wärmeisolierung 22 in Form eines Teilschnitts entlang der Linie A-A in Fig. 1. Die gasdichte Hülle 26 besteht aus einer Kunststof folie 30, die innenseitig mit einer Metallbeschichtung 32 versehen ist. Die Metallbeschichtung 32 umfaßt beispielsweise Aluminium. Fig. 2 shows a detailed view of the thermal insulation 22 in the form of a partial section along the line AA in Fig. 1. The gas-tight envelope 26 consists of a plastic film 30, the inside with a Metal coating 32 is provided. The metal coating 32 comprises, for example, aluminum.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

photovoltaischer Kollektorbereich photovoltaisch aktive Schicht obere Aussenschicht, Glasplatte 10 elektrische Anschlüsse Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten-Ausgleichs folie thermischer Kollektorbereich Wärmetauschereinrichtung, Hohlprofil Strömungskanäle in 16 , 21 Rohranschlüsse Wärmeisolierung, untere Aussenschicht Wellpappenstruktur gasdichte Hülle Kanäle in 24 Kunststofffolie von 26 Metallbeschichtung auf 30 photovoltaic collector area photovoltaically active layer upper outer layer, glass plate 10 electrical connections thermal expansion coefficient compensation foil thermal collector area heat exchanger device, hollow profile flow channels in 16, 21 pipe connections heat insulation, lower outer layer corrugated cardboard structure gastight envelope channels in 24 plastic film from 26 metal coating to 30

Claims

Schutzansprüche protection claims 1. Hybrid-Solarkollektor mit einem der Sonne zugewandten photovoltaischen Kollektorbereich (2) mit einer aktiven Schicht (4), einem unter dem photovoltaischen Kollektorbereich (2) angeordneten thermischen Kollektorbereich (14) in Form einer von einem Wärmeträgermedium durchströmten Wärmetauschereinrichtung, und einer unter dem thermischen Kollektorbereich angeordneten Wärmeisolierung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der photovoltaische Kollektorbereich (2) eine für solare Strahlung durchlässige obere Aussenschicht (6) aufweist, auf deren innenliegender Seite die aktive Schicht (4) aufgebracht ist, dass die obere Aussenschicht (6) die obere Aussenschicht einer Sandwich-Struktur des Hybrid- Solarkollektors bildet, dass die Wärmeisolierung (22) eine Wellpappenstruktur (24) aufweist, die von einer gasdichten Hülle (26) umgeben ist, und dass die Wärmeisolierung (22) eine untere Aussenschicht der Sandwich-Struktur bildet, die flächenmäßig der oberen Aussenschicht (6) entspricht.1. Hybrid solar collector with a sun-facing photovoltaic collector region (2) with an active layer (4), a thermal collector region (14) arranged under the photovoltaic collector region (2) in the form of a heat exchanger device through which a heat transfer medium flows, and one under the Thermal insulation arranged thermal insulation, characterized in that the photovoltaic collector region (2) has an upper outer layer (6) permeable to solar radiation, on the inner side of which the active layer (4) is applied, that the upper outer layer (6) is the upper outer layer a sandwich structure of the hybrid solar collector forms that the heat insulation (22) has a corrugated cardboard structure (24) which is surrounded by a gas-tight envelope (26) and that the heat insulation (22) forms a lower outer layer of the sandwich structure, which corresponds in terms of area to the upper outer layer (6). 2. Hybrid-Solarkollektor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmeisolierung (22) evakuiert ist .2. Hybrid solar collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermal insulation (22) is evacuated. 3. Hybrid-Solarkollektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wellpappenstruktur (24) der Wärmeisolierung (22) Kanäle (28) aufweist, die sich senkreckt zu denAussenschichten (6, 22) der Sandwich-Struktur erstrecken. Hybrid solar collector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the corrugated cardboard structure (24) of the thermal insulation (22) has channels (28) which extend obliquely to the outer layers (6, 22) of the sandwich structure. 4. Hybrid-Solarkollektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die gasdichte Hülle (26) der Wärmeisolierung (22) eine metallbeschichtete Kunststofffolie (30, 32) ist.4. Hybrid solar collector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas-tight envelope (26) of the thermal insulation (22) is a metal-coated plastic film (30, 32). 5. Hybrid-Solarkollektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmetauschereinrichtung (14) Hohlprofile (16), insbeosndere aus Aluminium umfasst, die Strömungskanäle (18) für das Wärmetauschermedium bilden.5. Hybrid solar collector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger device (14) comprises hollow profiles (16), in particular made of aluminum, which form flow channels (18) for the heat exchanger medium. 6. Hybrid-Solarkollektor nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hohlprofile (16) einen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweisen und dass die Wärmetauschereinrichtung die aktive Schicht (4) flächig bedeckt .6. Hybrid solar collector according to claim 5, characterized in that the hollow profiles (16) have a rectangular cross section and that the heat exchanger device covers the active layer (4) over a large area. 7. Hybrid-Solarkollektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen aktiver Schicht (4) und Wärmetauschereinrichtung (14, 16) eine Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten-Ausgleichsfolie ( 12 ) angeordnet ist.7. Hybrid solar collector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a thermal expansion coefficient compensation film (12) is arranged between the active layer (4) and the heat exchanger device (14, 16). 8. Hybrid-Solarkollektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die obere Aussenschicht (6) der Sandwich-Struktur durch eine Glasplatte (6) gebildet ist, deren Innenseite mit der aktiven Schicht (4) beschichtet ist.8. Hybrid solar collector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper outer layer (6) of the sandwich structure is formed by a glass plate (6), the inside of which is coated with the active layer (4). 9. Hybrid-Solarkollektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Rohranschlüsse (20, 21) für die Zu- und Abführung des Wärmeträgermediums und/oder elektrische Anschlüsse (8, 10) der aktiven Schicht (4) im Randbereich der Sandwich-Struktur vorgesehen sind. 9. Hybrid solar collector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that pipe connections (20, 21) for the supply and discharge of the heat transfer medium and / or electrical connections (8, 10) of the active layer (4) in the edge region of the sandwich Structure are provided. 10. Wärmeisolierung, insbesondere für einen Hybrid- Solarkollektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, mit einer Wellpappenstruktur (24), die von einer gasdichten Hülle (26) umschlossen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die gasdichte Hülle (26) eine matallbeschichtete Kunststofffolie (30, 32) ist. 10. Thermal insulation, in particular for a hybrid solar collector according to one of the preceding claims, with a corrugated cardboard structure (24) which is enclosed by a gastight envelope (26), characterized in that the gastight envelope (26) is a metal-coated plastic film (30, 32) is.
PCT/EP2001/006919 2000-06-19 2001-06-19 Hybrid solar collector Ceased WO2001099203A2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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AU2001281854A AU2001281854A1 (en) 2000-06-19 2001-06-19 Hybrid solar collector
EP01960332A EP1366527A2 (en) 2000-06-19 2001-06-19 Hybrid solar collector

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20010880.8 2000-06-19
DE20010880U DE20010880U1 (en) 2000-06-19 2000-06-19 Hybrid solar collector

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WO2001099203A3 WO2001099203A3 (en) 2003-10-02

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DE (1) DE20010880U1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001099203A2 (en)

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WO2013017677A2 (en) 2011-08-04 2013-02-07 Nicaise Noel Photovoltaic module with heat exchanger
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WO2024221022A1 (en) * 2023-04-20 2024-10-24 Baiocco Massimo A cooled layered solar panel
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WO2001099203A3 (en) 2003-10-02
DE20010880U1 (en) 2001-10-31
AU2001281854A1 (en) 2002-01-02

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