WO2001086309A1 - Magnetic circuit arrangement for determining an electrical current - Google Patents
Magnetic circuit arrangement for determining an electrical current Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001086309A1 WO2001086309A1 PCT/IB2001/000513 IB0100513W WO0186309A1 WO 2001086309 A1 WO2001086309 A1 WO 2001086309A1 IB 0100513 W IB0100513 W IB 0100513W WO 0186309 A1 WO0186309 A1 WO 0186309A1
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- magnetic circuit
- circuit arrangement
- yoke
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- conductor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/20—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices
- G01R15/207—Constructional details independent of the type of device used
Definitions
- Magnetic circuit arrangement for determining an electrical current
- the invention relates to electrical measurement technology. It relates to a magnetic circuit arrangement for determining an electrical current according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the magnetic circuit arrangement is preferably used in an input part of a single-phase or multi-phase electricity meter which uses one or more types of energy, e.g. Measures active and / or reactive and / or apparent energy, possibly supplemented by determining additional electrical parameters, such as Power factors and / or effective values of the electrical current and / or an electrical voltage.
- energy e.g. Measures active and / or reactive and / or apparent energy, possibly supplemented by determining additional electrical parameters, such as Power factors and / or effective values of the electrical current and / or an electrical voltage.
- a magnetic circuit arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset is known from EP 0 886 147.
- An arrangement for achieving magnetic induction proportional to an electrical current at the location of a magnetic field sensor is described therein.
- This known arrangement consists of a ferromagnetic yoke, in the air gap of which a magnetic field sensor is arranged between ferromagnetic webs. With an adapted geometry, the ferromagnetic webs serve to concentrate the magnetic useful flux in the area of the magnetic field sensor.
- the ferromagnetic yoke has ends protruding like a balcony, which reduce the influence of external magnetic interference fields.
- the amount of costly ferromagnetic material used should be reduced to a minimum.
- a magnetic circuit arrangement is provided with a minimum of material, which also has a high linearity and high self-shielding against external fields.
- a conductor section and a magnetic field sensor arrangement connected to a printed circuit are inserted in a U-profile-like yoke made of single or multi-layer magnetic sheet metal in such a way that the U-profile almost tightly encloses the magnetic field sensor arrangement without using further magnetic webs for flux concentration.
- the air gap length over the free ends of the u-profile-like yoke is essentially as large as the thickness of the magnetic field sensor arrangement connected to the printed circuit, taking into account the dimensional stability of the yoke with regard to the manufacturing tolerances and different coefficients of thermal expansion.
- the number of components essential for the magnetic circuit arrangement has been significantly reduced, which is a fast, simple and, above all, reproducible assembly.
- the extremely compact design allows for minor assembly displacements of the individual components of the magnetic circuit arrangement, without a relevant deviation in measured values being ascertainable on the basis of these displacements. This leads to the desired robustness of the magnetic circuit arrangement, which guarantees a high measuring precision over years of operation and high assembly and disassembly reproducibility.
- the cross section of the relevant conductor section can also be adapted. This means that given the short length of the conductor section relevant to the current measurement of a few millimeters, its cross-section can be considerably reduced locally compared to the rest of the conductor without obtaining inadmissible heating due to the concentrated current density in this conductor section.
- the U-shaped yoke can be tapered at the free ends for a concentration of the useful flow. This tapering can take place, on the one hand, by narrowing the yoke width, or else by reducing the material thickness of the magnetic material.
- the material thickness is particularly easy to adjust with a multi-layer layered yoke if the individual layers are designed to be stepped towards the ends of the U-profile.
- the multi-layer design of the yoke protects against undesired eddy currents in the magnetic material if the individual layers are electrically insulated from one another by means of painting, for example.
- a particularly simple fastening of the yoke without operational mechanical loads enables a resilient latching element which presses the yoke against the conductor section arranged in this yoke.
- This locking element is also supported on cams on the conductor, so that the conductor with the yoke and the locking element form a structural unit. This means a significant simplification for the assembly of an electronic counter with the magnetic circuit arrangement according to the invention.
- insulation in the form of a plastic film for potential isolation between the electrical conductor and the magnetic field sensor connected to the printed circuit.
- a plastic film can be used to easily and economically set insulation distances and creepage distances as required.
- shielding against electrical interference fields can also be achieved by means of a conductive coating on this insulating plastic film.
- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view through the magnetic circuit arrangement along the section line A-A 'in Fig. 1,
- FIG. 3 shows a perspective illustration of an electrical conductor with a conductor section provided for the magnetic circuit arrangement
- 4a shows a perspective illustration of a yoke for the magnetic circuit arrangement
- Figure 5 is a perspective view of a resilient locking element.
- Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the
- Fig. 7 is a sectional view through the magnet arrangement along the section line B-B 'in Fig. 6;
- FIG. 8 shows a perspective illustration of the insulation in the form of a plastic film
- FIG. 9 shows a perspective illustration of three magnetic circuit arrangements arranged next to one another with common insulation
- Fig. 10 is a perspective view of magnetic field sensor arrangements on a printed
- FIG. 11 shows a perspective illustration of a further embodiment of the magnetic circuit arrangement according to the invention.
- FIG. 12 shows a perspective illustration of a further embodiment of the device according to the invention Magnetic circuit arrangement with an angled conductor
- FIG. 13 is a sectional view of the magnetic circuit arrangement along the section line C-C in FIG. 13.
- FIG. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of a magnetic circuit arrangement 1 according to the invention.
- This magnetic circuit arrangement 1 comprises a magnetic yoke 2, the air gap 8 of which closes via a magnetic field sensor arrangement 3 arranged on a printed circuit 4.
- the yoke 2 has a first and a second yoke section 2a, 2b which are connected to one another by means of a third yoke section 2c, the three yoke sections together having a U-shaped cross section.
- the free ends of the first and second yoke sections 2a, 2b are arranged essentially parallel to one another.
- the air gap length 1 is approximately the same as the thickness of the magnetic field sensor arrangement 3 with the printed circuit, whereby approximately the same size means that the magnetic field sensor arrangement 3 connected to the printed circuit almost completely fills the air gap 8 below Taking into account a manufacturing tolerance and different coefficients of thermal expansion of the yoke 2 and the magnetic field sensor arrangement 3 connected to the printed circuit 4.
- the magnetic field sensor arrangement 3 is preferably soldered directly to an assembly side of the printed circuit 4. Without leaving the essence of the invention, it is also conceivable to arrange the magnetic field sensor arrangement 3 to the side next to a printed circuit 4 and to connect it electrically.
- the yoke 2 is made in one piece from a ferromagnetic material. For this purpose, for example, a 6 to 8 mm wide magnetic sheet metal strip with a thickness of approximately 1 mm was bent in a U-profile, so that an air gap length 1 of approximately 3 mm is formed between the free ends of the first and second yoke sections 2a, 2b.
- the air gap 8 has a width a of approximately 6 to 8 mm at the location of the magnetic field sensor arrangement 3 and also a depth b of approximately 6 to 8 mm.
- the conductor section 5a introduced into the yoke see also FIG. 3, has a reduced cross section compared to the rest of the conductor 5. However, since the conductor section 5a is only about 6 to 8 mm long, the reduced cross section has no influence on the current flowing through this conductor section and the induction generated in the yoke.
- Conductor section 5a is preferably adapted to the shape of the third yoke section 2c of the U-shaped yoke. According to the shape of this yoke section 2c, the conductor section 5a, as illustrated in FIG. 2, should have an approximately rectangular cross section with rounded edges. Furthermore, it is also conceivable for the conductor section to have an elliptical or round cross section, as can be seen in FIG. 12, which will be mentioned again later.
- FIG. 4 shows two different configurations of the yoke 2.
- FIG. 4a shows a yoke whose yoke sections 2a, 2b, 2c have a uniform width a.
- 4b discloses a yoke 2, the first and second yoke sections 2a, 2b of which have a smaller width a 'towards their free ends than the third yoke section 2c connecting them.
- This narrower width a ' serves to concentrate the magnetic flux in the area of the air gap 8. As shown, the narrowing can be stepped or linear.
- FIG. 6 denotes an insulation which is designed here as a plastic film.
- This insulating film 7 surrounds the magnetic field sensor 3 connected to the printed circuit 4 at least in the area of the air gap 8.
- this plastic film 7 serves as insulation between the conductor section 5a and the printed circuit 4 or the magnetic field sensor 3.
- the plastic film 7 a leakage current path conforming to the standard is prepared by protruding correspondingly far out of the air gap 8 on all sides. It is also conceivable for the conductor section 5a and / or that connected to the printed circuit
- Magnetic field sensor 3 to be provided directly with insulation, not shown here.
- an insulating film 7 it is possible to provide an electrically conductive coating for the magnetic field sensor 3 for shielding against electric fields.
- the insulating plastic film 7 is only used when the magnetic field sensor 3 connected to the printed circuit 4 is at the potential of the conductor section 5a to be separated. This is particularly important when several - in the example three - magnetic field sensor arrangements 3 are connected to one and the same printed circuit 4 ', as shown in FIG. 9 in conjunction with FIG. 10, which are separated from the conductor potential by means of a common insulating film 7' ,
- FIG. 11 shows a further embodiment of the magnetic circuit arrangement 1, in which the yoke 2, 2 ', 2' 'is constructed in multiple layers.
- This structure allows a targeted influence on the controllability of the magnetic material used.
- the individual layers of the yoke (2; 2 '; 2' ') can, in addition to their differing geometry, consist of different magnetic materials for specifically influencing the linearity of the magnetic flux in these layers. If the individual layers 2, 2 ', 2' 'are electrically insulated from one another, eddy currents can be kept small or even prevented.
- the electrical conductor is constructed here from partial conductors 5 ′′ which are either connected in series as a coil or serve in parallel as a single current conductor.
- FIGS. 12 and 13 A further embodiment of the magnetic circuit arrangement is shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. It is clear from this that the yoke 2 can advantageously also be arranged at an angle relative to an electrical conductor 5 'without departing from the essence of the invention.
- the round cross-sectional shape of the conductor 5 ' has already been discussed above.
- Magnetic circuit arrangement Use in electronic meters for single-phase and multi-phase current measurement.
- One or more sensors from the group Hall sensor, coil, magnetoresistive bridge are used in each magnetic circuit arrangement.
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Abstract
Description
Magnetkreisanordnung zur Bestimmung eines elektrischen StromsMagnetic circuit arrangement for determining an electrical current
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf die elektrische Messtechnik. Sie betrifft eine Magnetkreisanordnung zur Bestimmung eines elektrischen Stroms gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to electrical measurement technology. It relates to a magnetic circuit arrangement for determining an electrical current according to the preamble of claim 1.
Die Magnetkreisanordnung wird vorzugsweise in einem Eingansteil eines Einphasen- oder Mehrphasen-Elektrizitätszählers verwendet, der eine oder mehrer Arten Energie, wie z.B. Wirk- und/oder Blind- und/oder Scheinenergie misst, gegebenenfalls ergänzt durch Ermittlungen weiterer elektrischer Parameter, wie z.B. Leistungsfaktoren und/oder Effektivwerte des elektrischen Stroms und/oder einer elektrischen Spannung.The magnetic circuit arrangement is preferably used in an input part of a single-phase or multi-phase electricity meter which uses one or more types of energy, e.g. Measures active and / or reactive and / or apparent energy, possibly supplemented by determining additional electrical parameters, such as Power factors and / or effective values of the electrical current and / or an electrical voltage.
Eine Magnetkreisanordnung der eingangs genannten Art ist bekannt aus der EP 0 886 147. Hierin ist eine Anordnung zur Erzielung einer zu einem elektrischen Strom proportionalen magnetischen Induktion am Ort eines Magnetfeldsensors beschrieben. Diese bekannte Anordnung besteht aus einem ferromagnetischen Joch, in dessen Luftspalt ein Magnetfeldsensor zwischen ferromagnetischen Stegen angeordnet ist. Die ferromagnetischen Stege dienen mit einer angepassten Geometrie der Konzentration des magnetischen Nutzflusses im Bereich des Magnetfeldsensors. Darüber hinaus weist das ferromagnetische Joch balkonartig vorstehende Enden auf, die den Einfluss äusserer magnetischer Störfelder reduzieren. Obwohl diese bekannte Anordnung gute Messeigenschaften aufweist und niedrige Herstellungskosten, zeigt sich dennoch, dass die Aufwendungen für das verarbeitete ferromagnetische Material am Joch und an den Stegen und die Fertigung der verschiedenen Bauteile und deren Montage bedeutend sind.A magnetic circuit arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset is known from EP 0 886 147. An arrangement for achieving magnetic induction proportional to an electrical current at the location of a magnetic field sensor is described therein. This known arrangement consists of a ferromagnetic yoke, in the air gap of which a magnetic field sensor is arranged between ferromagnetic webs. With an adapted geometry, the ferromagnetic webs serve to concentrate the magnetic useful flux in the area of the magnetic field sensor. In addition, the ferromagnetic yoke has ends protruding like a balcony, which reduce the influence of external magnetic interference fields. Although this known arrangement has good measuring properties and low manufacturing costs, it is nevertheless shown that the expenditure for the processed ferromagnetic material on the yoke and on the webs and the production of the various components and their assembly are significant.
Es ist deshalb Aufgabe der Erfindung eine Magnetkreisanordnung der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiterzuentwickeln, dass eine einfachere Herstellung der einzelnen Bauteile und eine einfachere Montage der Bauteile ermöglicht wird. Darüber hinaus sollte insbesondere die verwendete Menge des kostenintensiven ferromagnetischen Materials auf das Nötigste reduziert werden.It is therefore an object of the invention to further develop a magnetic circuit arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that simpler manufacture of the individual components and easier assembly of the components is made possible. In addition, the amount of costly ferromagnetic material used should be reduced to a minimum.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Von besonderem Vorteil ist, dass mit minimalem Materialaufwand eine Magnetkreisanordnung bereitgestellt wird, die darüber hinaus eine hohe Linearität und eine hohe Selbstschirmung gegen Fremdfelder aufweist. Hierfür sind in ein U-profilartiges Joch aus ein- oder mehrlagigem Magnetblech ein Leiterabschnitt und eine mit einer gedruckten Schaltung verbundene Magnetfeldsensoranordnung derart eingesetzt, dass das U-Profil ohne Verwendung weiterer magnetischer Stege zur Flusskonzentration, annähernd die Magnetfeldsensoranordnung eng umschliesst. Die Luftspaltlange über den freien Enden des ü-profilartigen Jochs ist unter Berücksichtigung der Formstabilität des Jochs hinsichtlich der Fertigungstoleranzen und unterschiedlichen thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten - im wesentlichen so gross wie die Dicke der mit der gedruckten Schaltung verbundenen Magnetfeldsensoranordnung .This object is solved by the features of claim 1. It is particularly advantageous that a magnetic circuit arrangement is provided with a minimum of material, which also has a high linearity and high self-shielding against external fields. For this purpose, a conductor section and a magnetic field sensor arrangement connected to a printed circuit are inserted in a U-profile-like yoke made of single or multi-layer magnetic sheet metal in such a way that the U-profile almost tightly encloses the magnetic field sensor arrangement without using further magnetic webs for flux concentration. The air gap length over the free ends of the u-profile-like yoke is essentially as large as the thickness of the magnetic field sensor arrangement connected to the printed circuit, taking into account the dimensional stability of the yoke with regard to the manufacturing tolerances and different coefficients of thermal expansion.
Wegen der Reduzierung des verwendeten Magnetmaterials auf das Nötigste und der einfachen Form des Jochs, ist die Anzahl der für die Magnetkreisanordnung wesentlichen Bauteile massgeblich verkleinert worden, was einer schnellen, einfachen und vor allem reproduzierbaren Montage entgegenkommt. Der äusserst kompakte Aufbau lässt kleinere Montageverschiebungen der einzelnen Bauteile der Magnetkreisanordnung zu, ohne dass eine relevante Messwertabweichung aufgrund dieser Verschiebungen feststellbar ist. Dies führt zu einer angestrebten Robustheit der Magnet- kreisanordnung, die eine hohe Messpräzision über jahrelange Betriebszeiten und hohe Montage- bzw. Demontagereproduzier- barkeit gewährleistet. Für die enge Anpassung der geometrischen Abmessungen des U- profilartigen Jochs an die mit der gedruckten Schaltung verbundenen Magnetfeldsensoranordnung, kann ebenfalls der relevante Leiterabschnitt, dessen Stromdurchfluss den Nutzfluss in diesem Joch generiert, in seinem Querschnitt angepasst werden. Dies bedeutet, dass bei der geringen Länge des für die Strommessung relevanten Leiterabschnitts von wenigen Millimetern, sein Querschnitt gegenüber dem übrigen Leiter lokal erheblich verkleinert werden kann, ohne eine unzulässige Erwärmung aufgrund der konzentrierten Stromdichte in diesem Leiterabschnitt zu erhalten.Due to the reduction of the magnetic material used to the bare minimum and the simple shape of the yoke, the number of components essential for the magnetic circuit arrangement has been significantly reduced, which is a fast, simple and, above all, reproducible assembly. The extremely compact design allows for minor assembly displacements of the individual components of the magnetic circuit arrangement, without a relevant deviation in measured values being ascertainable on the basis of these displacements. This leads to the desired robustness of the magnetic circuit arrangement, which guarantees a high measuring precision over years of operation and high assembly and disassembly reproducibility. For the close adaptation of the geometric dimensions of the U-profile-like yoke to the magnetic field sensor arrangement connected to the printed circuit, the cross section of the relevant conductor section, the current flow of which generates the useful flow in this yoke, can also be adapted. This means that given the short length of the conductor section relevant to the current measurement of a few millimeters, its cross-section can be considerably reduced locally compared to the rest of the conductor without obtaining inadmissible heating due to the concentrated current density in this conductor section.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist, dass aufgrund der kleinen geometrischen Abmessungen der Magnetkreisanordnung äussere magnetische Störfelder einen verschwindend geringen Einfluss haben auf den Nutzfluss im Joch, so dass von einer aufwendigen Abschirmung gegen diese Störfeider abgesehen werden kann. Die erfindungsgemässe Ausgestaltung der Magnetkreisanordnung ist gegenüber herkömmlichen Anordnungen nicht nur wesentlich einfacher aufgebaut, sondern darüber hinaus bedeutend preiswerter.It is particularly advantageous that, due to the small geometric dimensions of the magnetic circuit arrangement, external magnetic interference fields have a negligible influence on the useful flow in the yoke, so that complex shielding against these interference sources can be dispensed with. The configuration of the magnetic circuit arrangement according to the invention is not only much simpler in construction than conventional arrangements, but is also significantly cheaper.
Für eine Konzentration des Nutzflusses kann das U-profilartige Joch an den freien Enden verjüngt ausgestaltet sein. Diese Verjüngung kann zum einen mittels Verschmälerung der Jochbreite erfolgen, oder aber durch eine Abnahme der Materialdicke des Magnetmaterials erzielt werden. Besonders einfach ist die Materialdicke mit einem mehrlagig geschichteten Joch anpassbar, wenn die einzelnen Lagen zu den Enden des U-Profils gestuft ausgeführt sind. Darüber hinaus schützt die mehrlagige Ausführung des Jochs vor unerwünschten Wirbelströmen im Magnetmaterial, wenn die einzelnen Lagen - mittels Lackierung beispielsweise - elektrisch gegeneinander isoliert sind. Eine besonders einfache Befestigung des Jochs ohne betriebsbedingte, mechanische Belastungen ermöglicht ein federndes Rastelement, das das Joch gegen den in diesem Joch angeordneten Leiterabschnitt drückt. Dieses Rastelement stützt sich zudem an Nocken am Leiter auf, so dass der Leiter mit dem Joch und Rastelement eine Baueinheit darstellen. Dies bedeutet für die Montage eines elektronischen Zählers mit der erfindungsgemässen Magnetkreisanordnung eine wesentliche Vereinfachung .The U-shaped yoke can be tapered at the free ends for a concentration of the useful flow. This tapering can take place, on the one hand, by narrowing the yoke width, or else by reducing the material thickness of the magnetic material. The material thickness is particularly easy to adjust with a multi-layer layered yoke if the individual layers are designed to be stepped towards the ends of the U-profile. In addition, the multi-layer design of the yoke protects against undesired eddy currents in the magnetic material if the individual layers are electrically insulated from one another by means of painting, for example. A particularly simple fastening of the yoke without operational mechanical loads enables a resilient latching element which presses the yoke against the conductor section arranged in this yoke. This locking element is also supported on cams on the conductor, so that the conductor with the yoke and the locking element form a structural unit. This means a significant simplification for the assembly of an electronic counter with the magnetic circuit arrangement according to the invention.
Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, zur Potentialtrennung zwischen dem elektrischen Leiter und dem mit der gedruckten Schaltung verbundenen Magnetfeldsensor eine Isolierung in Form von einer Kunststofffolie zu verwenden. Mittels einer derartigen Kunststofffolie lassen sich nämlich auf einfache und wirtschaftliche Weise normgerechte Isolationsstrecken und Kriechwege nach Bedarf einstellen. Darüber hinaus ist mittels einer leitfähigen Beschichtung auf dieser isolierenden Kunststofffolie auch eine Abschirmung gegen elektrische Störfelder erzielbar.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided to use insulation in the form of a plastic film for potential isolation between the electrical conductor and the magnetic field sensor connected to the printed circuit. Such a plastic film can be used to easily and economically set insulation distances and creepage distances as required. In addition, shielding against electrical interference fields can also be achieved by means of a conductive coating on this insulating plastic film.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher beschrieben.Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are described in more detail below.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung einerFig. 1 is a perspective view of a
Magnetkreisanordnung nach der Erfindung;Magnetic circuit arrangement according to the invention;
Fig. 2 eine Schnittdarstellung durch die Magnetkreisanordnung entlang der Schnittlinie A-A' in Fig. 1 ,-2 is a sectional view through the magnetic circuit arrangement along the section line A-A 'in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines elektrischen Leiters mit einem für die Magnetkreisanordnung vorgesehenen Leiterabschnitt ; Fig. 4a eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Jochs für die Magnetkreisanordnung;3 shows a perspective illustration of an electrical conductor with a conductor section provided for the magnetic circuit arrangement; 4a shows a perspective illustration of a yoke for the magnetic circuit arrangement;
Fig. 4b eine weitere Ausführungsform des Jochs mit schmaleren Jochabschnitten;4b shows a further embodiment of the yoke with narrower yoke sections;
Fig. 5 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines federnden Rastelementes ;Figure 5 is a perspective view of a resilient locking element.
Fig. 6 eine perspektivische Darstellung derFig. 6 is a perspective view of the
Magnetkreisanordnung mit einer Isolierung,-Magnetic circuit arrangement with insulation,
Fig. 7 eine Schnittdarstellung durch die Magnetanordnung entlang der Schnittlinie B-B ' in Fig. 6;Fig. 7 is a sectional view through the magnet arrangement along the section line B-B 'in Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 eine perspektivische Darstellung der Isolierung in Form einer Kunststofffolie;8 shows a perspective illustration of the insulation in the form of a plastic film;
Fig. 9 eine perspektivische Darstellung von drei nebeneinander angeordneten Magnetkreisanordnungen mit gemeinsamer Isolierung;9 shows a perspective illustration of three magnetic circuit arrangements arranged next to one another with common insulation;
Fig. 10 eine perspektivische Darstellung von Magnetfeldsensoranordnungen auf einer gedrucktenFig. 10 is a perspective view of magnetic field sensor arrangements on a printed
Schaltung;Circuit;
Fig. 11 eine perspektivische Darstellung einer weiteren erfindungsgemässen Ausführungsform der Magnetkreisanordnung;11 shows a perspective illustration of a further embodiment of the magnetic circuit arrangement according to the invention;
Fig. 12 eine perspektivische Darstellung einer weiteren erfindungsgemässen Ausführungsform der Magnetkreisanordnung mit abgewinkelt angeordnetem Leiter, und12 shows a perspective illustration of a further embodiment of the device according to the invention Magnetic circuit arrangement with an angled conductor, and
Fig. 13 eine Schnittdarstellung der Magnetkreisanordnung entlang der Schnittlinie C-C in Fig. 13.13 is a sectional view of the magnetic circuit arrangement along the section line C-C in FIG. 13.
Die Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 zeigen eine erste Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemässen Magnetkreisanordnung 1. Diese Magnetkreisanordnung 1 umfasst ein magnetisches Joch 2, dessen Luftspalt 8 sich über eine auf einer gedruckten Schaltung 4 angeordneten Magnetfeldsensoranordnung 3 schliesst. Das Joch 2 weist einen ersten und einen zweiten Jochabschnitt 2a, 2b auf, die mittels eines dritten Jochabschnitts 2c miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die drei Jochabschnitte zusammen einen U- profilartigen Querschnitt aufweisen. Die freien Enden des ersten und zweiten Jochabschnitts 2a, 2b sind im wesentlichen parallel zueinander angeordnet. Zwischen diesen parallelen Enden der Jochabschnitte 2a, 2b ist die Luftspaltl nge 1 annähernd gleich gross wie die Dicke der Magnetfeldsensoranordnung 3 mit der gedruckten Schaltung, wobei annähernd gleich gross bedeutet, dass die mit der gedruckten Schaltung verbundene Magnetfeldsensoranordnung 3 den Luftspalt 8 beinah vollständig ausfüllt unter Berücksichtigung einer Fertigungstoleranz und unterschiedlicher thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizienten des Jochs 2 und der mit der gedruckten Schaltung 4 verbundenen Magnetfeldsensoranordnung 3.1 and 2 show a first embodiment of a magnetic circuit arrangement 1 according to the invention. This magnetic circuit arrangement 1 comprises a magnetic yoke 2, the air gap 8 of which closes via a magnetic field sensor arrangement 3 arranged on a printed circuit 4. The yoke 2 has a first and a second yoke section 2a, 2b which are connected to one another by means of a third yoke section 2c, the three yoke sections together having a U-shaped cross section. The free ends of the first and second yoke sections 2a, 2b are arranged essentially parallel to one another. Between these parallel ends of the yoke sections 2a, 2b, the air gap length 1 is approximately the same as the thickness of the magnetic field sensor arrangement 3 with the printed circuit, whereby approximately the same size means that the magnetic field sensor arrangement 3 connected to the printed circuit almost completely fills the air gap 8 below Taking into account a manufacturing tolerance and different coefficients of thermal expansion of the yoke 2 and the magnetic field sensor arrangement 3 connected to the printed circuit 4.
Die Magnetfeldsensoranordnung 3 ist vorzugsweise direkt auf einer Bestückungsseite der gedruckten Schaltung 4 verlötet. Ohne den Kern der Erfindung zu verlassen ist ebenfalls denkbar, die Magnetfeldsensoranordnung 3 seitlich neben einer gedruckten Schaltung 4 anzuordnen und elektrisch zu verbinden. In einer bevorzugten Ausführung ist das Joch 2 einstückig aus einem ferromagn tischen Material hergestellt. Hierfür wurde beispielsweise ein 6 bis 8 mm breiter Magnetblechstreifen mit einer Stärke von etwa 1 mm U-profilartig gebogen, so dass sich zwischen den freien Enden des ersten und zweiten Jochabschnitts 2a, 2b eine Luftspaltlange 1 von etwa 3 mm ausbildet. Zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Jochabschnitt 2a, 2b befindet sich ein Leiterabschnitt 5a eines elektrischen Leiters 5, dessen zu messender Stromfluss (nicht dargestellt) eine entsprechende Induktion im Joch 2 herbeiführt. Der Luftspalt 8 hat wie die Jochabschnitte 2a, 2b am Ort der Magnetfeldsensoranordnung 3 eine Breite a von etwa 6 bis 8 mm und ebenso eine Tiefe b von etwa 6 bis 8 mm.The magnetic field sensor arrangement 3 is preferably soldered directly to an assembly side of the printed circuit 4. Without leaving the essence of the invention, it is also conceivable to arrange the magnetic field sensor arrangement 3 to the side next to a printed circuit 4 and to connect it electrically. In a preferred embodiment, the yoke 2 is made in one piece from a ferromagnetic material. For this purpose, for example, a 6 to 8 mm wide magnetic sheet metal strip with a thickness of approximately 1 mm was bent in a U-profile, so that an air gap length 1 of approximately 3 mm is formed between the free ends of the first and second yoke sections 2a, 2b. Between the first and second yoke sections 2a, 2b there is a conductor section 5a of an electrical conductor 5, the current flow of which is to be measured (not shown) brings about a corresponding induction in the yoke 2. Like the yoke sections 2a, 2b, the air gap 8 has a width a of approximately 6 to 8 mm at the location of the magnetic field sensor arrangement 3 and also a depth b of approximately 6 to 8 mm.
Der in das Joch eingebrachte Leiterabschnitt 5a, siehe auch Fig. 3, hat gegenüber dem übrigen Leiter 5 einen verkleinerten Querschnitt. Da der Leiterabschnitt 5a aber nur etwa 6 bis 8 mm lang ist, nimmt der verkleinerte Querschnitt keinerlei Einfluss auf den durch diesen Leiterabschnitt fliessenden Strom und die im Joch generierte Induktion. Der Querschnitt desThe conductor section 5a introduced into the yoke, see also FIG. 3, has a reduced cross section compared to the rest of the conductor 5. However, since the conductor section 5a is only about 6 to 8 mm long, the reduced cross section has no influence on the current flowing through this conductor section and the induction generated in the yoke. The cross section of the
Leiterabschnitts 5a ist vorzugsweise der Form des dritten Jochabschnitts 2c des U-profilartigen Jochs angepasst. Entsprechend der Form diese Jochabschnitts 2c sollte der Leiterabschnitt 5a, wie die Fig. 2 erhellt, einen annähernd rechteckigen Querschnitt mit abgerundeten Kanten aufweisen. Des weitern ist auch denkbar, dass der Leiterabschnitt einen elliptischen oder runden Querschnitt hat, wie der später nochmals zu erwähnenden Fig. 12 entnehmbar ist.Conductor section 5a is preferably adapted to the shape of the third yoke section 2c of the U-shaped yoke. According to the shape of this yoke section 2c, the conductor section 5a, as illustrated in FIG. 2, should have an approximately rectangular cross section with rounded edges. Furthermore, it is also conceivable for the conductor section to have an elliptical or round cross section, as can be seen in FIG. 12, which will be mentioned again later.
Auf der dem Leiterabschnitt 5a abgewandten Seite weist derOn the side facing away from the conductor section 5a, the
Leiters 5 Anschlusslaschen 9 für die Zuführung eines Stroms auf, und zwischen diesen Anschlusslaschen 9 und dem Leiterabschnitt 5a sind Nocken 5b für die Befestigung des Jochs 2 vorgesehen. Mittels eines federnden Rastelements 6, das in Fig. 5 perspektivisch alleine dargestellt ist, wird das Joch 2 gegen den Leiterabschnitt 5a gehalten, wobei sich dieses Rastelement 6 gegen die Nocken 5b am Leiter 5 abstützt.Conductor 5 connecting tabs 9 for supplying a current, and between these connecting tabs 9 and the conductor section 5a, cams 5b are provided for fastening the yoke 2. By means of a resilient locking element 6, which in FIG. 5 Perspectively shown alone, the yoke 2 is held against the conductor section 5a, this latching element 6 being supported against the cams 5b on the conductor 5.
Fig. 4 zeigt zwei verschiedene Ausgestaltungen des Jochs 2. In Fig. 4a ist ein Joch dargestellt, dessen Jochabschnitte 2a, 2b, 2c eine einheitliche Breite a aufweisen. Fig. 4b offenbart ein Joch 2, dessen erster und zweiter Jochabschnitt 2a, 2b zu ihren freien Enden hin eine kleinere Breite a' aufweisen als der sie verbindende dritte Jochabschnitt 2c. Diese schmalere Breite a' dient der Konzentration des magnetischen Flusses in Bereich des Luftspalts 8. Die Verschmälerung kann - wie gezeigt - gestuft ausgebildet sein oder linear.FIG. 4 shows two different configurations of the yoke 2. FIG. 4a shows a yoke whose yoke sections 2a, 2b, 2c have a uniform width a. 4b discloses a yoke 2, the first and second yoke sections 2a, 2b of which have a smaller width a 'towards their free ends than the third yoke section 2c connecting them. This narrower width a 'serves to concentrate the magnetic flux in the area of the air gap 8. As shown, the narrowing can be stepped or linear.
In Fig. 6, Fig. 7 und Fig. 8 ist mit 7 eine Isolierung bezeichnet, die hier als eine Kunststofffolie ausgebildet ist. Diese Isolierfolie 7 umgibt den mit der gedruckten Schaltung 4 verbundenen Magnetfeldsensor 3 mindestens im Bereich des Luftspalts 8. Im Luftspalt 8 dient diese Kunststofffolie 7 als Isolierung zwischen dem Leiterabschnitt 5a und der gedruckten Schaltung 4 bzw. dem Magnetfeldsensor 3. Darüber hinaus stellt die Kunststofffolie 7 einen normgerechten Kriechstromweg bereit, indem sie entsprechend weit aus dem Luftspalt 8 zu allen Seiten herausragt. Ebenfalls denkbar ist, den Leiterabschnitt 5a und/oder den mit der gedruckten Schaltung verbundenenIn FIG. 6, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, 7 denotes an insulation which is designed here as a plastic film. This insulating film 7 surrounds the magnetic field sensor 3 connected to the printed circuit 4 at least in the area of the air gap 8. In the air gap 8, this plastic film 7 serves as insulation between the conductor section 5a and the printed circuit 4 or the magnetic field sensor 3. In addition, the plastic film 7 a leakage current path conforming to the standard is prepared by protruding correspondingly far out of the air gap 8 on all sides. It is also conceivable for the conductor section 5a and / or that connected to the printed circuit
Magnetfeldsensor 3 direkt mit einer hier nicht dargestellten Isolierung zu versehen. Bei Verwendung einer Isolierfolie 7 ist es möglich, zum Magnetfeldsensor 3 ein elektrisch leitende Beschichtung vorzusehen zur Abschirmung gegen elektrische Felder.Magnetic field sensor 3 to be provided directly with insulation, not shown here. When using an insulating film 7, it is possible to provide an electrically conductive coating for the magnetic field sensor 3 for shielding against electric fields.
Selbstverständlich gelangt die isolierenden Kunststofffolie 7 nur dann zum Einsatz, wenn der mit der gedruckten Schaltung 4 verbundene Magnetfeldsensor 3 vom Potential des Leiterabschnitts 5a getrennt werden soll. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Bedeutung, wenn mehrere - im Beispielsfall drei - Magnetfeldsensoranordnungen 3 mit ein und derselben gedruckten Schaltung 4' verbunden sind, wie Fig. 9 in Verbindung mit Fig. 10 zeigt, die mittels einer gemeinsamen Isolierfolie 7' vom Leiterpotential getrennt sind.Of course, the insulating plastic film 7 is only used when the magnetic field sensor 3 connected to the printed circuit 4 is at the potential of the conductor section 5a to be separated. This is particularly important when several - in the example three - magnetic field sensor arrangements 3 are connected to one and the same printed circuit 4 ', as shown in FIG. 9 in conjunction with FIG. 10, which are separated from the conductor potential by means of a common insulating film 7' ,
Fig. 11 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform der Magnetkreisanordnung 1, bei der das Joch 2, 2', 2' ' mehrlagig aufgebaut ist. Dieser Aufbau erlaubt gezielt Einfluss auf die Aussteuerbarkeit des verwendeten magnetischen Materials zu nehmen. Hierfür können die einzelnen Lagen des Jochs (2; 2'; 2 ' ' ) zusätzlich zu ihrer voneinander abweichenden Geometrie aus unterschiedlichen magnetischen Materialien zur gezielten Beeinflussung der Linearität des magnetischen Flusses in diesen Lagen bestehen. Sind die einzelnen Lagen 2, 2', 2' ' gegeneinander elektrisch isoliert, können Wirbelströmen klein gehalten oder gar verhindert werden. Der elektrische Leiter ist hier aus Teilleitern 5'' aufgebaut, die entweder als Spule hintereinander verschaltet sind oder parallel als ein einziger Stromleiter dienen.11 shows a further embodiment of the magnetic circuit arrangement 1, in which the yoke 2, 2 ', 2' 'is constructed in multiple layers. This structure allows a targeted influence on the controllability of the magnetic material used. For this purpose, the individual layers of the yoke (2; 2 '; 2' ') can, in addition to their differing geometry, consist of different magnetic materials for specifically influencing the linearity of the magnetic flux in these layers. If the individual layers 2, 2 ', 2' 'are electrically insulated from one another, eddy currents can be kept small or even prevented. The electrical conductor is constructed here from partial conductors 5 ″ which are either connected in series as a coil or serve in parallel as a single current conductor.
Eine weitere Ausführungsform der Magnetkreisanordnung zeigen die Fig. 12 und Fig. 13. Hieraus wird deutlich, dass das Joch 2 gegenüber einem elektrischen Leiter 5 ' vorteilhafterweise auch abgewinkelt angeordnet werden kann ohne das Wesen der Erfindung zu verlassen. Auf die runde Querschnittsform des Leiters 5' wurde bereits oben eingegangen.A further embodiment of the magnetic circuit arrangement is shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. It is clear from this that the yoke 2 can advantageously also be arranged at an angle relative to an electrical conductor 5 'without departing from the essence of the invention. The round cross-sectional shape of the conductor 5 'has already been discussed above.
Mit besonderem Vorteil findet die erfindungsgemässeThe invention is particularly advantageous
Magnetkreisanordnung Verwendung bei elektronischen Zählern für die einphasige und mehrphasige Strommessung. Dabei gelangen in jeder Magnetkreisanordnung ein oder mehrere Sensoren aus der Gruppe Hallsensor, Spule, magnetoresistive Brücke zu Einsatz. BEZUGSZEICHENMagnetic circuit arrangement Use in electronic meters for single-phase and multi-phase current measurement. One or more sensors from the group Hall sensor, coil, magnetoresistive bridge are used in each magnetic circuit arrangement. REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Magnetkreisanordnung1 magnetic circuit arrangement
2 , 2 ' , Joch 2' '2, 2 ', yoke 2' '
2a, b, Jochabschnitt c2a, b, yoke section c
2a', Jochabschnitt b' , C2a ', yoke section b', C
3 Magnetfeldsensoranordnung3 magnetic field sensor arrangement
4, 4' gedruckte Schaltung4, 4 'printed circuit
5, 5' elektrischer Leiter 5' ' Teilleiter5, 5 'electrical conductor 5' 'partial conductor
5a Leiterabschnitt5a conductor section
5b Nocke am Leiter5b cam on the ladder
6 federnder Clip6 spring clips
7, 7' Isolierung7, 7 'insulation
8 Luftspalt8 air gap
9 Anschlusslasche a, a' Luftspaltbreite b Luftspalttiefe 1 Luftspaltlange 9 Connection lug a, a 'Air gap width b Air gap depth 1 Air gap length
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2001239508A AU2001239508A1 (en) | 2000-05-09 | 2001-03-28 | Magnetic circuit arrangement for determining an electrical current |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2000122316 DE10022316A1 (en) | 2000-05-09 | 2000-05-09 | Magnetic circuit arrangement for determining electric current, has air gap length corresponding to thickness of magnetic field sensor joined to printed circuit |
| DE10022316.8 | 2000-05-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2001086309A1 true WO2001086309A1 (en) | 2001-11-15 |
Family
ID=7641150
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2001/000513 Ceased WO2001086309A1 (en) | 2000-05-09 | 2001-03-28 | Magnetic circuit arrangement for determining an electrical current |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2001239508A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE10022316A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001086309A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1965217A1 (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2008-09-03 | Liaisons Electroniques-Mecaniques Lem S.A. | High bandwidth open-loop current sensor |
| WO2010058435A1 (en) * | 2008-11-18 | 2010-05-27 | Alberto Bauer | Construction system for an electrical current and/or voltage sensor |
| EP2541261A1 (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2013-01-02 | PsiControl Mechatronics | Device and procedure for current detection |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6781359B2 (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2004-08-24 | Allegro Microsystems, Inc. | Integrated current sensor |
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| JP3007553B2 (en) * | 1995-03-24 | 2000-02-07 | 日本レム株式会社 | Current sensor |
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- 2001-03-28 WO PCT/IB2001/000513 patent/WO2001086309A1/en not_active Ceased
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| EP1965217A1 (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2008-09-03 | Liaisons Electroniques-Mecaniques Lem S.A. | High bandwidth open-loop current sensor |
| WO2008107773A1 (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2008-09-12 | Liaisons Electroniques-Mecaniques Lem S.A. | High bandwidth open-loop current sensor |
| US7977934B2 (en) | 2007-03-02 | 2011-07-12 | Liaisons Electroniques-Mechaniques Lem S.A. | High bandwidth open-loop current sensor |
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| WO2010058435A1 (en) * | 2008-11-18 | 2010-05-27 | Alberto Bauer | Construction system for an electrical current and/or voltage sensor |
| US8686716B2 (en) | 2008-11-18 | 2014-04-01 | Green Seas Venture, Ltd. | Electrical current and/or voltage sensor with a screening element for a source electrode and electrical field sensor |
| EP2541261A1 (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2013-01-02 | PsiControl Mechatronics | Device and procedure for current detection |
| BE1020034A3 (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2013-04-02 | Psi Control Mechatronics | DEVICE FOR DETECTING A CURRENT, A VEHICLE AND A METHOD. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10022316A1 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
| AU2001239508A1 (en) | 2001-11-20 |
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