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WO2001078793A1 - Procede de sterilisation pour steriliser l'air, un liquide ou des surfaces - Google Patents

Procede de sterilisation pour steriliser l'air, un liquide ou des surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001078793A1
WO2001078793A1 PCT/US2001/011553 US0111553W WO0178793A1 WO 2001078793 A1 WO2001078793 A1 WO 2001078793A1 US 0111553 W US0111553 W US 0111553W WO 0178793 A1 WO0178793 A1 WO 0178793A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sterilizing agent
living matter
oxygen
ozone
sterilizing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2001/011553
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Frank A. Eldredge
Terrance E. Hill
Emil R. Talamo
Robert A. Yano
Robert J. Geoghegan
Thomas A. Pettenski
Glenn Camstra
Peter M. Carlisle
Gregory D. Gregoriades
Lee F. Fredette
Grant M. Hampel
Mathew E. Huntwork
Andrew Valentine
John Moorehead
Lindy Dejarme
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PURIZER Corp
Original Assignee
PURIZER Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PURIZER Corp filed Critical PURIZER Corp
Priority to AU2001253297A priority Critical patent/AU2001253297A1/en
Publication of WO2001078793A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001078793A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
    • A61L2/18—Liquid substances or solutions comprising solids or dissolved gases
    • A61L2/186—Peroxide solutions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
    • A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
    • A23B2/70—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with chemicals
    • A23B2/704—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
    • A23B2/721—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere comprising other gases in addition to CO2, N2, O2 or H2O
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
    • A23B4/00—Preservation of meat, sausages, fish or fish products
    • A23B4/14—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12
    • A23B4/16—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
    • A23B7/00—Preservation of fruit or vegetables; Chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by group A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
    • A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by group A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
    • A23B7/152—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by group A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere comprising other gases in addition to CO2, N2, O2 or H2O ; Elimination of such other gases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
    • A61L2/20—Gaseous substances, e.g. vapours
    • A61L2/202—Ozone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
    • C01B13/10—Preparation of ozone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B15/00—Peroxides; Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof; Superoxides; Ozonides
    • C01B15/01—Hydrogen peroxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
    • A61L2/08—Radiation
    • A61L2/10—Ultraviolet radiation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2202/00—Aspects relating to methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects
    • A61L2202/10—Apparatus features
    • A61L2202/11—Apparatus for generating biocidal substances, e.g. vaporisers, UV lamps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/003—Wastewater from hospitals, laboratories and the like, heavily contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/32—Details relating to UV-irradiation devices
    • C02F2201/322—Lamp arrangement
    • C02F2201/3223—Single elongated lamp located on the central axis of a turbular reactor

Definitions

  • the present invention generally deals with methods and apparatuses for rendering living matter, particularly microorganisms non-viable. More specifically, the methods deal with creating a sterilizing agent of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and other oxidizing agents in sufficient concentrations to ensure almost 100% non-viability of microorganisms with appropriate exposure
  • the apparatuses generate the required sterilizing agent from ozone (O 3 ), moisture and ultraviolet light.
  • Systems use the sterilizing agent to treat water, air and material surfaces to prevent contamination and disease and to control
  • filters One of the oldest methods for removing contaminants from a fluid, whether air or water, is filters. Whether treating drinking water, waste water or air, filters, if properly used and maintained, can be an effective weapon j against biological contaminants. However, filters are often ignored. Typically, there is no preventative maintenance of filters and often times filters are not replaced at regular intervals. This results in ineffective biological contaminant removal. Often, the filters become breeding grounds for biological contaminants thus increasing their concentrations. Air filters have often been used to treat microorganisms in the air. In
  • Air filters are expensive and must be regularly changed and the HVAC systems must be maintained. For a number of reasons, including cost, irregular maintenance and improper maintenance, filters fail and bacteria, viruses and microorganisms are not removed from the air. Even if the filters catch most of the living matter, the filters do not destroy the living matter, they only concentrate it. Even sophisticated filters, including reverse osmosis and HEPA filters, perform well, but the biological agents are never destroyed, only concentrated. The high concentration of biological agents may cause the filters to break down. When the filter fails, high concentrations of both innocuous organisms and highly dangerous organisms can be released into the systems simultaneously. These organisms can produce serious illness and even death. In order to filter out biological threats, a very fine filter must be used. This causes a huge pressure drop across the filter. In order to get the filter to perform properly, a relatively large fan or pump must be used to move fluids
  • Ozone has been used for purification and sterilization since at least the early 1890's, when it was used to treat drinking water in Europe.
  • Ozone is an unstable molecule comprised of three atoms of oxygen. It is formed by the excitation of molecular oxygen into atomic oxygen in an emerging environment. This allows the recombination of an excited oxygen atom with an excited oxygen molecule.
  • Ozone is an unstable molecule. It is also a powerful oxidizing agent.
  • Ozone in high enough concentrations is effective against both microbial contaminants and some volatile organic compounds and, because of its short half-life, ozone creates relatively low environmental impact in comparison to other sterilization methods.
  • ozone has a relatively short half-life, it breaks down into regular oxygen molecules rapidly, and, as a result, it generally must be generated on-site for sterilization processes.
  • UV Ultraviolet Light
  • Ultraviolet light has been used on a commercial basis as an effective sterilant since about the beginning of the 20th century.
  • Ultraviolet light which is a form of electromagnetic radiation, is most effective as a sterilant when it is produced in a frequency range of 220-300 nanometers (frequently referred to as the "abiotic" region), and is most effective when the germicidal wavelengths correspond with the wavelengths most absorbed by nucleic acids and when the materials to be sterilized are directly exposed to the radiation.
  • Ultraviolet light radiation acts on cellular deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to effect lethal changes in microbes, and can be used in place of chlorine in water treatment without any adverse affects on wildlife and other organisms. Ultraviolet irradiation does not require the use of harmful chemicals and does not leave harmful residues, but it is not generally accepted in the United States, in part because
  • Ultraviolet light alone is not particularly effective in killing microorganisms but is toxic in high concentrations, particularly in media with limited transmittance (murky water) or with complex surfaces that create
  • Chlorine treatment is designed to be the final treatment stage in potable water treatment.
  • Water treatment processes are designed to put enough chlorine in the water so that the chlorine in the water does not dissipate until the water is used.
  • those close to the central treatment facility taste and smell the chlorine residue. This residue is rather unpleasant.
  • those far away from the central treatment facility receive water which was not treated with enough chlorine to kill all the bacteria.
  • the same problems are present — either too much chlorine leaving residue or too little chlorine, leaving bacteria still living.
  • a gamma radiation sterilization process was developed.
  • gamma radiation renders virtually all living organisms non-viable, however special precautionary measures are needed to protect operators and consumers of sterilized products. Additionally, any process using gamma radiation is highly regulated by the FDA. Currently, any substance subjected to gamma radiation must bear a warning "IRRADIATED”. Even though "IRRADIATED” food is generally considered safe, public opinion has kept “IRRADIATED” food out of stores.
  • the present invention recognizes and addresses the foregoing disadvantages, and other prior art methods and apparatuses.
  • an object of the present invention is to sterilize air, liquids and surfaces with a sterilizing agent. Another object of the present invention is to sterilize more thoroughly in shorter periods of time.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to develop an agricultural
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to develop a run-off and low flow water treatment system.
  • Still yet another object of the present invention is to develop a heating
  • HVAC ventilation and air conditioning
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a more efficient
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a lower cost sterilization method, systems and devices.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a sterilizing agent generator that can produce varying concentrations of sterilizing agent for sterilization methods.
  • a sterilizing agent generator having (a) an oxygen concentrator that creates a supply of O 2 from the air, (b) an O 3 generator, that makes O 3 from the supply of O 2 , (c) a moisture control device that regulates the humidity or moisture in the supply of O 2 /O 3 mixture, and (d) a UV light that generates UV
  • At least one sensor is present that can measure the presence of at least one of H 2 O 2 , moisture, O 3 , and UV.
  • the sterilizing agent generator in another embodiment of the invention, the sterilizing agent generator
  • the sterilizing agent generator generates sterilizing agent until an appropriate concentration is reached, then a mixing device moves the sterilizing agent into a mixing
  • mixing chamber is brought into contact with the sterilizing agent.
  • the living matter is thereby made non-viable.
  • a sterilizing agent is remotely created from oxygen, ozone, moisture, and ultraviolet light.
  • the resulting sterilizing agent has at least H 2 O 2 , singlet oxygen, oxygen ions, ozone and hydroxyls.
  • the sterilizing agent is delivered to a contact area whereupon, the sterilizing agent contacts living matter and renders it non-viable.'
  • the living matter can be on a surface, in the air, in water, or mixed in a permeable medium that the sterilizing agent can penetrate.
  • a sterilizing agent is created
  • the agricultural product storage device has at least one sterilizing agent source that releases the sterilizing agent into the air making a gaseous sterilizing agent.
  • the gaseous sterilizing agent is circulated around the agricultural products contacting microorganisms and other living matter, rendering them non-viable.
  • the sterilizing agent source is a sterilizing agent generator as described herein.
  • liquids are mixed with a gaseous sterilizing agent.
  • the sterilizing agent is bubbled through the liquid until a desired level of living matter is made non-viable.
  • a run-off or low flow water treatment system creates a sterilizing agent remotely.
  • the sterilizing agent is then brought into contact with the water in a treatment chamber to make living matter in the water non-viable.
  • the run-off water or low flow water is recycled through the treatment chamber so that the desired level of sterilization is achieved.
  • the recycling of the water through the treatment or reaction chamber allows the retention chamber to be smaller than if the water was to be treated in one pass.
  • the method for treating liquids includes providing a sterilizing agent, contacting the living matter in the water with the sterilizing agent, continuing to contact living matter with the sterilizing agent until the desired sterilization level is reached.
  • the water sterilization device has a sterilizing agent source, preferably a sterilizing agent generator which creates a gaseous sterilizing agent for use in a mixing chamber. In the mixing chamber, water is either sprayed or "aerated" into the gaseous sterilizing agent. A return device is connected to the mixing chamber to return the water to its original path. In another embodiment of the invention, water treated with the sterilizing agent is recycled to be treated with sterilizing agent repeatedly.
  • an air sterilization system is connected to a generally closed environment found in aircraft, vessels, vehicles
  • the sterilization system intakes air, sterilizes the air using an sterilizing agent and moves the sterilized air into the generally closed environment.
  • Still another embodiment of the invention is a surface sterilization method and apparatus.
  • the method includes generating a gaseous sterilizing agent, contacting the sterilizing agent with living matter on and around the surfaces, rendering the living matter non-viable.
  • the apparatus has a sterilizing agent source preferably a sterilizing agent generator described herein, which makes a gaseous sterilizing agent in a sterilization chamber wherein the sterilizing agent contacts living matter making it non- viable.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is a liquid-based surface sterilization method and device.
  • the method includes generating ozone, entraining the ozone in water, moving the ozonated water past a UV light, irradiating the water with UV light to form a sterilizing agent, and delivering the sterilizing agent in the water to contact a surface whereby microbes are rendered non-viable.
  • the device for creating and distributing a liquid-based sterilizing agent has a device for supplying O 2 , an ozone generator for converting part of the O 2 to O 3 , a supply of water, a device for diffusing O 3 in the water, a UV source which generates UV, and a device for dispersing the ozonated water after the water was irradiated with UV light creating H 2 O 2 and
  • relative humidity means the ratio of absolute humidity to the maximum possible water vapor in the air at the same temperature. Therefore, the moles of water in vapor in the air would change
  • ozone means a gas comprised of significant amounts of O 3 radicals and hydroxyl radicals.
  • stereosenor means a substance which renders living matter non-yiable.
  • the “sterilizing agent” is a formed by irradiating ozone in the presence of moisture with ultraviolet light.
  • the “sterilizing agent” has reactive substances, among other things, such as H 2 O 2
  • the "sterilizing agent” can be entrained in a vapor or a liquid
  • living matter means anything having life or anything capable of having life. This definition would include microorganisms,
  • non-viable means not capable of living, growing, reproducing or developing and functioning successfully.
  • half-life means the time it takes for half of a substance to react and change forms. For example, oxygen ions have a shorter half-life than hydrogen peroxide. In this invention, “sterilization” does not mean complete destruction of
  • sterilization means a reduction in effectiveness of living matter. Some living matter may be destroyed, other living matter may be non-viable. The level of "sterilization” is sometimes specified, for example as a LOG 6 kill. This means that 99.9999% of living matter was rendered non- viable.
  • FIG. 1A is a flow chart of one embodiment of the method of making a sterilizing agent
  • Fig. IB is a flow chart of a second embodiment of the method of making a sterilizing agent
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the invention for making a sterilizing agent in water
  • Fig. 3 is a cutaway drawing of the sterilizing agent generation chamber;
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view, partially cut away of an agricultural product storage device;
  • Fig. 5 is an interior view, partially cut away of an agricultural product
  • Fig. 6A is a sectional view of a device for treating a fluid with a sterilizing agent
  • Fig. 6B is a sectional view of a fluid mixing device
  • Fig. 7 is a sectional view of an "aerating" device.
  • Fig. 8 is a perspective partially cutaway view of air sterilizing device.
  • FIG. 1A and B depict schematics of a sterilizing agent generator 100 for creating a sterilizing agent which can be used to sterilize air, liquids, and surfaces
  • the generator 100 preferably has an oxygen concentrator 108 or an oxygen source.
  • the oxygen concentrator 108 is
  • the ozone generator 102 is preferably a corona discharge device.
  • a moisture adding device 104 or humidifier is connected in series as shown in Fig. 1A or in parallel as shown in Fig. IB to the ozone generator 102.
  • the humidifier 104 is connected to sterilizing agent generation chamber 106.
  • In 'the generation chamber 106 there is a UV lamp 110 that is capable of generating UV light in the range of 220 to 300 nanometers.
  • the wavelength of the UV light is typically between 250 and 260 nanometers and preferably about 254 nanometers.
  • the sterilizing agent generation chamber 106 is connected to a contact or mixing chamber
  • the product to be sterilized whether air, water, or a surface
  • the sterilizing agent reacts with air, liquid or surface borne microorganisms and other living matter present.
  • the living matter is oxidized or rendered non-viable.
  • the sterilizing agent generator 100 produces a highly effective sterilant called a sterilizing agent that comprises H 2 O 2 , oxygen ions, ozone, and hydroxyls.
  • oxygen concentrator 108 extracts oxygen from the air.
  • the oxygen concentrator 108 is well known in the art and there are many commercially available oxygen concentrators. At least one oxygen concentrator builds the concentration of oxygen to greater than 50%. Preferably, the oxygen concentrator produces an oxygen concentration of about 80-100%.
  • the oxygen may be dried so that little or no moisture is left in the oxygen. In air, the natural concentration of oxygen is about 18-21%.
  • An oxygen sensor may be operably connected to determine the levels of oxygen.
  • Bottled oxygen consumes large volumes of oxygen, making the supply of oxygen bottles for large applications a major and costly task.
  • the oxygen concentrators are used to minimize the maintenance of the system.
  • the oxygen from the oxygen concentrator is transferred into the ozone generator. In the ozone generator
  • the oxygen is converted from O 2 to O 3 (ozone).
  • the ozone is preferably generated through a corona discharge method.
  • the dry oxygen gas provided by the oxygen concentrator 108 is passed between electrodes separated by a gas space and a dielectric.
  • the dielectric is preferably a layer of glass that acts as an insulator. High voltage current is applied to the electrode. A discharge occurs across the gas space and ozone is created by ionizing a portion of the oxygen that then becomes associated with un-ionized molecules.
  • the oxygen ions are very unstable and combine very quickly with other oxygen
  • the oxygen ion is a very good oxidizer which, if utilized fast enough, will provide very good sterilizing results in certain applications discussed below.
  • the resulting products from the ozone generator are then humidified.
  • the concentration of ozone and oxygen ions affects the resulting concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and other oxidizing agents. It is also preferred to have a greater concentration of ozone and oxygen ions. In order to reach such greater concentrations, the output of the oxygen concentrator should be at least 97%. Typically, if oxygen of greater than 90% concentration is passed through an ozone generator, ozone
  • ozone comprises .5-8% by weight of the product stream.
  • a high concentration of ozone in the amount of 10% or greater may be desired.
  • An ozone sensor may be attached to determine if sufficient ozone is present.
  • the resulting product becomes more and more corrosive and explosive.
  • the high concentrations of ozone will corrode the apparatus unless non-corrodible parts are used in the apparatus.
  • concentrations of ozone are used. However, as the ozone concentrations get higher, certain methods to prevent an explosion may be used. For example, by mixing the high concentrations of ozone with an inert gas, explosivity may be reduced. By increasing the reactive components, higher kill ratios of living matter may be achieved.
  • the gas is humidified in humidifier 104.
  • the amount of moisture added by humidifier 104 is dependent on several factors including temperature of the gas chambers, amount of moisture in the gas, gas pressure, and the amount of humidity needed for a particular application.
  • the air is dry before entering the oxygen concentrator. By drying the air before entering the oxygen concentrator, some undesirable reactions can be avoided.
  • the gases may also be dried after the oxygen concentrator. It is preferred that dry gas with high oxygen concentration is input into the ozone generator. By inputting dry oxygen into the ozone generator, premature reactions with the ozone forming hydrogen peroxide can be minimized. By decreasing the premature production of hydrogen peroxide and other oxidizing agents, the potency of the resulting sterilant can be increased.
  • the ozone enriched gas may be humidified to a desired amount for the application.
  • a humidity sensor may be attached to the ozone enriched gas input so that the humidity of the input into the humidifier can be monitored.
  • the humidity should be generally high. In order to reduce reaction time in the mixing chamber humidity should be above 50%. In some cases, the gas may be saturated, so that the humidity controller will dehumidify the gas to reach the preferred levels.
  • humidity of the ozone enriched gas be about 80% to 99% in the hydrogen peroxide generation chamber to maximize the production of OH and H 2 O 2 molecules.
  • Humidity between 90-94% is preferred for surface and water sterilization systems.
  • the humidity is in the range of 40-80%.
  • the humidity is from 50-70%. The lower humidity allows for a greater production of oxygen ions.
  • UV light 110 there is a UV light 110.
  • the UV light emits ultraviolet radiation at levels described above to cause ozone in the presence of moisture to react to form hydrogen peroxide, oxygen ions, and hydroxyls.
  • UV light of a wavelength of 253-255 nanometers is used.
  • FIG. 2 another sterilant device is shown. It includes an oxygen source. The oxygen leaving the oxygen source 108 is partially converted to ozone in an ozone generating device 102.
  • the ozone/oxygen gas is input into a water source of reverse osmosis or deionized water 120.
  • the water 120 is irradiated with ultraviolet light 106 to create H 2 O 2 and other oxidizing agents.
  • the sterilizing agent impregnated water is rapidly delivered to a contact area 112.
  • the sterilizing agent impregnated water contacts living matter making it non-viable.
  • This method can produce superior results because the reactants created by the UV radiation do not react with anything in the water, thus, more reactant can combine with living material in the contact chamber producing higher kill rates.
  • This method and device can be used in many different ways including washing food stuff, washing surfaces, washing glassware leaving negligible living matter.
  • sterilizing agent is continuously generated but it may be
  • the sterilant may be produced by many methods.
  • the " sterilant is produced in a batch system 802.
  • Ozone is provided to sterilizing agent creation chamber 808 by an ozone source or generator 806.
  • Humidity is added to the
  • sterilizing agent creation chamber 802 by humidity control device 804.
  • Ultraviolet light 810 is inside sterilizing agent creation chamber 802.
  • a mixing device is connected to the sterilizing agent creation chamber 802 to mix and remove the sterilant into contact area 814.
  • ozone generator provides 806 a concentration of ozone.
  • Humidity control device 804 adds moisture to the sterilizing agent creation chamber 808.
  • Ultraviolet light 810 irradiates HCOC gas and forms the sterilizing agent.
  • mixing device moves the sterilizing agent into contact area 814 whereby the sterilizing agent makes living matter non- viable.
  • the bulb intensity and duration of exposure of UV light is calibrated to the flow of humidity controlled ozone concentrated (HCOC) gas.
  • HCOC humidity controlled ozone concentrated
  • the HCOC gas is pumped through the sterilizing agent
  • This residence time can be easily achieved by determining the volume of HCOC atmosphere needed, the intensity of UV light, the concentration of sterilizing agent desired, and the average distance between the
  • Residence time less than 1 second generally produces less sterilizing agent. This may be desirable in certain applications wherein smaller amounts of ozone are desired to be broken down and formed into other oxidizing agents. Although this embodiment is not preferred, it is still within the scope of this invention. If the residence time is
  • FIG. 3 shows the sterilizing agent creation chamber 300.
  • the sterilizing agent creation chamber 300 includes a germicidal UV light 302.
  • An inlet 304 allows an HCOC gas to enter the chamber to be irradiated with the UV light 302.
  • the UV light emits a germicidal wavelength UV to produce an H 2 O 2 atmosphere.
  • An outlet 304 allows for evacuation of the sterilizing agent into a mixing chamber.
  • the sterilizing agent in the sterilizing agent generation chamber is bled off or pumped out into a reaction chamber 112.
  • the reactants hydrogen peroxide, ozone, hydroxyl radicals and oxygen ions contact and react and oxidize living matter.
  • the living matter destroyed or made non-viable can be bacteria including sporulated bacteria, viruses, other single cell and multi-cell organisms, including plants like algae or animals like those causing amoebic dysentery.
  • this basic design and method can be used in many applications. Such applications include air treatment systems, water treatment systems, and surface treatment systems. In any of these systems, the effectiveness of the system may be greatly and easily varied. The systems can produce results comparable or better to the current high volume sterilization systems at a higher rate of sterilization, at a lower operating cost or with less residue or corrosive effects.
  • the sterilizing agent generator system and method can be tuned to have log 6 and better kills. In the event log 6 or better kills are desired, the method and apparatus are easier to maintain, safer to operate, and more cost effective. Additionally, the sterilizing agent that is unused quickly reacts to form non-harmful substances like oxygen and water, thereby leaving almost no harmful or unpleasant residue.
  • the sterilizing agent generator system and method may be adapted to sterilize the air.
  • the method includes the same steps as described above, including providing oxygen, converting the oxygen into ozone, adjusting the humidity of the ozone to be preferably in a range of 50% and 70%, exposing the humidity adjusted ozone to ultraviolet radiation of about 254 nanometers, forming an sterilizing agent and directing the sterilizing agent into contact with living matter causing the living matter to become non-viable.
  • treating living matter in air was between .5 and 5 seconds depending on the concentration of the sterilizing agent.
  • concentration of the sterilizing agent the more effective the sterilizing agent is in rendering living matter non-viable.
  • the law of diminishing returns applies. If the living matter continues to be exposed to the sterilizing agent, improved
  • the amount of living matter rendered non- viable is a function of time. If absolute sterilization is required, longer sterilization times of up to 45 minutes would ensure that ⁇ at the appropriate sterilization concentrations. However, if a LOG 3 kill is sufficient, times as short as .5 seconds should suffice. Additionally, sterilization times are related to the type of living matter to be rendered non-viable. To render all HIV viruses in a sample non-viable would take a shorter period of time than to render all Norwalk viruses non-viable. Concentrations of sterilizing agent are limited by the level of resistance to corrosiveness of the system using the sterilizing agent.
  • Oxygen ions are very reactive but very short lived. Thus, it is desirable to maximize the concentration of oxygen ions in the sterilizing agent when treating air. The primary reason is that the oxygen ions will be quickly and thoroughly mixed to contact virtually all living matter if the living matter
  • the treated gas may be quickly vented if it is passed through a scrubber or catalytic converter.
  • the technology to remove the remaining ozone, hydrogen peroxide and other oxidizing agents from the treated air are well known in the art.
  • filters or other devices to scrub the treated air may be of a less expensive type or require less energy to operate. According to the invention, filters may be used that require a smaller pressure drop. This results in a system being more efficient, including pumps and fans that have less power, consume less electricity and are less expensive to purchase and operate.
  • the amount of humidity should be carefully controlled.
  • the humidity level of the HCOC gas is between about 40% and 80%.
  • the levels of H 2 O 2 generated by irradiating the HCOC gas with ultraviolet light are reduced and the oxygen ion concentrations are maximized allowing for faster reactions and less retention time.
  • H 2 O 2 The maximization of H 2 O 2 is beneficial when treating some surfaces. Because the rate of diffusion of sterilizing agent in the air across the surface boundary layer is longer than the life of an effective concentration of oxygen ions and other short lived oxidizing agents, a sterilizing agent with high concentrations of H 2 O 2 may be entrained in a liquid and misted over the surface to be treated. In a liquid, the rate of diffusion across the boundary layer allows for effective treatment of the surface with the sterilizing agent. For example, this method may be used to treat meat and packaging material.
  • the sterilization method is adapted to be used to sterilize water.
  • the method includes generating an sterilizing agent, dispensing the sterilizing agent in the water, contacting the sterilizing agent with living matter to achieve the desired sterilization level.
  • the sterilizing agent can be made with a concentration of ozone preferably between about .75 and 8%.
  • the humidity is preferably about 80-99%.
  • the increased humidity results in the increased concentration of active H 2 O 2 molecules which have a longer reaction life than oxygen ions. This longer reaction life is needed so that the longer life reactants, including H 2 O 2 , of the sterilizing agent contact the living matter in the water before the reactants reacts to revert back to harmless ingredients H 2 O and O 2 .
  • the sterilizing agent is generated by the sterilizing agent generator.
  • the sterilizing agent is then mixed with the water to be treated by diffusing the sterilizing agent into the water with a diffuser 200.
  • the diffuser operates by creating fine bubbles 204 at the bottom of mixing chamber. The fine bubbles rise to the surface contacting living matter and making it nonviable.
  • a Mazzai venturi device which is similar to an injector may be used.
  • the fluid in the chamber may be mixed with a mixing device
  • the fluid may be mixed in the mixing chamber by moving the treated fluid over baffles 208 and 210 or around other structures in the
  • Baffles 208, 210 or other similar structures can increase the dwell time/ contact time. The increased times allow for higher sterilization and kill rates by allowing more thorough mixing. It also works to have the reactive components revert to their nonreactive ingredients namely water and oxygen.
  • an sterilizing agent is created in the mixing chamber whereby water with living organisms is sprayed as a fine mist into the air.
  • the living organisms contact the sterilizing agent so that the living organisms are made non- viable.
  • a mixing chamber 220 contains the sterilizing agent. Needle nozzles 222, spray the fluid or water into the air in a very fine mist. The sterilizing agent contacts the living organisms rendering them non-viable.
  • the sterilizing agent is entrained in a solution such as water whereby the solution is finely sprayed on a surface. This method is ideal for treating meats, agricultural products such as fruit and vegetables, and other surfaces. This method works also very well on conveyor systems. The object is sprayed, rotated and sprayed again. This
  • An agricultural storage device 400 shown in Fig. 4 is an enclosed structure having a roof 402 and exterior walls 404.
  • the roof 402 has at least one air vent 406 that allows the interior atmosphere to communicate with the exterior atmosphere.
  • the agricultural storage device 400 has at least one opening 408 so that vehicles 410 or machines 412 may deliver or remove agricultural products.
  • An air handling device 414 communicates with the atmospheres inside and outside the agricultural storage device 400.
  • a control system 416 controls the air handling device 414.
  • the air handling device 414 is operably connected to a sterilization device 418 which is described herein.
  • the control system 416 may also control the sterilization device 418.
  • the interior of the agricultural storage device as shown in Fig. 5 has agricultural products 500 stored on grates 502 or in other open areas so that air may circulate around and through the piles of agricultural products.
  • the sterilization device periodically releases a sterilizing agent 504 which is moved around and through the piles of agricultural products 500 either continuously or intermittently, producing biostatic or biocidal environment.
  • a biocidal or biostatic environment is based on operational considerations of the storage facility and are not limited by the technology.
  • Circulating devices 506 are controlled by control system (not shown) to maximize the sterilant effect.
  • a venting system may be needed to evacuate any residual sterilant before an operator enters.
  • a method of storing goods includes the steps of generating a sterilizing agent, and periodically circulating the sterilizing agent around the
  • the food stuffs are washed with a sterilant before being stored in a warehouse or container whereby periodic exposure to a reactive atmosphere inhibits additional living matter growth.
  • a control system determines if
  • the environment in the containment area, mixing chamber, or contact chamber is at safe levels for entry thereto.
  • a medical waste sterilization device has a input device for inputting medical waste, a shredder or grinder mechanism for making the medical waste into a desired size or physical condition, treating the medical waste with a remotely generated sterilizing agent as described herein, and retaining the medical waste in the medical waste sterilization device until the desired level of sterilization is achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un stérilisateur comprenant un concentrateur d'oxygène (108) produisant du gaz oxygène. Le concentrateur d'oxygène est relié à un générateur d'ozone (102) permettant de produire de l'ozone dans le gaz oxygène. Le gaz obtenu est humidifié afin de former un mélange ozone/gaz oxygène humidifié. Le mélange est exposé à un rayonnement ultraviolet (106) de manière à former un agent stérilisant à base de peroxyde d'hydrogène, d'ozone, d'hydroxyles et d'ions oxygénés. L'agent stérilisant est déplacé d'une chambre de réaction vers une chambre de contact (112) dans laquelle l'agent de stérilisation est appliqué à un organisme vivant. Ce processus permet de rendre l'organisme vivant non viable. Selon un procédé de stérilisation, un gaz stérilisant est formé par concentration de l'oxygène, production d'ozone à partir de l'oxygène, humidification du mélange ozone/oxygène, exposition aux rayonnements ultraviolets du mélange ozone/oxygène humidifié permettant d'obtenir un agent stérilisant pouvant être diffusé à distance.
PCT/US2001/011553 2000-04-12 2001-04-10 Procede de sterilisation pour steriliser l'air, un liquide ou des surfaces Ceased WO2001078793A1 (fr)

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Cited By (20)

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WO2002102154A1 (fr) * 2001-05-21 2002-12-27 Ecolab Inc. Sterilisation de surfaces
FR2835517A1 (fr) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-08 Jean Luc Renaud Nouveau dispositif generateur d'ozone
GB2407752A (en) * 2003-11-05 2005-05-11 Steritrox Ltd Produce decontamination apparatus
WO2005046741A3 (fr) * 2003-11-05 2005-09-15 Steritrox Ltd Appareil de decontamination de produits
WO2005089819A1 (fr) * 2004-03-19 2005-09-29 Victor Perez Camacho Dispositif et methode d'elimination de micro-organismes pathogenes permettant d'eviter des maladies et d'eliminer la contamination causee par lesdits micro-organismes
EP1925589A1 (fr) * 2006-11-03 2008-05-28 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Générateur d'espèces d'oxygène réactives, dispositif de lavage et procédé de lavage
WO2010149638A1 (fr) * 2009-06-23 2010-12-29 Desmi Ocean Guard A/S Traitement d'eau de ballast
WO2012142974A1 (fr) * 2011-04-22 2012-10-26 福建新大陆科技集团有限公司 Système de traitement de fluide par flottation à l'ozone dissous et oxydation avancée
US8685329B2 (en) 2007-08-07 2014-04-01 Lee Antimicrobial Solutions Llc Purified hydrogen peroxide gas microbial control methods and devices
EP2582621A4 (fr) * 2010-06-16 2015-09-16 Food Safety Technology Llc Unité de distribution de liquide ozoné
USD744627S1 (en) 2014-07-23 2015-12-01 Lee Antimicrobial Solutions, Llc Air-permeable substrate structure
WO2016025934A1 (fr) * 2014-08-15 2016-02-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Stérilisateur à l'ozone portable autonome pour petit équipement médical
CN107667679A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-02-09 浙江农林大学 一种甘薯储藏方法及甘薯储藏装置
USD814006S1 (en) 2014-07-18 2018-03-27 Synexis Llc Device for producing non-hydrated purified hydrogen peroxide gas
WO2018137003A3 (fr) * 2017-01-30 2018-10-04 Национальная Академия Авиации Procédé et dispositif de purification des habitacles d'aéronefs
CN109052327A (zh) * 2018-07-17 2018-12-21 襄阳佰蒂生物科技股份有限公司 一种蓝莓加工车间用移动式的臭氧发生装置
CN109847081A (zh) * 2017-11-30 2019-06-07 宁波方太厨具有限公司 一种消毒柜工作过程控制方法
CN113101803A (zh) * 2021-04-21 2021-07-13 河北大国工匠工程科技有限公司 一种鸡舍粪道消除氨气、硫化氢、灭菌除臭装置
RU2825449C1 (ru) * 2024-01-23 2024-08-26 Денис Вадимович Рыбаков Способ защиты овощных культур от вирусных инфекций
GB2636686A (en) * 2023-05-31 2025-07-02 Wirth Res Limited System and method

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Cited By (32)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2002304626B2 (en) * 2001-05-21 2008-05-08 Ecolab Inc. Sterilization of surfaces
JP2005500291A (ja) * 2001-05-21 2005-01-06 イーコラブ インコーポレイティド 表面の滅菌
WO2002102154A1 (fr) * 2001-05-21 2002-12-27 Ecolab Inc. Sterilisation de surfaces
FR2835517A1 (fr) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-08 Jean Luc Renaud Nouveau dispositif generateur d'ozone
US8549994B2 (en) 2003-11-05 2013-10-08 Steritrox Limited Produce decontamination apparatus
GB2407752B (en) * 2003-11-05 2007-08-01 Steritrox Ltd Produce decontamination apparatus
WO2005046741A3 (fr) * 2003-11-05 2005-09-15 Steritrox Ltd Appareil de decontamination de produits
GB2407752A (en) * 2003-11-05 2005-05-11 Steritrox Ltd Produce decontamination apparatus
WO2005089819A1 (fr) * 2004-03-19 2005-09-29 Victor Perez Camacho Dispositif et methode d'elimination de micro-organismes pathogenes permettant d'eviter des maladies et d'eliminer la contamination causee par lesdits micro-organismes
EP1925589A1 (fr) * 2006-11-03 2008-05-28 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Générateur d'espèces d'oxygène réactives, dispositif de lavage et procédé de lavage
WO2008053416A3 (fr) * 2006-11-03 2008-06-26 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Générateur de substances oxygénées réactives, dispositif de lavage et procédé de lavage
US10940223B2 (en) 2007-08-07 2021-03-09 Synexis Llc Purified hydrogen peroxide gas microbial control methods and devices
US9370592B2 (en) 2007-08-07 2016-06-21 Lee Antimicrobial Solutions Llc Purified hydrogen peroxide gas microbial control methods and devices
US8685329B2 (en) 2007-08-07 2014-04-01 Lee Antimicrobial Solutions Llc Purified hydrogen peroxide gas microbial control methods and devices
US9034255B2 (en) 2007-08-07 2015-05-19 Lee Antimicrobial Solutions Llc Purified hydrogen peroxide gas microbial control methods and devices
US11207436B2 (en) 2007-08-07 2021-12-28 Synexis Llc Purified hydrogen peroxide gas microbial control methods and devices
US10188766B2 (en) 2007-08-07 2019-01-29 Synexis Llc Purified hydrogen peroxide gas microbial control methods and devices
US11992573B2 (en) 2007-08-07 2024-05-28 Synexis Llc Purified hydrogen peroxide gas microbial control methods and devices
WO2010149638A1 (fr) * 2009-06-23 2010-12-29 Desmi Ocean Guard A/S Traitement d'eau de ballast
EP2582621A4 (fr) * 2010-06-16 2015-09-16 Food Safety Technology Llc Unité de distribution de liquide ozoné
WO2012142974A1 (fr) * 2011-04-22 2012-10-26 福建新大陆科技集团有限公司 Système de traitement de fluide par flottation à l'ozone dissous et oxydation avancée
USD814006S1 (en) 2014-07-18 2018-03-27 Synexis Llc Device for producing non-hydrated purified hydrogen peroxide gas
USD744627S1 (en) 2014-07-23 2015-12-01 Lee Antimicrobial Solutions, Llc Air-permeable substrate structure
WO2016025934A1 (fr) * 2014-08-15 2016-02-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Stérilisateur à l'ozone portable autonome pour petit équipement médical
WO2018137003A3 (fr) * 2017-01-30 2018-10-04 Национальная Академия Авиации Procédé et dispositif de purification des habitacles d'aéronefs
CN107667679A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-02-09 浙江农林大学 一种甘薯储藏方法及甘薯储藏装置
CN109847081A (zh) * 2017-11-30 2019-06-07 宁波方太厨具有限公司 一种消毒柜工作过程控制方法
CN109847081B (zh) * 2017-11-30 2021-01-15 宁波方太厨具有限公司 一种消毒柜工作过程控制方法
CN109052327A (zh) * 2018-07-17 2018-12-21 襄阳佰蒂生物科技股份有限公司 一种蓝莓加工车间用移动式的臭氧发生装置
CN113101803A (zh) * 2021-04-21 2021-07-13 河北大国工匠工程科技有限公司 一种鸡舍粪道消除氨气、硫化氢、灭菌除臭装置
GB2636686A (en) * 2023-05-31 2025-07-02 Wirth Res Limited System and method
RU2825449C1 (ru) * 2024-01-23 2024-08-26 Денис Вадимович Рыбаков Способ защиты овощных культур от вирусных инфекций

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