WO2001049126A1 - Method of improving feed efficiency - Google Patents
Method of improving feed efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001049126A1 WO2001049126A1 PCT/JP2000/009279 JP0009279W WO0149126A1 WO 2001049126 A1 WO2001049126 A1 WO 2001049126A1 JP 0009279 W JP0009279 W JP 0009279W WO 0149126 A1 WO0149126 A1 WO 0149126A1
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- feed
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- nucleic acid
- feed efficiency
- weaning
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/153—Nucleic acids; Hydrolysis products or derivatives thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a feed for improving feed efficiency of livestock.
- nucleic acid synthesis using ife iJOTO as a substrate is immature, and it can be inferred that the effectiveness of nucleic acid administration will be further enhanced in animals at such a time. In animals, no reports have shown similar effects in livestock, and no reports have previously shown that promoting villus recovery can improve feed efficiency. Disclosure of the invention
- the present inventors have found that administration of nucleic acid to livestock improves feed efficiency and promotes growth of livestock, and has completed the present invention. That is, the present invention relates to a method for improving feed efficiency of livestock by administering the nucleic acid to the livestock.
- the timing of administration is preferably the weaning period.
- a method of administering the nucleic acid a method of adding the nucleic acid to livestock feed and administering it is preferable.
- animal feed milk substitute, prestar feed or starter feed is preferred.
- Livestock refers to industrial animals for dairy, meat, or leather, such as cows, pigs, chickens, turkeys, sheep, and goats.
- the nucleic acid used in the present invention corresponds to a nucleic acid that exists as a simple substance, or a bacterial cell such as a yeast or a cell that highly contains the nucleic acid. Further, as this nucleic acid, any of deoxyribonucleic acid and liponucleic acid can be used, and not only as a so-called high-molecular-weight nucleic acid, but also as a result of dephosphorylation of its constituent units, nucleotides and nucleotides.
- nucleosides or any of the minimum units of purine or pyrimidine base.
- nucleotides are adenosine monophosphate, guanosine monophosphate, cytidine monophosphate, peridine monophosphate, thymidine monophosphate, inosine monophosphate, and as nucleosides, these nucleotides are dephosphorylated.
- Purine bases include adenine and guanine
- pyrimidine bases include cytosine, peracyl, and thymine.
- nucleic acids There are two ways to administer nucleic acids: adding them to livestock feed, or dissolving them in water and ingesting them when drinking water.
- the nucleic acid can be given separately from the diet alone or as a mixture with sugar or the like which livestock prefers to take. It can also be tableted and administered forcibly. Of these administration methods, the method of adding to animal feed is most preferred.
- the dose of the nucleic acid is preferably 0.05 to 5.0 g / day, more preferably 0.1 to 2.0 g day, per kg of livestock body weight.
- the feed efficiency can be significantly improved even after the feeding of the nucleic acid-containing feed is stopped, so that the effect is further improved. It is a target.
- Livestock feed to which nucleic acid is added is usually corn, barley, wheat, rye, sorghum, cereals such as soybean, yellow powder, soybean oil cake, soybean protein, oil and fat, skim milk, fish meal, meat-and-bone meal, blood meal, plasma Protein, whey, rice bran, bran, sugar, glucose, minerals, vitamins, salt and the like may be used alone or in combination.
- cereals such as soybean, yellow powder, soybean oil cake, soybean protein, oil and fat, skim milk, fish meal, meat-and-bone meal, blood meal, plasma Protein, whey, rice bran, bran, sugar, glucose, minerals, vitamins, salt and the like may be used alone or in combination.
- ruminants such as cattle, sheep, and goats, various pastures are fed as roughage in addition to the above feed.
- the amount of the nucleic acid to be added to the feed is preferably 0.01 to 5.0%, more preferably 0.5 to 2.0%, based on the amount of a commonly used feed.
- Nucleic acids can be added to feed and mixed to feed livestock. For example, when raising pigs, only breast milk is fed immediately after birth, but from one to two weeks later, an initial feed (prestarter feed) is fed in addition to breast milk. At weaning, the feed is switched to the initial feed (starter feed), and then it is fattened using fattening feed. In ruminants such as cattle, sheep, and goats, breast milk or milk replacer and solid feed are fed in parallel until rumen (ruminal) is formed. Switch. Addition and administration of nucleic acid to any of these feeds can improve feed efficiency.
- the method for improving feed efficiency using the nucleic acid of the present invention is useful for application to livestock from the time immediately after birth to immediately after the feed is switched to the fattening period after weaning, and particularly to pigs.
- 30 weaned male piglets and 30 weaned female piglets were used and divided into two groups: 30 control groups and 30 nucleic acid-administered groups.
- Piglets were weaned at the age of 14 days, and for 14 days after weaning, the control group was treated with a commercial starter feed having the composition shown in Table 11, and the nucleic acid-administered group was treated with the commercial starter feed shown in Table 11 Test house with 0.8% ribonucleic acid extracted from brewer's yeast Was paid. After 14 days from weaning, the same nucleic acid-free feed (late-stage commercial feed) was supplied to both plots.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
明 細 書 Specification
飼料効率の改善方法 技術分野 How to improve feed efficiency
本発明は、 家畜の飼料効率を改善させるための飼料に関する。 背景技術 The present invention relates to a feed for improving feed efficiency of livestock. Background art
産業動物の飼育上特徴的な問題として、 幼若期のトラブルが挙げられる。 例え ば出生直後から離乳期を経て飼料が肥育期用に切り替わる直前までの家畜は、 母 乳から固形飼料に切り替わるストレスの影響で飼料摂取が低下し成長の遅延を引 き起こす。 この他にも、 下痢や種々の感染症、 環境の変化、 あるいは密飼い飼育 などのストレスが動物の成長に大きな影響を与え、 結果として生産性の低下を引 き起こし、 産業上大きな損害をもたらす要因となる。 One of the characteristic problems in raising industrial animals is that they have problems during childhood. For example, livestock from the time immediately after birth to just before the feed is switched to the fattening stage through the weaning period is affected by the stress of switching from breast milk to solid feed, resulting in reduced feed intake and delayed growth. Other stresses such as diarrhea, various infectious diseases, environmental changes and close breeding can have a significant effect on animal growth, resulting in reduced productivity and significant industrial damage. It becomes a factor.
これらのストレスがもたらす特徴的な所見として、 小腸絨毛の萎縮が挙げられ る。 絨毛の発育には物理的な要因と化学的な要因、 すなわち固形飼料の摂取によ る粘膜への物理的な刺激と栄養分による化学的な刺激とが関わっていると云われ ているが、 どちらの寄与が大きいかは不明である。 しかしいずれにせよ、 絨毛が 萎縮した状態では栄養分の吸収が充分に行われず、 その結果として飼料効率が低 下し増体の遅延を引き起こしているであろうことは容易に想像できることである c —方実験動物において実験的に小腸絨毛を萎縮させた場合に、 核酸を給与する ことで絨毛組織の回復が促進されたとする知見がいくつか報告されている Characteristic findings of these stresses include atrophy of small intestinal villi. It is said that the development of villi involves both physical and chemical factors: physical irritation to the mucous membranes due to ingestion of solid feed and chemical irritation due to nutrients. It is unclear whether the contribution of stake is large. But anyway, villi absorption of nutrients is not sufficiently performed in the state where the atrophy is thing that can imagine that would feed efficiency is causing the delay of low beat up member as a result c - It has been reported that the supply of nucleic acid promoted the recovery of villous tissue when experimentally atrophy of small intestinal villi in experimental animals
[Nutrition, Vol. 13， No. 4(1997), J. Nutr" 125, 42-48(1995), JPEN, 14, 598- 604(1990)〕。 これらの報告は、 腸管の絨毛のように急速な細胞増殖を必要とする 組織に対しては、 核酸合成の素材として飼料中へ核酸を添加することが有効であ ることを示唆していると考えられる。 さらに幼若動物においてはアミノ酸を基質 とした ife iJOTOでの核酸合成が未熟であるとされておリ、 このような時期の動物 に対しては核酸投与の有効性がさらに高まるものと推察できる。 しかし、 これら の効果はあくまでも実験動物におけるものであり、 家畜においても同様の効果を 示したという報告はなかった。 さらに絨毛の回復を促進することが飼料効率の向 上につながることを証明した報告も従来にはなかった。 発明の開示 [Nutrition, Vol. 13, No. 4 (1997), J. Nutr "125, 42-48 (1995), JPEN, 14, 598-604 (1990). This suggests that the addition of nucleic acid to feed as a material for nucleic acid synthesis is effective for tissues that require rapid cell growth. It is said that nucleic acid synthesis using ife iJOTO as a substrate is immature, and it can be inferred that the effectiveness of nucleic acid administration will be further enhanced in animals at such a time. In animals, no reports have shown similar effects in livestock, and no reports have previously shown that promoting villus recovery can improve feed efficiency. Disclosure of the invention
本発明の目的は、 家畜の飼料効率を改善させるための方法を提供することにあ る。 It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for improving feed efficiency of livestock.
本発明者らは、 種々の検討を重ねた結果、 核酸を家畜に投与することにより、 家畜の飼料効率が改善し発育が促進されることを見出し、 本発明を完成するに至 つた。 すなわち本発明は、 核酸を家畜に投与することにより、 家畜の飼料効率を 改善する方法に関する。 投与時期としては、 離乳期が好ましい。 核酸の投与方法 としては、 家畜用飼料に核酸を添加し、 投与する方法が好ましい。 家畜用飼料と しては、 代用乳、 プレスタ一ター飼料またはスターター飼料が好ましい。 As a result of various studies, the present inventors have found that administration of nucleic acid to livestock improves feed efficiency and promotes growth of livestock, and has completed the present invention. That is, the present invention relates to a method for improving feed efficiency of livestock by administering the nucleic acid to the livestock. The timing of administration is preferably the weaning period. As a method of administering the nucleic acid, a method of adding the nucleic acid to livestock feed and administering it is preferable. As animal feed, milk substitute, prestar feed or starter feed is preferred.
以下、 本発明を詳細に説明する。 家畜とは乳用、 肉用、 あるいは皮革用の産業 動物を指し、 例えば牛、 豚、 鶏、 七面鳥、 羊、 山羊などが挙げられる。 本発明で 使用する核酸は、 単体として存在する核酸、 あるいは核酸を高度に含有するパク テリアや酵母などの菌体が該当する。 さらにこの核酸としては、 デォキシリボ核 酸、 リポ核酸のいずれもが使用可能であり、 またいわゆる高分子である核酸とし てのみでなく、 その構成単位であるヌクレオチド、 ヌクレオチドが脱リン酸化さ れて生じるヌクレオシド、 さらには最小単位であるプリンまたはピリミジン塩基 のいずれの形でも本発明に適用可能である。 例えば、 ヌクレオチドとしてはアデ ノシン一リン酸、 グアノシン一リン酸、 シチジン一リン酸、 ゥリジン一リン酸、 チミジン一リン酸、 イノシン一リン酸が、 またヌクレオシドとしてはこれらヌク レオチドが脱リン酸化された化合物が該当する。 またプリン塩基としてはアデ二 ンとグァニンが、 ピリミジン塩基としてはシ卜シン、 ゥラシル、 チミンが挙げら れる。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. Livestock refers to industrial animals for dairy, meat, or leather, such as cows, pigs, chickens, turkeys, sheep, and goats. The nucleic acid used in the present invention corresponds to a nucleic acid that exists as a simple substance, or a bacterial cell such as a yeast or a cell that highly contains the nucleic acid. Further, as this nucleic acid, any of deoxyribonucleic acid and liponucleic acid can be used, and not only as a so-called high-molecular-weight nucleic acid, but also as a result of dephosphorylation of its constituent units, nucleotides and nucleotides. The present invention can be applied to the present invention in the form of nucleosides, or any of the minimum units of purine or pyrimidine base. For example, nucleotides are adenosine monophosphate, guanosine monophosphate, cytidine monophosphate, peridine monophosphate, thymidine monophosphate, inosine monophosphate, and as nucleosides, these nucleotides are dephosphorylated. Compounds are relevant. Purine bases include adenine and guanine, and pyrimidine bases include cytosine, peracyl, and thymine.
核酸の投与方法としては、 家畜用飼料に添加する方法や、 水に溶解させ飲水時 に摂取させる方法がある。 また核酸は食餌とは別に核酸単独あるいは家畜が好ん で摂取する砂糖などと混合して与えることもできる。 さらには錠剤化し、 強制的 に投与することも可能である。 これらの投与方法のうち、 家畜用飼料に添加する 方法が、 最も好ましい。 There are two ways to administer nucleic acids: adding them to livestock feed, or dissolving them in water and ingesting them when drinking water. The nucleic acid can be given separately from the diet alone or as a mixture with sugar or the like which livestock prefers to take. It can also be tableted and administered forcibly. Of these administration methods, the method of adding to animal feed is most preferred.
核酸の投与量としては、 家畜体重 lkgあたり 0.05〜5.0g/日が好ましく、 0.1 〜2.0g 日がより好ましい。 The dose of the nucleic acid is preferably 0.05 to 5.0 g / day, more preferably 0.1 to 2.0 g day, per kg of livestock body weight.
核酸の投与時期としては、 出生直後から離乳期を経て育成期までの時期を選ぶ ことができるが、 特に離乳期、 すなわち離乳の前後 1 乃至 2週間の時期に添加す ると、 該核酸含有飼料の給与を停止した後においても飼料効率を著しく改善する ことができるため、 一層効果的である。 Choose the timing of nucleic acid administration from the time immediately after birth, through the weaning period, to the growing period In particular, when added during the weaning period, that is, 1 to 2 weeks before and after weaning, the feed efficiency can be significantly improved even after the feeding of the nucleic acid-containing feed is stopped, so that the effect is further improved. It is a target.
核酸を添加する家畜用飼料としては、 通常、 とうもろこし、 大麦、 小麦、 ライ 麦、 ソルガム、 大豆、 黄粉などの穀類、 大豆油かす、 大豆蛋白、 油脂、 スキムミ ルク、 魚粉、 肉骨粉、 血粉、 血漿蛋白、 ホエー、 米ぬか、 ふすま、 砂糖、 ブドウ 糖、 ミネラル、 ビタミン、 食塩などを単独あるいは組み合わせたものを用いれば よい。 また牛、 羊、 山羊などの反芻動物においては上記飼料以外に粗飼料として 種々の牧草が給与される。 核酸の該飼料への添加量としては、 通常用いられる飼 料対して核酸を 0.01 ~ 5.0%、好ましくは 0·5〜2.0%の割合で添加することが好ま しい。 Livestock feed to which nucleic acid is added is usually corn, barley, wheat, rye, sorghum, cereals such as soybean, yellow powder, soybean oil cake, soybean protein, oil and fat, skim milk, fish meal, meat-and-bone meal, blood meal, plasma Protein, whey, rice bran, bran, sugar, glucose, minerals, vitamins, salt and the like may be used alone or in combination. For ruminants such as cattle, sheep, and goats, various pastures are fed as roughage in addition to the above feed. The amount of the nucleic acid to be added to the feed is preferably 0.01 to 5.0%, more preferably 0.5 to 2.0%, based on the amount of a commonly used feed.
核酸は飼料に添加、 混合して家畜に給餌できる。 例えば豚の飼育においては、 出生直後は母乳給与のみであるが、 1 ~ 2週間後からは母乳に加え前初期飼料（プ レスターター飼料） が平行して給与される。 離乳とともに初期飼料 （スターター 飼料） に切り替えられ、 その後肥育期飼料を用いて肥育される。 また、 牛、 羊、 山羊などの反芻動物においてはル一メン （第一胃） が形成されるまでは母乳また は代用乳と固形飼料とが平行給与され、 離乳と同時に固形飼料へと完全に切リ替 わる。 核酸をこれらいずれの飼料に添加■投与しても飼料効率を改善させること ができる。 Nucleic acids can be added to feed and mixed to feed livestock. For example, when raising pigs, only breast milk is fed immediately after birth, but from one to two weeks later, an initial feed (prestarter feed) is fed in addition to breast milk. At weaning, the feed is switched to the initial feed (starter feed), and then it is fattened using fattening feed. In ruminants such as cattle, sheep, and goats, breast milk or milk replacer and solid feed are fed in parallel until rumen (ruminal) is formed. Switch. Addition and administration of nucleic acid to any of these feeds can improve feed efficiency.
本発明の核酸による飼料効率改善方法は、 産業上は出生直後から離乳期を経て 飼料が肥育期用に切り替わる直前までの家畜への適用が有用であり、 特に豚への 適用が有用である。 発明を実施するための最良の形態 The method for improving feed efficiency using the nucleic acid of the present invention is useful for application to livestock from the time immediately after birth to immediately after the feed is switched to the fattening period after weaning, and particularly to pigs. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
以下、 実施例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples.
<実施例 1 > 子豚の飼料効率改善 <Example 1> Improvement of feed efficiency of piglets
離乳子豚の去勢雄 3 0頭、 離乳子豚の雌 3 0頭を用い、 対照区 3 0頭と核酸投 与区 3 0頭の 2群に分けた。子豚を 1 4日齢時点で離乳させ、離乳から 1 4日間、 対照区には表一 1 に示す組成の市販スターター飼料を、 核酸投与区には表一 1 の 市販スタ一タ一飼料にビール酵母より抽出したリボ核酸を 0.8%添加した試験飼 料を給与した。 離乳後 1 4日間が経過した後は、 両区とも同一の核酸未添加の飼 料 （市販後期飼料） が給与された。 離乳後 7、 1 4、 2 8日目の各時点で体重と 残飼重量を測定し、 飼料摂取量と增体重量、 飼料効率を算出した。 また離乳後 7 日目と 14曰目にそれぞれ各区 6頭ずつを屠殺し、 小腸を採取して絨毛の高さを 比較した。 結果を表一 2に示す。 表一 1 スターター飼料の配合組成 30 weaned male piglets and 30 weaned female piglets were used and divided into two groups: 30 control groups and 30 nucleic acid-administered groups. Piglets were weaned at the age of 14 days, and for 14 days after weaning, the control group was treated with a commercial starter feed having the composition shown in Table 11, and the nucleic acid-administered group was treated with the commercial starter feed shown in Table 11 Test house with 0.8% ribonucleic acid extracted from brewer's yeast Was paid. After 14 days from weaning, the same nucleic acid-free feed (late-stage commercial feed) was supplied to both plots. The body weight and the remaining weight were measured at 7, 14, and 28 days after weaning, and the feed intake, body weight, and feed efficiency were calculated. On the 7th and 14th days after weaning, 6 animals were sacrificed in each section, and the small intestine was collected to compare the villi height. The results are shown in Table 1-2. Table 1 Composition of starter feed
表一 2 結果 Table 1 2 Results
y ρ<ο.ιο 以上の結果から、 核酸を飼料に添加することにより離乳子豚の飼料効率の改善 が見られ、 発育が促進した。 特に離乳後 1 4曰目以降は、 核酸を添加しないにも かかわらず、 飼料摂取量は対照区と差がないものの、 増体重量で 11% (2.1対 2.4 kg/day) . 飼料効率で 12% (0.74対 0.82) の改善傾向が認められた。 また、 離乳 2後 14曰目での絨毛の高さは、 核酸投与区において対照区よりも有意に高くな つていた （162対 183、 顕微鏡観察下における相対値）。 この結果から、 飼料中へ の核酸の添加が離乳後の小腸絨毛の回復を促進し、 飼料効率を改善したことが示 唆された。 産業上の利用可能性 y ρ <ο.ιο From the above results, it was found that the addition of nucleic acid to the feed improved the feed efficiency of weaned piglets and promoted their growth. In particular, after weaning from the 14th term onward, despite the absence of nucleic acid addition, although the feed intake is not different from the control group, the gained weight is 11% (2.1 vs. 2.4 kg / day). % (0.74 vs. 0.82). In addition, the height of villi at 14 words after weaning was significantly higher in the nucleic acid-administered group than in the control group (162 vs. 183, relative values under microscopic observation). These results suggested that the addition of nucleic acid to the feed promoted the recovery of small intestinal villi after weaning and improved feed efficiency. Industrial applicability
本発明により、 小腸絨毛の回復を促進することにより家畜の飼料効率を改善す ることが可能になり、 その結果、 体重増加等の効果を得ることができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the feed efficiency of livestock by promoting the recovery of small intestinal villi, and as a result, effects such as weight gain can be obtained.
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000001362A JP2001190230A (en) | 2000-01-07 | 2000-01-07 | Method for improving feed efficiency |
| JP2000/1362 | 2000-01-07 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2001049126A1 true WO2001049126A1 (en) | 2001-07-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2000/009279 Ceased WO2001049126A1 (en) | 2000-01-07 | 2000-12-27 | Method of improving feed efficiency |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP2001190230A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001049126A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7326424B2 (en) | 2002-06-19 | 2008-02-05 | Can Technologies, Inc. | Animal feed composition |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2023040845A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2023-03-23 | 学校法人日本医科大学 | Feed additive, feed composition, and beef cattle production method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4839251A (en) * | 1971-09-07 | 1973-06-09 | ||
| JPS4834631B1 (en) * | 1964-12-11 | 1973-10-22 | ||
| US4666891A (en) * | 1984-02-08 | 1987-05-19 | Newport Ag | Method of stimulating animal growth by administering feed and inosine complex |
-
2000
- 2000-01-07 JP JP2000001362A patent/JP2001190230A/en active Pending
- 2000-12-27 WO PCT/JP2000/009279 patent/WO2001049126A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4834631B1 (en) * | 1964-12-11 | 1973-10-22 | ||
| JPS4839251A (en) * | 1971-09-07 | 1973-06-09 | ||
| US4666891A (en) * | 1984-02-08 | 1987-05-19 | Newport Ag | Method of stimulating animal growth by administering feed and inosine complex |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7326424B2 (en) | 2002-06-19 | 2008-02-05 | Can Technologies, Inc. | Animal feed composition |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2001190230A (en) | 2001-07-17 |
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