WO2000031230A1 - Method for producing tenside granulates - Google Patents
Method for producing tenside granulates Download PDFInfo
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- WO2000031230A1 WO2000031230A1 PCT/EP1999/008763 EP9908763W WO0031230A1 WO 2000031230 A1 WO2000031230 A1 WO 2000031230A1 EP 9908763 W EP9908763 W EP 9908763W WO 0031230 A1 WO0031230 A1 WO 0031230A1
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- Prior art keywords
- aqueous
- surfactant
- anionic surfactants
- granulation
- granules
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/044—Hydroxides or bases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
- C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the preparation of anionic surfactant granules by means of granulation and simultaneous drying in the fluidized bed, which is carried out in the presence of volatile bases, and to the use thereof for the production of, in particular, pH-neutral detergents, dishwashing detergents and agents for oral hygiene.
- Anionic surfactants such as alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates are common surfactants which, due to their high detergency, are widely used in cleaning processes of all kinds. Due to their manufacturing processes, these are usually obtained in salt form as aqueous solutions or pastes, which are converted into their powders or granules, for example, by conventional drying technology, in particular in the spray tower or in granulating devices. At the drying temperatures prevailing there, however, pH-neutral solutions or pastes of the alkyl (ether) sulfates would decompose autocatalytically into the corresponding olefinic base bodies and the corresponding salts of hydrogen sulfate, which themselves act as an acid in aqueous solution.
- such pastes are equipped with a so-called alkali reserve according to the prior art, ie such pastes are treated with an excess of free hydroxides, in particular sodium hydroxide.
- the sodium hydroxide is then able to trap the acid that may form through autocatalysis and thus stop the decomposition process.
- the alkali reserve is added in excess, usually in such amounts that, for example, a fatty alcohol sulfate paste has a pH value above 10, small residual amounts of unused sodium hydroxide always remain in the aqueous solution or paste of the alkyl (ether) sulfates.
- a process for the preparation of surfactant granules containing anionic surfactants is known from German published patent application DE-Al-43 04 062, which granules are produced from aqueous pastes by means of granulation and simultaneous drying.
- aqueous pastes of the anionic surfactants in the acid form and an aqueous alkaline solution are separately charged with a gaseous medium (air, nitrogen) and sprayed into the fluidized bed system separately or combined at a high propellant pressure.
- a gaseous medium air, nitrogen
- the object of the present invention was accordingly to provide a new process for the preparation of surfactant granules containing anionic surfactants which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art described.
- the new process should continue to effectively prevent the autocatalytic decomposition of the anionic surfactants when they dry.
- the object was achieved if volatile bases were added to the aqueous surfactant pastes containing anionic surfactants (in salt form) before and / or during the granulation and simultaneous drying in the fluidized bed.
- the invention includes the knowledge that anionic surfactant granules are available with the method according to the invention which contain little or no residual amounts of alkaline substances, so that they do not cause any undesirable interactions with perfumes or dyes. Furthermore, the invention includes the knowledge that through the ubiquitous presence of the volatile bases in the fluidized bed even at the most distant parts of the apparatus, for example in the filter, decomposition of dried anionic surfactants already formed can be effectively reduced under thermal stress and wall caking of the decomposed product can be reduced.
- One object of the present invention therefore relates to a process for the production of surfactant granules by granulation and simultaneous drying of an aqueous surfactant preparation containing anionic surfactants in the fluidized bed, characterized in that volatile bases are added before or during the granulation and simultaneous drying.
- aqueous surfactant preparations containing anionic surfactants are used for the process.
- these are aqueous surfactant preparations that only contain anionic surfactants.
- These are preferably used in the form of aqueous pastes, in particular with an active substance content of 25 to 90% by weight, based on aqueous anionic surfactant paste.
- anionic surfactants are fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, glycerol ether sulfates, hydroxy mixed ether sulfates, monoglyceride (ether) sulfates, fatty acid amide (ether) sulfates and alkyl oligoglucoside sulfates. If the anionic surfactants contain polyglycol ether chains, they can have a conventional, but preferably a narrow, homolog distribution.
- fatty alcohol sulfates and / or fatty alcohol ether sulfates are preferably used as anionic surfactants. Particularly suitable are those which follow the formula (I)
- R 1 is a linear or branched alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms
- m is 0 or numbers from 1 to 10
- X is an alkali and / or alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium or glucammonium.
- Particularly preferred is the use of sulfates based on technical C 12 / ⁇ 4 - or C 12/18 -Alkoholfr hopeen based seed oil on natural oils and fats such as coconut oil, palm oil, tallow or Palstearin or bwz also based on Ziegler alcohols.
- oxo alcohols in the range from C8 to C15 (or their mixtures of the aforementioned linear alcohols made from natural oils and fats or Ziegleral alcohols with oxo alcohols) in the form of their sodium, potassium and / or magnesium salts.
- Typical examples of ether sulfates of alcohols ethoxylated with an average of 1 to 10 and in particular 2 to 5 moles of ethylene oxide are selected from the group capron alcohol, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol Isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and brassidyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, in the form of their sodium and / or magnesium salts.
- the ether sulfates can have both a conventional and a narrow homolog distribution.
- aqueous surfactant preparations to be used in accordance with the invention can optionally contain further surfactants or also additives, which are preferably ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents.
- the aqueous surfactant preparations preferably contain nonionic surfactants as further surfactants.
- Suitable nonionic surfactants are liquid alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols with preferably 9 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, the underlying alcohols being linear or methyl-branched in the 2-position, or contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals.
- the nonionic surfactants of the type described are derived from linear alcohols of native origin with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, such as coconut, tallow or oleyl alcohol.
- the degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical averages, which can be an integer or a fraction for a specific product.
- Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, nre).
- alcohol ethoxylates are preferred which have an average of 2 to 8 ethylene oxide groups.
- the preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C -C -oxoalcohol with 7 EO, C ljC 15 -oxoalcohol with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and in particular C 1 -C 1 4 -
- nonionic surfactants are present in the aqueous surfactant preparations with the anionic surfactants, the amount used can vary widely. As a rule, the nonionic surfactants are present in the aqueous surfactant preparations in amounts of up to 50% by weight, calculated as the active substance and based on the active substance of the surfactants.
- the aqueous surfactant preparation can contain additives, which are preferably ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents, as further constituents, preferably in amounts of 0.001 to 80% by weight, based on the active substance of the aqueous surfactant preparation.
- additives are inorganic builder substances such as zeolite, SKS6, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, Aerosil and / or organic builder substances such as starch, cellulose, cellulose ether, microcrystalline cellulose and the like.
- aqueous pastes are preferred as aqueous surfactant preparations which contain exclusively anionic surfactants, in particular fatty alcohol sulfates and / or fatty alcohol ether sulfates in the form of their sodium, potassium and / or magnesium salts.
- Such pastes are commercially available and currently have an addition of aqueous hydroxides as an alkali reserve.
- the aqueous hydroxides according to the prior art are usually added in such amounts that, for example, fatty alcohol sulfate pastes (measured as a 1% by weight aqueous solution) have a pH above 10 have.
- the aqueous hydroxides are added during the production of the fatty alcohol sulfates by means of continuous neutralization.
- the anionic surfactant pastes have such an amount of alkali reserves that the pH is between 7 and 9.5.
- Such pH values of the anionic surfactant pastes can be adjusted during the preparation of the sulfates in the neutralization step after sulfonation of the alcohols by adding the calculated amount of hydroxides, in particular sodium hydroxide. This is particularly recommended for highly viscous anionic surfactant pastes, especially those that have active substance contents of 60 to 90% by weight. The same procedure can be followed for low-viscosity anionic surfactant pastes with active substance contents below 30% by weight.
- low-viscosity anionic surfactant pastes with high alkali reserves, preferably initially with customary inorganic and / or organic acids, for example citric acid, phosphoric acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid. Neutralize gluconic acid or sulfuric acid, especially citric acid, preferably up to a pH between 7 and 9.5. If desired, the acids can also be used to set a low pH below 7, for example in the case of low-viscosity fatty alcohol ether sulfate pastes. In the context of the invention it is of course also possible to use neutral aqueous pastes of anionic surfactants which have not been additionally stabilized by adding hydroxides with an alkali reserve. For the purposes of the present invention, all anionic surfactants (pastes) that have a pH between 7 and 9.5 are considered to be pH-neutral anionic surfactants (pastes).
- bases are preferably to be understood as meaning those compounds which, in the Broenstedt base definition, are capable of taking up protons. This includes compounds which are in themselves bases, such as ammonia or amines, and also compounds which only release bases, such as ammonium carbonate, by decomposition. Such bases are referred to as volatile in the sense of the invention if they are preferably used in the fluidized bed plants prevailing temperatures, especially at 60 ° C and below, are gaseous.
- volatile bases are those which are volatile even at room temperature (about 20 ° C.), such as ammonia and / or mono-, di- and trialkylamines with 1 and / or 2 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical.
- Ammonia is particularly suitable. Ammonia can be used as a gas or in the form of its aqueous solutions such as concentrated ammonia.
- the volatile bases are preferably added in amounts of 0.05 to 5, in particular 0J to 1% by weight, calculated as the active substance content of base and based on the active substance content of anionic surfactants in the aqueous surfactant preparation.
- the volatile bases can be added in accordance with the surfactant pastes containing anionic surfactant directly before they are granulated and simultaneously dried.
- the volatile bases in particular ammonia
- the volatile bases are expediently added in the form of their aqueous solutions, in particular as concentrated ammonia, to the aqueous, anionic surfactants, if appropriate containing pH-neutral preparations, before they are injected into the fluidized bed apparatus and subjected to the granulation and simultaneous drying .
- the aqueous anionic surfactants may contain surfactant preparations which may have previously been adjusted to be pH-neutral and, independently of this, to inject an aqueous base solution into the fluidized bed apparatus.
- the aqueous surfactant preparations with the anionic surfactants into the fluidized bed apparatus via a nozzle and to spray the aqueous base solutions, in particular concentrated ammonia, preferably above the sieve bottom of the fluidized bed apparatus. Since there is negative pressure above the sieve bottom, the aqueous base solution is sucked into the fluidized bed in a simple manner.
- the volatile bases are added to the fluidizing air fed into the fluidized bed apparatus for the granulation and drying.
- the aqueous, optionally pH-neutral, anionic surfactant-containing surfactant preparations are injected into the fluidized bed apparatus and are only granulated and dried there in the presence of the volatile bases, preferably ammonia as gas, supplied with the fluidizing air. It is of course also possible within the scope of the invention to combine two or more of the described embodiments with one another.
- the aqueous surfactant preparations containing anionic surfactants, preferably the aqueous anionic surfactant pastes can be granulated alone or with the addition of solid carrier materials in the fluidized bed and dried at the same time.
- the water evaporates from the preparation (paste), resulting in dried to dried germs, which are coated with the optionally mixed carrier materials, granulated and again dried at the same time.
- carrier materials are to be mixed in, they are mixed in simultaneously with the aqueous surfactant preparations (pastes), but separately from these, preferably via an automatically regulated solids metering.
- carrier materials are mixed in for the purposes of the invention, they are preferably inorganic carrier materials and in particular alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal sulfates, crystalline or amorphous alkali metal silicates, crystalline or amorphous sheet silicates and / or zeolites.
- the proportion of carrier materials to surfactant is not critical and can be in the weight ratio between 0: 100 to 50:50, preferably up to 80:20.
- Fluidized bed apparatuses which are preferably used have base plates (sieve bases) with a diameter between 0.4 and 5 m, for example 1.2 m or 2.5 m.
- Perforated floor slabs a Contidur slab (commercial product from Hein & Lehmann, Federal Republic of Germany) or perforated floor slabs can be used as the floor slab, the holes (passage openings) of which are covered by a grid with mesh sizes of less than 600 ⁇ m.
- the grid can be arranged inside or above the passage openings. However, the grid preferably lies directly below the passage openings of the inflow floor.
- the metal gauze preferably consists of the same material as the inflow floor, in particular of stainless steel.
- the mesh size of said grid is preferably between 200 and 400 ⁇ m.
- the process is preferably carried out at swirl air speeds between 1 and 8 m / s and in particular between 1.5 and 5.5 m / s.
- the granules are advantageously discharged via a size classification of the granules. This classification is preferably carried out by means of an opposed air flow (classifier air), which is regulated in such a way that only particles above a certain particle size are removed from the fluidized bed and smaller particles are retained in the fluidized bed.
- classifier air opposed air flow
- the inflowing air is composed of the heated or unheated classifier air and the heated soil air.
- the soil air temperature is preferably between 80 and 400 ° C.
- the fluidizing air cools down through heat losses and through the heat of vaporization and is preferably approximately 5 cm above the base plate 60 to 120 ° C., preferably 65 to 90 ° C. and in particular 70 to 85 ° C.
- the air outlet temperature is preferably between 60 and 120 ° C, in particular below 80 ° C.
- a starting mass is present at the beginning of the process, which serves as an initial carrier for the sprayed-in surfactant paste.
- Suitable starting materials are the surfactant granules themselves, which may contain carrier materials, which have already been obtained in a previous process, or the carrier materials can be used as starting materials.
- surfactant granules with a grain size in the range between 0J and 1.6 mm obtained from one of the preceding process sequences are used as starting mass.
- the granules obtained from the fluidized bed are then preferably cooled in a separate fluidized bed and classified by means of a sieve into granules with grain sizes between 0J and 1.6 mm as good grain fraction and in granules over 1.6 mm as Uberkom fraction, while particles below 0.1 mm already get into an exhaust air filter during drying in the fluidized bed, separated from the exhaust air there and then fed back into the fluidized bed as germ material.
- the Uberkom fraction is ground and also returned to the fluidized bed.
- the surfactant granules are regarded as dried if the free water content is preferably below 10% by weight, in particular from 0J to 2% by weight, based in each case on the finished granules.
- Surfactant granules with a high bulk density are obtained by the process according to the invention, preferably above 500 g / 1 and in particular between 550 and 1000 g / 1.
- the active substance content fluctuates depending on the addition of carrier materials used and is in particular above 50% by weight, preferably between 85 and 98% by weight.
- the surfactant granules obtained by the process according to the invention are pH neutral, i.e. after dissolving the surfactant granules in water, the aqueous solution has a pH between 7 and 9.5. Furthermore, the surfactant granules are dust-free and free-flowing and not or hardly sticky, so that they are easy to handle and silage-compatible in big bags.
- Another object of the present invention relates to the use of the granules produced according to the invention as pH-neutral surfactants for the production of washing, rinsing and cleaning agents.
- the detergents, rinsing agents and cleaning agents can contain the granules according to the invention in customary amounts, preferably in the range from 0J to 50% by weight, based on the agent.
- the surfactant granules produced according to the invention are preferably suitable for the production of pH-neutral washing, rinsing and cleaning agents such as pH-neutral powder cleaners and pH-neutral soaps, as well as for detergents mixed with colorants such as toilet blocks.
- the pH-neutral washing, rinsing and cleaning agents can be in powder, granular or lumpy form.
- Another object of the present invention relates to the use of the granules according to the invention as surfactants for the production of cleaning cosmetics for teeth, hair and skin, in particular for the production of hair shampoos, shower baths, washing lotions, toothpaste and the like.
- These agents can contain the granules according to the invention in amounts of 0J to 30% by weight, based on the agent.
- the use for the production of agents for oral hygiene, in particular for toothpaste, is particularly preferred. Examples
- a 1% aqueous solution of the granules showed a pH of 8.8 at 25 ° C.
- 500 g of this sodium lauryl sulfate granulate were stored in a porcelain bowl in a drying cabinet at 80 ° C. for 72 hours. After this time, no gray spots were found in the product.
- Example 1 10,000 kg of an aqueous paste containing 65% by weight sodium lauryl sulfate (52% C12 / 21% C 14/10% C 16/17% C 18) with a free alkali content of 0.1% .-% sodium hydroxide continuously injected at 2,000 kg per hour at a temperature of 70 ° C into the fluidized bed system (SKET system), the drying air having a temperature of 180 ° C when entering the fluidized bed, and 90 ° C at the outlet.
- the temperature in the fluidized bed was 70 ° C. 24 kg of a 25% aq.
- Ammonia solution were operated in parallel using a positively controlled
- the multi-piston metering pump together with the aqueous surfactant paste is continuously fed into the fluidized bed of the SKET system.
- a 1% aqueous solution of the granules showed a pH of 9.5 at 25 ° C.
- 500 g of this sodium lauryl sulfate granulate were stored in a porcelain bowl in a drying cabinet at 80 ° C. for 72 hours. After this time, no gray spots were found in the product.
- Example 1 10,000 kg of an aqueous paste containing 65% by weight sodium lauryl sulfate (52% C12 / 21% C 14/10% C 16/17% C 18) with a free alkali content of 0J% by weight. % Sodium hydroxide continuously injected at 2,000 kg per hour at a temperature of 70 ° C into the fluidized bed system (SKET system), the drying air having a temperature of 160 ° C when entering the fluidized bed and 90 ° C at the outlet. The temperature in the fluidized bed was 60 ° C.
- a 1% aqueous solution of the granules showed a pH of 9.2 at 25 ° C.
- 500 g of this sodium lauryl sulfate granulate were stored in a porcelain bowl in a drying cabinet at 80 ° C. for 72 hours. After this time, gray specks appeared in the product, which were isolated and had an acidic pH.
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Abstract
Description
„Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tensidgranulaten' "Process for the production of surfactant granules"
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Aniontenside enthaltenden Tensidgranulaten mittels Granulierung und gleichzeitiger Trocknung in der Wirbelschicht, wobei in Gegenwart flüchtiger Basen gearbeitet wird, sowie deren Verwendung zur Herstellung von insbesondere pH-neutralen Wasch-, Spül- und Reinigungsmitteln und Mitteln der Mundhygiene.The invention relates to a process for the preparation of anionic surfactant granules by means of granulation and simultaneous drying in the fluidized bed, which is carried out in the presence of volatile bases, and to the use thereof for the production of, in particular, pH-neutral detergents, dishwashing detergents and agents for oral hygiene.
Aniontenside wie Alkylsulfate und Alkylethersulfate sind gängige Tenside, die aufgrund ihrer hohen Waschkraft eine breite Anwendung in Reinigungsprozessen aller Art finden. Bedingt über deren Herstellverfahren fallen diese meist in Salzform als wäßrige Lösungen oder Pasten an, die beispielsweise durch konventionelle Trocknungstechnik, insbesondere im Sprühturm oder in Granuliervorrichtungen, in ihre Pulver bzw. Granulate überfuhrt werden. Bei den dort herrschenden Trocknungstemperaturen würden jedoch pH-neutrale Lösungen oder Pasten der Alkyl(ether)sulfate autokatalytisch in die entsprechenden olefi- nischen Grundkörper und die entsprechenden Salze von Hydrogensulfat, welche in wäßriger Lösung selber als Säure wirken, zerfallen. Aus diesem Grund werden derartige Pasten nach dem Stand der Technik mit einer sogenannten Alkalireserve ausgestattet, d.h. man versetzt derartige Pasten mit einem Überschuß an freien Hydroxiden, insbesondere an Natriumhydroxid. Das Natriumhydroxid ist dann in der Lage, die sich ggf. durch Autokatalyse bildende Säure abzufangen und so den Zersetzungsprozeß zu stoppen. Da die Alkalireserve im Überschuß zugegeben wird, in der Regel in solchen Mengen, daß beispielsweise eine Fettalkoholsulfatpaste einen pH- Wert über 10 aufweist, verbleiben stets geringe Restmengen an nicht verbrauchtem Natriumhydroxid in der wäßrigen Lösung oder Paste der Alkyl(ether)sulfate. Auch nach dem Trocknungsprozeß der Lösungen oder Pasten zu den entsprechenden Pulvern oder Granulaten sind die Restmengen der Alkalireserve als Nebenbestandteile der Aniontenside vorhanden. Diese restlichen Alkalibestandteile in den Aniontensiden bereiten jedoch bei einer Reihe von Anwendungen Probleme, da sie beispielsweise aufgrund unerwünschter Wechselwirkungen mit Parfumrohstoffen oder Farbstoffen zu Geruchs- und Farbverschiebungen führen können. Darüber hinaus gibt es eine Reihe von Anwendungsfeldern, beispielsweise in der Kosmetik oder im Bereich der sogenannten pH-neutralen Wasch-, Spül- und Reinigungsmittel, für die pH-neutrale Aniontenside gewünscht werden.Anionic surfactants such as alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates are common surfactants which, due to their high detergency, are widely used in cleaning processes of all kinds. Due to their manufacturing processes, these are usually obtained in salt form as aqueous solutions or pastes, which are converted into their powders or granules, for example, by conventional drying technology, in particular in the spray tower or in granulating devices. At the drying temperatures prevailing there, however, pH-neutral solutions or pastes of the alkyl (ether) sulfates would decompose autocatalytically into the corresponding olefinic base bodies and the corresponding salts of hydrogen sulfate, which themselves act as an acid in aqueous solution. For this reason, such pastes are equipped with a so-called alkali reserve according to the prior art, ie such pastes are treated with an excess of free hydroxides, in particular sodium hydroxide. The sodium hydroxide is then able to trap the acid that may form through autocatalysis and thus stop the decomposition process. Since the alkali reserve is added in excess, usually in such amounts that, for example, a fatty alcohol sulfate paste has a pH value above 10, small residual amounts of unused sodium hydroxide always remain in the aqueous solution or paste of the alkyl (ether) sulfates. Even after the solutions or pastes have dried to give the corresponding powders or granules, the residual amounts of the alkali reserve are present as secondary constituents of the anionic surfactants. However, these remaining alkali constituents in the anionic surfactants cause problems in a number of applications since, for example, they can lead to odor and color shifts due to undesirable interactions with perfume raw materials or dyes. There are also a number of fields of application, for example in cosmetics or in the field of so-called pH-neutral washing, rinsing and cleaning agents for which pH-neutral anionic surfactants are desired.
Aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE-Al- 43 04 062 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Aniontenside enthaltenden Tensidgranulaten bekannt, die mittels Granulation und gleichzeitiger Trocknung aus wäßrigen Pasten hergestellt werden. Dazu werden wäßrige Pasten der anionischen Tenside in der Säureform, sowie eine wäßrige alkalische Lösung getrennt mit einem gasförmigen Medium (Luft, Stickstoff) beaufschlagt und getrennt oder zusammengeführt bei einem hohen Treibgasdruck in die Wirbelschichtanlage versprüht. Mit diesem Verfahren kann der Energiebedarf, der mit der Trocknung der wäßrigen Anionpasten verbunden ist, reduziert werden. Gemäß dieser Offenlegungsschrift werden zur Neutralisation der anionischen Tenside in der Säureform alkalische Lösungen von Hydroxiden, Carbonaten oder Hypochloriten des Natriums oder Kaliums eingesetzt. Diese verbleiben jedoch in den hergestellten Aniongranulaten, so daß auch nach diesem Verfahren die geschilderten Nachteile des Standes der Technik nicht überwunden werden.A process for the preparation of surfactant granules containing anionic surfactants is known from German published patent application DE-Al-43 04 062, which granules are produced from aqueous pastes by means of granulation and simultaneous drying. For this purpose, aqueous pastes of the anionic surfactants in the acid form and an aqueous alkaline solution are separately charged with a gaseous medium (air, nitrogen) and sprayed into the fluidized bed system separately or combined at a high propellant pressure. With this method, the energy requirement associated with the drying of the aqueous anion pastes can be reduced. According to this publication, alkaline solutions of hydroxides, carbonates or hypochlorites of sodium or potassium are used to neutralize the anionic surfactants in the acid form. However, these remain in the anion granules produced, so that the disadvantages of the prior art described are not overcome even by this process.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war es demgemäß, ein neues Verfahren zur Herstellung von Aniontenside enthaltenden Tensidgranulaten bereitzustellen, das die geschilderten Nachteile des Standes der Technik überwindet. Nach dem neuen Verfahren sollte zum einen weiterhin die autokatalytische Zersetzung der Aniontenside bei deren Trocknung wirkungsvoll verhindert werden. Im Gegensatz zu den bisherigen Verfahren sollten jedoch in den entstehenden Tensidgranulaten keine störenden Restmengen an alkalischen Substanzen mehr vorhanden sein. Weiterhin war es im Rahmen der Erfindung gewünscht, Aniontenside als Granulate mit einem hohen Schüttgewicht herzustellen, die nur wenig staubende Anteile aufweisen.The object of the present invention was accordingly to provide a new process for the preparation of surfactant granules containing anionic surfactants which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art described. On the one hand, the new process should continue to effectively prevent the autocatalytic decomposition of the anionic surfactants when they dry. In contrast to the previous methods, however, there should no longer be any disruptive residual amounts of alkaline substances in the resulting surfactant granules. Furthermore, it was desired within the scope of the invention to produce anionic surfactants as granules with a high bulk density, which only have a low dust content.
Überraschenderweise wurde die Aufgabe gelöst, wenn man die wäßrigen, Aniontenside (in Salzform) enthaltenden Tensidpasten vor und/oder während der Granulation und gleichzeitigen Trocknung in der Wirbelschicht mit flüchtigen Basen versetzt.Surprisingly, the object was achieved if volatile bases were added to the aqueous surfactant pastes containing anionic surfactants (in salt form) before and / or during the granulation and simultaneous drying in the fluidized bed.
Die Erfindung schließt die Erkenntnis ein, daß mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren Aniontensidgranulate zugänglich sind, die keine oder geringere Restmengen an alkalischen Substanzen enthalten, so daß sie keine unerwünschten Wechselwirkungen mit Parfum- oder Farbstoffen bewirken. Weiterhin schließt die Erfindung die Erkenntnis ein, daß durch die allgegenwärtige Anwesenheit der flüchtigen Basen in der Wirbelschicht auch an entferntesten Stellen der Apparatur, beispielsweise im Filter, Zersetzungen von bereits gebildeten getrockneten Aniontensiden unter thermischer Belastung wirkungsvoll vermindert werden und Wandanbackungen des zersetzten Produktes reduziert werden.The invention includes the knowledge that anionic surfactant granules are available with the method according to the invention which contain little or no residual amounts of alkaline substances, so that they do not cause any undesirable interactions with perfumes or dyes. Furthermore, the invention includes the knowledge that through the ubiquitous presence of the volatile bases in the fluidized bed even at the most distant parts of the apparatus, for example in the filter, decomposition of dried anionic surfactants already formed can be effectively reduced under thermal stress and wall caking of the decomposed product can be reduced.
Ein Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung betrifft daher ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tensidgranulaten durch Granulierung und gleichzeitiger Trocknung einer wäßrigen, Aniontenside enthaltenden Tensidzubereitung in der Wirbelschicht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vor oder während der Granulierung und gleichzeitigen Trocknung flüchtige Basen zugesetzt werden.One object of the present invention therefore relates to a process for the production of surfactant granules by granulation and simultaneous drying of an aqueous surfactant preparation containing anionic surfactants in the fluidized bed, characterized in that volatile bases are added before or during the granulation and simultaneous drying.
Im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung werden für das Verfahren wäßrige, Aniontenside enthaltende Tensidzubereitungen eingesetzt. Im einfachsten Fall handelt es sich dabei um wäßrige Tensidzubereitungen, die ausschließlich Aniontenside enthalten. Vorzugsweise werden diese in Form wäßriger Pasten, insbesondere mit einem Aktivsubstanzgehalt von 25 bis 90 Gew.% - bezogen auf wäßrige Aniontensid-Paste - eingesetzt.For the purposes of the present invention, aqueous surfactant preparations containing anionic surfactants are used for the process. In the simplest case, these are aqueous surfactant preparations that only contain anionic surfactants. These are preferably used in the form of aqueous pastes, in particular with an active substance content of 25 to 90% by weight, based on aqueous anionic surfactant paste.
Typische Beispiele für anionische Tenside sind Fettalkoholsulfate, Fettalkoholethersulfate, Glycerinethersulfate, Hydroxymischethersulfate, Monoglycerid(ether)sulfate, Fettsäure- amid(ether)sulfate und Alkyloligoglucosidsulfate. Sofem die anionischen Tenside Polygly- coletherketten enthalten, können sie eine konventionelle, vorzugsweise jedoch eine eingeengte Homologenverteilung aufweisen.Typical examples of anionic surfactants are fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, glycerol ether sulfates, hydroxy mixed ether sulfates, monoglyceride (ether) sulfates, fatty acid amide (ether) sulfates and alkyl oligoglucoside sulfates. If the anionic surfactants contain polyglycol ether chains, they can have a conventional, but preferably a narrow, homolog distribution.
Bevorzugt im Sinne der Erfindung werden als anionische Tenside Fettalkoholsulfate und/oder Fettalkoholethersulfate eingesetzt. Insbesondere geeignet sind solche, die der Formel (I) folgen,For the purposes of the invention, fatty alcohol sulfates and / or fatty alcohol ether sulfates are preferably used as anionic surfactants. Particularly suitable are those which follow the formula (I)
R10-(CH2CH2O)mSO3X ( I )R 1 0- (CH 2 CH 2 O) m SO 3 X (I)
in der R1 für einen linearen oder verzweigten Alkyl- und/oder Alkenylrest mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen, m für 0 oder Zahlen von 1 bis 10 und X für ein Alkali- und/oder Erdalkalimetall, Ammonium, Alkylammonium, Alkanolammonium oder Glucammonium steht. Besonders bevorzugt ist der Einsatz von Sulfaten auf Basis von technischen C12/ι4- bzw. C12/18-Alkoholfraktionen, basierend auf natürlichen Ölen und Fetten wie Kokosöl, Palm- kernöl, Palstearin oder Talg bzw. auch basierend auf Ziegleralkoholen bwz. auch von Oxoalkoholen im Bereich von C8 bis C15 (oder deren Mischungen aus den zuvor genannten linearen Alkoholen aus natürlichen Ölen und Fetten bzw. Ziegleralkoholen mit Oxoalkoholen) in Form ihrer Natrium-, Kalium- und/oder Magnesiumsalze.in which R 1 is a linear or branched alkyl and / or alkenyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, m is 0 or numbers from 1 to 10 and X is an alkali and / or alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium or glucammonium. Particularly preferred is the use of sulfates based on technical C 12 / ι 4 - or C 12/18 -Alkoholfraktionen based seed oil on natural oils and fats such as coconut oil, palm oil, tallow or Palstearin or bwz also based on Ziegler alcohols. also of oxo alcohols in the range from C8 to C15 (or their mixtures of the aforementioned linear alcohols made from natural oils and fats or Ziegleral alcohols with oxo alcohols) in the form of their sodium, potassium and / or magnesium salts.
Typische Beispiele für Ethersulfate von mit durchschnittlich 1 bis 10 und insbesondere 2 bis 5 Mol Ethylenoxid ethoxylierte Alkohole sind ausgewählt aus der Gruppe Capronalko- hol, Caprylalkohol, 2-Ethylhexylalkohol, Caprinalkohol, Laurylalkohol, Isotridecylalko- hol, Myristylalkohol, Cetylalkohol, Palmoleylalkohol, Stearylalkohol, Isostearylalkohol, Oleylalkohol, Elaidylalkohol, Petroselinylalkohol, Arachylalkohol, Gadoleylalkohol, Be- henylalkohol, Erucylalkohol und Brassidylalkohol sowie deren technische Mischungen, in Form ihrer Natrium- und/oder Magnesiumsalze. Die Ethersulfate können dabei sowohl eine konventionelle als auch eine eingeengte Homologenverteilung aufweisen.Typical examples of ether sulfates of alcohols ethoxylated with an average of 1 to 10 and in particular 2 to 5 moles of ethylene oxide are selected from the group capron alcohol, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol Isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and brassidyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, in the form of their sodium and / or magnesium salts. The ether sulfates can have both a conventional and a narrow homolog distribution.
Die im Sinne der Erfindung einzusetzenden wäßrigen Tensidzubereitungen können neben den zwingend enthaltenen Aniontensiden fakultativ weitere Tenside oder aber auch Zusatzstoffe, die vorzugsweise Inhaltsstoffe von Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln sind, enthalten.In addition to the mandatory anionic surfactants, the aqueous surfactant preparations to be used in accordance with the invention can optionally contain further surfactants or also additives, which are preferably ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents.
Bevorzugt sind in den wäßrigen Tensidzubereitungen als weitere Tenside nichtionische Tenside enthalten. Als nichtionische Tenside eignen sich flüssige alkoxylierte, vorteilhafterweise ethoxylierte, insbesondere primäre Alkohole mit vorzugsweise 9 bis 18 C-Atomen und durchschnittlich 1 bis 12 Mol Ethylenoxid (EO) pro Mol Alkohol, wobei die zugrundeliegenden Alkohole linear oder in 2-Stellung methylverzweigt sein können, bzw. lineare und methylverzweigte Reste im Gemisch enthalten, so wie sie üblicherweise in Oxoalkoholresten vorliegen. Insbesondere leiten sich die nichtionischen Tenside der geschilderten Art von linearen Alkoholen nativen Ursprungs mit 12 bis 18 C-Atomen, wie von Kokos-, Taigfett- oder Oleylalkohol, ab. Die angegebenen Ethoxylierungsgrade stellen statistische Mittelwerte dar, die für ein spezielles Produkt eine ganze oder eine gebrochene Zahl sein können. Bevorzugte Alkoholethoxylate weisen eine eingeengte Homologenverteilung (narrow ränge ethoxylates, nre) auf. Insbesondere sind Alkoholethoxylate bevorzugt, die durchschnittlich 2 bis 8 Ethylenoxidgruppen aufweisen. Zu den bevorzugten ethoxylierten Alkoholen gehören beispielsweise C -C -Oxoalkohol mit 7 EO, C l-j-C 15 -Oxoalkohol mit 3 EO, 5 EO oder 7 EO und insbesondere C 1 -C 14 -The aqueous surfactant preparations preferably contain nonionic surfactants as further surfactants. Suitable nonionic surfactants are liquid alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols with preferably 9 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, the underlying alcohols being linear or methyl-branched in the 2-position, or contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals. In particular, the nonionic surfactants of the type described are derived from linear alcohols of native origin with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, such as coconut, tallow or oleyl alcohol. The degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical averages, which can be an integer or a fraction for a specific product. Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, nre). In particular, alcohol ethoxylates are preferred which have an average of 2 to 8 ethylene oxide groups. The preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C -C -oxoalcohol with 7 EO, C ljC 15 -oxoalcohol with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and in particular C 1 -C 1 4 -
Alkohol mit 3 EO oder 4 EO, C 12.-C, 1 o -Alkohole mit 3 EO, 5 EO oder 7 EO undAlcohol with 3 EO or 4 EO, C 12.-C, 1 o-alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and
Mischungen aus diesen, wie Mischungen aus C -C|4-Alkohol mit 3 EO und C -C - Alkohol mit 5 EO.Mixtures of these, such as mixtures of C -C 4 alcohol with 3 EO and C -C alcohol with 5 EO.
Weiterhin können als nichtionische Tenside Alkylglykoside der allgenmeinen Formel R-O- (G)χ, in der R einen primären geradkettigen oder in 2-Stellung methylverzweigten aliphati- schen Rest mit 8 bis 22, vorzugsweise 12 bis 18 C-Atomen bedeutet, G ein Symbol ist, das für eine Glykose-Einheit mit 5 oder 6 C-Atomen steht, und der Oligomerisierungsgrad x zwischen 1 und 10, vorzugsweise zwischen 1 und 2 liegt und insbesondere kleiner als 1 ,4 ist, in den wäßrigen Tensidzubereitungsformen enthalten sein.Can continue as nonionic surfactants, alkyl glycosides of the allgenmeinen formula RO- (G) χ in which R is a primary linear or methyl-branched in the 2-position aliphatic rule radical having from 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms, G is a symbol , which stands for a glycose unit with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, and the degree of oligomerization x is between 1 and 10, preferably between 1 and 2 and in particular less than 1.4, are contained in the aqueous surfactant preparation forms.
Sofern nichtionische Tenside in den wäßrigen Tensidzubereitungen mit den Aniontensiden enthalten sind, kann deren Einsatzmenge in weiten Bereichen variieren. In der Regel sind die nichtionischen Tenside in Mengen bis zu 50 Gew.% - berechnet als Aktivsubstanz und bezogen auf Aktivsubstanz der Tenside - in den wäßrigen Tensidzubereitungen enthalten.If nonionic surfactants are present in the aqueous surfactant preparations with the anionic surfactants, the amount used can vary widely. As a rule, the nonionic surfactants are present in the aqueous surfactant preparations in amounts of up to 50% by weight, calculated as the active substance and based on the active substance of the surfactants.
Als weitere Bestandteile kann die wäßrige Tensidzubereitung Zusatzstoffe, die vorzugsweise Inhaltsstoffe von Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln sind, enthalten, vorzugsweise in Mengen von 0,001 bis 80 Gew.-%, bezogen auf Aktivsubstanz der wäßrigen Tensidzubereitung. Besonders bevorzugte Zusatzstoffe sind anorganische Buildersubstanzen wie Zeo- lithe, SKS6, Natriumcarbonat, Natriumsulfat, Aerosil und/oder organische Buildersubstanzen wie Stärke, Cellulose, Celluloseether, mikrokristalline Cellulose und ähnliches.The aqueous surfactant preparation can contain additives, which are preferably ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents, as further constituents, preferably in amounts of 0.001 to 80% by weight, based on the active substance of the aqueous surfactant preparation. Particularly preferred additives are inorganic builder substances such as zeolite, SKS6, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, Aerosil and / or organic builder substances such as starch, cellulose, cellulose ether, microcrystalline cellulose and the like.
Im Sinne der Erfindung werden als wäßrige Tensidzubereitungen wäßrige Pasten bevorzugt, die als Tenside ausschließlich Aniontenside, insbesondere Fettalkoholsulfate und/oder Fettalkoholethersufate in Form von ihrer Natrium-, Kalium- und/oder Magnesiumsalze enthalten. Derartige Pasten sind kommerziell erhältlich und verfugen zur Zeit über einen Zusatz von wäßrigen Hydroxiden als Alkalireserve. Um die unerwünschte Autokatalyse zu vermeiden, werden die wäßrigen Hydroxide nach dem bisherigen Stand der Technik meist in solchen Mengen zugegeben, daß beispielswesie Fettalkoholsulfatpasten (gemessen als 1 gew.%ige wäßrige Lösung) einen pH- Wert über 10 aufweisen. Die Zugabe der wäßrigen Hydroxide erfolgt bei der Herstellung der Fettalkoholsulfate mittels Konti-Neutralisation.For the purposes of the invention, aqueous pastes are preferred as aqueous surfactant preparations which contain exclusively anionic surfactants, in particular fatty alcohol sulfates and / or fatty alcohol ether sulfates in the form of their sodium, potassium and / or magnesium salts. Such pastes are commercially available and currently have an addition of aqueous hydroxides as an alkali reserve. In order to avoid the undesired autocatalysis, the aqueous hydroxides according to the prior art are usually added in such amounts that, for example, fatty alcohol sulfate pastes (measured as a 1% by weight aqueous solution) have a pH above 10 have. The aqueous hydroxides are added during the production of the fatty alcohol sulfates by means of continuous neutralization.
Nach der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es nun möglich, sowohl hochkonzentrierte als auch niedrigkonzentrierte Pasten von Aniontensiden mit geringeren Mengen an Alkalireserven einzusetzen. In der Regel weisen die Aniontensidpasten eine solche Menge an Alkalireserven auf, daß der pH- Wert zwischen 7 und 9,5 liegt. Derartige pH- Werte der Aniontensidpasten können schon bei der Herstellung der Sulfate im Neutralisationsschritt nach erfolgter Sulfierung der Alkohole durch Zugabe der berechneten Menge an Hydroxiden, insbesondere Natriumhydroxid, eingestellt werden. Dies empfiehlt sich insbesondere für hochviskose Aniontensidpasten, insbesondere solchen, die Aktivsubstanzgehalte von 60 bis 90 Gew.% aufweisen. Bei niedrigviskosen Aniontensidpasten mit Aktivsubstanzgehalten unter 30 Gew.% kann auf die gleiche Weise verfahren werden. Man kann aber auch kommerziell erhältliche niedrigviskose Aniontensidpasten mit hohen Alkalireserven nachträglich, vorzugsweise zunächst mit üblichen anorganischen und/oder organischen Säuren, beispielsweise Citronensäure, Phosphorsäure, Milchsäure, Glykolsäure. Gluconsäure oder Schwefelsäure, insbesondere Citronensäure, neutralisieren, vorzugsweise bis zu einem pH- Wert zwischen 7 und 9,5. Falls gewünscht, kann mit den Säuren auch ein niederer pH-Wert unter 7 eingestellt werden, beispielsweise bei niedrigviskosen Fettalkoholethersulfatpasten. Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist es natürlich auch möglich, neutrale wäßrige Pasten von Aniontensiden einzusetzen, die nicht zusätzlich durch einen Zusatz von Hydroxiden mit einer Alkalireserve stabilisiert worden sind. Im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung gelten alle Aniontensid(pasten), die einen pH- Wert zwischen 7 und 9,5 aufweisen als pH-neutrale Aniontensid(pasten) .According to the present invention, it is now possible to use both highly concentrated and low-concentrated pastes of anionic surfactants with smaller amounts of alkali reserves. As a rule, the anionic surfactant pastes have such an amount of alkali reserves that the pH is between 7 and 9.5. Such pH values of the anionic surfactant pastes can be adjusted during the preparation of the sulfates in the neutralization step after sulfonation of the alcohols by adding the calculated amount of hydroxides, in particular sodium hydroxide. This is particularly recommended for highly viscous anionic surfactant pastes, especially those that have active substance contents of 60 to 90% by weight. The same procedure can be followed for low-viscosity anionic surfactant pastes with active substance contents below 30% by weight. However, it is also possible to retrofit commercially available low-viscosity anionic surfactant pastes with high alkali reserves, preferably initially with customary inorganic and / or organic acids, for example citric acid, phosphoric acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid. Neutralize gluconic acid or sulfuric acid, especially citric acid, preferably up to a pH between 7 and 9.5. If desired, the acids can also be used to set a low pH below 7, for example in the case of low-viscosity fatty alcohol ether sulfate pastes. In the context of the invention it is of course also possible to use neutral aqueous pastes of anionic surfactants which have not been additionally stabilized by adding hydroxides with an alkali reserve. For the purposes of the present invention, all anionic surfactants (pastes) that have a pH between 7 and 9.5 are considered to be pH-neutral anionic surfactants (pastes).
Im Sinne der Erfindung ist es nun vorteilhaft, daß derart pH-neutrale Aniontensid enthaltende Tensidpasten in Gegenwart von flüchtigen Basen granuliert und getrocknet werden. Unter dem Begriff der Basen sind im Rahmen der Verbindungen vorzugsweise solche Verbindungen zu verstehen, die im Sinne der Basendefinition nach Broenstedt in der Lage sind, Protonen aufzunehmen. Hierunter sind Verbindungen zu verstehen, die an sich schon Basen sind, wie Ammoniak oder Amine, als auch Verbindungen, die durch Zersetzung erst Basen freisetzen wie Ammoniumcarbonat. Als flüchtig werden solche Basen im Sinne der Erfindung bezeichnet, wenn sie vorzugsweise bei den in den Wirbelschichtanlagen herrschenden Temperaturen, insbesondere bei 60°C und darunter, gasförmig sind. - Insbesondere sind als flüchtige Basen solche geeignet, die bereits bei Zimmertemperatur (etwa 20°C) flüchtig sind wie Ammoniak und/oder Mono-, Di- und Trialkylamine mit 1 und/oder 2 Kohlenstoffatomen im Alkylrest. Insbesondere geeignet ist Ammoniak. Ammoniak kann dabei als Gas oder in Form seiner wäßrigen Lösungen wie konzentrierter Ammoniak eingesetzt werden. Im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung werden die flüchtigen Basen vorzugsweise in Mengen von 0,05 bis 5, insbesondere 0J bis 1 Gew.% - berechnet als Aktivsubstanzgehalt an Base und bezogen auf den Aktivsubsanzgehalt an Aniontensiden in der wäßrigen Tensidzubereitung - zugesetzt.In the sense of the invention, it is now advantageous that surfactant pastes containing such pH-neutral anionic surfactant are granulated and dried in the presence of volatile bases. In the context of the compounds, the term bases is preferably to be understood as meaning those compounds which, in the Broenstedt base definition, are capable of taking up protons. This includes compounds which are in themselves bases, such as ammonia or amines, and also compounds which only release bases, such as ammonium carbonate, by decomposition. Such bases are referred to as volatile in the sense of the invention if they are preferably used in the fluidized bed plants prevailing temperatures, especially at 60 ° C and below, are gaseous. - Particularly suitable as volatile bases are those which are volatile even at room temperature (about 20 ° C.), such as ammonia and / or mono-, di- and trialkylamines with 1 and / or 2 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical. Ammonia is particularly suitable. Ammonia can be used as a gas or in the form of its aqueous solutions such as concentrated ammonia. For the purposes of the present invention, the volatile bases are preferably added in amounts of 0.05 to 5, in particular 0J to 1% by weight, calculated as the active substance content of base and based on the active substance content of anionic surfactants in the aqueous surfactant preparation.
Die flüchtigen Basen können einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung entsprechend den Aniontensid enthaltenden Tensidpasten direkt vor deren Granulierung und gleichzeitiger Trocknung zugesetzt werden. Zweckmäßigerweise werden hierzu die flüchtigen Basen, insbesondere Ammoniak, in Form ihrer wäßrigen Lösungen, insbesondere als konzentrierter Ammoniak, den wäßrigen, Aniontenside enthaltenen ggf. vorher pH-neutral eingestellten Tensidzubereitungen zugesetzt, bevor diese in die Wirbelschichtapparatur eingedüst und der Granulierung und gleichzeitigen Trocknung unterworfen werden. Es ist aber auch möglich, die wäßrigen Aniontenside enthaltenen ggf. vorher pH-neutral eingestellten Tensidzubereitungen und unabhängig davon, eine wäßrige Basenlösung mit in die Wirbelschichtapparatur einzudüsen. Dies kann entweder parallel mit Hilfe einer Mehrkolbenpumpe erfolgen. Man kann aber auch die wäßrigen Tensidzubereitungen mit den Aniontensiden wie üblich über eine Düse in die Wirbelschichtapparatur einspeisen und die wäßrigen Basen-Lösungen, insbesondere konzentrierter Ammoniak, vorzugsweise oberhalb des Siebbodens der Wirbelschichtapparatur eindüsen. Da oberhalb des Siebbodens Unterdruck vorliegt, wird die wäßrige Basen-Lösung auf einfache Weise in die Wirbelschicht eingesaugt. Einer zweiten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung entsprechend werden die flüchtigen Basen der für die Granulierung und Trocknung in den Wirbelschichtapparat zugeführten Wirbelluft zugesetzt. Zweckmäßigerweise werden nach dieser Ausfuhrungsform die wäßrigen, ggf. pH-neutral eingestellten, Aniontenside enthaltenen Tensidzubereitungen hierbei in die Wirbelschichtapparatur eingedüst und werden erst dort in Gegenwart der mit der Wirbelluft zugefuhrten flüchtigen Basen, vorzugsweise Ammoniak als Gas, granuliert und getrocknet. Es ist im Rahmen der Erfindung natürlich auch möglich, zwei oder mehrere der beschriebenen Ausführungsformen miteinander zu kombinieren. Die wäßrigen, Aniontenside enthaltenden Tensidzubereitungen, vorzugsweise die wäßrigen Aniontensidpasten, können alleine oder unter Zumischung von festen Trägermaterialien in der Wirbelschicht granuliert und gleichzeitig getrocknet werden. In der Wirbelschicht verdampft das Wasser aus der Zubereitung (Paste), wodurch angetrocknete bis getrocknete Keime entstehen, die mit den ggf. zugemischten Trägermaterialien umhüllt, granuliert und wiederum gleichzeitig getrocknet werden. Sofern Trägermaterialien zugemischt werden sollen, werden diese gleichzeitig mit den wäßrigen Tensidzubereitungen (Pasten), aber separat von diesen, vorzugsweise über eine automatisch geregelte Feststoffdosierung zugemischt. Sofern im Sinne der Erfindung Trägermaterialien zugemischt werden, handelt es sich vorzugsweise um anorganische Trägermaterialien und insbesondere um Alkalicarbonate, Alkalisulfate, kristalline oder amorphe Alkalisilikate, kristalline oder amorphe Schichtsilikate und/oder Zeolithe. Der Anteil an Trägermaterialien zu Tensid ist nicht kritisch und kann im Gewichtsverhältnis zwischen 0 : 100 bis 50 : 50, vorzugsweise bis 80 : 20 liegen.According to one embodiment of the present invention, the volatile bases can be added in accordance with the surfactant pastes containing anionic surfactant directly before they are granulated and simultaneously dried. For this purpose, the volatile bases, in particular ammonia, are expediently added in the form of their aqueous solutions, in particular as concentrated ammonia, to the aqueous, anionic surfactants, if appropriate containing pH-neutral preparations, before they are injected into the fluidized bed apparatus and subjected to the granulation and simultaneous drying . However, it is also possible for the aqueous anionic surfactants to contain surfactant preparations which may have previously been adjusted to be pH-neutral and, independently of this, to inject an aqueous base solution into the fluidized bed apparatus. This can either be done in parallel using a multi-piston pump. However, it is also possible, as usual, to feed the aqueous surfactant preparations with the anionic surfactants into the fluidized bed apparatus via a nozzle and to spray the aqueous base solutions, in particular concentrated ammonia, preferably above the sieve bottom of the fluidized bed apparatus. Since there is negative pressure above the sieve bottom, the aqueous base solution is sucked into the fluidized bed in a simple manner. According to a second embodiment of the present invention, the volatile bases are added to the fluidizing air fed into the fluidized bed apparatus for the granulation and drying. Appropriately, according to this embodiment, the aqueous, optionally pH-neutral, anionic surfactant-containing surfactant preparations are injected into the fluidized bed apparatus and are only granulated and dried there in the presence of the volatile bases, preferably ammonia as gas, supplied with the fluidizing air. It is of course also possible within the scope of the invention to combine two or more of the described embodiments with one another. The aqueous surfactant preparations containing anionic surfactants, preferably the aqueous anionic surfactant pastes, can be granulated alone or with the addition of solid carrier materials in the fluidized bed and dried at the same time. In the fluidized bed, the water evaporates from the preparation (paste), resulting in dried to dried germs, which are coated with the optionally mixed carrier materials, granulated and again dried at the same time. If carrier materials are to be mixed in, they are mixed in simultaneously with the aqueous surfactant preparations (pastes), but separately from these, preferably via an automatically regulated solids metering. If carrier materials are mixed in for the purposes of the invention, they are preferably inorganic carrier materials and in particular alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal sulfates, crystalline or amorphous alkali metal silicates, crystalline or amorphous sheet silicates and / or zeolites. The proportion of carrier materials to surfactant is not critical and can be in the weight ratio between 0: 100 to 50:50, preferably up to 80:20.
Bevorzugt im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung erfolgt die Granulierung und gleichzeitige Trocknung in der kontinuierlichen Wirbelschicht, nach dem sogenannten SKET-Verfahren. Bevorzugt eingesetzte Wirbelschichtapparate besitzen Bodenplatten (Siebboden) mit einem Durchmesser zwischen 0,4 und 5 m, beispielsweise 1,2 m oder 2,5 m. Als Bodenplatte können Lochbodenplatten, eine Contidurplatte (Handelsprodukt der Firma Hein & Lehmann, Bundesrepublik Deutschland) oder Lochbodenplatten eingesetzt werden, deren Löcher (Durchtrittsöffnungen) von einem Gitternetz mit Maschenweiten kleiner als 600 μm bedeckt sind. Dabei kann das Gitternetz innerhalb oder oberhalb der Durchtrittsöffnungen angeordnet sein. Vorzugsweise liegt das Gitternetz jedoch unmittelbar unterhalb der Durchtrittsöffnungen des Anströmbodens. Vorteilhafterweise ist dies so realisiert, daß eine Metall-Gaze mit der entsprechenden Maschenweite aufgesintert ist. Vorzugsweise besteht die Metallgaze aus dem gleichen Material wie der Anströmboden, insbesondere aus Edelstahl. Vorzugsweise liegt die Maschenweite des genannten Gitternetzes zwischen 200 und 400 μm.For the purposes of the present invention, the granulation and simultaneous drying preferably take place in the continuous fluidized bed, according to the so-called SKET process. Fluidized bed apparatuses which are preferably used have base plates (sieve bases) with a diameter between 0.4 and 5 m, for example 1.2 m or 2.5 m. Perforated floor slabs, a Contidur slab (commercial product from Hein & Lehmann, Federal Republic of Germany) or perforated floor slabs can be used as the floor slab, the holes (passage openings) of which are covered by a grid with mesh sizes of less than 600 μm. The grid can be arranged inside or above the passage openings. However, the grid preferably lies directly below the passage openings of the inflow floor. This is advantageously realized in such a way that a metal gauze with the appropriate mesh size is sintered on. The metal gauze preferably consists of the same material as the inflow floor, in particular of stainless steel. The mesh size of said grid is preferably between 200 and 400 μm.
Bevorzugt im Sinne der Erfindung wird das Verfahren bei Wirbelluftgeschwindigkeiten zwischen 1 und 8 m/s und insbesondere zwischen 1,5 und 5,5 m/s durchgeführt. Der Austrag der Granulate erfolgt vorteilhafterweise über eine Größenklassierung der Granulate. Diese Klassierung erfolgt bevorzugt mittels einem entgegengefuhrten Luftstrom (Sichter- luft), der so reguliert wird, daß erst Teilchen ab einer bestimmten Teilchengröße aus der Wirbelschicht entfernt und kleinere Teilchen in der Wirbelschicht zurückgehalten werden. Die einströmende Luft setzt sich aus der beheizten oder unbeheizten Sichterluft und der beheizten Bodenluft zusammen. Die Bodenlufttemperatur liegt dabei vorzugsweise zwischen 80 und 400 °C. Die Wirbelluft kühlt sich durch Wärmeverluste und durch die Verdampfungswärme ab und beträgt vorzugsweise etwa 5 cm oberhalb der Bodenplatte 60 bis 120 °C, vorzugsweise 65 bis 90 °C und insbesondere 70 bis 85 °C. Die Luftaustrittstemperatur liegt vorzugsweise zwischen 60 und 120 °C, insbesondere unterhalb 80 °C. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens finden sich in der zur Zeit noch unveröffentlichten deutschen Patentanmeldung P 197 504 24.8 sowie in der europäischen Patentschrift EP-B-603 207.For the purposes of the invention, the process is preferably carried out at swirl air speeds between 1 and 8 m / s and in particular between 1.5 and 5.5 m / s. The granules are advantageously discharged via a size classification of the granules. This classification is preferably carried out by means of an opposed air flow (classifier air), which is regulated in such a way that only particles above a certain particle size are removed from the fluidized bed and smaller particles are retained in the fluidized bed. The inflowing air is composed of the heated or unheated classifier air and the heated soil air. The soil air temperature is preferably between 80 and 400 ° C. The fluidizing air cools down through heat losses and through the heat of vaporization and is preferably approximately 5 cm above the base plate 60 to 120 ° C., preferably 65 to 90 ° C. and in particular 70 to 85 ° C. The air outlet temperature is preferably between 60 and 120 ° C, in particular below 80 ° C. Further advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention can be found in the as yet unpublished German patent application P 197 504 24.8 and in European patent EP-B-603 207.
Für die Granulierung und Trocknung in der Wirbelschicht ist es günstig, daß zu Beginn des Verfahrens eine Startmasse vorhanden ist, die als anfänglicher Träger für die eingesprühte Tensidpaste dient. Als Startmasse eignen sich die ggf. Trägermaterialien enthaltenden Tensidgranulate selber, die bereits bei einem vorangegangenen Verfahrensablauf erhalten wurden oder die Trägermaterialien können als Startmasse eingesetzt werden. Insbesondere werden bereits aus einem der vorangegangenen Verfahrensablauf erhaltenen Tensidgranulate mit einer Korngröße im Bereich zwischen 0J und 1,6 mm als Startmasse eingesetzt.For the granulation and drying in the fluidized bed, it is advantageous that a starting mass is present at the beginning of the process, which serves as an initial carrier for the sprayed-in surfactant paste. Suitable starting materials are the surfactant granules themselves, which may contain carrier materials, which have already been obtained in a previous process, or the carrier materials can be used as starting materials. In particular, surfactant granules with a grain size in the range between 0J and 1.6 mm obtained from one of the preceding process sequences are used as starting mass.
Bevorzugt werden die aus der Wirbelschicht erhaltenen Granulate anschließend in einem separaten Wirbelbett abgekühlt und mittels eines Siebes klassiert in Granulate mit Korngrößen zwischen 0J und 1,6 mm als Gutkornfraktion und in Granulate über 1,6 mm als Uberkomfraktion, während Partikel unter 0,1 mm bereits während der Trocknung in der Wirbelschicht in einen Abluft-Filter gelangen, dort von der Abluft separiert und dann als Keimmaterial wieder in die Wirbelschicht zugeführt werden. Die Uberkomfraktion wird gemahlen und ebenfalls in die Wirbelschicht zurückgeführt.The granules obtained from the fluidized bed are then preferably cooled in a separate fluidized bed and classified by means of a sieve into granules with grain sizes between 0J and 1.6 mm as good grain fraction and in granules over 1.6 mm as Uberkom fraction, while particles below 0.1 mm already get into an exhaust air filter during drying in the fluidized bed, separated from the exhaust air there and then fed back into the fluidized bed as germ material. The Uberkom fraction is ground and also returned to the fluidized bed.
Im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung werden die Tensidgranulate als getrocknet betrachtet, sofern der Gehalt an freiem Wasser vorzugsweise unter 10 Gew.%, insbesondere von 0J bis 2 Gew.%, jeweils bezogen auf die fertigen Granulate, beträgt. Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden Tensidgranulate mit hohem Schüttgewicht erhalten, vorzugsweise oberhalb 500 g/1 und insbesondere zwischen 550 und 1000 g/1. Der Aktivsubstanzgehalt schwankt je nach Zusatz von eingesetzten Trägermaterialien und liegt insbesondere über 50 Gew.%, vorzugsweise zwischen 85 und 98 Gew.%.For the purposes of the present invention, the surfactant granules are regarded as dried if the free water content is preferably below 10% by weight, in particular from 0J to 2% by weight, based in each case on the finished granules. Surfactant granules with a high bulk density are obtained by the process according to the invention, preferably above 500 g / 1 and in particular between 550 and 1000 g / 1. The active substance content fluctuates depending on the addition of carrier materials used and is in particular above 50% by weight, preferably between 85 and 98% by weight.
Die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erhaltenen Tensidgranulate sind pH-neutral, d.h. nach Auflösen der Tensidgranulate in Wasser zeigt die wäßrige Lösung einen pH- Wert zwischen 7 und 9,5. Des weiteren sind die Tensidgranulate staubfrei und rieselfähig und nicht bzw. kaum klebrig, so daß sie gut in big bags handhabbar und silierfähig sind.The surfactant granules obtained by the process according to the invention are pH neutral, i.e. after dissolving the surfactant granules in water, the aqueous solution has a pH between 7 and 9.5. Furthermore, the surfactant granules are dust-free and free-flowing and not or hardly sticky, so that they are easy to handle and silage-compatible in big bags.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung der erfin- dungsgemäß hergestellten Granulate als pH-neutrale Tenside zur Herstellung von Wasch-, Spül- und Reinigungsmitteln.Another object of the present invention relates to the use of the granules produced according to the invention as pH-neutral surfactants for the production of washing, rinsing and cleaning agents.
In den Wasch-, Spül- und Reinigungsmitteln können die erfindungsgemäßen Granulate in üblichen Mengen, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 0J bis 50 Gew.% - bezogen auf Mittel - enthalten sein. Vorzugsweise eignen sich die erfmdungsgemäß hergestellten Tensidgranulate für die Herstellung von pH-neutralen Wasch-, Spül- und Reinigungsmitteln wie pH- neutrale Pulverreiniger und pH-neutrale Seifen als auch für mit Farbstoffe versetzte Reinigungsmittel wie Toilettensteine. Die pH-neutralen Wasch-, Spül- und Reinigungsmittel können in pulvriger, granulierter oder stückiger Form vorliegen.The detergents, rinsing agents and cleaning agents can contain the granules according to the invention in customary amounts, preferably in the range from 0J to 50% by weight, based on the agent. The surfactant granules produced according to the invention are preferably suitable for the production of pH-neutral washing, rinsing and cleaning agents such as pH-neutral powder cleaners and pH-neutral soaps, as well as for detergents mixed with colorants such as toilet blocks. The pH-neutral washing, rinsing and cleaning agents can be in powder, granular or lumpy form.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Granulate als Tenside zur Herstellung reinigender Kosmetika für Zähne, Haare und Haut, insbesondere für die Herstellung von Haarshampoos, Duschbäder, Waschlotionen, Zahnpasta und dergleichen. In diesen Mitteln können die erfindungsgemäßen Granulate in Mengen von 0J bis 30 Gew.% - bezogen auf Mittel - enthalten sein. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Verwendung zur Herstellung von Mitteln für die Mundhygiene, insbesondere für Zahnpasta. B e i s p i e l eAnother object of the present invention relates to the use of the granules according to the invention as surfactants for the production of cleaning cosmetics for teeth, hair and skin, in particular for the production of hair shampoos, shower baths, washing lotions, toothpaste and the like. These agents can contain the granules according to the invention in amounts of 0J to 30% by weight, based on the agent. The use for the production of agents for oral hygiene, in particular for toothpaste, is particularly preferred. Examples
Herstellung von pH-neutralen Fettalkoholsulfat-GranulatenProduction of pH-neutral fatty alcohol sulfate granules
Beispiel 1example 1
10.000 kg einer 65 Gew.-% Natrium-laurylsulfat (52 % C12 / 21 % C 14 / 10 % C 16 / 17 % C 18) enthaltenden wäßrigen Paste mit einem Gehalt an freiem Alkali von 0J Gew.-% Natriumhydroxid wurden kontinuierlich mit 2.000 kg pro Stunde bei einer Temperatur von 70 °C in die Wirbelschichtanlage (SKET-Anlage) eingedüst, wobei die Trocknungsluft bei Eintritt in die Wirbelschicht eine Temperatur von 170 °C, bei Austritt von 100 °C aufwies. In der Wirbelschicht herrschte eine Temperatur von 60 °C. Während der kontinuierlichen Einspeisung der Tensidpaste wurden kontinuierlich über dem Siebboden der SKET-Anlage 12 kg einer 25 %-igen wäßr. Ammoniaklösung mittels einer Dosierpumpe in die Wirbelschicht eingespeist.10,000 kg of an aqueous paste containing 65% by weight sodium lauryl sulfate (52% C12 / 21% C 14/10% C 16/17% C 18) with a free alkali content of 0J% by weight sodium hydroxide were continuously mixed with 2,000 kg per hour at a temperature of 70 ° C injected into the fluidized bed system (SKET system), the drying air having a temperature of 170 ° C when entering the fluidized bed, at 100 ° C outlet. The temperature in the fluidized bed was 60 ° C. During the continuous feeding of the surfactant paste 12 kg of a 25% aq. Ammonia solution fed into the fluidized bed by means of a metering pump.
Nach 5 Stunden wurden 6.600 kg Natrium-laurylsulfat als Granulat mit einer Partikelgröße im Bereich von 0,1 - 1,6 mm, einem Schüttgewicht von 620 g/Liter und einem Wassergehalt von 1,5 Gew.-% erhalten.After 5 hours, 6,600 kg of sodium lauryl sulfate were obtained as granules with a particle size in the range from 0.1 to 1.6 mm, a bulk density of 620 g / liter and a water content of 1.5% by weight.
Eine 1 % -ige wäßrige Lösung des Granulats zeigte bei 25 °C einen pH- Wert von 8,8. 500 g dieses Natrium-laurylsulfat -Granulats wurden bei 80 °C während 72 Stunden in einer Porzellanschale in einem Trockenschrank gelagert. Nach dieser Zeit konnten keinerlei graue Stippen im Produkt festgestellt werden.A 1% aqueous solution of the granules showed a pH of 8.8 at 25 ° C. 500 g of this sodium lauryl sulfate granulate were stored in a porcelain bowl in a drying cabinet at 80 ° C. for 72 hours. After this time, no gray spots were found in the product.
Beispiel 2Example 2
Wie in Beispiel 1 wurden 10.000 kg einer 65 Gew.-% Natrium-laurylsulfat (52 % C12 / 21 % C 14 / 10 % C 16 / 17 % C 18) enthaltenden wäßrigen Paste mit einem Gehalt an freiem Alkali von 0,1 Gew.-% Natriumhydroxid kontinuierlich mit 2.000 kg pro Stunde bei einer Temperatur von 70 °C in die Wirbelschichtanlage (SKET-Anlage) eingedüst, wobei die Trocknungsluft bei Eintritt in die Wirbelschicht eine Temperatur von 180 °C, bei Austritt von 90 °C aufwies. In der Wirbelschicht herrschte eine Temperatur von 70 °C. 24 kg einer 25 %-igen wäßr. Ammoniaklösung wurden parallel mittels einer zwangsgesteuerten Mehrkolben-Dosierpumpe zusammen mit der wäßrigen Tensidpaste kontinuierlich in die Wirbelschicht der SKET-Anlage eingespeist.As in Example 1, 10,000 kg of an aqueous paste containing 65% by weight sodium lauryl sulfate (52% C12 / 21% C 14/10% C 16/17% C 18) with a free alkali content of 0.1% .-% sodium hydroxide continuously injected at 2,000 kg per hour at a temperature of 70 ° C into the fluidized bed system (SKET system), the drying air having a temperature of 180 ° C when entering the fluidized bed, and 90 ° C at the outlet. The temperature in the fluidized bed was 70 ° C. 24 kg of a 25% aq. Ammonia solution were operated in parallel using a positively controlled The multi-piston metering pump together with the aqueous surfactant paste is continuously fed into the fluidized bed of the SKET system.
Nach 5 Stunden wurden 6.580 kg Natrium-laurylsulfat als Granulat mit einer Partikelgröße im Bereich von 0J - 1,6 mm, einem Schüttgewicht von 590 g/Liter und einem Wassergehalt von 1 ,3 Gew.-% erhalten.After 5 hours, 6,580 kg of sodium lauryl sulfate were obtained as granules with a particle size in the range from 0J to 1.6 mm, a bulk density of 590 g / liter and a water content of 1.3% by weight.
Eine 1 % -ige wäßrige Lösung des Granulats zeigte bei 25 °C einen pH- Wert von 9,5. 500 g dieses Natrium-laurylsulfat -Granulats wurden bei 80 °C während 72 Stunden in einer Porzellanschale in einem Trockenschrank gelagert. Nach dieser Zeit konnten keinerlei graue Stippen im Produkt festgestellt werden.A 1% aqueous solution of the granules showed a pH of 9.5 at 25 ° C. 500 g of this sodium lauryl sulfate granulate were stored in a porcelain bowl in a drying cabinet at 80 ° C. for 72 hours. After this time, no gray spots were found in the product.
Vergleichsbeispiel 1Comparative Example 1
Wie in Beispiel 1 wurden 10.000 kg einer 65 Gew.-% Natrium-laurylsulfat (52 % C12 / 21 % C 14 / 10 % C 16 / 17 % C 18) enthaltenden wäßrigen Paste mit einem Gehalt an freiem Alkali von 0J Gew.-% Natriumhydroxid kontinuierlich mit 2.000 kg pro Stunde bei einer Temperatur von 70 °C in die Wirbelschichtanlage (SKET-Anlage) eingedüst, wobei die Trocknungsluft bei Eintritt in die Wirbelschicht eine Temperatur von 160 °C, bei Austritt von 90 °C aufwies. In der Wirbelschicht herrschte eine Temperatur von 60 °C.As in Example 1, 10,000 kg of an aqueous paste containing 65% by weight sodium lauryl sulfate (52% C12 / 21% C 14/10% C 16/17% C 18) with a free alkali content of 0J% by weight. % Sodium hydroxide continuously injected at 2,000 kg per hour at a temperature of 70 ° C into the fluidized bed system (SKET system), the drying air having a temperature of 160 ° C when entering the fluidized bed and 90 ° C at the outlet. The temperature in the fluidized bed was 60 ° C.
Nach 5 Stunden wurden 6.580 kg Natrium-laurylsulfat als Granulat mit einer Partikelgröße im Bereich von 0J - 1,6 mm, einem Schüttgewicht von 600 g/Liter und einem Wassergehalt von 1,2 Gew.-% erhalten.After 5 hours, 6,580 kg of sodium lauryl sulfate were obtained as granules with a particle size in the range from 0J to 1.6 mm, a bulk density of 600 g / liter and a water content of 1.2% by weight.
Eine 1 % -ige wäßrige Lösung des Granulats zeigte bei 25 °C einen pH- Wert von 9,2. 500 g dieses Natrium-laurylsulfat -Granulats wurden bei 80 °C während 72 Stunden in einer Porzellanschale in einem Trockenschrank gelagert. Nach dieser Zeit zeigten sich im Produkt vereinzelt graue Stippen, welche isoliert wurden und einen sauren pH- Wert aufwiesen. A 1% aqueous solution of the granules showed a pH of 9.2 at 25 ° C. 500 g of this sodium lauryl sulfate granulate were stored in a porcelain bowl in a drying cabinet at 80 ° C. for 72 hours. After this time, gray specks appeared in the product, which were isolated and had an acidic pH.
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99963299A EP1131400B1 (en) | 1998-11-23 | 1999-11-13 | Method for producing tenside granulates |
| AT99963299T ATE492626T1 (en) | 1998-11-23 | 1999-11-13 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING SURFACTANT GRANULES |
| DE59915230T DE59915230D1 (en) | 1998-11-23 | 1999-11-13 | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TENSID GRANULES |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19853893.6 | 1998-11-23 | ||
| DE19853893A DE19853893A1 (en) | 1998-11-23 | 1998-11-23 | Simultaneous fluidized bed granulation and drying of aqueous formulation of anionic surfactant useful in laundry, dish-washing or other detergent or cosmetic cleanser, e.g. toothpaste, uses added volatile base |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2000031230A1 true WO2000031230A1 (en) | 2000-06-02 |
Family
ID=7888656
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1999/008763 Ceased WO2000031230A1 (en) | 1998-11-23 | 1999-11-13 | Method for producing tenside granulates |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1131400B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE492626T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19853893A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2357380T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000031230A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2801606A1 (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2014-11-12 | The Procter and Gamble Company | Spray-dried particle comprising sulphate |
| MX2023013280A (en) | 2021-05-10 | 2023-11-30 | Basf Se | Ether sulfates based on isomeric tridecyl alcohol mixtures. |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1993023520A1 (en) * | 1992-05-20 | 1993-11-25 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Process for producing anionic tenside-containing washing and cleaning agents |
| DE4304062A1 (en) * | 1993-02-11 | 1994-08-18 | Henkel Kgaa | Process for the preparation of surfactant granules |
| WO1998040461A1 (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 1998-09-17 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Method for producing anionic surfactant granulates |
| DE19707649C1 (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-10-22 | Henkel Kgaa | Process for the production of detergent raw materials |
-
1998
- 1998-11-23 DE DE19853893A patent/DE19853893A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-11-13 AT AT99963299T patent/ATE492626T1/en active
- 1999-11-13 WO PCT/EP1999/008763 patent/WO2000031230A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-11-13 DE DE59915230T patent/DE59915230D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-13 EP EP99963299A patent/EP1131400B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-13 ES ES99963299T patent/ES2357380T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1993023520A1 (en) * | 1992-05-20 | 1993-11-25 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Process for producing anionic tenside-containing washing and cleaning agents |
| DE4304062A1 (en) * | 1993-02-11 | 1994-08-18 | Henkel Kgaa | Process for the preparation of surfactant granules |
| DE19707649C1 (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-10-22 | Henkel Kgaa | Process for the production of detergent raw materials |
| WO1998040461A1 (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 1998-09-17 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Method for producing anionic surfactant granulates |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19853893A1 (en) | 2000-05-25 |
| DE59915230D1 (en) | 2011-02-03 |
| ATE492626T1 (en) | 2011-01-15 |
| EP1131400B1 (en) | 2010-12-22 |
| EP1131400A1 (en) | 2001-09-12 |
| ES2357380T3 (en) | 2011-04-25 |
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